¶ … Poetic Elements in Three Spiritual Poems Biblical poetry (50): Both Sample Poem 1 and 2 could be considered examples of biblical poetry, as both Thomas and Hopkins explore themes relating to divinity, spirituality and faith. Hopkins' poem "God's Grandeur" in particular demonstrates the tenets of biblical poetry.

Figurative language (161): Each of the sample poems contains numerous examples of figurative language, as this is a cornerstone of poetic expression. In Sample Poem 1, for example, Thomas writes that "my youth is bent by the same wintry fever," even though youth cannot be bent and winter cannot be feverish.

Figure of speech (161):

Implied author (208):

Implied reader (208):

Rhetorical figure (391):

Structural Elements

Rhyme (392): Out of the three sample poems provided, the use of rhyme is most evident in Sample Poem 2, as Hopkins writes "It will flame out, like shining from shook foil;/It gathers to a greatness, like the ooze of oil/Crushed. Why do men then now not reck his rod?/Generations have trod, have trod, have trod;/And all is seared with trade; bleared, smeared with toil;/And wears man's smudge and shares man's smell: the soil/Is bare now, nor can foot feel, being shod."

Rhythm (392): Each of the three sample poems demonstrates a particular sense of rhythm, as this is an...

In Sample Poem 2, for example, Hopkins stresses two syllables consecutively in the fourth line of the poem, "Why do men then now not reck his rod?," which serves to heighten the urgency of the question being posed to the reader.
Repetition (387): In the fifth line of the first stanza of Sample Poem 2, Hopkins writes "Generations have trod, have trod, have trod." This repetition of the phrase "have trod" is a structural element designed to emphasize the depth or scope of the poet's rhetorical focus -- in this case, the age old struggle of humanity aspiring but failing to reach its godly origins.

Refrain (383): A example of refrain -- in which a word, phrase or line is repeated at intervals -- can be found in Sample Poem 1, when Thomas asks "how" about something previously mentioned in the second, third, fourth and fifth stanzas.

Anaphora (16): This term describes the repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of two or more lines of poetry, and this structural element can be found in Sample Poem 1, when Dylan Thomas begins the fourth line of every stanza with the phrase "And I am dumb to…" Thomas also employs anaphora in the opening line of his first two stanzas, beginning with "The force that…"

Chiasmus (69): No examples of chiasmus -- or the inverse repetition of words…