Product Liability Tort
RISK AND RESPONSIBILITY
A tort is a civil wrong, loss or harm inflicted by a person's behavior upon another (LII, 2010). While it is not necessarily an illegal act itself, the law allows the person harmed to recover his loss or receive compensation for the harm. It differs from a crime wherein the person's harmful act affects society in general. A claim of tort may be filed in a civil court. The three main elements of a tort are duty, the breach of that duty, and the injury or harm caused by the breach. The four main types of torts are intentional, negligence, strict liability, and nuisance. One type of negligence torts is products liability (LII).
Products liability can be incurred by any or all of the persons involved in the manufacturing chain of a product for the damage it causes (LII, 2010; Lim, 2012). It may be the manufacturer of the components, the assembling manufacturer, the wholesaler, or the retail store owner. The claimant must prove the defect of the product. The three types of product defect are design, manufacturing and marketing defects. Design defects exist before the product is manufactured. Manufacturing defects occur during the construction or production phase. And marketing defects consist of improper instructions or failure to instruct and warn consumers of potential dangers in the use of the product. The claimant must also show or prove that the product was not altered from...
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