Communication
Textual Analysis

a) of the eleven topics to select from, I have chosen the topic of gendered violence.

b) Within this topic, my specific interest is the connection between gender and violence. Across popular forms of media such as gaming, films, television, music and more, violence expresses gender. Gender traits are expressed in media via the gender of the person performing and/or receiving violence, as well as the aesthetics and contexts within which the violence in the media form appears. Meaning, there are differences in the aesthetics and contexts in violence between film and gaming, for example. Games have specific contexts in which they are experienced with finite variations in the forms of violence. This is a completely different experience from viewing film.

c) I am interested in this topic for a few reasons. Violence is prevalent in the media. It is now accepted that media affects viewers. Within the context of the…...

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Resources:

Bryce, J.O., & Rutter, J. (2003). Gender dynamics and the social and spatial organization of computer gaming. Leisure Studies, 22(1), 1-15.

Funk, J.B., Baldacci, H.B., Pasold, T., & Baumgardner, J. (2004). Violence exposure in real-life, video games, television, movies, and the internet: is there desensitization? Journal of adolescence, 27(1), 23-39.

Disposable Rocket, Textual Analysis
Textual Analysis- the Disposable Rocket

In "The Disposable Rocket" Updike uses techniques of language to create in the reader an understanding of what it means, to him, to "inhabit a male body." Updike states that "to inhabit a male body, then is to feel somewhat detached from it" and it is this detachment that is clearly conveyed through the piece. The reader is made to feel that he or she is being taught what it is to wear a male body, through the way in which the writer uses language and linguistic techniques. The reader is able to intellectually understanding something of the experience of the male body, through the examples given, but never experiences those sensations as would happen in a less distantly written piece. The form of the essay itself is a tool used to set up the author as an authoritative figure. This essay uses…...

ar is always a collective historical event that survives in official government records and propaganda as well as mass media images and academic and popular writing. Of course, not all individual experiences can be captured by the collective memory, national consciousness and official interpretations of events, and in some cases governments and established elites attempt to censor and repress collective memory. ith Hiroshima and Nagasaki, collective denial, cover ups and repression of public memories occurred for decades after the war, while many veterans who returned to Japan in 1945 were deeply dissatisfied by the official version of collective memory and sought to alter the national consciousness. In Black Rain, the family patriarch would also like to repress and deny the events of the recent past, but his niece and lover were so obviously victimized and damaged by the war that in the end he is simply unable to do so.…...

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WORKS CITED

Cavanaugh, Carole, "A Working Ideology for Hiroshima: Imanura Shohel's Black Rain" in Dennis Washburn and Carole Cavanaugh (eds). Word and Image in Japanese Cinema. Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Sakai, Naoki. Translation and Subjectivity: On "Japan" and Cultural Nationalism. University of Minnesota Press, 1997.

Theoretically Informed Intertextual Analysis
There are numerous similarities existent between Oscar ilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray and illiam ordsworth's "Resolution and Independence" Despite the fact that the former is a novel and the latter a poem, both were composed by English authors in the 19th century and were preoccupied with the singular theme of youth. This theme becomes even more magnified and lucid when these pieces of literature are examined within the psychoanalytic lens of literary criticism -- in which one largely identifies psychoanalytic concepts associated with the characters or authors of works of literature (Brooks 334). Adopting this stance for these two opuses, however, reveals that the protagonist in each manifests the Ideal-I noted in Lacan's mirror stage theory. A comparative analysis of these pieces of literature reveals that each respective protagonist attempts to stave off the process of aging by clinging to his youth.

The central conflict in each…...

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Works Cited

Brooks, Peter. "The Idea of a Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism." Critical Inquiry. 13(2), 334-348. 1987. Print.

Billig, Michael. "Lacan's Misuse of Psychology Evidence, Rhetoric and the Mirror Stage." Theory, Culture and Society. 23(4), 1-26. 2006 Print.

Delahoyde, Michael. "Psychoanalytic criticism." Introduction to Literature. Web. No date.  http://public.wsu.edu/~delahoyd/psycho.crit.html 

Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. New Jersey: Waterloo Press. 1983. Print.

Close Textual Analysis: “The Flea” by John Donne
The British poet John Donne is one of the best-known and most often-quoted of the metaphysical poets. Donne was a devout Christian but often used strange, arresting metaphors to convey theological truths. This can be seen quite clearly in “The Flea,” in which the small, biting insect that is apparently a mere annoyance becomes a metaphor for the joining of the poet and his beloved. “It sucked me first, and now sucks thee, / And in this flea our two bloods mingled be,” writes Donne (3-4). Even though the poet and his beloved are not physically touching, the ugly, even repugnant parasite still has an elevating, even beautiful role in uniting the two souls, although the poet’s beloved cannot perceived this.

Donne’s poem reflects his belief as a Christian that all creatures, however humble, have a dignity as they are created by God. But…...

Chapter 3: MethodologyThe research question guiding this study is: How do individuals living in rural Africa use informal institutions to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative research approach using an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) research design will by employed. Using IPA, the researcher will explore the lived experience of coping with the COVID-19 pandemic through the use of informal institutions among individual living in rural Africa. This chapter begins with a description of the research paradigm, approach, and tradition. Next, the participant recruitment procedures and data collection methods will be described, followed by the data analysis plan and strategies to enhance trustworthiness.esearch ParadigmCreswell and Creswell (2018) define a paradigm as a basic set of interrelated assumptions that guide a researchers inquiries. A paradigm is also a representation and reflection of the beliefs and values of the researcher regarding the world (Kamal, 2019). This implies that a paradigm is a…...

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ReferencesCreswell, J.W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Dowling, M. (2007). From Husserl to van Manen. A Review of Different Phenomenological Approaches. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44, 131-142.Kamal, S.S.L.B.A. (2019, January). Research Paradigm and the Philosophical Foundations of a Qualitative Study. International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(3), 1386-1394.Kivunja, C. & Kuyini, A.B. (2017, September 5). Understanding and Applying Research Paradigms in Educational Contexts. International Journal of Higher Education, 6(5), 26-41.Larkin, M., Eatough, V. & Osborn, M. (2011). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and Embodied, Active, Situated Cognition. Theory & Psychology, 21(3), 318-337.McCaffrey, G., Raffin-Bouchal, S. & Moules, N.J. (2012, July 1). Hermeneutics as Research Approach: A Reappraisal. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 11(3), 214-229.Ponterotto, J.G. (2005). Qualitative Research in Counseling Psychology: A Primer on Research Paradigms and Philosophy of Science. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 126-136.Smith, J. A. (1996). Beyond the divide between cognition and discourse: Using interpretative phenomenological analysis in health psychology. Psychology and Health, 11, 261-271.Smith, J.A. (2011). Evaluating the Contribution of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(1), 9-27. Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Smith, J.A., Spiers, J., Simpson, P. & Nicholls, A.R. (2017). The Psychological Challenges of Living With an Ileostomy: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Health Psychology, 36(2), 143-151.

Software
Qualitative data is characterized by the deep, rich aspects that enable researchers to enter the realm of the participants in a study. Qualitative research projects are characterized by considerable coordination challenges and tight deadlines. Business clients of market research providers and academic research colleagues anticipate that the value qualitative researchers bring to inquiry is the ability to analyze and interpret, providing insights or contributions to themes. But often these processes are given short shrift with regard to time allotments in the overall inquiry process.

Challenges of Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA)

Data analysis software is a strong tool for textual analysis, and the benefits fall primarily into three categories: (1) Efficient systematic analysis, (2) effective retrieval and identification of data, and (3) capacity. Data analysis software is a grounded in machine learning -- algorithms and mathematical approaches to textual analysis that are interpretation neutral. That is, either patterns exist in the data…...

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NVivo: NVivo supports the cognitive activities associated with qualitative research and the productivity capabilities for managing large amounts of data are strong. The students-only license is $189. The full NVivo 9 license is $650 for 1 computer installation with indefinite use.

Source: NVivo.  http://www.qsrinternational.com/products_nvivo_pricing_pricelist.aspx 

Atlas.ti: Use Atlas.ti collect, manage, analyze, and share both primary and secondary qualitative data. The learning curve is short, operations are intuitive, and it has embedded survey and transcription components. The cost is $99 for a student license and $1,800 for a regular single user license. Source: Atlas.ti. http://www.atlasti.co

Title: An Introduction to Critical Discourse Analysis
Introduction

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a research approach that focuses on the ways in which language is used to construct social reality and power relations. It seeks to uncover the hidden ideologies and assumptions that underlie everyday communication, and to challenge dominant narratives that may perpetuate inequalities and injustices. CDA is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing on insights from linguistics, sociology, psychology, and communication studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of language in shaping society.

One of the key principles of CDA is the belief that language is more than just a means of communication; it is also a tool for social action and control. By examining how language is used in different contexts, CDA researchers can uncover the power dynamics at play and identify the ways in which certain groups are privileged or marginalized through discourse. For example, CDA can be used…...

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References

- Blommaert, J. (2005). Discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

- Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing Political Discourse: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.

- Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge: Polity Press.

- Fairclough, N. (1995). Media Discourse. London: Edward Arnold.

- Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing Discourse: Textual Analysis for Social Research. London: Routledge.

- Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical Discourse Analysis. In T. A. van Dijk (Ed.), Discourse as Social Interaction. London: Sage Publications.

According to Hebraic tradition, the chronological period in the book consists of the second month of the second year (measured from Exodus) to the beginning of the eleventh month of the fortieth year -- in all, roughly 39 years 9 months of wandering, with, of course, fewer in number at the end of the journey than at the beginning. Again, according to tradition, Moses was the author of all five books of the Torah, but stylistically, at least in both Hebrew and then Aramaic, the prose in Numbers is far dryer and more scholarly, leading most to believe that this particular section was derived from several priestly sources tentatively dated at 4th-6th century BC (Harris, 1985).
Since Numbers is divided into three parts, it is useful to provide an overview of the literative focus and consequences of each section:

Number's the eople of the Lord -- God ordered Moses to count…...

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Preparations for crossing the River Jordan -- Moses disobeys God and is punished, as are the tribes for speaking against God and Moses, and a new census is taken to be used to organize the tribal units into their new home. The Israelites conquer the Midian population, and the land of the Jordan is divided among the tribes.

Numbers ends with a summary technique, common in ancient Middle Eastern writings, called a colophon. Their usage as both a literary and historical tool was not understood until recently, and their form is more of an oral legal tradition, designed to state the place and circumstance of each composition, thus also organizing the story for posterity (Friedman, 2005).

Part II -- Analysis of the text -- the story of Numbers is actually rather simplistic -- it is a recounting of transition, and, like Job, a psychological organization of the manner in which God, through Moses, tested the Israelites to see if they were worth of having their own land. There are repeated trials and tribulations suffered by the people if they either do not obey God or Moses, or simply move apart and try to accomplish their own sense of organizing the world (Spence and Excell, 2009).. The message is quite clear: "Obey God and you will be rewarded, it may take some time, but eventually it will happen. Doubt God, and you will be punished." Structurally, it is more chronological than thematic, symbols are used within the original language of place names, events, and even phrases "the land of milk and honey," likely meaning, for instance, fertile land that will support

A number of researchers think that qualitative and quantitative methodologies cannot be pooled because the assumptions fundamental to each tradition are so greatly different. "Other researchers think they can be used in combination only by alternating between methods: qualitative research is appropriate to answer certain kinds of questions in certain conditions and quantitative is right for others. And some researchers think that both qualitative and quantitative methods can be used simultaneously to answer a research question" (Barnes et al., 2005).

There are two sets of challenges that enfold the idea of frame and discourse analysis. The first takes place in the areas of data collection, analysis, and final presentation results. The challenge surrounds definitions and conceptualizations. Ideational concepts are intrinsically inaccurate and distinctions between frames, ideologies and discourses are often indistinct. Discourse and frames are connected and sometimes overlap. Cultural discourses can comprise frames. Ideologies frequently do the same things frames…...

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References

Barnes, B., Conrad, k., Demont-Heinrich, C., Graziano, M., Kowalski, D., Neufeld, J.,

Zamora, J. & Palmquist, M. (2005). Generalizability and Transferability. Retrieved from  http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/gentrans/pop2f.cfm 

Hathaway, R. (1995). Assumptions underlying quantitative and qualitative research:

Implications for institutional research. Research in higher education, 36 (5), p. 535-

The poem that is reviewed in this brief essay is The Very End, as written by Tom Sleigh. As is indicated by the essay assignment prompt, the poem is about Sleigh’s grandmother. This is made quite clear on the page with the poem. Indeed, there is the text “For my grandmother” just below the title of the essay. What follows is a poem that is not terribly long. However, there is obviously a lot going on and the verbiage on display is both profound and nebulous at the same time. This is true in terms of what is said about his grandmother. It is also true about what is said about others. While Sleigh’s message is shrouded and dressed with some interesting references, the intent of the poem’s author is quite clear. Analysis
One thing to point out about the poem is how Sleigh swings back and forth in terms of who…...

Creation Myth Analysis
Case Study of the History of iblical Creation Narratives

What Is Myth?

What Is History?

Manetho

Josephus

Jeroboam

Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 Myth?

Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 History?

Is Genesis 1:1-2:4 oth Myth and History?

An Analysis of the iblical Creation Narrative of Genesis 1:1-25 and Egypt's Possible Influence on the Historical Record

God created the world in just six days, and rested on the seventh, but scholars have not rested at all over the millennia in their investigation of its account in the historical record, particularly Genesis 1:1-25. Given its importance to humankind, it is little wonder that so much attention has been devoted to how the universe was created and what place humanity has in this immense cosmos. Indeed, the creation of the universe and the origin of mankind are the subject of numerous myths around the world, with many sharing some distinct commonalities. According to S.G.F. randon, "The creation of the world and the origin of mankind…...

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Bibliography

Aldred, Cyril. The Egyptians. London: Thames & Hudson, 1961.

Andrews, E.A.. What Is History? Five Lectures on the Modern Science of History. New York:

Macmillan Co., 1905.

Austin, Michael. "Saul and the Social Contract: Constructions of 1 Samuel 8-11 in Cowley's 'Davideis' and Defoe's 'Jure Divino,' Papers on Language & Literature 32, 4 (1996),

Media as the Linguistic Discourse Analysis Object
esearch in Discourse Analysis - Linguistics

Discourse analysis' focus is noteworthy semiotic events. Discourse analysis aims to understand not only the nature of the semiotic event, but also the socio-psychological traits of the participants of the event. The proposed subject of research is media discourse analysis or media as the linguistic discourse analysis object. Media is highly relevant and almost fundamental to life in the 21st century. There is no doubt that there are social, perceptual, psychological, linguistic, and behavioral affects of technology and media upon users and communities. Objects of discourse analysis vary in their definition of articulated sequences of communication events, speech acts, etc. Media is nothing but a series of coordinated sequences of various communications events operating semiotically. Therefore, media discourse analysis is a worthwhile linguistic research endeavor. The hypothesis of the research contends that media discourse analysis, as part of media…...

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References:

Chen, L. (2004) Evaluation in Media Texts: A Cross-Cultural Linguistic Investigation. Language in Society, 33(5), 673 -- 702.

Chigana, A., & Chigana, W. (2008) Mxit It Up in the Media: Media Discourse Analysis on a Mobile Instant Messaging System. The South African Journal of Information and Communication, 9, 42 -- 57.

Constantinou, O. (2005) Multimodal Discourse Analysis: Media, modes and technologies. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 9(4), 602 -- 618.

Gamson, W.A., Croteau, D., Hoynes, W., & Sasson, T. (1992) Media Images and the Social Construction of Reality. Annual Review of Sociology, 18, 373 -- 393.

Art Analysis: Art21
After reviewing the artists from Art21, the artists chosen are Pierre Huyghe and AI Weiwei as the subjects of this paper. The pieces the paper will be "This is not a time for dreaming" by Huyghe and "Forever" by Weiwei. Both pieces are installation pieces although the artists are not classified under the same grouping on the Art21 website. Weiwei is listed as "Featured in Change" and Huyghe is listed as "Featured in omance." Though they are not featured or classified in the same group, their respective groups are related. There are several different kinds of people in the world for whom change is romantic. Weiwei is a renowned activist as well as renowned artists. Artists typically have a deep passion within that they express via their art. Therefore, Weiwei could see the connection between romance and change. For the native Parisian Huyghe, romance may very well be…...

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References:

Art21, Inc. (2012) Explore Artists. Available from:   2012 July 10.http://www.pbs.org/art21/artists .

European Graduate School. (2012) Pierre Huyghe -- Biography. Available from:   2012 July 11.http://www.egs.edu/faculty/pierre-huyghe/biography/ .

Wines, Michael. (2009) Ai Weiwei, China's Impolitic Artist. The New York Times, Available from:   2012 July 12.http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/28/world/asia/28weiwei.html?pagewanted=all .

Pierre Huyghe, "This is not a time for dreaming," 2004.

Cinematography

As with any film, what is captured by the eye of the camera in this film is done with skill, expertise, and a high level of perfection in direction. The locations are captured by the camera in a way that supports and adds to the film's satire. For instance, in the gypsy camp, where Turkish and Tommy have gone to purchase a caravan to serve as an office for Turkish to work out for the fight he has to fix, the pair must walk around what appears to be large pile of excrement - and it doesn't appear to be animal in nature. Gross, yes, but it works with the conveyance of the stereotypical image that the director is attempting to convey.

Much the same holds true when Brick Top is giving Turkish and Tommy a tour of the pig pens. It is a harsh looking environment that successfully conveys the…...

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Reference List

Ritchie, G. (dir), 2000, Snatch, Columbia Pictures and SKA Films, UK.

In August Wilson’s Fences, the author explores several themes as they relate to the central themes of race, fatherhood, and manhood in the United States.  One of the themes that he tackles is the concept of fate, though the approach is less about life being preordained as it is an examination of how history, social circumstances, and upbringing can combine to make some events appear preordained or fated rather than the intervention of some type of divine or supernatural fate.  This contextual analysis of manhood in a political situation that seems designed to challenge it was explored by

Certainly! Here are the answers to your art analysis worksheet, part one, with proper spacing and format:

1. Title of the artwork: The Starry Night
Artist: Vincent van Gogh
Year of creation: 1889
Medium: Oil on canvas

2. Formal analysis:
- Line: Van Gogh uses bold, curvy lines to depict the swirling sky and cypress trees. Short, thin brushstrokes are used for details.
- Shape: The artwork features various organic shapes like the crescent moon, stars, and swirling clouds.
- Color: A vibrant and contrasting color palette is used, with deep blues dominating the sky, complemented by the yellow stars and tree....

1. The Evolution of the Hero Archetype in Literary History:

Explore the development of the hero archetype from ancient epics to modern literature.
Analyze how societal values and cultural influences have shaped the representation of heroes.
Discuss the impact of technology and globalization on the contemporary interpretation of heroism.

2. The Power of Symbolism in Literary Interpretation:

Investigate the significance of symbols in literature, examining their metaphorical and thematic implications.
Explore how symbols enrich characterization, plot development, and overall literary impact.
Discuss the various ways in which symbols reflect the cultural, social, or psychological context of a literary work.

3. The Role....

Critical Discourse Analysis: Unraveling Power Dynamics and Ideological Influences in Language

Introduction

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a multifaceted approach to linguistic inquiry that investigates the ways in which language is used to construct and perpetuate social and political power dynamics. CDA scholars contend that language is not merely a neutral medium of communication, but an active agent that shapes our perceptions, ideologies, and the ways we interact with the world.

Key Principles

CDA is grounded in the following principles:

Language is inseparable from power: Discourse is embedded in social contexts and reflects the power relations that exist within them.
Meaning is socially constructed:....