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To a large extent, the assumption that procreation is a necessary goal of marriage originated in religious beliefs about biblical commandments to "be fruitful and multiply." The need for children to help support the family also factored heavily into the natural assumption toward having large families (Barash & Lipton, 2001).
As a result, many adults question the need for a lifetime commitment to another person, particularly since long-term sexual fidelity and happiness in marriage are apparently more the exception than the rule (Branden, 2003). Finally, many contemporary adults are reconsidering the entire concept of parenthood simply from the realization that not everyone is necessarily happier as a parent. In fact, a substantial percentage of parents admit that with the benefit of 20/20 hindsight, they might have preferred to remain childless (Branden, 2003).
Conclusion:
Marriage has traditionally...
Changing attitudes about the assumptions that parenthood is necessarily a responsibility to which all adults must aspire to fulfill is one significant factor. The fact that a marital union is no longer an economic necessity combined with the reduced influence of religion are also partially responsible, as are perceptions of the reality of long-term sexual fidelity in marriage.
References
Angier, N. "Birds Do it. Bees Do it. People Seek the Keys to it" the New
York Times (April 10, 2007)
Barash, D., Lipton, J. (2001). The Myth of Monogamy. New York:
Henry Holt.
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