Ethics The Institutional Review Board (IRB) was created to protect human rights in research studies. Prior to the creation of ethical standards in research individual rights were frequently violated without consequence for such actions. Extreme examples of ethical violations include the experiments conducted on individuals during the Nazi Concentration Camps and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. In both cases individuals were inflicted with significant harm without knowledge of the study or willing

traditional project proposal which can range from a few pages to more than a hundred depending on the individual institutional requirements and focus of the study. For instance, Mauch and Park (2005) report that, "The proposal is sometimes called an overview or a concept paper. Operationally, the terms seem to mean the same" (p. 97). Irrespective of what it is called, a concept paper provides the foundation for proceeding

This difficulty is further intensified by the inherently complicated task of clearly explicating the purpose, process and findings which have produced the resolutions of a qualitative study. The personalized quality of this research mode places a considerable imperative in the hands of the research composer to create both the research framework and a sensible delivery of results. The undertaking of qualitative analysis often requires the researcher to adapt personal

(1) 7 Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables What are the extraneous variables in this study? (1) In what way(s) were appropriate measures used to control for the influence of the extraneous variables? (1) 2 Study Instruments/Tools Identify the type of each measurement strategy (i.e. Likert scale, visual analog scale, physiological Measure, questionnaire, observation, or interview). (1) Identify the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval/ratio) achieved by each measurement strategy. (1) Discuss how the instrument was developed or

" (Zemsky, 1) Null Hypothesis The null hypothesis of the research endeavor is that online professors will report no perceptible connection between post-tenure review and job performance. Alternate Hypothesis The alternate hypothesis of the research endeavor is that online professors will report that post-tenure review improves job performance. Nature of the Study Significance of the Study The significance of the proposed research is based in the need for greater study of online instruction in higher education with

Improving Health for Children With Asthma Childhood Asthma Improving Health Outcomes for Inner-City Children with Asthma Improving Health Outcomes for Inner-City Children with Asthma Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) engages in active surveillance of childhood asthma because it is prevalent, contributes significantly to childhood morbidity, and imposes an economic burden on families (CDC, 2012). The main recommendations for diagnosing and managing asthma by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and