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Many see themselves as a David fighting the Goliath (Kozinets & Handelman, 2004). 'Evil' is a common terms used to describe either the practices of corporations or corporations themselves or ends to which consumers use their money. Consumers are generally seen as being "unreflective, unaware, and amoral or immoral" (Kozinets & Handelman, 2004, p.698) and "incapable or disinclined to reflect on their own consumer behaviors from a systemic point-of-view and to insert social and moral criteria into their purchase decisions (ibid.). Some activists consider consumers to be dehumanized, and others see them (an extreme view) as being 'wicked' or' (more commonly) selfish'. What we have here, on the whole, is a black -- and white perspective of a 'good vs. evil' outlook. According to this perspective and returning to our third characteristic, it is no longer the corporation that is the adversary, as it was in consumer activism's early days,…
References
Campbell, C. (1999). Consuming Goods and the Good of Consuming. In Consumer Society in American History, ed. Lawrence B. Glickman, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 19 -- 32.
FoodNavigator.com. (2000). Consumer group attacks garlic health claim www.foodnavigator.com/Science-Nutrition/Consumer-group
Friedman, M. (1999), Consumer Boycotts, New York: Routledge.
Consumer Redressal Forum. http://consumerredressal.com/ConsumerRights.aspx
and, uchanan and Nader list the same laundry list of why corporations are trying to circumvent national laws, citing environmental, health-and-safety, wage-and-hour and civil-rights reasons.
Impacts on our border are also areas where uchanan and Nader express similar criticism of NAFTA. uchanan is concerned that the long-term objective of NAFTA is to erase all United States borders to create a merger of the United States, Mexico and Canada in a North American union stretching from Prudhoe ay to Guatemala. uchanan believes that NAFTA supporters ultimately want to create connections and institutions similar to those created by the European Union that would allow absolute freedom of movement between Mexico and the United States. He believes that this transformation would not be in the best interest of the United States. Already, uchanan asserts that, thanks to relaxed restrictions under NAFTA, our border with Mexico has already descended into a state of anarchy…
Bibliography
Buchanan, Patrick J. "CAFTA: Ideology vs. National Interests." The American Cause. 27 Jul. 2005. Available:
http://www.theamericancause.org/a-pjb-050727-cafta.htm (Accessed 10 Sept. 2006).
Buchanan, Patrick J. "The Fruits of NAFTA." WorldNetDaily. 10 Mar. 2006. Available:
http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=49201 (Accessed 10 Sept. 2006).
Tomorrow
On many occasions, civil liberties or civil right events have influenced the sense of social responsibility in the U.S. government. One of these was the March on Washington, which was one of many major protests in the early 1960s for civil rights for African-Americans. The rally occurred in 1963 in Washington, DC, and there were 200,000 people. The point of the march was to "shed light on the political and social challenges African-Americans continued to face" (Foner & Garraty, 1991). This is where Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his I Have a Dream speech. The march was a key event in changing the course of public discussion about civil rights, as it brought the issue to the mass consciousness of the American people. From that point, government was spurred to act to protect people's rights as it never had before. Less than one year later, the Civil ights Act…
References
FindLaw. (2015). Miranda rights and the Fifth Amendment. FindLaw. Retrieved November 11, 2015 from http://criminal.findlaw.com/criminal-rights/miranda-rights-and-the-fifth-amendment.html
Foner, E. & Garraty, J. (1991). March on Washington. History.com. Retrieved November 11, 2015 from http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/march-on-washington
MacQuarrie, B. (2014). Coast Guard hero watches 1952 rescue made into movie. Boston Globe. Retrieved November 11, 2015 from https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2014/11/14/coast-guard-hero-watches-rescue-made-into-movie/U6K0gx9yJ4iEDO4xBwtvgL/story.html
Martin, H. (2015). TSA reaches agreement on pat-down searches of black women's hair. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 11, 2015 from http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-tsa-reaches-agreement-on-patdown-searches-of-black-womens-hair-20150403-story.html
Bartoleme De Las Casas
An Analysis of the Activism of Bartoleme De Las Casas
Often characterized by modern historians as the "Defender and the apostle to the Indians," Bartolome de Las Casas is known for exposing and condemning as well as exaggerating and misrepresenting the violent practices of Spanish colonizers of the New orld against Native Americans. Marked by emotional polemic and often embellished statistics, Las Casas' voluminous works brought him both support and opposition in his own time. hile being harshly criticized as a threat to Spanish rule in America, De Las Casas was also continually financially supported by the Crown and offered high offices by the Church (Benzoni 48). Though more than four hundred years have passed since his death, the works of this controversial Dominican friar continue to elicit strong reactions from both detractors and defenders -- from both those who condemn him and those who praise…
Works Cited
Adorno, Rolena. "Discourses on Colonialism: Bernal Diaz, Las Casas, and the Twentieth-Century Reader." MLN, vol. 103, no. 2 (Mar., 1988), pp. 239-258. Print.
Alker, Hayward. "The Humanistic Moment in International Studies: Reflections on Machiavelli and Las Casas." International Studies Quarterly, vol. 36, no. 4 (Dec., 1992), pp. 347-371. Print.
Bandelier, Adolph Francis. "Bartoleme de las Casas." The Catholic Encyclopedia, vol.
3. NY: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. Print.
Another dream would be to expand outside Asia in the long-term and the Taiyo team should go into specifics (or at least into rough outline) about how to achieve this.
The Taiyo team should also discuss strategies for future competition
A related subject would be how to further increase shareholder value and improve company's operation
Finally, the Taiyo team should brainstorm ideas on how to improve cash flow and increase the value of the firm by changing the firm's placement of orders and terms of payments and receipts
3. What should Taiyo do about its position in Nicera?
I think Taiyo should increase its ownership in Nicera since Nicera has a quite positive future prospect. Moreover, Taiyo seems to be versed in the complicities of Japanese firms savvy and goes for the "smart guys who have good businesses, whose companies are not well-known, and we will work with them in…
Gilman was a social activist and herself experienced mental illness. These elements infuse her story "The Yellow Wallpaper" with greater meaning and urgency for Feminism and for plight of females then and now.
Gilman as social activist
Gilman advocates for woman. The woman owned by males and disallowed by husband, male physician, and brother from leaving the room becomes mad.
The woman is imprisoned -- locked in. Males stunt and kill her life. In the end she steps over them; Gilman is telling females to do so too.
Gilman's experience with mental illness and its treatment
Description of Gilman's experience
Elaboration of the haunting description of the wallpaper. Gilman's familiarity with the psychosis
E. Typical 19th century views/treatments of mental illness.
Description of contemporary treatment
b. Treatment of the character. It matched social beliefs and was created by males
Conclusion
How this knowledge enhances our understanding of the story and…
Sources
Bio.com Charlotte Perkins Gilman biography
http://www.biography.com/people/charlotte-perkins-gilman-9311669
Brainy Quote
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/c/charlottep402139.html#gXQCICbA9RaGTyI9.99 Charlotte Perkins Gilman The Yellow Wallpaper
Pinochet's Case is Not Yet Satisfying to Chilean and Human Rights Activists
Although hampered by internal constraints and challenges, the nation of Chile stands poised to enter the 21st century as a major player in the world's international community. On the one hand, the sound economic policies that were first implemented by the Pinochet dictatorship resulted in unprecedented growth in 1991- 1997; these policies have also helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. On the other hand, General Augusto Pinochet has been found guilty of the torture, disappearance, and murder of thousands of Chileans, including international citizens, but he has not yet been brought to justice. After Patricio Aylwin inaugurated a democratic presidency in 1990, he continues to bring excuses for Pinochet's actions or exercises control to avoid facing justice. Pinochet declared himself as Commander of Chief of the Army and afterwards, Senator for life in Chile.…
Works Cited
Blakesley, Christopher. "Autumn of the Patriarch: The Pinochet Extradition Debacle and Beyond." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 91.1 (2000): 1.
Ensalaco, Mark. Chile Under Pinochet: Recovering the Truth. Philadelphia:University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.
Facts on File. "Chile: Pinochet Ruled Unfit for Trial, Resigns." Facts On File World News Digest, 2002. Multnomah County Library, Portland, Oregon. 11 Jul. 2002. http://www.2facts.com .
Hawkins, Darren. "Universal Jurisdiction for Human Rights: From Legal Principle to Limited Reality." Global Governance 9. 3 (2003): 347+.
Carlisle Indian School: founded 1879; Indian boarding school; Pennsylvania; forced assimilation of native children; abuse of children
11. Cheyenne Tribe: Plains Indians; a Sioux name for the tribe; currently comprises two tribes; ties with Arapaho; hunters; ghost dance
12. ed Cloud: leader of Ogala Lakota; fierce warrior opposed U.S.; ed Cloud's War 1866-1868; Wyoming, Montana; became leader on reservation
13. Comanche Tribe: Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas, Oklahoma; Plains Indians; hunter-gatherers; about 14,000 remain; speak Uto-Aztecan language related to Shoshone
14. Joseph Brant: Thayendanegea; Mohawk; American evolution fought with British to help Indians; became Mason; active political leader for Six Nations
15. Trail of Tears: massive relocation of Native Americans; affected Choctaw, Cherokee and other southern Indians; move to Oklahoma Indian Territory; 1830s; related to Indian emoval Act; represented treaty violations
16. Pontiac's War: 1763; Great Lakes region; Pontiac was Odawa leader; war against British after Seven Years War; British…
Omnivore's Dilemma
In 2006, author and activist Michael Pollan published his classic treatise on America's agricultural abandonment, The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural history of Four Meals, which critiques the growing disconnect between the food we consume and the processes used to bring it to our plates in evocative and eloquent terms. By posing the seemingly simple question of what mankind should eat, Pollan disassembles the modern meal in methodical fashion, guiding the reader through the convoluted industry of industrialized agriculture, from the massive corn farming conglomerates that have largely replaced traditional family farms to the processing plants used to modify and preserve food products through artificial means. Much of Pollan's career has been dedicated to exposing what he has termed "the perverse economics of agriculture, which would seem to defy the classical laws of supply and demand" (2006), and throughout The Omnivore's Dilemma he returns to the idea that unrestrained…
References
Pollan, M. (2006). The omnivore's dilemma. New York, NY: Penguin Group.
Harriot Stanton Blatch Life and Accomplishments
Harriot Stanton Blatch was a noteworthy woman of the nineteenth century. Born in 1856 to Elizabeth Cady Stanton, the women's rights activist, it may be argued Harriot learned from her mother and followed in her footsteps to become a suffragette and advocate of gender equality (DuBois, 1999). Harriot was born in Seneca Falls, New York, the sixth of seven children (Anonymous, 2016). During her early years she received a good education, graduating from Vassar College in 1878 with a degree in mathematics (DuBois, 1999). She then went to Boston school for all Tory for one year, and a move to Germany where she worked as a tutor (DuBois, 1999). Following her return from England she met William Henry Blatch, who she married in 1882, and subsequently had two children. Unfortunately, one died at an early age, but the second; Laura Stanton Blatch Barney was…
References
Anonymous, (2016). Harriot Stanton Blatch. [online] Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/harriot-stanton-blatch-9215141
Clement, J. (2002). Harriot Stanton Blatch. [online] Available at: http://uudb.org/articles/harriotstantonblatch.html
DuBois, E C. (1999). Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Winning of Woman Suffrage. Yale University Press
Frost-Knappman, E., Cullen-DuPont, K., (2014). Women's Suffrage in America. New York, Infobase Publishing
The use of Black churches also enabled King's followers to follow the Alinsky radical precept that radical organizers must work to go outside of the frame of reference of the pro-segregation White enemy, to further upset and confuse the enemy. Southern White had no conception of what life was like in Black churches, for religion was segregated in the South, just as segregated as all other aspects of social life. Thus White leaders were thrown off balance by the calm and peaceful spirituals sung by King's marchers. The use of nonviolent marching and demonstrations in general was also powerfully upsetting to the idea that somehow Blacks were violent. The White enemy was prepared for rioting, not for peace along the equally pacific lines of the Indian activist Gandhi, King's professed inspiration along with Jesus' advice to turn the other cheek when struck by one's enemy in conflict.
Faced with nonviolent…
A fourth foundational element is the strength of the Starbucks brand itself and is ubiquity globally. As a result of rapid and well-defined strategies for opening up retail stores, Starbucks is now considered one of the most preeminent and strongest brands globally.
Starbucks has generated the strength of their brand through combining high-quality coffee and tea beverages with the third-place concept to generate customer loyalty and world-of-mouth among customers and their friends. It is common to hear students mention they will have a team meeting at the local Starbucks, for studying or completing projects.
In summary the Starbucks model is strengthened by the company's coffee expertise, impressive new product development record, and the development of Starbucks locations as "third places" where friends can meet and enjoy coffee and pastries. Underscoring all these points is the strength of the Starbucks brand.
What were the key issues and the decision by Starbucks…
References
Patrick Burnson (2002, December). Amsterdam's key role in Starbucks' global strategy. World Trade, 15(12), 40-41. Retrieved December 7, 2007, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 241805271).
Deutsche Bank (2006) - Starbucks Overview. Deutsche Bank Securities Research. New York, NY. 10 July 2006.
Geoffrey a. Fowler (2003, July 14). Starbucks' Road to China; Prime Locations Are the Key, but So Is Using Snob Appeal to Lure Nation of Tea Drinkers. Wall Street Journal (Eastern Edition), p. B.1. Retrieved December 7, 2007, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 369860271).
Jeffrey S. Harrison, Eun-Young Chang, Carina Gauthier, Todd Joerchel, et al. (2005). Exporting a North American Concept to Asia: Starbucks in China. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 46(2), 275-283. Retrieved December 7, 2007, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 832085141).
For countries such as the U.S. And France, these needs can be reasonably expected to relate to the respective national cultures involved. For instance, in their book, Education in France, Corbett and Moon (1996) report, "An education system needs to justify itself constantly by reference to the values which underpin a nation's culture. In a democracy it is expected to transmit a range of intellectual, aesthetic and moral values which permeate the curriculum and approaches to teaching and learning" (p. 323).
Just as the United States has been confronted with a number of challenges in recent decades in identifying the best approach to providing educational services for an increasingly multicultural society, France has experienced its fair share of obstacles in this regard as well. According to Corbett and Moon, "In societies forced to come to terms with change, values are always challenged. French society, like others, had to adapt to…
References
Atkinson, R.D. (2006, May-June). Building a more-humane economy. The Futurist, 40(3), 44.
Blanchard, E. & Frasson, C. (2005). Making intelligent tutoring systems culturally aware: The use of Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Montreal, Quebec Canada: Computer Science Department, HERON Laboratory.
Bryant, S.M., Kahle, J.B. & Schafer, B.A. (2005). Distance education: A review of the contemporary literature. Issues in Accounting Education, 20(3), 255.
Calder, J. (1993). Disaffection and diversity: Overcoming barriers for adult learners. London: Falmer Press.
Live Concet Analysis
How Doing Good Makes Us Feel Poweful and Poweless at the Same Time
Design Activism vs. Design fo Social Change
The Awakening Consciousness of Designes 1960's
Manifesto
Thee has been lukewam inteest in public sevice design, social impact and design activism. But in most convesations, all othe designs wok to enhance the standad of living of the people; some of it must be activism. The agument is seldom boosted by the notion that achitectue has been impacted by intellectual movements and ats fo instance, modenism which fuels an idea of a evolutionay society. These movements had ideal poposals fo society's efoms. They wee elated deeply to commece and aesthetics as well (Jose et al., 2008). Conside the diffeence between modenism and activism fo that matte. The modenism idea states that people stand equals to each othe, while society became united in evey aspect fo instance uniting laboes,…
references and charitable habits of Generation Y, Generation X, Baby Boomers and Matures. Convio and Edge Research. (2010).
Boehnert, J. "In the Front Line," Creative Review, October 2008.
Borasi, G., & Zardini, M. (Eds.). Actions: What you can do with the city. Canadian Centre for Architecture. (2008).
Brown, T., Sklar, A., Speicher, S., Solomon D. And Wyatt, J. "Design For Social Impact," (New York: The Rockefeller Foundation, 2009), 80-81.
Cowan, G. "Street Protest Architecture," Bad Subjects, January 2004.
KKR and the Art of the Steal Shareholder Theory and Buyback Programs
Introduction
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR) is an investment firm that acquires influence in a company by purchasing a controlling amount of shares or else a significant amount of shares that enable it to put pressure on the company’s board. KKR has made a number of large-scale investments and leveraged buyouts (LBOs) over the years, including the LBO of RJR Nabisco by KKR in the 1990s. In that instance, the firm anticipated a higher return on investment (ROI) than it ended up receiving, and KKR went back on its promise to keep RJR Nabisco’s assets intact, liquidating them so as to be able to move on to other investment projects (Leveraged Buyouts, n.d.). By using its capital to influence the way a company is managed, KKR has been able to influence outcomes for various firms in which it heavily…
References
Brunsman, B. (2019). P&G CEO Taylor, activist investor Peltz laugh off proxy battle as stock soars. Retrieved from https://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2019/09/20/p-g-ceo-taylor-activist-investor-peltz-laugh-off.html
Ewmi, P. F. (2005). Three models of Corporate Governance from developed capital markets. Lectures on Corporate Governance, December, 1-14.
Guinto, J. (2013). Who wrecked j.c. penney? D Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-ceo/2013/november/who-wrecked-jc-penney
Huddleston, T. (2014). A look at how some of the top investors, hedge funds spent the second quarter. Retrieved from https://fortune.com/2014/08/14/hedge-funds-quarterly-disclosure/
Leveraged Buyouts. (n.d.). RJR Nabisco—Case Study.
Light, L. (2019). More than Half of All Stock Buybacks are Now Financed by Debt. Here’s Why That’s a Problem. Retrieved from https://fortune.com/2019/08/20/stock-buybacks-debt-financed/
Neuman, E. J. (2005). The Impact of The Enron Accounting Scandal On Impressions Of Managerial Control. Academy Of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, S1-S6.
Seyhun, H. N. (2008). Insider trading and the effectiveness of Chinese Walls in securities firms. JL Econ. & Pol\\\\'y, 4, 369.
Social
There are many interesting political actors in the world today, some who challenge conventional thinking and others who reiterate the status quo. Though former Prime Minister Tony Blair is not always thought of as the most popular of public figures, in large part due to his involvement of the UK in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq he is a formidable political activist, for change. Tony Blair is clearly one of the most influential political leaders of the modern era. He demonstrates significant and sound reasoning in areas where many politicians and others seek to either look the other way or follow the popular reasoning of others. Blair became a political activist in the Labour party at a relatively young age and much that he went through within his early life molded his later opinions and strategies for change, especially with regard to environmental change and sustainable living and…
References
Blair, T. 2010, A journey: My political life. New York: Alfred A. Knopf
Radice, G. 2010, Trio: Inside the Blair, Brown, Mandelson project. London: I.B. Tauris.
The Office of Tony Blair, 2012 Website: http://www.tonyblairoffice.org/pages/biography/
Shirley Chisholm
An Analysis of the Life and Work of Shirley Chisholm
In light of the fact that black feminism has gained more of a voice in the last few decades it is important to remember the people who first brought the plight of the black woman, specifically, to the forefront of national public and political discourse. One of these women was Shirley Chisholm. She was the first black member of the New York State Assembly and the United States House of epresentatives. Many black women may not have regarded her ventures into the political realm as wise, her voice was could have been dampened by the need to remain diplomatic, because she could have done more good advocating the cause as just an activist. But, Chisholm used her platform to change the way many, both black and white, viewed African-American women. Her personal story was one of rising to…
References
Chisholm, Shirley. 1970. Unbought and Unbossed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2006. From Black Power to Hip Hop: Racism, Nationalism, and Feminism. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Hill, Levirn. 1993. "Shirley Chisholm." Pp. 90-99 in American Women Civil Rights Activists: Biographies of 68 Leaders, 1825-1992, edited by Gayle J. Hardy. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
Lynch, Shola. 2005. "Shirley Chisholm Fought the Good Fight." The Crisis, (January/February), 58.
Pearl Gibbs
Pearl Mary (Gambanyi) Gibbs (1901-1983) was one of the major political activists supporting Aboriginal rights in Australia from the 1920s all the way to the 1970s. The highlights of her work include organizing the key -- pickers strike in 1933, being involved in organizing the Day of Mourning in 1938, speaking for the Committee for Aboriginal Citizen ights, calling for Aboriginal representation on the New South Wales board, being the organizing secretary for the new Melbourne-based Council for Aboriginal ights, establishing the Australian Aboriginal Fellowship in 1956, being the first and only female member of the NSW Aboriginal Welfare Board in 1954, and establishing the Australian Aboriginal Fellowship in 1956 (Gilbert, 1983; Goodall, 1983; Goodall, 1988; Horner, 1983). This list of accomplishments is just a scratch on the surface of the life of this amazing political activist and leader. Her activism for the rights of Indigenous peoples was…
References
Attwood, B. (2003). Rights for Aborigines. Sydney: Allen and Unwin.
Attwood, B. & Magowan, F. (2001).Telling stories: Indigenous history and memory in Australia and New Zealand. Sydney: Allen and Unwin.
Celermajer, D. (April 22, 2005). The stolen generation: Aboriginal children In Australia human rights dialogue: "Cultural rights." In Carnegie Council for Ethics and International Affairs. Retrieved November 3, 2012, from http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/publications/archive/dialogue/2_12/section_1/514
Commonwealth of Australia (2012). Recognising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in the Constitution: Report of the Expert Panel. Retrieved November 3, 2012 from http://www.youmeunity.org.au/uploads/assets/html-report/index.html.
Same Sex Marriages Should Be Legally Sanctioned
Some of the most pervasive problems that exist within American society today are the problems of prejudice, stemming from fear of what is different and seems to be alien. Only by making what is alien seem to wear a more familiar, human face, can such deep-seated hatred be uprooted and destroyed. Prejudice, and the violence that is the result of such hatred, is particularly virulent against those individuals whom identify as homosexual, even if they wish to form stable and legitimate marital unions until death do them part. One of the reasons for this is because homosexuality is still seen as a vice, rather than as a legitimate bond between two loving people. The solution to this problem is to legally sanction same-sex marriages, giving same-sex unions equal legal and moral legitimacy as heterosexual unions.
Conservative opponents of same-sex marriages are quick to…
Works Cited
George, Robert P. (Nov. 28, 2003): "One Man and One Woman." Wall Street Journal. A8.
Thomas, Evan. (July 7, 2003): "The War Over Gay Marriage." Newsweek. P.38.
Assata Shakur's Autobiography
Assata Shakur is a member of the Black Panthers and an activist. She is also an escaped convict and has been linked to the Black Liberation Army (BLA). She was accused of various crimes between 1971 and 1973, and became the subject of a police hunt that reached across several states (Christol, Gysin, & Mulvey, 2001). In 1973 she was part of a New Jersey Turnpike shootout where she was wounded along with a trooper. Another trooper and a BLA member were killed in that altercation. Between then and 1977, Shakur was indicted in relation to six other crimes, including armed robbery, murder and attempted murder, kidnapping, and robbing a bank (Christol, Gysin, & Mulvey, 2001). Three charges were dismissed, and she was acquitted on the other three charges. Then she was convicted in 1977 on eight felony counts including first-degree murder for the New Jersey Turnpike…
References
Christol, Helene. Gysin, Fritz, and Mulvey, Christopher (eds.). (2001). Militant Autobiography: The Case of Assata Shakur in Black Liberation in the Americas. Berlin-Hamburg-Munster: LIT Verlag.
Shakur, Assata. (1987, New edition November 1, 1999). Assata: An Autobiography. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books.
Constitutional Amendments
Effective strategies after the 13th and 14th amendments
The 13th amendment to the constitution was widely welcome by many Americans and the world at large as it gave the surety of freedom from slavery in the legal standing of it. The most famous and important section of the Declaration of Independence read that "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable ights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." This was an assurance that the freedom of each person living in America would be guaranteed and that no person will live under the command or control of another person due to the race or color. Further, the 14th amendment came into place to entrench and ensure the equality among the Americans (Hole ., 2001). It was one of the…
References
Hole R.,. "The American Declaration of Independence of July 4th, 1776." 2001. Web
October 16, 2014 from http://www.historytoday.com/robert-hole/american-declaration-independence-july-4th-1776
Johnson K.V. & Watson E. "The W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington Debate: Effects upon African-American Roles in Engineering and Engineering Technology, 2014. Web. October 16, 2014 from http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JOTS/v30/v30n4/pdf/johnson
National Archives & Records Administration. The Emancipation Proclamation January
Anonymous is one of the groups that can be seen as participating in this form of hacktivism, as is ikileaks.
ikileaks is probably the best know hactivist site to the general public because of the sheer volume of political information that it has made public and because of the unapologetic nature of the owner of the site. This is unfortunate in many ways because it has given individuals a false view of what hacktivism is because Julian Assange seems to have been motivated more often by pique than by genuine political concerns for making the world a better place. This is not, as one might guess, how the ikileaks founder sees the nature of his mission.
ikileaks, like Anonymous, is based on the idea that information -- all information -- should be available to everyone. This is a radical claim, and indeed resembles radical claims made by groups in the…
Works Cited
"Analysis: WikiLeaks -- a new face of cyber-war?" Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/12/09/us-wikileaks-cyberwarfare-amateur-idUSTRE6B81K520101209 . Retrieved 8 May 2012.
The Atlantic Wire. http://www.theatlanticwire.com/technology/2011/07/did-lulzsec-trick-police-arresting-wrong-guy/40522/ . Retrieved 10 Mary 2012.
Castells, Manuel. The Internet galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, business, and society. Oxford: Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001.
Old-time hacktivists: Anonymous, you've crossed the line. CNET News March 30, 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
1st Amendment Issues
A highly controversial decision rendered on January 21st of this year by the Supreme Court, affirming the right of corporations and other organizations to enjoy consideration as "persons" and the 1st amendment protections afforded by that status, threatens to undermine the foundation of this country's democratic process. With their closely contested 5-4 decision in the case of Citizens United v. FEC, the high court's conservative members have effectively shattered existing precedent regarding the ability of corporations to channel shareholder funds to political campaigns. In their effort to protect the duly granted right of individuals to contribute money as a form of political speech and expression, the justices in the majority have effectively opened a Pandora's box of unintended consequences. By extending the rights held by individual citizens of this nation to corporate conglomerates and multinational entities, the Roberts court has redefined the menace of judicial activism once…
Their labor market position then becomes a matter of individual 'choice'....In Sweden, the definition of women's entitlements to welfare in family policies has changed dramatically since the early 1970s, away from the provision of benefits to them as mothers and toward benefits that they draw by virtue of their labor market status. Yet, paradoxically, the outcome of this shift has been the strengthening of policies that recognize women's needs as mothers. The framework of equal treatment on the basis of labor market participation supported by a full employment policy seems to have made possible the greater recognition of women's caring work in the family" (Lewis & Astrm 59).
In other words, Sweden is very permissive in granting paternal leave and day care to both parents, which benefits women, but men can also benefit from these policies, even though the greatest beneficiary of the policy may be women, as women have…
Works Cited
Baxter, Janeen & Erik Olin Wright. "The Glass Ceiling Hypothesis: A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia. Gender and Society. 14.2. (Apr., 2000):275-294.
Gustafsson, Gunnel. "Sustainable Pressure for 'Women-Friendliness' in Sweden." Political
Psychology. 19.1. (Mar., 1998): 43-61
Lewis, Jane & Gertrude Astrm. "Equality, Difference, and State Welfare: Labor Market and Family Policies in Sweden." 18.1. (Spring, 1992): 59-87.
As the world grows more affluent, it will want more, rather than less meat.
Additionally, meat raised on farms such as Salatin's will likely cost more money. Pollan dismisses this fact, stating: "For my own part, I've discovered that if you're willing to make the effort, it's entirely possible to limit the meat you eat to nonindustrial animals. I'm tempted to think that we need a new dietary category, to go with the vegan and lactovegetarian and piscatorian." Pollan calls the taking of the life of the animal a sacred, special act that must be done with reverence, much like ancient priests used to, and sees the human slaughterhouse at Salatin's farm to be a model for the future. If only people knew what went on behind closed doors, he says, "Tail-docking and sow crates and beak-clipping would disappear overnight, and the days of slaughtering 400 head of cattle an…
Work Cited
Pollan, Michael. "An animal's place." The New York Times Magazine. 20 Nov 2002.
http://michaelpollan.com/articles-archive/an-animals-place / [22 Sept 2012]
Fire is inherently associated with fear, although a major aspect of the action is the financial cost to the manufacturers and dealers and gaining attention. The aspect of political content may be more subjective. While it may be argued that the vehicles are legal, environmentalists may take a more ethical stance, arguing that was something is legal it is not necessarily mean that it is right. While legislation may force vehicle manufacturers to adopt more fuel-efficient standards for SUVs, it is possible for the manufacturers themselves to choose this path, adopting what the environmentalist may perceive ethical behavior. By creating a cost associated with continuing producing inefficient vehicles there may be a desire to create a fear that more attacks will occur, with the of these attacks possibly creating a motivation for the manufacturers to change, and for dealers to put pressure on manufacturers to change. In effect, environmentalists are…
Global Organization Researching Cultural Issues -- Amnesty International
Cultural relativism is the contention that "…human values, far from being universal, vary a great deal according to different cultural perspectives," and that human rights -- though they must be protected whenever that is possible -- are often difficult to secure in a culturally diverse world (Ayton-Shenker, 1995). Every human being has the right to his or her culture, including, according to Ayton-Shenker, the right to "…enjoy and develop cultural life and identity"; however the right to one's culture is "limited at the point at which it infringes on another human right."
This paper delves into how Amnesty International approaches cultural issues -- the internationally recognized moral right every culture has to practice its political, religious, and social traditions -- through its interactions with many governments and cultures outside the United States.
Amnesty International -- Cultural Issues it Inquires Into
Amnesty International…
Works Cited
Amnesty International. (2013). A Life Lost in Pursuit of the Truth. Retrieved September 9, 2012,
from http://www.amnestyusa.org .
Amnesty International. (2013). Our Work / Our Mission / About Us. Retrieved September 6,
2013, from
Block for Instructions
Issue facing a local community:
Limitations on soda consumption in New York City
One of the most divisive local issues in America does not pertain to gun control or education but revolves around that quintessentially all-American beverage -- the soft drink. New York City Mayor Bloomberg recently proposed limiting the sizes of "large sodas and other sugary drinks at restaurants, movie theaters and street carts, in the most ambitious effort by the Bloomberg administration to combat rising obesity" (Grynbaum 2012). While New York City's obesity rates are not as alarmingly high as elsewhere in the nation, they are still high enough to cause concern, specifically within demographics such as children, minorities, and the poor. Sodas have been the target of anti-obesity activists because of their minimal nutritional value and high caloric content. Under the proposal, sales of sweetened drinks larger than 16 fluid ounces would be prohibited…
References
DeNoon, Daniel. (2005). Drink more diet soda, gain more weight? Web MD. Retrieved:
http://www.webmd.com/diet/news/20050613/drink-more-diet-soda-gain-more-weight
Gross, Samantha. (2012). N.Y. mayor wants to limit soda drinks to 16 ounces. Philly.com.
Retrieved: http://articles.philly.com/2012-06-01/news/31960343_1_sugary-drinks-diet-soda-health-commissioner-thomas-farley
Today, overt discrimination has largely disappeared in urban areas, but in rural regions Dalits often remain excluded from social and religious life, although here too prejudice seems to be declining (omini (29 August 2008).)
In short, Dalits have made huge strides in the Indian system ever since the modern constitution forbade their discrimination. By 1995, for instance, 17.2% of jobs were held by Dalits whilst Dalits too held 10% of the highest paying jobs in the Indian government. In 1997, a Dalit, K.R. Narayanan, was actually elected as president. Dalits have been elected to the highest judicial and political positions, and, in general, their quality of life has attained similar metric to that of the quality of Indian life in general. Discrimination still seems to be persisting in mute desegregated forms but it also seems to be waning.
As regards the hijra, in recent years, Indian constitution attempted to repeal…
Sources
Damal, Swarnakumar (2005). Dalits of Nepal: Who are Dalits in Nepal. International Nepal Solidarity Network
Left Justified. 1997 Excerpts from the Constitution of India
http://www.leftjustified.com/excerpts-from-constitution-of-india
Hrw.org. 13 February 2007. "India: 'Hidden Apartheid' of Discrimination Against Dalits." http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2007/02/12/india-hidden-apartheid-discrimination-against-dalits
4. Dr. Michael Hanchard. Political science professor at Northwestern University. Dr. Hanchard may be the most important contact in academia for any aspects of the study linked to race because Dr. Hanchard has done extensive work in both comparative politics and transnational politics. Furthermore, Dr. Hanchard may be able to provide insight into research methodology because he has done research on black political activists in various locales.
5. Dr. Wesley Skogan. Political science professor at Northwestern University. Dr. Skogan concentrates on citizens as consumers and creators of law, therefore he may have valuable insight on political involvement.
6. Dr. Dennis Chong. Political science professor at Northwestern University. Dr. Chong wrote Rational Lives: Norms and Values in Politics and Society, in which he examined the interrelationship between how people's individual choices effect their social and economic realms. Because choice of residence may be one of the most basic social choices, Dr.…
Crisis at Footwear International
Case Summary
A multinational shoe manufacturing company has been accused of deliberately designing a shoe with an insole that is offensive to Muslims. Footwear International consists of a number of companies that are semi-autonomous with regard to operations, and are governed by boards of directors that include local business community members. The Footwear International company in Bangladesh experienced severe criticism from local activist student groups who interpreted the design of an insole to include the name of Allah. Further, the students charged the manufacturing company of being owned and financed by Jews, and somehow linked the entire episode to Salman ushdie. The designer of the shoe -- a devout Bengali Muslim who does not speak or read Arabic -- declared that the pattern integrated into the insole design was inspired by Chinese temple bells that she purchased. Further, the insole design had been considered and approved…
References
Bangladesh. (2011). CIA World Fact Book. Retrieved https://www.cia.gov/library / publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bg.html
People's Republic of Bangladesh. (2010). Department of State. Retrieved http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3452.htm
Husain, I. (2009, Fall / Winter). Pakistan & Afghanistan: Domestic Pressures and Regional Threats: The Role of Politics in Pakistan's Economy. Journal of International Affairs, 63 (1), 1-18. Retrieved http://jia.sipa.columbia.edu/role-politics-pakistans-economy-0
Stanton's Solitude Of Self
Elizabeth Cady Stanton's speech before the United States Senate in 1892 was the first major awakening of women receiving the right to vote, thus validating the equal rights for all people as written in the United States Constitution. The actual seed for the first omen's Rights Convention was actually planted when Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a well-known anti-slave and equal rights activist, met Lucretia Mott at the orld Anti-Slavery Convention in London; the conference that refused to allow Mott and other women delegates from the United States because of their gender. This refusal only infuriated the cause, many finding extreme commonality in anti-slavery and omen's Suffrage Movement (DuBois). In 1851, Stanton met temperance advocate Susan B. Anthony around 1851, found that they had a great deal in common and joined together in a three pronged approach to repeal or limit the sale of alcohol, emancipate the slaves,…
Works Cited
Baker, J. Sisters: The Lives of America's Suffragists. New York: Hill and Wang, 2005. Print.
Banner, L. Elizabeth Cady Stanton: A Radical for Women's Rights. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1997. Print.
DuBois, E. Woman Suffrage and Women's Rights. Albany, NY: New York University Press, 1998. Print.
"Elizabeth Cady Stanton's "Solitude" Speech." January 1892. Milestone Documents. Web. March 2012. .
Fifty Miles Tomorrow, terms
After one becomes familiar with all of the relevant primary source autobiographies that exist for Wilma Mankiller, William Hensley, and Geronimo, it greatly appears that in terms of culture shock, Hensley had more in common with Mankiller than with Geronimo. There are a number of salient reasons as to why this assertion is true. The first of these pertains to the time period in which these individuals lived. Hensley and Mankiller were both born at the midway point of the 20th century. Geronimo, however, was born in the early part of the 19th century. Although Hensley was born in Alaska and Mankiller was born in the continental U.S., the two both lived through and experienced the same zeitgeist. The thoughts, actions and sentiments of the time period in which Geronimo was born, however, was much different than those factors as they applied to the other pair…
References
Hensley, W. (2008). 50 Miles from Tomorrow. 2008. New York: Sarah Crichton Books.
gaining an understanding of Mary Crow Dog, what did you find most interesting about this chapter? Be sure to explain why you found it most interesting.
This chapter provides a lot of insight into gender roles and norms in the society, beyond learning about how these norms impacted Mary Crow Dog on a personal level. The phenomenon of child marriage, and of the lack of power women had over their own destinies, is evidence from the very first sentence of Chapter 12 "Sioux and Elephants Never Forget." The first sentence is tellingly written in the passive voice, when Mary Crow Dog writes about her marriage to Crow Dog. She writes, "I became Crow Dog's wife," not "I married Crow Dog," which would be the active voice phrasing. Mary Crow Dog purposely uses the passive voice because she was not even eighteen years old when she married. And more than that,…
References
Crow Dog, M. (1990). Lakota Woman. New York: Harper.
Mankiller, W. (1993). Mankiller: A Chief and Her People. New York: St. Martin's.
The victims of crimes are very important in the operation of the criminal justice system; this is because they are the ones who can lead the police to the offender. However, after the victim reports incidents to the police, provide vital information for the investigation and cooperate with the persecution of the offender and appearing in court when required, the criminal serves his time and the victim goes on with his life. Most may question the justice in this. According to the Victims of Crime Act 1994, the victims of crime are given better treatment during proceedings and are more informed and involved. Victims are treated with sympathy in a constructive and reassuring manner, and the victim (if the crime is violent) should be protected at all times. This may seem that the victim is well taken care of, and that the victim is in no way neglected, however it…
References
Carrabine, E., Iganski, P., Lee, M., Plummer, K., & South, N. (2004). Criminology: a social introduction. New York: Routledge.
Lanier, M.M, & Henry, S. (1998). Essential criminology. Bould Cohn, E.G., Farrington, D.P., & Wright, R.A. (1998). Evaluating criminology and criminal justice. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
er, CO: Westview Press.
Turner, M. (2008). Juvenile delinquency: causes and control, 2nd ed. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 39(3).
The main concern in virtue ethics becomes about a person's moral character. When people choose to develop their moral character, better virtues will be created, and thus there will be more people acting in virtuous ways in all aspects of their lives -- and this includes how they treat all animals.
One example to be considered when thinking about how a person with a strong sense of virtue might behave is to counter it with how a person with a strong sense of duty might behave. From a duty sense, if one were a livestock farmer, he or she might believe that his or her duty lies in what is best for the people because, after all, the job is about raising livestock for slaughter, which will then become food for people. Therefore, the first duty would be to humans and the second duty to animals (Panaman 20008) (which may…
Bibliography
Garner, R. (2005). Animal ethics. Cambridge: Polity.
Gruen, L. (2011). Ethics and animals: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;
1st edition.
Hursthouse, R. (2000). Ethics, humans and other animals: An introduction with readings. New York: Routledge.
Their philosophy was that immoral laws could be changed through the constitutional process and that even non-violent and civil disobedience was a form of lawlessness and that it is not acceptable to violate any laws even to achieve justice.
5.) According to Zinn, what were the achievements of the Civil Rights era and what has yet to be achieved?
Zinn acknowledges that the United States made tremendous progress in racism. However, he also warns that there are still many remaining areas of inequality between white and black society that have lasted much longer. In almost every measure of the quality of life, black people have fewer advantages than white people and they still face prejudice and discrimination. Zinn suggests that there is still a substantial amount of racism in the country that exists on more subtle levels that, in some ways makes it harder to address effectively.
1.) What is…
In this regard Pindell advises, "The city is a place in which diverse groups, distinguished by income, race, or other characteristics, engage in a competition for space. For some, efforts within the competition are focused on excluding certain populations. Suburban communities incorporate to separate themselves from cities; some individuals live within the protections of gated communities, and some localities engage in zoning practices designed to limit housing opportunities for low-income individuals" (p. 436). To help overcome these constraints to low-income housing developments, the World Bank recommends that to improve public investment (which affects productivity and therefore Brazil's economic performance), the government of Brazil should reform local master planning and subdivision regulations, building codes and zoning ordinances in an effort to increase the supply of land available for low-income housing projects (Brazil: Equitable, competitive, sustainable, contributions for debate, 2003). While the debate over how best to resolve the problems related to…
References
Black's law dictionary. (1991). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co.
Byrne, J.P. & Diamond, M. (2007). Housing, land tenure, and urban policy: The matrix revealed. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 34(2), 527-528.
CIA world factbook. (2009). [Online]. Available:
4. Explain each of Samuel Huntington's 8 cultural paradigms. What does this model for culture and civilization around the world have to do with terrorism? What are the implications for law enforcement if terrorism has deeper roots -- namely, rooted in a clash of civilizations? Also, what are the implications for American foreign policy in terms of our efforts to thwart terrorism?
First, the post-Cold War reorganization of nations causes conflicts between and among the resulting civilizations left after national fracturing. Second, the continued promotion by the West of quasi-Western values and political philosophy on the rest of the world antagonizes non-Western civilizations. Third, the deterioration of economic, military, and political power of the West facilitates increased resistance of other nations, such as in the Far and Middle Eastern societies (i.e. China and Islamic countries) to follow the international order established by the West in previous eras and to combine…
8. State the "law of the case" of each of the following: (10) a) Gonzales v. Raisch: ffirmed Oregon statute allowing doctors to prescribe controlled substances in assisted suicide and invalidated ttorney General's statutory interpretation that assisted suicide does not constitute practicing medicine..
b) First National Bank v. Bellotti: Invalidated Massachusetts law criminalizing corporate use of corporate funds to promote political agenda as a violation of corporations right to Free Speech under the 1st mendment..
c) Kelo v. New London: State power of eminent domain properly used even though taking of property inured to benefit of one private entity over another, because its effect was beneficial to the community..
d) darand v. Pina: Overturned Metro v FCC and decided that any type of racial classification used by any government agency triggers strict scrutiny.
e) Cole v. Burns International Security Systems: Employers may require employees to waive their right to litigate…
A b) Cole v. Burns International Security Company: D.C. District Court applies SCOTUS ruling in Gilmer, to uphold pre-employment arbitration agreements that meet the 5 elements of fairness articulated in Gilmer.
10. Respond to a colleague who asserts that we need to get rid of these liberal activist judges and replace them with conservative judges who interpret the law and do not make the law. (5)
The 2000 SCOTUS decision terminating the by-hand vote count then underway in Florida is a perfect example that "conservative" justices with no prior history of "liberal" statutory interpretation, in fact, make law, as evidenced in the way five "conservative" Republican justices effectively awarded the presidency to George W. Bush by their whim under the color of "judicial interpretation."
The Court did not address the issue of when, if ever, a province's public health plan under the Canada Health Act, .S.C. 1985, c. C-6, is required to provide treatment outside of those core services administered by doctors and hospitals because resolving that issue was not necessary for resolution of the dispute before the Court.
Minority: There was no minority decision.
Discussion: What is interesting about this case is that, for several years the government had been providing the type of ABA/IBI therapy that petitioners were seeking, though not to the extent that petitioners were seeking the treatment. They ceased providing the funding for the treatment, and their reasons for doing so were partially financial, but partially due to ethical concerns about the requirements of ABA/IBI therapy. First, ABA/IBI therapy is only successful in treating some children, so that children previously diagnosed with autism lose that diagnosis. Second, and perhaps…
References
Auton v. B.C. (2004), 3 S.C.R. 657.
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms § 15(1).
Dawson, M. (2004). The misbehaviour of behaviourists: Ethical challenges to the autism-ABA
industry. Retrieved October 29, 2011 from Sentex website: http://www.sentex.net/~nexus23/naa_aba.html
Jesse Jackson -- Minister, Civil Rights Activist, Author
The life of Jesse Jackson has always been associated with a strong belief in the Christian faith. His activism in the Civil Rights Movement -- like that of his mentor, Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. -- was based not just on social / racial justice, but in a powerful belief that God intended for all his children to be free, to have a chance at a good and decent life, and that heaven awaits those who fight for justice and fairness and live wholesome, productive lives. Among his many accolades, awards, and appointments, he was appointed "Special Envoy to Africa" by President Bill Clinton, and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2000 (Gale Biography). This paper sheds light on Jackson's career, his faith, his ministry and the impact he has had on American society.
Jackson's Early Life and Times
Reverend…
Works Cited
Burns, Roger. 2005. Jesse Jackson: A Biography. Chicago, IL: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Encyclopedia of World Biography. 1998. Jesse Louis Jackson. Retrieved December 14, 2011,
from Gale Biography in Context / http://0-ic.galegroup.com.
Frady, Marshall. 1998. 'At Random' Magazine's interview with author Marshall Frady. Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved December 14, 2011, from http://www.pbs.org .
Nursing
Is there a limit to one's professional obligation to the patient? Is that the same as advocacy?
Advocacy can be construed as a professional obligation to the patient, especially when advocacy is framed as an ethical obligation. There are therefore few limits to a nurse's ethical responsibilities to the patients, even though some situations may seem morally ambiguous. Many nursing researchers promote the concept of patient advocacy as "an ethic of practice," one that is an immutable part of the professional responsibilities of the nurse. (Gaylord & Grace, 1995, p. 11).
Are the characteristics of caring relevant to 2010?
The characteristics of caring are more relevant in 2011 than they were in 2010 or have ever been before, in part because of increasing patient diversity. Knowledge of the different concepts of health, healing, illness, and the role of the doctor helps make nurses more accountable to patient needs. Viewing…
References
Beyea, S.C. (2005). Patient advocacy: nurses keeping patients safe. AORN Journal. On FindArticles. Retrieved online: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FSL/is_5_81/ai_n13793213/
Gaylord, N. & Grace, P. (1995). Nursing advocacy: An ethic of practice. Nursing Ethics 2(1): 11-18.
Hanks, R.G. (2008). The lived experience of nursing advocacy. Nursing Ethics 15(4): 468-477
Vaartio, H., Leino-Kilpi, H., Salantera, S. And Suominen, T. (2006), Nursing advocacy: how is it defined by patients and nurses, what does it involve and how is it experienced?. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 20: 282 -- 292. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2006.00406.x
The third reason that I chose Marx is the apparently cyclical nature of change and restriction. The last century has seen some tremendous social changes. The 1960s Civil ights Movement and the Sexual evolution changed the face of modern America. However, there seems to have been a pendulum swing back to more restrictive behavior. It is now considered more appropriate to be openly sexist and racist than it was in the 1980s. In fact, propaganda has promoted the idea of the white, middle-class, Christian male as being the target of discrimination, even though this group still maintains almost all of the status-related privilege that it had prior to either of those movements, still getting more opportunities and greater benefits, as a group, than racial minorities, women, or religious minorities. One example of this is a chain e-mail I received that said something along the lines of "Dear God, why is…
References
Kreis, S. (2008). Karl Marx, 1818-1883. Retrieved March 2, 2012 from the History Guide
website: http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/marx.html
Vissing, Y. (2011). An introduction to sociology: Ashford University discovery series. San Diego: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.
Wolff, J. (2010). Karl Marx. Retrieved March 2, 2012 from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy website: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/marx/
The law, in its present shape, and operating ethically in fact stalls managers and companies from becoming socially accountable. The regulations make business purpose. Enterprises consider their obligation to the common interest involving functioning in accordance with the law and operating ethically. Abiding by the law comes at a cost. Directors and Officers provide scanty attention to the reality that these practices might spoil the common interest. Business law spread moral and social matters as immaterial, or as faltering impediments to the basic authorization of the corporation. External to the corporation, the impact is increasingly damaging. It is seen that the law that guides companies to purposely ignore damage to every other interest excepting those concerning the shareholders. When noxious chemicals are leaked, forests depleted, workers roll in financial distress, or communities ravaged through closure of factories, companies take these as inconsequential passing events beyond the realm of lookout. (How…
6. If it is true that companies that are more socially responsible achieve greater profitability than companies that are less socially responsible, the why is Levi Strauss, a very socially responsible company, losing money and market share and seeing a decline in sales?
Levi Strauss & Company known to be a very socially responsible company has been registering decreased profits and retrenching employees which appear to be an irreversible fast depletion in U.S. sales. The company is laid up with a dismal loss of boldness- heart attack in fashion industry parlance. Where did this boldness evaporate? It transferred to the same individuals who were relegated by the fashion professionals as "sociopaths" during the 1980s and 1990s. They are the children shooting girdle in the high-rise buildings, the break dancers ruling the roost in the high school halls, the children of abused garment workers born in America. It is the type of people who hardly ever came into the limelight of fashion billboards. Currently, boldness, remains within the youth preferring riot of colors and their adored hip-hop. Furthermore, in order that they ensure their continued business existence to raise their heads in the new millennium, Gap and Levi's should take that poise back. (From sweatshop to hip-hop: once ignored by fashion, youth of color become the focus of its marketing - Culture)
The inception of NAFTA during 1993 was considered adverse to the American firms like Levi Strauss. With inception of NAFTA the small and volatile jeans producing companies
Shen Tong, in his Almost a Revolution, provides the first autobiographical account of the student uprising in Beijing during the summer of 1989 to reach western audiences. The book as come under attack for being somewhat self-serving and Tong has been accused of attempting to "cash-in" on the tragedy that occurred at Tiananmen Square by publishing his own, insider's account.
Despite these accusations, Almost a Revolution is a valuable rendering of the student movement's atmosphere and ideologies because it comes from the perspective of those who were involved. It should be regarded as something of a primary historical source, in this respect; accordingly, we should expect it to be filled with personal and nationalistic bias, but this does not detract from its capability to illuminate the events that took place for those of us who were not there.
Accepting Tong's position with reference to the movement, other critics have noted…
Works Cited:
1. Abraham, Yvonne. "Cashing in on Tiananmen." Changing China, 1997. Available: http://www.bostonphoenix.com/alt1/archive/news/97/03/27/CHINA_6.html .
2. Palumbaum, Judy. "China and Inner Asia." The Journal of Asian Studies, May 1991. Vol. 2, Iss. 50.
3. Tong, Shen and Marianne Yen. Almost a Revolution. Boston: Haughton Mifflin Company, 1990.
Abraham, Yvonne. "Cashing in on Tiananmen." Changing China, 1997. Available:
They take nothing for granted, especially school. While in America kids are cutting classes and slacking off, children in the Dominican Republic soaked up every ounce of knowledge they could. They rose to the challenges posed to them by poverty and oppression. What I witnessed in a developing nation was the immense strength of the human spirit and the ability of all people to overcome adversity.
My experience in the Dominican Republic opened my eyes to social and political realities, and my time in the military school helped me to gain the discipline and courage I will need to succeed. Like Bernice Johnson Reagon, I hope to explore ways of helping others meet life's challenges head-on, helping them to discover who they are. I intend to accomplish my goals by studying law and working hard to change injustice, the greatest challenge of all. Thank you for your consideration.
hat treatments did the individual seek? ere any available at the time?
Reeve had to have a major operation a few days after his accident to replace the shattered vertebrae through artificial means. After his operation, he was put through physical rehabilitation and occupational therapy. Eventually he was able to move his wrist, fingers, and feet (Hecht & Hecht 2004). He could also breathe without assistance for up to 90 minutes. Intense physical therapy continued throughout the remainder of his life. Other treatments he received included: weight-bearing exercises, calcium supplements, and medication to reverse osteoporosis, or thinning of the bones which happens frequently to paraplegics.
Reeve sought further means of overcoming his disability, particularly with stem cell research. In this therapy, embryonic stem cells or, less often, adult stem cells are introduced to the damaged body which and allows the body to regenerate damaged tissue. It has been shown to…
Works Cited
Crews, C. (1998, May 3). The role he can't escape. Washington Post. Washington Post
Company.
Hall, F. (2005). Christopher Reeve. UU World: The Magazine of the Unitarian Universalist
Association.
intimidation and the choices that successful women have in finding their partners.
There was a time when women were thought of as a second class citizen. Only men worked in offices, fought in wars, ruled countries etc., men were responsible for providing the basic needs of the family. On the other hand women did all the work at home such as laundry, cleaning dishes, cooking food etc. omen were not allowed to have a corporate career. However as the time passed, the concept of equal rights picked up. Feminists' movements and human rights activist have allowed women to redefine the purpose of living. The term "It's a Man's orld" does not apply any more in the estern countries. Standards have changed along with the changing society.
The immediate questions that comes to mind after discussing the transformation of the society is that how have men responded to that change? Are…
Works Cited:
Ferguson, T.J., .Perceiving Groups: Prejudice, Stereotyping, & Discrimination. 2004. Retrieved from: www.usu.edu/psy3510/prejudice.html
Olson, James M., Zanna, Mark P. Attitudes and Attitude Change. Annual Review of Psychology, 1993. 44:117-54.
amazing or remarkable things take place. The remembrances from those days are so special they remain ingrained in the mind through the years. At any time of day, morning or evening, thanks to the workings of the mind, that particularly meaningful memory can be brought into perfect focus and the recollection of events on that day warms the human spirit and brightens the heart.
My special day was the day I met my love. That wonderful day and the time we spent together will always be the brightest reminiscence in my mind. The darkest memory in my mind will be the day he was killed in the streets of Tehran by the police. It was June, 2009, and millions of Iranians honestly believed that the results of the national election had been rigged. Before the election, the polls all showed that Mir Hussein Mousavi was leading and would likely be…
Health Care -- Impact Evaluation and Accountability
Accountability to stakeholders should be an integral aspect of any health-related government program. This is achieved by systematic and objective assessment of how a program's effectiveness, evaluation normally involves measuring and documenting a program's effectiveness; calculating a program's outcomes; documenting a program's execution and cost effectiveness; strengthening a program's impact. In the case of health-related government programs, the stakeholders to whom accountability is owed typically are those served by the program, those conducting the program, and those who will use evaluation findings to make decisions about the program. The importance of evaluations for accountability is underscored by the resources provided by state and federal governments for ongoing evaluations to ensure ongoing accountability to all stakeholders. Evaluation for the purpose of accountability can assist stakeholders and specifically those in charge of the programs in a number of ways, all of which in program continuation,…
Works Cited
Chatterji, M. (2008, Jan/Feb). Synthesizing evidence from impact evaluations in education to inform action. Retrieved on December 2, 2012 from search.proquest.com Web site: http://search.proquest.com/docview/216902584/13AC6E704D753569CAD/1?accountid=28844
MacDonald, G., Starr, G., Schooley, M., Yee, S.L., Klimowski, K., & Turner, K. (2001, November). Introduction to program evaluation for comprehensive tobacco control programs. Retrieved on December 2, 2012 from www.cdc.gov Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/tobacco_control_programs/surveillance_evaluation/evaluation_manual/pdfs/evaluation.pdf
Main State Legislature. (2009, January 2). OPEGA Home. Retrieved on December 2, 2012 from www.main.gov Web site: http://www.maine.gov/legis/opega/index.htm
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2011, November 10). Program Evaluation - DASH - Resources/HealthyYouth. Retrieved on December 2, 2012 from www.cdc.gov Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/evaluation/resources.htm
Du Bois
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was a pioneer of sociology and a forerunner to civil rights activists later in the 20th century. DuBois used sociology as a tool or lens for viewing structural problems in the society, especially racism and racial inequality. W.E.B. DuBois earned his degree from Harvard University and after that established one of the first sociological research centers in the United States, called the Atlanta Sociological laboratory.
One of the issues that DeBois explored was the phenomenon of "double consciousness." Double consciousness refers to the fact that whites assume they are the normative person, and so have a singular consciousness as an American. Black people, on the other hand, refer to themselves (and are referred to) as African-Americans. The difference is powerful when viewed from a sociological perspective, and can explain a lot about the identity that black people develop in opposition to white dominant…
Health Care Free
SHOULD HEALTH CAE BE FEE?
The following debate takes place between four individuals as follows: Dr. Barker, a public health sector physician with an experience of fifteen years; Ms. Gomez, a social activist working for improving opportunities and living conditions for immigrants to the United States; Mr. Walters, a journalist who writes on social and political issues in several newspapers and self-professed atheist; and Mr. Bucelli, a modern poet and novelist with strong humanist inclinations. All four are residents of the Green Springs Community and are recognized members of the community. The debate takes place at the community hall where the debaters are taking part in the annual debate challenge where they have been given the topic Should health care be free? Ms. Gomez and Mr. Bucelli support the proposition that health care should be free for all residents whereas Dr. Barker and Mr. Walters are against…
References
Abelson, Reed. "Health Insurance Costs Rising Sharply This Year, Study Shows." The New York Times. 27 September 2011: Web. 24 Sep. 2012. < http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/28/business/health-insurance-costs-rise-sharply-this-year-study-shows.html?pagewanted=all&_moc.semityn.www >.
Ball, James, and Denis Campbell. "More Patients Waiting Too Long for NHS Treatment." The Guardian. 14 July 2011: Web. 24 Sep. 2012. .
Bialik, Carl. "The unhealthy accounting of uninsured Americans." Wall Street Journal. 24 June 2009: Web. 24 Sep. 2012. .
CBS News. "The debate Over Health Care." CBS News. 20 June 2009: Web. 24 Sep. 2012. .
Communicable Disease - HIV
Since its discovery as a wasting disease, "gay-related immune deficiency" and "slim" in the mid-1980's, HIV has posed a significant health problem for the United States and the World. Initially considered mysteriously devastating, HIV ultimately caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands, yet failed to attract sufficient funding and attention. hrough the efforts of health professionals and activists, HIV was finally accorded the funding and attention it deserved. oday, HIV is addressed globally, federally and locally through multiple well-funded programs/groups and agencies.
History of HIV
According to the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, blood analysis showed that the HIV virus existed in humans as early as the 1940's and that HIV-1 -- the most common viral strain -- was transmitted from chimpanzees to humans at some point in the early to mid-20th Century (AIDS Healthcare Foundation, n.d.). In the early 1980's medical professionals noticed that a "wasting disease"…
The nurse's role in education about and prevention of HIV stems from his/her core value of becoming a knowledgeable, effective advocate for the highest attainable quality of patient care. This core value requires several key activities by nurses, presented here numerically but in equal order of importance. First, the nurse must become educated about HIV-related issues (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2012). Secondly, the nurse must make his/her voice heard. Nurses can make their voices nationally and regionally heard by: joining professional organizations that exert greater impact on the response to HIV / AIDS issues (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2012); contacting public officials (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2012); calling media attention to HIV / AIDS to the epidemic and in pressuring for a more aggressive governmental response (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2010, p. 4); taking a clear-cut stance on effective education and prevention (Association of Nurses in Aids Care, 2012). Nurses can make their voices locally and specifically heard by: participating in community programs, organizations and support groups dedicated to education, prevention and high quality treatment. In their professional lives, nurses can contributed to prevention by educating patients about the causes, prevention, treatment and day-to-day aspects of living with of HIV / AIDS. Some use a widespread approach, such as published materials like What nurses know…HIV and AIDS (Farnan & Enriquez, 2012); others directly address those issues with their individual patients, such as forming an alliance with the patient to enhance adherence to treatment (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2010, p. 47).
Community Programs / Organizations / Support Groups
As HIV / AIDS awareness increased, the numbers of community programs, organizations and support groups also increased. Given San Francisco's large at-risk gay/bisexual male population, for example, there are several key programs, organization and support groups. There is, of course, the San
Art Analysis: Art21
After reviewing the artists from Art21, the artists chosen are Pierre Huyghe and AI Weiwei as the subjects of this paper. The pieces the paper will be "This is not a time for dreaming" by Huyghe and "Forever" by Weiwei. Both pieces are installation pieces although the artists are not classified under the same grouping on the Art21 website. Weiwei is listed as "Featured in Change" and Huyghe is listed as "Featured in omance." Though they are not featured or classified in the same group, their respective groups are related. There are several different kinds of people in the world for whom change is romantic. Weiwei is a renowned activist as well as renowned artists. Artists typically have a deep passion within that they express via their art. Therefore, Weiwei could see the connection between romance and change. For the native Parisian Huyghe, romance may very well…
References:
Art21, Inc. (2012) Explore Artists. Available from:
Estonia Cyber Attacks 2007
2007 Estonian Cyber-war
This is the information age. In this age, the Internet has smoothened the progress of spectacular increases in global interconnectivity and communication. This form of globalization also yielded benefits for Estonia by improving the standard of living of its people. However, other than benefits, it has also ascended the availability of new weapons of confrontation for groups who have been seeking and opposing certain Estonian political measures and ideologies. The digital activists from the ussian land did the same to Estonia in May 2007 (Herzog, 2011).
More than 340,000 ethnic ussians reside in Estonia which means that the ussians comprise about 25% of the country's populace. Estonia gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Since then, the small country has been experiencing an unsteady and shaky relationship with Moscow (Lake, 2011, p. A11). Thus, Estonia and ussia share an extensive history of…
References
Ashmore, W.C. (2009). Impact of Alleged Russian Cyber Attacks. Baltic Security & Defence Review, 11, 4-40. Retrieved June 9, 2012 from http://www.bdcol.ee/files/files/documents/Research/BSDR2009/1_ Ashmore - Impact of Alleged Russian Cyber Attacks .pdf
Authority of the House of Lords, European Union Committee. (2010). Protecting Europe against Large-Scale Cyber-Attacks. Retrieved June 8, 2012 from the Stationery Office Limited website: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200910/ldselect/ldeucom/68/68.pdf
Czosseck, C., Ottis, R., & Taliharm, A. (n.d.). Estonia after the 2007 Cyber Attacks: Legal, Strategic and Organisational Changes in Cyber Security. Retrieved June 8, 2012 from http://www.ccdcoe.org/articles/2011/Czosseck_Ottis_Taliharm_Estonia_After_the_2007_Cyber_Attacks.PDF
Herzog, S. (2011). Revisiting the Estonian Cyber Attacks: Digital Threats and Multinational Responses. Journal of Strategic Security, IV (2), 49-60. Retrieved June 9, 2012 from http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1105&context=jss
Sociological Cultural Opinions
Jane Elliot's Blue Eyed/Brown Eyed Study
From viewing A Class Divided, reasonable personal impressions of Jane Elliot and her approach are that she was a courageous, pioneering educator who devised a lesson with an approach that was: timely, because it started immediately after Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s assassination and in the late 60's, which were culturally tumultuous in America's history; profoundly effective, because you can see the stunning impact it had on the students and, frankly, because it made some people angry at Elliot, which is frequently a good sign of effectiveness; and forward-thinking, because understanding other races and cultures is a pillar of diversity, which is now acknowledged to be nationally and globally vital. Furthermore, eye color was and is an excellent metaphor for race because it cannot be helped (unless one wears those awful-looking contacts) and it has no bearing on human capabilities.
Both…
Sustainability is a term that is often used in reference to environmental responsibility. This is the most common use of the term that many people have come to associate with "sustainability." Seldom do people consider sustainability to be associated with other areas of the business environment. Upon reading the article by Swartz (2010), two different connotations of sustainability stood out in my mind. The issue that Swartz addressed which created his very long day was accusations that Timberland was engaging in corporate irresponsibility concerning the environment. This is the only definition of sustainability that many people consider.
Swartz's reaction to 65,000 emails made me think about what I would have done as a CEO, if I had been the one to open my own e-mail inbox to find 65,000 angry emails. Upon reflection of Schwartz's response, I feel that he acted in the best way possible. First, he knew that…
References
Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 32-33 (and then continued on pages 122 -- 126). Story of Stuff ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLBE5QAYXp8 )
Porter, M.E., & Reinhardt, F.L. (2007). A strategic approach to climate. Harvard Business Review, 85(10), 22-26.
Swartz, J. (2010). "Timberland's CEO on standing up to 65,000 angry activists." Harvard Business Review, 88(9), 39-43.
separation of powers and federalism. How do these central architectural features of American government seek to support Thomas Jefferson's perspectives; "That government is best which governs least." Why from the view of many business executives is government "gridlock" good?
Separation of powers is that element of the American government designed to protect the nation from tyranny and to, as far as possible, keep the power of the nation decentralized. Federalism, while certainly not designed to promote tyranny, is designed to strengthen the power of the government to act and govern the nation, centralizing power into a strong formal national government. Each of these aspects of modern American government have different implications for business.
According to Thomas Jefferson, "That government is best which governs least." The separation of powers helps to assure that the different branches of the government balance each other sufficiently that no single branch can govern so much…
Fist, Stick, Knife, Gun
Fist Stick Knife Gun: A Personal History of Violence in America.
The book, Fist Stick Knife Gun: A Personal History of Violence in America, is a memoir told by the American activist Geoffrey Canada who gives his own personal account of what is was like to grow up on the streets of Harlem in the 1950s or 1960s. His account details his perspective of what it was like growing up in this environment where parents, peers, and sometimes even teachers preached the value of being tough. These kids were taught that the ideal response to violence is with more violence. Kids in this neighborhood were taught that they had to be strong and "take it like a man" if they were even confronted on any occasion. This culture of violence can be studied from many different perspectives.
However, the two I found to be the most…
Works Cited
Canada, G. (2010). Fist, Stick, Knife, Gun: A Personal History of Violence in America. Beacon Press.
Card, D., & Dahl, G. (2011). Family Violence and Football: The Effect of Unexpected Emotional Cues on Violent Behavior. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 103-143.
Hayward, K., & Young, J. (2011). Cultural Criminology: Some Notes on the Script. International Journal Theoretical Criminology, 259-285.