Andy Warhol Essays (Examples)

However, rather than to minimize the importance of the objects, the work of these artists asked their viewers to marvel at the complexity of the objects themselves. The viewer takes these objects for granted everyday, not considering them the true art form that they represent.

Defining the Pop Art Movement

Pop art is the art of the common person, yet seldom does it appeal to the common person. Pop culture stands outside of the ordinary and views the everyday with a sense of wonder and amazement that few in the everyday world see. Both arhol and Duchamp saw the artificial nature of the world around us. arhol and Duchamp bring life to the mundane. However, arhol saw his art as a commodity, as much as the objects in the paintings. Duchamp focused on his own self-expression as the sole reason for the creative act.

Duchamp's art was more conceptual than…

Works Cited

Ross, a. In 'Uses of Camp' No Respect: Intellectuals and Popular Culture. (New York: Routledge, 1989), p. 152.

Tompkins, C. Duchamp: A Biography (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1996), p. 415.

Warhol, a. The Philosophy of Andy Warhol - From a to B. And Back Again (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1975), pp. 133-134.

Flatley, J. 'Warhol Gives Good Face: Publicity and the Politics of Prosopopeia.' POPOUT: Queer Warhol, Jennifer Doyle, et al. (eds.) (Durham: Duke University Press, 1996), p. 109.

But the cool tone of the images in arhol's works is one reason why a viewer might be tempted to read a kind of backhanded affection for advertising and consumption in arhol's series, as well as satirical parody. hat Hughes calls this affectlessness, a fascinated and yet indifferent take on the object, arhol does not obviously express a point-of-view, rather he simply deploys sameness in different contexts -- advertising in an art gallery, movie stars tinted with flat paints. hether he does this with love as well as humor might be possible, but because there is such a visual parallel between the parody or the art and the real, it is hard to assign a definitive tone, other than coolness, to arhol.

For instance, a viewer might ask, is there, in the repetition of stars' faces such as Elizabeth Taylor, Jackie O. And of course Marilyn, as well as Marlon…

Works Cited

Baker, D.S. "Jeff Koons and the Paradox of a Superstar's Phenomena," Bad Subjects, Issue 4: February 1993. http://eserver.org/bs/04/Baker.html

Eldredge, Charles C. "Warhol, Andy." World Book Online Reference Center. 2005. World Book, Inc. 6 Jan. 2005. http://www.aolsvc.worldbook.aol.com/wb/Article?id=ar591910.

Hughes, Robert. American Visions. New York: Knopf, 1997.

The Jeff Koons Handbook. London: Thames and Hudson, 1993.

Andy Warhol and the irmingham Race Riot

Andy Warhol is considered one of the most important and influential artists of the Twentieth Century. His art focused not only on creating new modes and styles of artistic expression but they also functioned as insightful social critiques and commentary. To a large extent all of his artworks are an oblique and sometimes harshly direct unveiling of modern consciousness, society and the media. He was famous for using the techniques and styles of the media to expose the harsh realities of the society around him. However it is in the directly political works and images of society's violence and discrimination that he is at his most expressive and influential as an artist.

Andrew Warhola, was born August 6, 1928 in Pittsburg. He came from a deprived background and was eventually able to attend a commercial design course at Pittsburgh's Carnegie Institute of Technology.…

Bibliography

Andy Warhol (1928-1987) November 1, 2005.  http://www.balloon-painting.de/ewarhol.htm 

Andy Warhol. October 31, 2005. http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Metro/5252/warhol.htm

Lindsay T. Segregation Protests in Birmingham, Alabama. November 1, 2005 http://www.gfsnet.org/msweb/sixties/birmingham.htm

Birmingham -- 1963. October 31, 2005.

Coplans, John. Andy Warhol. England: The Curwen press, 1989

Kinsman, Jane, "Soup can mania." Artonview, no. 49 (2007): 38-9.
http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/hww/results/resultssinglefulltext.jhtml;hwwil
sonid=HJWLOMQXHRMITQA3DIMCFF4ADUNGIIV0

Ratcliff, Carter. Andy Warhol. New York: Abbeville Press, 1983.

Revy, Louisiana. Andy Warhol and his world: Nykredit, 2000

Image Source

Image 1 :
http://www.rock-hill.k12.sc.us/schools/elem/odes/soupcan.jpg

Image 2 :
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://pro.corbis.com/images/AALX0010
26.jpg%3Fsize%3D67%26uid%3D%2575C9E6A2C-32F-48FF-852F-
A584E4902C13%257D&imgrefurl=http://pro.corbis.com/search/Enlargement.aspx%3F
CID%3Disg%26mediauid%3D%2575C9E6A2C-32F-48FF-852F-
A584E4902C13%257D&usg=dRWPEt3QhPV8UFoVwWUAgU2DCY=&h=480&w=602&sz=131&hl=e
n&start=18&um=1&tbnid=N8ZN8V12EzHM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Da
ndy%2warhol%2coca%26hl%3Den%26um%3D1

Image 3 :
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.flickernail.com/.a/6a00d83
455fcc969e2010536e658d5970b-
800wi&imgrefurl=http://www.flickernail.com/.a/6a00d83455fcc969e2010536e658d5
970b-
popup&usg=rTgof6rDfVDvr1D73oDbYEgHrAw=&h=482&w=480&sz=60&hl=en&start=3&um=
1&tbnid=Is6uZh0a-
RppqM:&tbnh=129&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dandy%2warhol%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN
%26um%3D1

Image 4 :
http://i278.photobucket.com/albums/kk83/arcadiarose/my%20signature/Andy-
Warhol-Elvis--1963--double-Elv.jpg

Bibliography

Bauer, Claudia. Andy Warhol. Nw York: Prestel, 2004.

Coplans, John. Andy Warhol. England: The Curwen press, 1989

Kinsman, Jane, "Soup can mania." Artonview, no. 49 (2007): 38-9.
 http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/hww/results/resultssinglefulltext.jhtml;hwwil 
sonid=HJWLOMQXHRMITQA3DIMCFF4ADUNGIIV0

The argument that I have been making is a twofold one. The first branch of this argument is that Pop Art, while it incorporates ordinary images and commercial motifs and tropes just as does commercial design, it does so in different ways and for different reasons than does purely commercial work. It is because the motivations of the Pop Artist (and I suppose we might say of the art objects themselves) are so different from the motivations of commercial designers that Pop Art must qualify as art. Rather than simply giving his audiences pretty pictures, arhol made them work to understand his creations -- and this seems to me to be a pretty good definition of what art is and what the artist does. And once this condition is met, it really does not matter how much (if any) money the artist makes from the work.

Yes, arhol ended up…

Works Cited

Davies, Stephen. The Philosophy of Art. New York: Wiley-Black, 2006.

Madoff, Stephen Henry. Pop Art: A Critical History. Berkeley: U. Of California Press, 1997.

Sandler, Irving. Abstract Expressionism and the American Experience: A Reevaluation. New York: Hudson Hills Press, 2009.

Warhol, Andy. Andy Warhol: Art from Art. Berlin: Schellmann, 1994.

On some level, all art tells the viewer something about its sociological context. A painting by Vermeer says much about gender roles and norms in Flemish society; just as a painting by arhol says much about consumerism in American society.

One irony that Bennett points out is, "Art collectors have paid millions of dollars for some of arhol's pieces, but shoppers at Target, where the limited-edition soup cans are on sale, will have to shell out only 75 cents for a 10.75-ounce can." arhol's art is the ideal bridge between "low" and "high" art, evidenced by this differential in pricing. The "authentic" painting by arhol is worth millions, but the authentic item that arhol depicted on the canvas is only worth 75 cents. Consumers place a high demand on something that is deemed valuable and irreplaceable, but not as high of a demand on food.

Andy arhol's "100 Cans" points…

Works Cited

Albright-Knox Gallery. "100 Cans." Retrieved online:  http://www.albrightknox.org/collection/collection-highlights/piece:100-cans/ 

Bennett, Katherine Dorsett. "Andy Warhol's '15 Minutes' of Fame are not up yet." CNN. 5 Spet, 2012.  http://www.cnn.com/2012/09/05/living/campbell-soup-company-andy-warhol 

Vogel, Carol. "Warhol Soup Cans, Now at Your Local Target." New York Times. Retrieved online:  http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/03/warhol-soup-cans-now-at-your-local-target/

Humanities

Importance of the humanities in the professions:

A comparison of "Paul's Case," Muriel's Wedding and Andy Warhol's rendition of Marilyn Monroe

The modern concept of 'celebrity' is that anyone can be famous, provided that he or she embodies an ideal of glamour, using material trappings like clothing and possessions to show his or her 'specialness.' This is a common method of 'selling' a particular product in business.

The idea is paradoxical -- on one hand, celebrities are special, on the other hand the media suggests everyone can be a celebrity and 'famous for 15 minutes' if they buy the right item.

This can be seen in "Paul's Case" by Willa Cather, about a boy who feels as if he is above his classmates.

Paul desires to have a celebrity-like status, based upon his perceptions of himself as having innately refined tastes.

But this costs money, and Paul is unwilling…

References

Andy Warhol's Marilyn prints. Web Exhibits. Retrieved October 11, 2011 at  http://www.webexhibits.org/colorart/marilyns.html 

Cather, Willa. Paul's case. Retrieved October 11, 2011 at  http://www.shsu.edu/~eng_wpf/authors/Cather/Pauls-Case.htm 

Muriel's Wedding. (1994). Directed by P.J. Hogan.

Saari, Rob. (1996). "Paul's case": A narcissistic personality disorder. Studies in Short

Art can come in many shapes, sizes, and mediums, yet one thing that all art has in common is its ability to connect to individuals and enable them to experience catharsis, that is illicit an emotional response. Some of the most awe-inspiring works of art are architectural such as the Lincoln Memorial, which bookmarks the National Mall in Washington, D.C.

The Lincoln Memorial is impressive and its sheer magnitude and size was unexpected. Walking up to the memorial, I realized that it was much larger than I had anticipated and that much like a temple, the actual memorial is located at the top of a series of steps. It was nothing like looking at the back of a penny or a five-dollar bill. The Lincoln Memorial successfully combining the concepts of form and function through its structure (Pearson Publication, Inc., 2009, p. 164). The memorial itself was designed by Henry…

Bibliography

National Parks Service. (2012). Lincoln Memorial design individuals. Accessed 21 August 2012,

from  http://www.nps.gov/linc/historyculture/lincoln-memorial-design-individuals.htm .

Pearson Publications Inc. (2009). Chapter 5: Art. The Art of Being Human: The Humanities As A

Technique For Living, pp. 114-169.

Rodney Graham -- ho ill he become next?

Rodney Graham is a Canadian artist, born in Vancouver in 1949. But he could be anyone -- or so his art suggests. In Fishing on the Jetty, 2000, the Rodney Graham renders himself into his on text as a filmed subject. In this film/performance art piece, the vieer is itness to the sight of Graham playing Cary Grant in his on nautical version of Alfred Hitchcock's 'To Catch a Thief.' Graham, ithin the context of the piece is himself, is the character of Grant, and is also the persona portrayed by 'Cary Grant,' the sublimely artificial romantic lead of the 1930's classical film in a ho-done-it about mistaken identity, a film here the actor portrays a constantly misleading man ith a shape-shifting identity.

In much of his ork, hich straddles the line beteen film and photography, Graham is both creator and subject,…

works cited in paper.

Hickey, Dave. "Rodney Graham." From About place: recent art of the Americas Edited by Madeleine Grynztejn, 2003.

Parkett. 2004 Edition for Rodney Graham Exhibition at MOCA, 2004.

Spira, Anthony. "Interview with the artist: Rodney Graham." 2003.

 http://www.whitechapel.org/content461.html

dialogue between theory and praxis has changed since the 60s.

Dialogue between Theory and Praxis since the 1960s

Jeff Koons is among the most controversial and intriguing artists to have emerged in the past decade. Like Marcel Duchamp and Andy Warhol before him, he is concerned with the transformation of everyday objects into art and takes such post-modern issues as high and low culture, context, and commodification of art as the central focus of his work (erger 1995).

From the November / December issue of At the Modern, the publication of the San Francisco MoMA, "It's the most important visual arts exhibition in San Francisco this year" (The San Francisco Examiner 1992).

Jeff Koons, the self-proclaimed "most written-about artist in the world," now headlining at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, has indubitably attained a certain "star" status. However, the Koons phenomenon - Koons himself, his objects, and the…

Bibliography

Berger, J. Ways of Seeing. New York: Viking Books, 1995.

Burger, P. "Avant-garde." Encyclopedia of Aesthetics. 185-189.

Debord, G. The Society of the Spectacle. Zone Books, 1994.

Marcus, G. Lipstick Traces. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990.

Borders: Visible and Invisible-Presentation of 3 Artworks

Borders of gender: Artwork that questions the way women are represented

Depicting the female form has been central to the development of estern art, yet women have often been denied the means to create art themselves. ithin the works of postmodern feminist artists like Barbara Kruger, the assumptions of what constitutes 'great art' and appropriate ways of representing women are questioned. Kruger takes existing photographs and images of popular culture and reconstitutes them into collages. Kruger, much like male artists before her like Manet and Andy arhol, reconfigures conventional ways of depicting the female body to cross the borderlines of what is considered art, appropriate sexuality, and appropriate ways of representing women.

This is seen in one of Kruger's most famous works entitled Your Body Is a Battleground. The work gets its title from the literal words that are cut out and transposed…

Works Cited

"Andy Warhol's Marilyn prints." Web Exhibits. [27 Jul 2012]

 http://www.webexhibits.org/colorart/marilyns.html 

"Barbara Kruger." Art History Archive. [27 Jul 2012]

 http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/feminist/Barbara-Kruger.html

Therefore, Warhol offers a visual juxtaposition of capitalism and the arts.

ichard Hamilton used multimedia, collage, and three-dimensional objects in his work to capture the essence of popular culture. Hamilton's collage "Just What is it that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?" is a seminal piece of pop art, offering subtle critique of the American Dream, of typical gender roles, and of consumerism. obert auchenberg's work, like Hamilton's, uses multimedia to convey the infiltration of materialism into popular culture.

Jasper Johns' work appears more directly political, based on his liberal use of the American flag and similar iconography in painting. Johns' incorporation of American nationalism into the pop art equation adds a special nuance to the genre, revealing searing and satirical political undertones. Johns suggests that former symbols of national conscience have become misappropriated, downgraded to consumer emblems. The use of the flag and American map in his art…

Reference

"Le Pop Art." Centre Pompidou. Retrieved Aug 8, 2008 from  http://www.centrepompidou.fr/education/ressources/ens-popart-en/ens-popart-en.htm 

Osterwold, T. Pop Art. Taschen, 2003.

Mull over the relationship between art and popular culture since 1950. Focus your discussion on 3 or 4 artists.

The world of art has seen two distinct trends in recent decades since the mid-20th century. On one hand, high art has become less central to most people's lives. Other, more visceral forms of popular media have claimed the attention of the public in the incarnations of photography, film, and television. There is no longer a reliance upon visual representations such as sketching and painting to commemorate historical and personal occasions. But as a result of this divide between popular and high culture and the increasing significance of pop culture, high art has begun to adopt many themes and even the visual style of many popular works to justify its existence. As pop culture becomes part of every person's framework of reference, the elements of pop art have been co-opted and…

Works Cited

"Andy Warhol." The Art Story. Web. 17 Dec 2014.

"Barbara Kruger." The Art History Archive. Web. 17 Dec 2014.

Busche, Ernst A. "Roy Lichtenstein." Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press, 2009.

"Jackson Pollock: Early photos of the action painter at work." Time. Web. 17 Dec 2014.

Later, perhaps inevitably as a consequence of his fascination with cinema, arhol began to make films and to engage in non-static works of performance-based art ("Andy arhol," PBS: American Masters, 2006).

In such art of the 1950s the way in which the art was perceived was as equally important as the image of the art. Disposable and even trashy images and products could be, with the use of irony and a performance space that put the works in 'quotations,' turned into artistic works, to make a statement about American popular culture. Not all Pop Art 'happenings' were inspired by cinema, however. For example, Claus Oldenberg 1961 created a plastic 'store' of manufactured goods, like pies, that reminded him of his childhood general store: "Unlike the slick, mechanical appearance of some pop art, they [the pies] are splotchy and tactile. Oldenburg's manipulation of scale and material unsettle our expectations about the…

Works Cited

Andy Warhol." PBS: American Masters. 20 Sept 2006. 25 Mar 2008.  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/warhol_a.html 

Teaching Art Since 1950." National Gallery of Art. 199. 25 Mar 2008.  http://www.nga.gov/education/classroom/pdf/artsince1950.pdf 

Un Chien Andalou." Salvador Dali and Louis Bunuel. 1929.

Varendoe, Kirk. Online NewsHour: Jackson Pollock. 11 Jan 1999. 25 Mar 2008.  http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/entertainment/jan-june99/pollock_1-11.html

Art and Architecture

Architecture and Art

In a recent visit to Chicago, I observed the Chicago Picasso which was a gift to the city by the famed artist Pablo Picasso. Located in the downtown Chicago loop, the monument stands 58 feet tall, weighs 162 tons and is constructed of Cor-Ten (corrosive tensile) steel. Pablo Picasso gave this massive work of art to the city of Chicago, even though he'd never been to the city, and never went during his lifetime. The unpaid work was based on a 42-inch-tall version Pablo crafted. It was later executed by U.S. Steel Corporation ("Chicago Sculptures," 2011).

It is reported that Pablo Picasso never named his creation nor gave an explanation as to what it represents. The 3-D piece of art looks different from every angle. People have stated that it resembles a baboon; mainly because of the close-set eyes and flaring nostrils. Also, the…

References

Chicago Sculptures. (2011). Professional Safety, 56(4), 64.

Cunningham, B. (2011, June 5). City in Bloom. New York Times. p. 4.

The Warhol Bubble. (2012). Wilson Quarterly, 36(1), 72-73.

Windy City Windfall. (1966). Time, 88(13), 83.

American Popular Music (Lady Gaga)

The question of originality in popular music is a vexed one. To choose a convenient and current example, when Justin Bieber sings about his "baby," listeners are not meant to hear any kind of deliberate allusion to the Supremes' "Baby Love" or any other previous songs which include "Baby" as part of their lyrical hook: Bieber's charming faux-naivete cannot be mistaken for anything other than a rhetorical willingness to utilize the regular tropes and language of a standard love song. But with some performers, the matter of originality -- together with the question of influence -- is one that must be addressed. I would like to look, in this context, at the work of Stefani Germanotta, the twenty-four-year-old singer and composer better known by her stage name "Lady Gaga." I would like to examine Lady Gaga's oeuvre with three separate areas of inquiry kept in…

Works Cited

Brand, Katy. "No Pants." Katy Brand's Big Ass Show, Episode 1 (ITV-2, UK). Airdate 10 September 2009. Accessed on YouTube 13 March 2011 at:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJKGtFNwxs8 

Germanotta, Stefani ("Lady Gaga"). "Just Dance." The Fame, 2008. CD.

Grigoriadis, Vanessa. "How Lady Gaga Became the World's Biggest Pop Star." New York Magazine, 28 March 2010. Accessed on 13 March 2011 at:  http://nymag.com/arts/popmusic/features/65127/ 

Koestenbaum, Wayne. Andy Warhol. New York: Viking, 2001. Print.

This work was in effect an environment in which the viewer could interact with the artwork. It consisted of a Twenty- two foot long city bus complete with passengers, a working coin box, and a driver who turns to greet each new viewer. Grooms was also to create

The Tennessee Fox Trot Carousel, which consisted a fully operational carousel featuring 36 figurines and 28 scenes from his native home state of Tennessee.

RED GROOMS - an ARTIST for ALL REASONS)

There are many critiques and evaluations of the work of Red Grooms. hile his work varies extensively in terms of medium and size, his most popular and well-known weeks are the hallmark three-dimensional creations that have a "... high-spirited animated quality (RED GROOMS - an ARTIST for ALL REASONS) the following description of his work for the Christian Science Monitor sums up much of the popular response to these works.…

Works Cited www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104400293

Alloway, Lawrence. Topics in American Art since 1945. New York W.W. Norton, 1975. Questia. 16 Mar. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104400295 .

A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000178349

Cole, Elizabeth. "What's All the Ruckus, Red Grooms?." School Arts Jan. 1994: 23+. Questia. 16 Mar. 2008  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000178349 .

Contemporary art, uncovered: a survey of major newspapers and weekly magazines suggests that visual art is steadily losing ground in the popular press, even as its audience -- and market -- grows exponentially. March 11, 2008.  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1248/is_2_95/ai_n17216563/pg_9  www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000251104

Indeed, Rodrigue was very pleased to be commissioned in this way. Another artist who followed this trend was Yuri Gorbachev, painting the bottle during the early 1990s. After this, the artist created a "Christmas present" for tolichnaya. This proved so successful that the company retained this artistic service on a yearly basis. Many of these ads have found their way into collectors' homes, where they are framed and displayed. In this way, the boundaries between art and advertising have blurred even further.

The success of such advertisements, along with the associated respect for the artists involved, is indicative of consumer reaction to such advertising. The reason for this is ascribed to the qualities of fine art: the quality, strength and emotion associated with art is communicated to the product being advertised, which finds its way into the consumer heart and mind on a multiplicity of levels. Using art in this…

Sources

AbsolutAd.com. (2003). From the Fine Art of Advertising to the Advertising of Fine Art.  http://www.absolutad.com/absolut_about/history/advertising/ 

Admedia Solutions Ltd. (2007). Magazine Advertising Trends - the story so far. http://www.myadbase.com/cgi-bin/guide.cgi?page=magazine_adverts_trends

Tarateta, Maja. (2001, April). Advertising & Art: A modern-Day Marriage. Art Business News.  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HMU/is_4_28/ai_73063938

Artists Since 1945

hat are the influences and events that caused Abstract Expressionism to develop? hat are the two modes of Abstract Expressionism? Compare and contrast these two modes and specially discuss the work of two artists from each mode. Share why you chose these four artist.

During and after orld ar II, artistic expression was destroyed in Europe. This is because, the onslaught of the Nazis created an environment of persecution. In some cases, these activities were based upon artists using their expressionism as a form of criticisms and social critiques. hile at other times; a host of individuals were persecuted because of their race or nationality. The result is that they fled to locations such as New York to be able to continue with their work. This played a major role in determining how Abstract Expressionism developed by taking a different approach that questioned and challenged the status…

Works Cited

Adams, Ellen. After the Rain. Ann Arbor: Proquest, 2007. Print.

The portrayal of the central character, by showing non-verbal aspects of his life, like the intensity of his focus when engaged in creative works, or his silent, brooding intensity when confronting the naked racism that patronizing, rich connoisseurs often showed towards his works, helps the viewer better understand the torment that fueled the genius. To know, for example, the fact that Basquiat had a three-hundred dollar a week cocaine habit means little, it does not tell us why he continued to use drugs and still had the drive to create art. Although the film portrays the full arhol milieu, as it was such an integral part of Basquiat's discovery, and provided the environment where his works were created and received, it does not glamorize New York during the 'Studio 54' years. It also does not glamorize drug use, as it stresses that Andy arhol hoped that Basquiat would get off…

Works Cited

Basquiat." 1996. Written and directed by Julian Schnabel.

Hoban, Phoebe. Basquiat: A Quick Killing in Art. New York: Penguin, 1999.

humanities study means human. In 10 weeks, thought critically concepts myths narratives, morality decision making, freedom, happiness, specific subjects literature, art, music, film, popular culture.

(1) I am a human being who lives in the 21st century. In my time, being human is a complex process. As a race, we exist on a series of predetermined conditions which serve to shape our daily experience into a habitual cycle of living. These general patterns converge to define the meaning of living in a modern era. As a rule, one person from my time undergoes a carefully structured education from birth to adulthood.

A day in the life of a typical modern adult person starts with waking up amidst family and getting ready for work. Jobs are required to ensure continuous survival for a family and occupy an average of eight hours out of an adult's day span. At times, adults disrupt…

References

Janaro, R. And Altshuler, T. The Art of Being Human: The Humanities as a Technique for Living. (2011) New York: Longman

Plagens, P. (2002, July 8). What Andy Saw: Warhol Wasn't Just the Godfather of Pop. He Was a Clairvoyant Whose Ideas on Celebrity, Cinema and Even Supersizing Made Him the Most Influential Artist since Picasso. Newsweek Raw, L. The Cherry Orchard. (2000) Theatre Journal vol. 52, 409

Art History

Roy Lichtenstein -- Stepping Out is a painting done in oil and magna on canvas by Roy Lichtenstein. (Magna is a plastic painting product made of permanent pigment ground in acrylic resen with solvents and plasticizer. This material mixes with turpentine and mineral spirits and dries rapidly with a mat finish) (www.artlex.com/ArtLex/M.html).Painted in 1978, this work is 85 inches in heighth and 70 inches in width, 218.4 cm by 177.8 cm. This work of art, accession number 1980,420, is located at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York (5th Avenue and 82nd Street). It was purchased in 1980 as a Lila Acheson Wallace Gift with additional funding through the Arthur Hoppock Hearn Fund, the Arthur Lejwa Fund, in honor of Jean Arp; the ernhill Fund, the Joseph H. Hazen Foundation Inc., the Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation Inc., and gifts fromWalter areiss, Marie annon McHenry, Louise Smith, and…

Bibliography

Fineberg, Jonathan. Art Since 1940: Strategies of Being. 2nd Edition. New York:Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 2000.

A www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/lichtenstein_roy.html www.artlex.com/ArtLex/M.html www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pbio?224210 www.metmuseum.org/collections

93)."

That the post modernists rejected the psychotherapy of the modernist era is by no means suggestive that the artists of the era have escaped psychological analysis. Because of the extreme nature of the pop culture, it has presented a psychological windfall for study in excessiveness. It is represented by an excess of economic affluence, drugs, sex, and expressions of behavior. The excessiveness is found not just in the music industry, but also in literature, film, and paintings and photography. It is all encompassing of all art expressions.

One important definition of the post-modern, as a radically sceptical and questioning attitude of mind, is that provided by the philosopher Jean-Francois Lyotard (1984), who wrote of it in terms of 'the death of grand narratives', with Marxism and Freudianism particularly in mind. Lyotard would see as futile attempts to consider the modern and post-modern in terms of historical periodisation. For him,…

Works Cited

 http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=76905168 

Buchanan, Iain, Michael Dunn, Elizabeth Eastmond, and Frances Hodgkins. Frances Hodgkins: Paintings and Drawings. Auckland, N.Z.: Auckland University Press, 1994. Book online. Available from Questia,  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=76905182.Internet . Accessed 24 August 2008.  http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=21033116 

Cantor, Norman F. Modernism to Deconstruction. New York: Peter Lang, 1988. Book online. Available from Questia,  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=21033116.Internet . Accessed 24 August 2008.

Del Loewenthal, and Robert Snell. Post-Modernism for Psychotherapists: A Critical Reader. Hove, England: Brunner-Routledge, 2003. Book online. Available from Questia,  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107976699.Internet . Accessed 24 August 2008.  http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=99670131

Allen also notes that interviews are often heavily edited, very likely to be true in the case of Artforum, where each interview hews to a standard of grammar and diction that may not be found in the speech of the interviewees.

Six people -- artists, writers -- who had known Coplans were invited to contribute to his obituary. Irving Blum's reminiscence aptly explains the editorial direction of the magazine during Coplans' tenure, and, by observation of the February 2005 issue, today as well. Blum notes that Coplans had a "bulletproof bull***** detector. He was astonishingly direct about every issue" (Banks, 2004). Blum notes that Coplans could both voice his feelings and explain why he did or did not like something, a feature of the writing in the magazine today. In addition, when the art public was giving some new ideas a lukewarm reception, and Coplans disagreed, he was not shy…

References

Allen, G. (2002, June 22) "Documents of 1960s art. (book review)"

Art Journal. Retrieved 18 February 2005 from Highbeam Research,  

Art

The Wikipedia web site defines "art" as a "generic term for any product of the creative impulse," while Encarta Encyclopedia considered this concept as "the product of human creativity in which materials are shaped or selected to convey an idea, emotion, or visually interesting form." These definitions are related in the study of eight web sites, all of which center on the subject of (various forms of) art:

The Hubbard Street Dance Chicago (HSDC) web site (http://www.hubbardstreetdance.com/home.asp) centers on and provides an overview about street dancing through providing information about different institutions and centers that offer street dancing tutorials, competitions, other street dance-related events.

The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. (http://www.warholfoundation.org) showcases the not only the works of Andy Warhol, but also functions as a venue for artists to take advantage of grants and art projects that would be beneficial for their development/improvement as visual artists.…

Art

Great Art proponents

Art is not something new that started recently. Art work has been in existence for a very long time and there are various artists who have brought an influence in this field. When looking at art in the 1960s we can see that there are various art movements as well as cultural histories which are associated with this period.

Andy Warhol was a very influential pop artist in the 1960s. He took product logos and their labels from a commercial context and displayed them as a form of art. He also went ahead to make sculptures that were identical to Brillo boxes and Campbell's soup cans. Through his work we can see that pop art posed as a challenge to traditional art through equating imagery that was mass produced in advertising with existing fine arts. This was attracted by graphical directness of advertising and consumer packing…

References psychedelicadventures.com. (2010).The Psychedelic [in] Society:

A Brief Cultural History of Tripping. Retrieved July 4, 2013 from  http://www.psychedelicadventures.com/BriefHistory.htm 

Chappell, M. (2006). Art in the 1960s. Retrieved July 4, 2013 from http://artsconnected.org/collection/118487/art-in-the-1960s?print=true#%281%29

Sarasota Visual Art. (2012). William Pachner: Works from the 1960s. Retrieved July 4, 2013 from  http://sarasotavisualart.com/2012/02/william-pachner-works-from-the-1960s/

Bowie

olling Stone describes David Bowie as the "consummate musical chameleon" because the superstar musician continually reinvents himself and appeals to a fan base wider than most artists ("David Bowie: Biography," n.d.). Bowie was born David obert Jones in Brixton, South London, in January 1947. He started playing the saxophone at age 13, and played in several different bands during his teenage years, including the Konrads, the King Bees, David Jones and the Buzz, the King Bees, the Manish Boys (featuring Jimmy Page as a session guitarist), and Davey Jones and the Lower Third ("David Bowie: Biography," n.d.). As Crocker (2011) points out, Bowie slipped easily into London "mod" scenes as a teenager, and quickly developed his artsy chameleon style that characterized the meat of Bowie's career. Gender-bending, avant-garde performances, and avant-garde music were the cornerstones of Bowie's identity and image throughout the late 1960s and 1970s. David Bowie came…

References

Crocker, L. (2011). Nine juiciest bits from new Bowie biography. The Daily Beast. July 12, 2011. Retrieved online:  http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/07/12/david-bowie-starman-biography-9-juiciest-bits.html 

"David Bowie." Retrieved online:  http://www.biography.com/people/david-bowie-9222045 

"David Bowie: Biography," (n.d). Rolling Stone. Retrieved online:  http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/david-bowie/biography

As a result, the invited audience was essentially being asked to play the role of the person who is shocked by such a discovery -- and insofar as they knew they were being invited by Mendieta, and probably had basic knowledge of the crime that occurred, they were also being invited to imagine that the victim of such a crime might well have been Mendieta or any other female student on campus. This is interesting insofar as it relates to an observation made by Kwon about Mendieta's early work from this period: Kwon notes that "Mendieta's use of her/the body almost always approached erasure or negation: her 'body' consistently disappeared. This is striking given that most feminist artists during the 1970s vied for visibility and self-affirming expression through figurative, literal, sometimes 'in-your-face' presence. It is curious that Mendieta traced her absence instead."[footnoteRef:5] In "Rape Scene" this is paradoxically true: the…

Works Cited

Bowers, Nancy. "Spring Break Killer: Murder of Sarah Ann Ottens, 1973." IowaUnsolvedMurders.com, March 2010. Web. Retrieved 24 April 2014 at:  http://www.iowaunsolvedmurders.com/beyond-1965-selected-unsolved-iowa-murders/spring-break-killer-murder-of-sarah-ann-ottens-1973/ 

Butler, Cornelia and Mark, Lisa Gabrielle. WACK!: Art and the Feminist Revolution. Los Angeles: Museum of Contemporary Art and MIT Press, 2007. Print.

Chau, Monica, Feldman, Hannah J.L., Kabat, Jennifer, and Kruse, Hannah. The Subject of Rape: June 23-August 29, 1993. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1993. Print.

Deutsche, Rosalyn. "Breaking Ground: Barbara Kruger's Spatial Practice." In Kruger, Barbara. Thinking of You. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000. 77-84. Print.

Philadelphia Museum of Art is a spectacular place to view art through the ages with exhibitions changing ever couple of months. Whether in sculpture, photograph or painting, the Philadelphia Museum of Art has much to offer. The current exhibition holds art from various artists that show vibrant energy through fine depictions of people, landscapes, and abstract images. This essay is meant to show the quality of the pieces within the exhibits as well as a proposal to improve the layout and collections the Museum has.

PHILADELPHIA MUSEUM OF AT has several exhibits to offer. The first exhibit that was the most apparent was "The Wrath of the Gods: Masterpieces by ubens, Michelangelo, and Titian" that will last on display until December 6, 2015. The Wrath of the Gods concentrates on the artist Peter Paul uben's most notable work, Prometheus Bound. That piece shows a singular vision of torment, pain, as…

References

Dailypicksandflicks.com,. (2015). Rijksmuseum: Rembrandt's Night Watch in Real Life (Video). Retrieved 30 September 2015, from  http://dailypicksandflicks.com/2013/04/02/rijksmuseum-rembrandts-night-watch-in-real-life-video/ 

Developtourism.com,. (2015). museumsuccessfactors. Retrieved 30 September 2015, from  http://www.developtourism.com/museumsuccessfactors.htm 

Hootsuite Social Media Management,. (2013). The Best Ways for Museums and Art Organizations to be Social. Retrieved 30 September 2015, from  http://blog.hootsuite.com/social-museums-art-organizations/ 

Museumsassociation.org,. (2015). Engaging the elderly -- Museums Association. Retrieved 30 September 2015, from  http://www.museumsassociation.org/comment/26032013-michelle-weiner-engaging-the-elderly

Saddling them with the idea that every work must have some kind of recognizable theory that speaks to the viewers may be too much for some artists to manage, and it could shut down their creative process. As another critic notes, "[I]n Western culture, after all, art is associated with the free expression of a unique vision or the pleasurable cultivation of individual tastes" (Williams 2004, p. 3). Thus, by branding a theory on a piece of art, the artist is pigeonholed into a certain genre, which reduces their "free expression," and the viewer is not as apt to enjoy the art according to their "individual tastes."

In conclusion, it is fine to have a theory when creating or admiring art, but that theory challenges creativity and the enjoyment of the piece. If a viewer or an artist is so busy attempting to figure out the theory of a piece…

References

Freeland, C. 2003, Art Theory: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.

Hertel, C. 2003, 'Ivan Gaskell: Vermeer's Wager Speculations on Art History, Theory and Art Museums', the Art Bulletin, 85(3), 611+.

Irvine, M. 2008, 'Art Theory Concepts', Georgetown University [Online] Available at  http://www9.georgetown.edu/faculty/irvinem/visualarts/art-theory-intro.html .

Murray, D.C., & Murray, S. 2006, 'Uneasy Bedfellows: Canonical Art Theory and the Politics of Identity', Art Journal, 65(1), 22+.

hile not an example of Pop Art, the intense use of color and the pastiche of subject matter (although a pastiche of 'high art' rather than popular culture like arhol) demonstrates the contemporary nature of the work.

Like the earliest estern artists discussed in Gardner's Art Through the Ages, Naret pays visual homage to the subject of the art 'masters' that have come before him and adopts their subject matter (flowers, simple furniture) to his own style. His biography states he is inspired by the landscapes of his own region of Mexico. This stress upon personal interest in the landscape is Impressionistic, and highlights the difference in purpose between early estern and past estern art. Before the 19th century, art was functional in decoration and worship, and it transmitted the messages of political or ecclesiastical authority. The purpose of art was not to communicate the art's own soul or personal…

Works Cited

Art Criticism: Final Exam." Princeton Online: 25 Jun

 http://princetonol.com/groups/iad/Files/final.htm 

Kleiner, Fred S. & Christian J. Mamiya. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: Volume 1. 12th

Ed. Wadsworth Publishing, 2004.

Critics of postmodern art dismiss it as fragmented, reactionary and shallow but few can deny that it has had a lasting impact on contemporary art of the Western world.

Specific Example of Post Modern Thought: The art of Andy Warhol (American painter and pop artist) is the quintessential and an early example of postmodernism. Warhol's depiction of common popular symbols such as his paintings of Campbell's soup and Coca Cola cans and silkscreen prints of famous icons such as Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley not only brought the previously mundane or trivial to the level of "high art," but also combined various mediums such as painting, print making, ink drawing and even cinema to produce art that related to a mass audience rather than an elite class only.

Areas such as philosophy, religion, architecture, art, literature, and culture, among others

Modernism, in arts and literature, refers to the genre emerging…

Spirit of Change

a) In Still Life with Plaster Cast, the viewer sees a painting-within-a-painting. Identify and describe another work in your text that uses a similar approach.

Cezanne's Post-Impressionist 'take' on the constructed nature of art is not the only treatment of 'the artist and his art' as a subject of painting. The painter Courbet's more realistic portrayal of a 'painting within a painting' called The Artist's Studio shows an artist painting in a large room, surrounded by the metaphorical representations of 'influences' upon his work, over the course of the seven years it took the artist to construct the painting. A nude, beautiful woman looks over the painter's shoulder and a child and a small dog gaze up at the painting in rapt attention. Courbet's meaning is less ambiguous than Cezanne's more humorous and deflated view of the nature of art. Cezanne's less beautiful, broken Cupid and ugly…

References

Cezanne, Paul: The Mont Sainte-Victoire and Bibemus saga. (2012). Web Museum. Retrieved:

 http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/cezanne/st-victoire/ 

Rosenthal, Donald. (1999). Gustave Courbet. Discover France. Retrieved:

 http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Art/Courbet/Courbet.shtml

Pop Art on Society

During the fifties, America experienced tremendous growth in many aspects of society. As a result, technological advancements led to sophisticated aspects of American life. Media and advertising became mass media and the invention of the television paved the way to a new generation of communication. This was also an era of exploration among generations. Traditional forms of art began to experience growth and "culture" expanded into many sub-cultures.

Some of the trends that surfaced were New York City turning into an "international center for painting and architecture" (Davidson 1147), mass circulation of paperback books, network television suddenly becoming the world's most powerful form of mass communication, and rock and roll becoming the language of youth (Davidson 1147).

The explosion of such artistic expression was greeted with optimism, but mostly with pessimism, "warning against moral decadence and spiritual decline" (1147). On one had, the "highbrow intellectuals" argued…

Works Cited

Davidson, Gienapp, Heyman, Lytle, and Stoff. Nation of Nations. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1990. 17 December 2002.

Metrailler, Edouard. High in Saccharine, Low in (Moral) Fiber. The Harvard Salient. 7 October 1996. http://www.digitas.harvard.edu/~salient/issues/961007/mediocrity.html17 December 2002.

Morse, Margaret. Pop Art. Biddingtons. 17 December 2002.  http://www.biddingtons.com/content/pedigreepop.html17  December 2002.

Myers, Ken. What Distinguishes "popular" Cultures From Other Varieties of Culture? Modern Reformation.  http://www.modernreformation.org/mr97/janteb/mr9/01distinguishes.html17  December 2002.

humanities modes human inquiry expression. Be address items paper: Define term humanities. Distinguish humanities modes human inquiry expression.

What are the 'humanities?' Why do they matter?

The word 'humanities' contains the word 'human' and thus interlinked with the definition of the humanities is the definition of what it means to be 'human' as conceived within academia. According to Stanford University, "the humanities can be described as the study of the myriad ways in which people, from every period of history and from every corner of the globe, process and document the human experience. Since humans have been able, we have used philosophy, literature, religion, art, music, history and language to understand and record our world" (The humanities experience, 2013, Stanford University). These disciplines are very diverse but there is a general 'lumping' of non-quantitative fields under the broad 'tent' of humanities disciplines, even though mathematics is occasionally classified as a…

References

The humanities experience. (2013). Stanford University. Retrieved from:

http://humanexperience.stanford.edu/what

Deresiewicz, W. (2013). How does it feel? The American Scholar. Retrieved from:

 http://theamericanscholar.org/how-does-it-feel/#.UtQeF7SIA24

women artists," feminists have reflexively responded by trying to find great women artists from the past who were undiscovered or to emphasize little-regarded female artists from past artistic movements dominated by men. However, this can create the impression of feminists being 'desperate' to find examples of female greatness and over-inflating the reputation of relatively minor artists. Other feminist art historians have criticized the notion of what constitutes 'greatness' as overly masculine in quality and tried to create a new, specifically female-centric notions of artistic greatness. Feminist critic Linda Nochlin sees this as problematic given that there is no clear feminine principle uniting women artists through the ages: in fact, women artists and writers are more apt to resemble males of their respective periods than they are of all women throughout the ages.

Instead, Nochlin asserts that the absence of great female artists is similar to the reason why there are…

Works Cited

Hoffman, Lewis. "Premodernism, modernism, and postmodernism." Postmodern Psychology.

2008. 24 May 2014. http://www.postmodernpsychology.com/Philosophical_Systems/Overview.htm

"Postmodernist art." Art Encyclopedia. 24 May 2014.

 http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/postmodernism.htm

Art History: Post ar

The global impact of the Second orld ar II on the society, politics, culture and technology was reflected how art produced after 1945 was changing in appearance and feeling. The rapid significant changes were a reflection of the intense and sometimes radical responses made by artists. Artists' works during this period responded to or questioned the nature personal and national identity, gender/race issues, the emergence and growth of media and/or mass culture. orks of art also responded to the existing definitions of art and its relationship to the environment. In the aftermath of the Second orld ar, the core of estern Art shifted from Europe to the United States and resulted in the use of new materials and techniques. Post war social, political, economic and cultural needs contributed to changes in strategies used by artists, art production, and how artists express themselves.

Aesthetic Strategies used by…

Works Cited

Alberro, Alexander, and Blake Stimson. Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology. Boston, MA: MIT, 1999. Print.

Ciment, James. Postwar America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History. Vol. 14. New York: Routledge, 2015. Print.

Davies, Stephen, Kathleen M. Higgins, Robert Hopkins, Robert Stecker, and David E. Cooper. A Companion to Aesthetics. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2009. Print.

Day, Michael, and Al Hurwitz. Children and Their Art: Art Education for Elementary and Middle Schools. 9th ed. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.

As Sir Anthony O'eilly, Chairman of Waterford Wedgwood, noted in a recent speech that they are operating against a "backdrop of unprecedented broad-based economic uncertainty."

This economic uncertainty has had a global impact. From the high rates of business bankruptcies in the United States, to the financial collapse of one of the previously richest countries in the world -- Iceland, to the 11.2 million percent inflation rate of Zimbabwe, no corner of the globe is untouched by the massive liquidation cycle in which the global economy appears to be.

Consumer confidence has declined. Banks have lost faith in one another. Currencies around the world, such as the American dollar, weakened considerably.

And, despite Waterford Wedgwood's more than two hundred years of setting industry standards, the organization must now operate in an economic environment that appears to work directly against their primary products -- luxury lifestyle items.

Yet, despite these trying…

References

About the company. (2009). Retrieved June 9, 2009, from  http://www.royaldoulton.com/U.S./_Help_Information/CompanyInformation/AbouttheCompany .

Corporate profile. (2009). Retrieved June 9, 2009, from  http://www.waterfordwedgewood.com/investor_corpProfile1.asp .

Goldhorn, M. (Jan/Feb 2009). Market turmoil require new ways to build capital. The Value Examiner. pp. 23-30.

History of Wedgwood. (2009). Retrieved June 9, 2009, from  http://www.wedgwoodusa.com/about/history.asp .

In the first post-World War decade, Maya Deren stood out among her experimental filmmaking contemporaries by collaborating with her husband Alexander Hammid on one of the most famous of all American avant-garde films, Meshes of the Afternoon (1943) in which a woman portrayed by Deren herself experiences a series of "mysterious encounters with a hooded figure whose face is in a mirror. She passes through chambers, splits into several personalities and eventually dies" (490). In this instance, the abstract imagery used in this film is focused upon the mirror which reflects the personalities of Deren, much like the common theme of Jekyll and Hyde, a type of doppleganger construction. This film also projects a dream structure, meaning that the images of part of the dream state and lie beyond reality. Deren also experimented with psychodramas which contain strong cues for the audience that "the images are projections of the heroine's…

References

Danks, Adrian. (2006). "The Silent Village." Senses of Cinema. Internet. Retrieved November 9, 2008 at  http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/06/41/silent-village.html .

Documentary and Experimental Cinema in the Post War Era: 1945 -- Mid -- 1960's." Chapter 21.

Williams, Deane. (2002). "Robert Flaherty." Senses of Cinema. Internet. Retrieved November 9, 2008 at  http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/02/flaherty.html .

All of these examples show that there is no linear narrative of art, rather the construction of even so-called periods between different nations and periods lies in the mind of the beholding academic, not in some universal truth of what is art's history. Critics also have their own abysses, and their own sands of what seems familiar and unfamiliar. Even art periodization is subjective as art, it is not a science, and thus periods should not be taught as absolute standards and markers of art history.

Furthermore, other nations such as China have had different histories and different conceptions of what constitutes making art altogether, as well as different forms of periodization as a result. Western art's periods have been much more dynamic, and more characterized by seismic revolutions in aesthetics, as opposed to other nations. There is more blurring between what art is, and what has a practical religious…

, 2009, p. 80). Even the smallest museums in some of the most out-of-the-way locations "can and do participate in the globalized arena," Holo explains. The leaders of these remote museums, for example the "indigenous communitarian museum leaders in the remote mountains of Oaxaca," who have zero staff, somehow go to meetings at very obscure locations, just to link up with others in the world of art (Holo, 80).

However, when globalization becomes what Holo calls "conventionalized homogenization," that is, everything in museums in remote places in the world become mirrors of "the estern perspective of modern art," there is a necessary response to that negative dynamic. That's not to say that militant nationalism automatically comes into play in this situation, but as Holo explains, globalization can bring "negative baggage" and when it does, as Manuel Borja-Ville explains (he is the director of the Reina Sofia, Spain's national museum of…

Works Cited

Gharebaghi, Ali-Asghar. The Globalization of Art? The Same Old Story? Tavoos

Online / Art Quarterly / Iran's First Bilingual Art Magazine. Retrieved October 6,

2011, from  http://www.tavoosonline.com . 2008.

Holo, Selma, and Alvarez, Mari-Tere. Beyond the Turnstile: Making the Case for Museums and Sustainable Values. Landham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009.

Desire and Piety

Mark Bradford is one of the leading figures in contemporary art and has even been touted by some as "the most compelling and captivating artists working today" (exner Center for the Arts 2011). He paints juxtapositions in his work that are very carefully measured in order to send specific messages to viewers of his artwork. In his piece "The Corner of Desire and Piety," Bradford shows his viewers the bad side of humanity, specifically regarding how certain so-called "services" for the people tend to prey on the vulnerable. His piece is a grid of 72 identical posters that are fashioned after one that he found in post-Katrina Lower Ninth ard New Orleans that said "Propane Deliveries to FEMA Trailers" and included a merchant's phone number (New City Art 2011). In order to show how services like FEMA prey on people who are vulnerable, he removed the number…

Works Cited

New City Art. "Eye Exam: Urban Re-Planning." 2011. Accessed on July 3, 2011:

 http://art.newcity.com/2011/06/13/eye-exam-urban-re-planning/ 

Saccoccia, Susan. "Keeping it moving." The Bay State Banner. 2011. Accessed on July

3, 2011:  http://www.baystatebanner.com/local13-2010-12-09

This is not simply unique to "Readymade," although this facet of art is brought to the forefront in this particular work. But Duchamp stresses that since "the tubes of paint used by an artist are manufactured and readymade products we must conclude that all the paintings in the world are Readymades aided' and also works of assemblage." (Duchamp, 83) How can art be so unique, asks Duchamp, within any particular context, when all individuals are using the same modalities of plastic production. Similarly, according to Greenburg's analysis of Manet, "it was the stressing of the ineluctable flatness of the surface that remained, however, more fundamental than anything else to the processes by which pictorial art criticized and defined itself under Modernism. For flatness alone was unique and exclusive to pictorial art." (Greenburg, 195)

The distinction between Greenburg and Duchamp, however, lies not so much in the latter's stress upon the…

Works Cited

Greenburg, Clement. "Modernist Painting." From Esthetics Contemporary. Edited by Richard Kostelanetz. New York: Prometheus Books, 2001.

Duchamp, Marcel. "Apropos of Readymades." From Esthetics Contemporary. Edited by Richard Kostelanetz. New York: Prometheus Books, 2001.

Fiction's Come a Long Way, aby

The development of fiction from its nascent stages until today's contemporary works is a storied one. Many features mark contemporary fiction and differentiate it from the classics of the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries: For one, modern writers use different perspectives to narrate: In some works, the narrator switches from third-person omniscient to first person, and in some contemporary works, even the challenging second-person. Experimentation in styles also marks contemporary fiction: Nabokov, perhaps fiction's greatest ever stylist, has written one novel penned to ladies and gentlemen of the jury, and another as literary criticism on a purposefully mediocre poem. (Nabokov: Lolita and Pale Fire).

ut one of the most pronounced shifts in fiction over these centuries has been the move from stuffy, high art to a fixation on and immersion in pop culture. George Eliot, for instance, in "Daniel Deronda," interspersed a very staid…

Bibliography

Cisneros, Sandra: Woman Hollering Creek. New York: Vintage.

Cisneros, Sandra: Mexican Movies. New York: Vintage.

Cisneros, Sandra: Barbie-Q. New York: Vintage.

Johnson, Samuel: Rasselas. New York: Oxford.

(FAQ: How did Marilyn die?)

Whatever may be reason death occurred at her age of thirty six. Some opined she left a legacy of beauty while to some she left a legacy of sadness. However, even after forty two years of her death she is considered to be the most recognized women in the world. The legend of Marilyn acclaimed several images all of which are divergent and distinguishable. In the words of Andy Warhol, Marilyn was 'star for all ages'. (Marilyn Monroe: The Exhibit)

eferences

Classic Movie Star's Marilyn Monroe Tribute" etrieved at http://www.angelfire.com/ri2/rebeccastjames/Monroe.html. Accessed on 18 February, 2005

FAQ: How did Marilyn die?" etrieved at http://www.marilyncollector.com/legend/faq.html. Accessed on 18 February, 2005

Hollywood's Leading Sex Symbol" Court Tv's Crime Library. etrieved at http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/celebrity/marilyn_monroe/4.html?sect=26. Accessed on 18 February, 2005

Marilyn Monroe biography: A short biography of world famous movie star, Marilyn

Monroe" (2002) Page Wise. etrieved at http://mtmt.essortment.com/marilynmonroeb_rrot.htm. Accessed on…

References

Classic Movie Star's Marilyn Monroe Tribute" Retrieved at http://www.angelfire.com/ri2/rebeccastjames/Monroe.html. Accessed on 18 February, 2005

FAQ: How did Marilyn die?" Retrieved at  http://www.marilyncollector.com/legend/faq.html . Accessed on 18 February, 2005

Hollywood's Leading Sex Symbol" Court Tv's Crime Library. Retrieved at http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/celebrity/marilyn_monroe/4.html?sect=26. Accessed on 18 February, 2005

Marilyn Monroe biography: A short biography of world famous movie star, Marilyn

Music, Art, Literature Trends

From impressionism to pop art, jazz to hip hop, science fiction to beat poetry, artistic, musical, and literary expressions have varied considerably between 1870 and 2005. The period between the end of the nineteenth century to the current day can be generally described as the modern and postmodern eras. The beginning of the modern era, during the final decades of the nineteenth century, coincided with the Industrial evolution. Along with fascination with modern technology and optimism for the future came simultaneous disillusionment. However, modern technological advancements have made such widespread creativity possible. Social and political trends have also influenced creative endeavors, and vice-versa. Art, music, and literature are more accessible and more possible to create than they ever were in the past. The modern era has been characterized by an overall flourishing of the expressive arts, but some trends have a more lasting significance than others.…

Rock music became more than just a musical trend; it also characterized the rise of the teenage culture, symbolized rebellion, and influenced political and social attitudes. Furthermore, rock and roll remains a viable creative endeavor today, and is also internationally popular, which is why the trend is so important. Beyond rock and roll, electronic music and hip hop are recent significant musical trends. Electronic music has been around for decades, and reached a peak with the advent of the rave. Electronic music remains a vital force in the industry, and has also impacted the development of hip hop. Hip-hop is yet another musical trend that coincides with social and race-related realities in the United States. The genre is so important because it represents American urban culture.

Among the literary trends between 1870 and the present day, the most significant ones include post-colonialism, science fiction, beat poetry, and horror. Post-colonial literature such as the works of Joseph Conrad brought awareness to the problems associated with the colonialist mentality. Post-colonial fiction put a human face on the very real political, social, and economic issues of the modern world. Realism was a major literary method used by post-colonial authors, who depicted their worlds with stunning detail. With the modern fascination with technological advancements, science fiction became a highly significant literary trend to emerge during the twentieth century. Science fiction originated in the early twentieth century when Orson Welles' reading of H.G. Wells' novel the War of the Worlds shocked the nation into believing that aliens had indeed attacked the United States. Science fiction literature strongly influenced television and film, too, and is responsible for the popularity of both Star Trek and Star Wars. Related to but different from science fiction, fantasy writing also emerged during this time and gave rise to the writings of J.R.R. Tolkein, whose works recently spawned motion pictures.

Another significant literary trend to emerge during the middle of the twentieth century was beat poetry and beat literature. Beat poetry was completely free verse and free form, in sharp contrast to earlier, more structured forms. Moreover, beat poetry was far more abstract than previous works. Just as modern art was becoming more abstract and expressionist, so too was literature. Another key literary trend to emerge during the past century was horror fiction. While horror derives from earlier Gothic literature as well as from science fiction, the horror genre has had a huge impact on modern literary expression. Authors like Stephen King have become immensely famous by making people afraid, and his works as well as the works of countless other horror writers have impacted the plots and themes of films and television shows.

DYNAMICS BETWEEN AT & TECHNOLOGY

Art & Technology

From the earliest moments of human history until the present and certainly into the future, the relationship between art and technology will be a dynamic one. Technology has directly impacted art forms such as architecture, photography, sculpture, and painting. Painting, sculpture, and architecture are much older art forms than photography, whose roots come from the latter portion of the 19th century. Nonetheless, each of these forms has changed technology and has been changed by technology. In numerous cases within each art form, technological developments in other industries, not related to art, influenced developments in each art respectively. The paper will discuss and consider connections between technology and art including culture and gender.

The great industrialization at the turn of the 20th century changed the world and every industry. The 20th century made possible the further development of existing industries and made possible…

References:

Benjamin, W. (1935) The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. Available from design.wishiewashie.com/HT5/WalterBenjaminTheWorkofArt.pdf. 2012 June 15.

National Endowment for the Arts. (2009) Audience 2.0 -- How Technology Influences Arts Participation. National Endowment for the Arts, Available from www.nea.gov/research/new-media-report/New-Media-Report.pdf. 2012 June 17.

Thakur, M.K. (2010) How technology influences arts and creativity. International Business Times, Available from  http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/79404/20101107/digital-technology-art-dulwich-picture-gallery-iguides-iPod-touch-technology-austin-museum-of-digita.htm . 2012 June 16.

Drunken Decision Made Hugh Grant a Profit of £11 Million

Imagine buying a painting for £2 million and selling it a few years later for £13 million. Such a stunt would require a lot of sobriety. Grant pulled it off…and he was not sober.

Hugh Grant, in what one would call a sobering confession, says he was drunk when he made a decision to purchase a painting that would six years later net him a profit of £11 million. The painting in question was that of Elizabeth Taylor by Andy Warhol.

The star, best known for his appearance in the film Four Weddings and a Funeral bought the painting back in 2001 for £2 million and offered it for sale less than a decade later for £13 million.

Although the transaction earned him the reputation of a talented art collector, Grant says the purchase decision in this case was not…

References/Article Source

Daily Mail. (2009, December 13). Hugh Grant: 'I Was Drunk When I Bought Elizabeth Taylor Painting that Made £11m Profit. Retrieved October 9, 2012, from the Daily Mail website:  http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1235452/Hugh-Grant-I-drunk-I-bought-Elizabeth-Taylor-painting-11m-profit.html

The manner in which Cezanne abstractly modulated color in his paintings was seminal to the controversial cubist style. What is more, Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon simplified previous endeavors in terms of structure by employing a savage two-dimensional angularity, and as such was exponential for early modern art.

Modernist painting, in Clement Greenberg's words, "used art to call attention to art" (193) as opposed to ealism's alleged concealment of art. Formerly inferred drawbacks attached to the limits imposed by the medium of painting, such as the plain surface, the pigment's properties or the shape of the support, were brought to light in modernism and even considered positive elements (Greenberg 195). To list various embodiments of the modern newly found openness and embracing of factors that used to be regarded as glitch, Piet Mondrian's minimalist Composition in Yellow, ed, and Blue, Jack Pollock's abstract expressionist Autumn hythm, Mark othko's 1959 Lavender…

Reference

Greenberg, Clement. Modernist painting. Art and Literature Spring 1965: 193-201

Post WWII Art Analysis

The piece of art that the paper will analyze is "Sleeping Girl." oy Lichtenstein painted "Sleeping Girl" in 1964, as part of his work in pop art & pop culture. Another artist who painted in the style of pop art was Andy Warhol, just to add context with whom Lichtenstein kept artistic company. "Sleeping Girl" is a seminal work in a series of paintings in comic book style. Comic book culture saw a huge surge after WWII and so did pop art. These artistic forms expressed a desire to escape from the horrors and great changes around the world after the war. Artists such as Lichtenstein tapped into these desires producing mash-ups of popular art forms to express an even more layered message. "Sleeping Girl" is directly influenced by DC Comics, as it is a rendition of an image found in Girls' omances, #105. It was…

References:

Watson, L. (2012). Bringing home the Bacon: The record-breaking pop art masterpieces that fetched tens of millions at auction. Mail Online, Web, Available from:  http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2142740/Lichtensteins-Sleeping-Girl-record-breaking-masterpieces-fetch-tens-millions-auction.html . 2013 April 16.

Culture

Films as Expressions of a Society's Values

Criminals are glamorous and so are the people who follow them.

The countries to be compared are the United States and Italy.

Each American film has an Italian counterpart that is similar in premise, characters, and sometimes time period.

The films that will be referenced are: Angel of Evil (Italy) -- Blow (USA); Giallo (Italy) -- Se7en (USA); The Girl with the Pistol (Italy) -- I Shot Andy Warhol. (USA)

How is the criminal lifestyle glamorized? How is the criminal lifestyle glorified? The paper will locate and explain examples as well as counterexamples.

The comparison will elucidate which culture glorifies criminals as well as the people who follow them, such as detectives, the media, or people who are fans of their work.

Narrative & Production

A. There must be some initial exposition and/or summary of the plot of each film (brief), as…

References:

Abrams, Nathan, Bell, Ian, & Udris, Jan. Studying Film. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print.

Bellantoni, Patti. If It's Purple, Someone's Gonna Die -- The Power of Color in Visual Storytelling. Oxford, UK: Focal Press, 2005. Print.

Benyahia, Sarah Casey, Gaffney, Freddie, & White, John. AS Film Studies -- The Essential Introduction. New York, NY: Routledge, 2006. Print.

Bordwell, David, & Thompson, Kristin. Film Art -- An Introduction. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2008. Print.

Simulacrum: hat is neither real nor a copy?

The simulacrum subverts the common notion of what constitutes a copy vs. An authentic artifact (Camille 31). In the common, classical ordering of priorities, the 'real' is what comes first, followed by the copy. The copy affirms the real, and the worth of the real, rather than negates it. A good example of this can be seen in art forgery. The worth of the real is affirmed by the fact that the copy (whether illegally or legally made) is considered inferior to that of the real, and the copy attempts to slavishly imitate the real. The greatest compliment that can be paid to a copy is that it can be mistaken for the real thing. A picture post card of the Mona Lisa is not synonymous with the famous painting itself.

The simulacrum, however, is a false idea, image, or rendition that…

Works Cited

Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Benjamin, Walter. "Works of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction." In Film Theory and Criticism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Camille, Michael. "Simulacrum." In Critical terms for art history. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Hart, Kevin. Postmodernism: A beginner's guide. Oxford, Bridgewater books, 2005.

Technology and Society

All print media including books, newspapers and magazines are in deep trouble today thanks to new developments in technology, as are traditional methods of classroom instruction and school curricula. To that extent the Internet can be described as a revolutionary invention that has altered and transformed the way information is presented and conceived. Individuals are learning and creating innovative ways to contribute to relevant knowledge at an excessive speed, and the estern world has become dependent on this technology and also more aware of its negative side. hether the technology in our surroundings is causing human beings to become distracted, affecting our communication skills, or making them stupider is a question that has to be addressed.

This memorandum will describe these issues of trivialization and the 'shallow-ing out' of contemporary American culture, most of which are either as deliberately exaggerated and sensationalized as the Internet itself or…

WORKS CITED

Corey, G. et al. Issues and Ethics in the Helping Professions, 8th Edition. Cengage Learning, 2011.

Milliken, J. Brands and Social Media Participation; United Breaks Guitars. Coreographytv, 2010.

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNpry5iSTBo&feature=related 

Morozov, Evgeny. "Losing Our Minds to the Web." Prospect, June 22, 2010.

Portraits: Talking ith Artists at the Met, The Modern, The Louvre, And Elsewhere

Attempting to put art into words can be like trying to put that proverbial lightning in a bottle: art often seems to defy description, much as art critics attempt to do so. Even artists themselves often struggle with articulating the concepts behind their works. Various attempts over the years have been made to make art, particularly abstract modern art more intelligible, including trying to film the artist Jackson Pollock painting one of his famous 'drip' paintings from below the surface of a piece of glass. In the book Portraits: Talking with Artists at the Met, the Modern, the Louvre, and Elsewhere, the New York Times art critic Michael Kimmelman adopts a different technique and actually asks prominent modern artists to talk about art in front of paintings and photographs at various museums. Not only does he ask…

Works Cited

Kimmelman, Michael. Talking With Artists at the Met, the Modern, the Louvre and Elsewhere.

New York: Random House, 1998.

Cultural Representations of GLBTQ Peoples and Communities in the Mainstream Media

Attitudes and laws in American society concerning the gay, lesbian, bisexual, transsexual and queer (GLBTQ) communities have changed in substantive ways in recent years, and many observers credit the cultural representations of these communities in the mainstream media as contributing to this progress. Notwithstanding the progress to date, though, some observers suggest that the status of the GLBTQ communities today is still comparable to the status of women and blacks a half century ago and there is clearly a need for greater understanding of these alternative lifestyles communities by the general American public. To this end, this paper provides a review of the literature concerning current GLBTQ issues in American culture followed by a discussion concerning the manner in which interpretation of mainstream media content such as films, television shows, books, plays or events can provide fresh insights into…

Works Cited

About. (2016). The Backlot. Web.

Clifton, Derrick. (2014, July 1). "11 Major Obstacles to Equality that LGBT Americans still face." Identities.Mic. Web.

Doughty, Howard A. (2013, January 1). "What's the Trouble with Human Rights?" The Innovation Journal 18(1): 1-4. Print.

Kilday, Gregg. (2000, October 10). "Queer as Folk in America." The Advocate 62. Print.

In other words, revealing the character by celebrating the human form in a highly stylized and beautiful fashion was critical to Ritts' art. Even his ordinary subjects look like models. In "Vladimir: Hollywood 1980" a man smoking a cigarette with a stocking cap on his head looks almost sensual in his delight at this act, as if he is advertising the brand as well as simply enjoying a smoke.

Ritts' studies of African natives, far away from exposure to the estern media, are lit in ways that recall his Calvin Klein ads and other commercial representations from America like "Dijimon with Octopus." This work shows an African native with braided, octopus-like hair. (Images available from the website text and image catalogue "Herb Ritts on Show," 2000) Ritts suggests that even celebrities have a personal and human side, and even ordinary Americans and Africans have the power to speak to the…

Works Cited

BBC News. (27 Dec 2002) "Photographer Herb Ritts dies." Images and accompanying text available at 25 Jan 2005 at  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/2608665.stm 

Dybowska, Kasia. (2002) "Herb Ritts Photography." Trincoll Journal: Current Events. Images and accompanying text available at 25 Jan 2005 at  http://www.trincoll.edu/zines/tj/tj11.14.96/articles/cover.html 

Herb Ritts on Show." (15 Feb 2001) Images and accompanying text available at 25 Jan 2005 at  http://www.designboom.com/portrait/hr.html