¶ … Sane
Sanity and insanity
"on being sane in insane places:"
Challenges to the convention definitions of what constitutes sanity and insanity
David L. Rosenhan's 1973 study "On being sane in insane places" was designed to question the seemingly secure divide within our culture between sanity and insanity. To illustrate the subjective nature of insanity, Rosenhan arranged for eight pseudopatients representing relatively broad demographic groups to claim they heard voices. After being committed, they comported themselves as normal within their respective insane asylums. The patients were instructed to get out using their own devices, and all tried to behave as sanely as possible, and to be cooperative and accommodating. None were detected as posers and all were discharged with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in remission. The assumption that the patients were insane colored the perceptions of the staff.
Interestingly, the hospital...
The fact that the actual patients detected a distinct difference between themselves and others, however, raises a question: clearly, there did seem to be some difference between the persons who had engineered their place in the asylum vs. those who had not. But what this difference was, precisely, no staff member could detect. None of the staff diagnosed the pseudopatients, reflecting what Rosenhan calls a 'Type 2' bias -- amongst medical professionals, it is far more common to assume that a sane person is insane or a healthy person is sick than vice versa. Patient outbursts were attributed to insanity, not to legitimate grievances and patients who wrote down information were said to be engaging 'writing behavior' rather than in a meaningful activity. Boredom likewise was pathologized, even though there was little to do…
