Ergonomic Design As Norman points out, solving a problem in ergonomic design is sometimes not as easy as addressing the issue/complaint brought to one's attention: usually, the real problem lies underneath where the "real issues" are and needs to be discovered through a deeper assessment of the situation (Norman 218). For this paper, a deeper assessment of the ergonomic design of economy class seats of Delta's B777-200, which can seat 268 passengers, is performed in conjunction with a review of Norman's Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 from The Design of Everyday Things and Chapter 11 from Bridger's (2009) Introduction to Ergonomics.

Delta's 31-inch pitch seats are right in the middle of the spectrum of major airline providers, with Jet Blue having the most pitch at 34-inches and Spirit coming in at 28-inches for a tight squeeze in the rows. Delta's economy class is a mid-level pitch approach to seating and does not provide optimum leg room, but in comparison with United and Spirit it could be worse ("Legroom: How airlines compare").

Pitch is, however, only one aspect of the seat plan that plays a factor in the comfort and safety of the Delta plane's ergonomic design. The width of 17.2-inches is more than an inch below that of Economy Comfort and nearly three inches below that of Business Elite ("Seat Map Delta Airlines Boeing B777 200ER"). The fit can therefore be tight for anyone with any girth to their bodies, but it is to be expected in Economy. In terms of safety, the seat harness attaches and secures in an easy-to-strap and easy-to-buckle manner, and during takeoff, landing, and turbulence, the dimensions of the seat give the passenger a feeling of security (due to the limited range of possible movement): in other words, the seats are snug and, when compared to those of Business Elite (which provide a full, flat bed recline for passengers) the exchange of space and the ability to recline for the feeling of being strapped in tight may be a welcome...

While passengers may take what they get, the arrangement of seats, with only one way access to the aisle (of which there is only one) does not make for the easiest arrangement when exiting the plane, and in case of emergency, severe backlog is likely. Delta could readily address the issue by reimagining the basic ergonomics of the layout. Instead of 100 rows of seats on either side of an aisle, Delta could reconfigure the seating so that the there are four long columns, with seats arranged back-to-back on either side: with one column facing the windows, with an aisle space between allowing for the passing of a cart, and the other column facing another aisle (allowing for a second passing of a cart) and then the same configuration opposite this aisle.
An example is illustrated in the below diagram. One can see two columns of back-to-back seats separated by an either down the middle with two outer aisles on the outer sides of the columns between the window facing and the passengers. This would allow more flexibility for crew and passengers, and gaps could be inserted within the columns so that passengers in the middle of the columns can more easily exit a column for the restroom or for evacuation. Such is one example of an innovative ergonomic design that could create room for passengers in Economy without sacrificing the…