178). For example, Sakkal reports that, "The measuring system of Ibn Muqlah is based on a circle with a diameter that equals the height of the letter Alef. It controls the correct proportions of the letters by comparing them to the circle, and by diagonal dots written with the calligraphy pen" (1993:9). In his analysis of Ibn Muqla's role in the standardization of the geometrical basis of Arabic writing, Ernst, citing an early treatise, illustrates the religious significance of the circle as being an integral part of these revisions to calligraphic script: "God (glory be to the Most High) created the world in a circular form. The master Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al- Husayn ibn Muqla the scribe (may God have mercy on him) realized that writing could be made circular. He transmitted that method of [round] Kufic in this fashion that is now current, so that….

Thus, the history of tattooing has come full circle, and one of the early cultures that enjoyed it the most is now seeing a resurrection of the craft and the artists that create it.
In conclusion, although tattoo artists today use modern machinery and a wide variety of inks to create their elaborate designs, the basic premise of tattooing remains the same. Inks and dyes are used to create permanent designs that indicate a person's interests, ideas, and even dreams. The tattoos are a mark of cultural beliefs, and even status, since elaborate tattoos can be extremely expensive in today's market. While they may be more elaborate, colorful, and creative than early tattoos, they serve much the same purpose in history. They are artistic, they are often spiritual, and they are the mark of courage and overcoming pain. Tattoos have a long place in history, and while their popularity may….

Video Games -- Artistic Medium
Our media-rich environment, in which digital technologies are proliferating faster than our cultural, legal, or educational institutions can keep up with them ... addresses our culture's contradictory imperatives for immediacy and hypermediacy" (Bolton, et al., 1999).

Should video games, which are interactive and bring a sense of immediacy to the participant, be considered an art form? Is it pushing the envelope too far to assert that video players are not only having fun and engaging in friendly competition, they are participating in an art form? This paper delves into that subject and points to the available scholarly literature that supports the idea that video games constitute an artistic medium.

The Literature on Video Games as an Artistic Medium

In the scholarly publication Library Technology Reports (LTR, 2006) the writer notes that increasingly "all types of libraries" are adding the phrase "gaming and libraries" to their list of services. Gaming….

Analysis of \\\"Agency as Art\\\" by C. Thi NguyenC. Thi Nguyen\\\'s \\\"Agency as Art\\\" is a chapter from his book \\\"Games: Agency as Art\\\" published by Oxford University Press, which is a world-renowned, highly reputable academic publisher. The chapter is certainly worthy of the publishing house and is a finely written, scholarly piece that fits nicely into the expected style of academic writing. In this case, the field into which it applies is the field of game studies and philosophy. The intended audience appears to be scholars, students, and even enthusiasts in the field of game studies, philosophy, and even digital humanities.Nguyen\\\'s main argument is that games are a unique form of art that allow players to explore different forms of agency. What does this mean? Essentially, Nguyen is referring to the idea that games provide a space for players to exercise control, a space where they can make decisions….

Post: Music
I have been lucky enough to have attended dozens of different concerts, in many different genres. Most recently I have been interested in electronic music and have seen a few local DJs as well as a few international ones. I have also seen some avant-garde rock, underground hiphop, punk, and "electroclash," like Peaches. I have seen symphony orchestras and arena rock, such as Bruce Springsteen too. hen people ask me what my favorite music is, I usually have a difficult time answering because I enjoy so much music, especially when it is performed live. Live music is special because it is never the same performance twice. hen I see a band or artist live, I am taking part in a moment of history.

People have become accustomed to listening to music with their headphones, which is great, except that headphones offer a limiting sonic experience. Other ways of engaging….

Art can come in many shapes, sizes, and mediums, yet one thing that all art has in common is its ability to connect to individuals and enable them to experience catharsis, that is illicit an emotional response. Some of the most awe-inspiring works of art are architectural such as the Lincoln Memorial, which bookmarks the National Mall in Washington, D.C.
The Lincoln Memorial is impressive and its sheer magnitude and size was unexpected. Walking up to the memorial, I realized that it was much larger than I had anticipated and that much like a temple, the actual memorial is located at the top of a series of steps. It was nothing like looking at the back of a penny or a five-dollar bill. The Lincoln Memorial successfully combining the concepts of form and function through its structure (Pearson Publication, Inc., 2009, p. 164). The memorial itself was designed by Henry acon,….

French omantic painter, Eugene Delacroix, is well-known from this period. Delacroix often took his subjects from literature but added much more by using color to create an effect of pure energy and emotion that he compared to music. He also showed that paintings can be done about present-day historical events, not just those in the past (Wood, 217). He was at home with styles such as pen, watercolor, pastel, and oil. He was also skillful in lithography, a new graphic process popular with the omantics. His illustrations of a French edition of Goethe's "Faust" and Shakespeare's "Hamlet" still stand as the finest examples in that medium.

Delacroix' painting "Massacre at Chios" is precisely detailed, but the action is so violent and the composition so dynamic that the effect is very disturbing (Janson, 678). With great vividness of color and strong emotion he pictured an incident in which 20,000 Greeks were killed….

He maintains that graphic design discussion is flawed for a number of reasons, and these flaws have led to distortions about graphic design and its principles. He writes, "He and other avant-garde artists made a major impact in the visual development of graphic design, but they also raised the importance of their esthetic approach to a point where they communication link with the common denominator they were addressing broke down" (Frascara 20). He maintains their designs were so "out there" that they lost their meaning and were actually detrimental to graphic design, rather than the positive influence many people thought they were.
He also maintains that graphic design is an art form, but that many designers aren't considering that graphic design is also a medium that communicates and is socially significant. He writes, "Furthermore, as an art form, graphic design is viewed only from an esthetic perspective, without enough consideration….

The process whereby the truth of a certain matter or problem is investigated is in and of itself an art form. Though the manner in which certain problems are investigated are very similar, they are also very different depending on the person conducting the experiment. Each scientists works in a unique manner as does each artists working to uncover beauty. Thus one may suggest that the quest for uncovering truth is much like the quest for discovering beauty. In fact, one may simply define beauty as the pursuit or discovery of the certain truth about something or someone.
As alike as these two concepts may be they are also irreconcilably different. In the process of finding the truth one must seek out concrete realities. Typically these realities have to be something that can be proved or disproved, based on reasoning and logic rather than subjective experience. Science often involves experimentation….

Art as Political tatement
It is almost impossible to completely separate art from the social and political context in which it originates. When considering art works from a variety of contexts and situations, it is clear that artist as often as not ignored and embraced politics as either inspiration for their work, or indeed treated it as a force to be shunned for its destruction of the creative spirit. Both acceptance and defiance of the political arena, it will be shown below, constitute a form of political statement in terms of art.

Expressionism

Expressionism began its evolution during the early part of the 20th century. This movement contrasted with impressionism in that it did not aim to reproduce, but rather to impose its views of objects in the world. When taken from a political context then, the political agenda is not always clear, as the artist is attempting to represent his or her….

People not only make art, but also choose which objects should be called art" (Art Pp).
Art critics refer to the work of Bulgarian-born Christo and American Robert Smithson as land art and earthworks (Art Pp). In February 2005, Christo and his wife, Jeanne-Claude, fulfilled a twenty-six-year-old dream art project when 7,500 saffron colored drapes hanging from 16-foot-high steel frames were unfurled as they wound their way through twenty-three miles of footpaths through Central Park (Sanders Pp). During a recent visit to New York City, reporter Bob Ray Sanders made a special stop to the park to witness "The Gates" for himself (Sanders Pp). His describes the contrast of the bright orange colors with the "grayness of stark barren trees and shrubbery did give the appearance of what the artists called a 'visual golden river' with many tributaries meandering through the park' (Sanders Pp). Sanders said that the bursts of….

Art
La Berceuse (Woman Rocking

Cradle) (Augustine-Alix

Pellicot Roulin, 1851-1930), 1889.

incent van Gogh

Dutch, 1853-1890). Oil on canvas. The Walter H. And Leonore Annenberg Collection,

Partial Gift of Walter H. And Leonore Annenberg, 1996

The world of art is diverse and rich coming together for appreciation overcoming all cultural barriers. The story of an Gogh and his astounding genius while creating canvases has captivated the interest and attention of millions around the world. Even when people cannot afford art they appreciated the creativity and charm that each of his pictures brings forth. Each of his strokes has a life of its own and the lifelike creation gives an illusion of perfection that is hard to imitate.

The Metropolitan Museum boasts one of his best creative efforts done late in his artistic life. ery near the time of his breakdown at Arles.

La Berceuse or a Woman Rocking a Cradle as it is commonly known as was painted around….

For example, his work "Icy Night" looks deceptively simple at first glance. It is simply a cold night, with a new layer of snow blanketing the ground and tree trunks. However, the trees fade off into the shadows like ghosts, and the streets are eerily empty and quiet. Stieglitz captures the mood of an "Icy Night" perfectly, and it is works like this that prove his theory that photography is indeed art, in fact, it may be one of the most creative forms of art, because no two photographers will see or capture the very same image, even if they are in the exact same spot at the exact same time. Stieglitz's work illustrates his premise, and he is most known for his body of work and how it represents art and culture, while illustrating everyday American objects and times.

eferences

Editors. "American Masters: Alfred Stieglitz." PBS.org. 2006. 22 Sept. 2007. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/stieglitz_a.html

Editors.….

Art
Please take a close look at two paintings of storms: Watteau's the Storm

painting comparison

Watteau's the Storm and Delacroix's the Sea of Galilee

The two paintings in question refer to different time periods in art history and more importantly, to different views about art and life. These views are also reflected in the style and the technique of the two paintings. Art is often a reflection of the times in which it is created. The social values and perceptions as well as the dominant religious and philosophical ideas of the time tend to be represented in art during a certain period. The following two paintings will be compared and contrasted in terms of their unique qualities, as well as in terms of the way they reflect the era and the dominant ethos of the time period in which they were created.

Comparison of Two Paintings

The development in art from Neoclassicism to the omantic….

The artworks prevalent during the early Middle Ages in many ways stand between these two extremes. The art of this period was one that was both religiously inclined but also celebrated the human form and human nature that was to become so prominent in the enaissance. In many ways much of early Medieval art was similar to the abstract and decorative art that we find in Islamic examples. An example that has been chosen to represent this early period of European art is the Gerona Bible Master from Bologna, Italy,

Figure 3.

(Source: http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/m/middleages.html)

This decorative example displays intricate artwork that emphasizes and enhances the Biblical context. The text or lyrics on the page refers to hymnal and religious phrases of praise, such as "Let us rejoice" (Art: Middle Ages). Note the way that the decorative images add depth to the aesthetics of the script and the manuscript as a whole.

Another good example….

Certainly! Here are a few unique and fresh essay topics on Japanese internment:

1. Exploring the Role of Japanese American Women during Internment: Discuss the experiences, contributions, and resilience of Japanese American women during the internment period, highlighting their role in preserving their communities and influencing social change.

2. The Psychological Impact of Internment on Japanese American Children: Analyze the long-term psychological effects that internment had on Japanese American children and how their experiences shaped their identity, relationships, and future aspirations.

3. Artistic Expression and Resistance in Internment Camps: Examine how interned Japanese Americans utilized various art forms, such as poetry, drawing, and....

1. The evolution of photography as an art form
2. The impact of social media on photography
3. The role of photojournalism in shaping public opinion
4. The ethics of photo manipulation and editing
5. The importance of composition and framing in photography
6. The representation of cultural diversity in photography
7. The use of photography in documenting historical events
8. The psychology of photography and its influence on perception
9. The future of photography in the digital age
10. The power of visual storytelling through photography.
11. The influence of famous photographers on modern photography trends
12. The intersection of technology and photography in the 21st century
13. The significance of....

Title: Unveiling the Tapestry of Cultural Diversity: Exploring How the Ordinary Becomes Extraordinary

Introduction:
In the intricate tapestry of human existence, there lies a kaleidoscope of cultures, each with its unique customs, beliefs, and practices. What may seem ordinary and mundane to one individual can be extraordinary and fascinating to another. This essay delves into the captivating realm of cultural diversity, examining how the typical and familiar can transform into the different and unusual when viewed through the lens of contrasting cultural perspectives. By exploring real-life examples and insightful anecdotes, we will uncover the beauty and significance of embracing cultural differences and....

I. Introduction
A. Explanation of poetry and music collaborations
B. Importance of these collaborations in Ireland
C. Overview of the essay

II. Historical background of poetry and music collaborations in Ireland
A. The tradition of combining poetry and music
B. Famous Irish poets and musicians who have collaborated in the past

III. Characteristics of Irish poetry and music collaborations
A. Common themes explored in collaborations
B. Styles and genres of music often used in collaborations
C. Impact of collaborations on the artistic scene in Ireland

IV. Notable examples of successful poetry and music collaborations in Ireland
A. Seamus Heaney and The Chieftains
B.....