Honor, Integrity, Duty
"the greatest way to live with honor in this world is to be what we pretend to be" (Socrates).
If ten persons are asked to define "honor" there will likely be eight or nine different answers, and perhaps even all ten people will have a different response. Honor can be thought of as respect; when a person achieves something very significant or has high moral standards -- that can be seen as honor, according to the MacMillan Dictionary. An honor is something that is given to a person who has achieved something significant; and an honor can be something done to represent another person's efforts. For example, Rev. Martin Luther King was honored with a Nobel Prize for Peace because of his nonviolent leadership (MacMillan Dictionary).
Scholar Frank Henderson Stewart writes in his book Honor that in Asian countries (notably China) saving "face" is an honorable thing to do. In the Japanese culture, honor literally means "glory of the name," Stewart explains in Chapter One. Stewart also explains that honor has had an important place in the German culture, and "certain offenses against honor are to this day recognized by the criminal law" in Germany. For example, it is an offense under German criminal law statutes for one person to call another "a swine," Stewart continues. The suggestion is that calling a person a swine attacks that person's honor.
Meanwhile, author and professor emeritus at Yale University Alexander Welsh defines honor as "…a measure of esteem and commendation," usually employed as a way to describe a "higher-than-usual achievement" (Welsh, 2008, p. 1). The word "honor" has been in the past used most frequently in military and diplomatic contexts. Welsh references the noted German philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer, whose work on the concept of honor is greatly respected by scholars. It is appropriate for this paper to use Welsh's quotes from Schopenhauer's essay Parerga and Paralipomena:
"Honor is not the opinion people have of particular qualities which a man may happen to possess exclusively: it is rather the opinion they have of qualities which a man may be expected to exhibit, and to which...
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