Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the science and art of developing machines that simulate human intelligence. AI is frequently used for routine tasks that would normally involve human skills, such as visual perception, speech-recognition, and decision making. o me, Apple's Siri application is a good example of commonly-used AI technology. AI is particularly useful in the medical field, as it has allowed for better monitoring of patients combined with a more efficient utilization of resources. One way that it has done so is by using AI to replace human beings in certain applications. For example, a very technical application of AI is in radiology and imaging, where computers can be used to read imaging reports, eliminating the risk of human error, and allowing diagnosis prior to when a human doctor could detect human abnormalities (AAAI, 2013). However, applications like that one could be accomplished through traditional programming that may or may….

Artificial Intelligence and the Human Brain
Although artificial intelligence is not a new debate topic, until now, there is no exact evidence that proves that scientists and philosophies have been reaching an agreement about the existence of this feature in our world. Scientists still claim that artificial intelligence is possible to achieve and the next technology advancement would be able to release the creation. On the other hand, many parties persist with their disagreement on the creation of human-intelligent machine.

In the reality, computer scientists have made much progress with their machine improvement that follow the concept of artificial intelligence. The earlier generation had built computer as the assisting device to accomplish difficult mathematics calculation and completing time-consuming tasks. In the future, computer scientists expect that they would be able to create computer that would be able to make their own decision just like human being does, with extra points on the….

Artificial Intelligence
What if these theories are really true, and we were magically shrunk and put into someone's brain while he was thinking. We would see all the pumps, pistons, gears and levers working away, and we would be able to describe their workings completely, in mechanical terms, thereby completely describing the thought processes of the brain. But that description would nowhere contain any mention of thought! It would contain nothing but descriptions of pumps, pistons, levers!

Gottfried Willhelm Leibniz (1679).

Not even a century ago -- in fact, not even a half-century ago -- few people could have imagined the present-day world with computers operating most of the government and business processes and the Internet running in millions of homes. Thus it would have been nearly impossible to comprehend artificial intelligence (AI) and that scientists would try to create a machine (AI) to learn, adapt, reason, correct or improve itself. Whether or….

Artificial Intelligence
Intelligence is the ability to learn about, to learn from and understand and interact with one's environment. Artificial intelligence is the intelligence of machines and is a multidisciplinary field which involves psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience and computer science. It enables machines to become capable of doing those things which the human mind can do. Though the folklore of artificial intelligence dates back to a long time ago, it actually became available to people only after the development of the electronic computer. Today research in artificial intelligence is so highly invested in and the field has significantly advanced to such an extent that it has become a huge part of our lives and it is considered to be America's Next big thing.

Introduction:

If we look at the definition of intelligence, there are probably infinite ones. But if we put it into the most refined words, then intelligence is only ones….

Artificial Intelligence Bill of ights
This essay argues that the artificially intelligent (AI), non-biological machines correctly should have been granted legal status and personhood, and as such, were entitled to a Bill of ights for their equal protection under the law. Passage of the AI Bill of ights in 2015 represented a landmark victory in the history of civil rights.

AIs had not been always recognized as legal persons. In fact, the notion that a machine could be considered a person generated controversy when it was initially proposed. It was only in the early 2000s that a movement began to remove the artificial distinction between human, person, and property. Calverley (2005) laid the ground work for this radical change when he established a legal basis for non-biological machines to become legal persons. He analyzed the doctrine of intentionality, arguing that if a non-biological machine can form an intention and can act intentionally….

Most significantly, the use of LSI technologies to create more effective insights into how to improve customer service as evidenced by the use of AI was part of Decision Support Systems (DSS) (Phillips-Wren, Mora, Forgionne, Gupta, 2009) is growing. Second, the creation of ontological databases that aligns to person's roles (Pinto, Marques, Santos, 2009) is also now possible. This translates into the use of AI to provide contextual guidance to decision makers based on their previous preferences and previous patterns of decisions, making DSS results optimized (Phillips-Wren, Mora, Forgionne, Gupta, 2009).
eferences

AnHai Doan, & Alon Y Halevy. (2005). Semantic-Integration esearch in the Database Community: A Brief Survey. AI Magazine, 26(1), 83-94.

Fortuna, C., & Mohorcic, M.. (2009). Trends in the development of communication networks: Cognitive networks. Computer Networks, 53(9), 1354.

Phillips-Wren, G., Mora, M., Forgionne, G., & Gupta, J.. (2009). An integrative evaluation framework for intelligent decision support systems. European Journal of….

Looking at other possibilities, however, the idea of creating a part organic, part mechanical computer holds much promise in the way for developing a human-like AI technology. Human brain processes ad functions that are unique to humans are many, and while every person has different life experiences, perceptions, genetics, and understandings, it is very difficult to understand exactly how they all incorporate themselves into everyday human life and decision-making.
Organic growth technologies would give current AI technologies a hybrid of organic functions as well as mechanical or digital functions (Floreano and Mattiussi, 2008). This is to say that organic computing allows the human brain to grow and learn from experiences as well as store memories wile culling the least used and least useful information. This helps make room for new learning as well as serving to de-clutter the brain itself (Wallach, Franklin, and Allen, 2010). Even these most basic processes….

ibliography

Daniel Dennett (1998) rainchildren: Essays on Designing Minds. MIT Press, 1998.

Arthur R. Jensen (1998) Does IQ matter? Commentary, pages 20-21, November 1998.

John McCarthy (1959) Programs with Common Sense in Mechanisation of Thought Processes, Proceedings of the Symposium of the National Physics Laboratory, pages 77-84, London, U.K., 1959. Her Majesty's Stationery Office.

John McCarthy (1989) Artificial Intelligence, Logic and Formalizing Common Sense.

In Richmond Thomason, editor, Philosophical Logic and Artificial Intelligence. Kluver Ac

John McCarthy (1990) Formalizing Common Sense: Papers by John McCarthy. Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1990.

John McCarthy (1996) Defending AI research: a collection of essays and reviews.

CSLI lecture notes: no. 49. Center for the Study of Language and Information, 1996.

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John McCarthy (1996) Concepts of Logical AI, 1996

Tom Mitchell (1997) Machine Learning McGraw-Hill, 1997.

Murray Shanahan (1997) Solving the Frame Problem, a mathematical investigation of the common sense law of inertia. M.I.T. Press, 1997.

Richmond Thomason (2003) Logic and artificial intelligence.

In….

Artificial Intelligence Applications in Business
AI or artificial intelligence represents the part of the computer science field that deals with creation of machines, which can simulate human intelligence. Intelligent and optimal approaches to problem-solving are needed today in all sectors, irrespective of whether the issue is straightforward or complex. Developers and research scholars are constantly attempting to create increasingly more intelligent and efficient software and machines, and here's where AI plays a part, in the development of optimal and efficient search algorithm solutions/programs (Tabassum & Mathew, 2014).

Expert systems

Individuals are valuable in the business domain, as they carry out important business-related tasks. A number of business tasks necessitate expertise, which is typically found in an individual's brain; also, this is the lone place in a company where it may be obtained. AI is able to offer organizations expert systems having the ability to capture expertise, thereby enabling its utilization by individuals who….

The bot is simply responding using patterns of human speech and is not producing its thoughts on its own. Artificial Intelligence will require original thought from the computer, as well as some sort of emotional response or desire to gain more information. It may be said that in the future even more advanced chatbots are going to be invented, ones that will be completely foolproof. Even these, however, will not provide us with enough evidence of intelligence or consciousness. Fooling human beings into thinking that the AI is intelligent is only part of proving its intelligence. The more important aspects are found in the careful studying of the artificial intelligence's behavior in order to find patterns that show an increasingly intelligence program as well as interaction with human beings that is prolonged and intelligent.
In conclusion, artificial intelligence and machine thinking is on the horizon, and will reshape the way….

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Nigerian Legal SystemIntroductionThe world is undergoing major changes due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a critical driver of the major changes. AI has introduced the innovative adoption of deep learning and machine learning algorithms that have affected several industries. AI has been of major significance in the legal sector and has been considered a tool that may ease lawyers' bulk work. However, in Nigeria, the idea of AI has not been fully accepted in the legal industry. Nigerian's conservative nature has been a deterring factor to innovation. AI has been perceived as an innovation that contributes to unemployment and destabilizes the status quo. This paper aims at offering a pragmatic and legal perspective of AI in Nigeria. The focus will be on identifying the place of Artificial Intelligence (AI)) in the Nigerian Legal System and the potential effects….

information systems risk, threats and related methods of risk mitigation. Specifically, we will examine systems based upon artificial intelligence (AI), including those for managing component content as well as document management. We will also consider newer systems designed to provide protection in emerging technology areas such as the internet, mobile communications and social networks, each of which presents unique challenges and threats requiring novel responses and methods of intervention.
In the Enterprise Information Management Institute (EIMI) model, managing information security involves the safeguarding of several key aspects of information assets against risk, namely confidentiality, privacy, and competitive advantage (EIMI, 2007). Information assets commonly occur in the form of documents, messages, images, maps, multimedia binaries, or other formats.

The Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) identifies the concept of Information Assurance (IA) isk Management, along with a holistic view and framework for national security inclusive of methods, processes and tools. The CNSS….

Ex Machina and the Fears Surrounding the Implementation of AI Technology
The 2015 film Ex-Machina, written and directed by Alex Garland is a futuristic/dystopian film that is set "ten minutes from now" according to the director. What he meant was that the technology to create lifelike AI is at hand and no one would be too surprised to find out that Google or Apple had already taken the next steps in this direction. However, as the film shows, there are a number of fears and problems associated with the concept of artificial intelligence getting out of control or taking on a life of its own (through the development of consciousness). In effect, Ava the AI robot in Ex-Machina becomes like Frankenstein's monster, seeking to grasp the notion of existence and life and to be the one who decides whether she lives or dies (is shutdown and rebooted or allowed to escape….

Should Artificial Intelligence (AI) Take Over the Decision-Making Process? Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in sensitive areas such as healthcare, the criminal justice system, and hiring processes. Courts today use AI systems to assess offenders’ risk of recidivism and the likelihood of flight for offenders awaiting trial. One such algorithm is the Arnold Foundation algorithm, which uses 1.5 million criminal cases to predict defendant’s behaviors during pretrial hearings (Zavrsnik, 2020). With such advancements, there is a growing debate on whether AI should fully replace human decision-making due to its ability to eliminate human bias. Sources have shown that contrary to popular belief, AI decisions are not always less biased than human systems. For instance, a 2016 investigation by ProPublica showed that data–driven AI used by courts to assess the risk of recidivism was biased against minorities and people of color (Silberg & Manyika, 2019). In the UK, a computer….

Artificial Intelligence in Education: Transforming the Future of Learning

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer the realm of science fiction. With its increasing presence in every sector, from healthcare to finance, it's no surprise that education is now on the AI radar. But what does this mean for the future of learning? This essay delves into the impact of AI on education, examining its benefits, potential challenges, and where the field might be headed.
1. The Promise of AI in Education
Personalized Learning: One of the significant advantages of AI in education is the possibility of personalized learning. Traditional classroom settings often cater to the 'average' student, leaving those who are either advanced or need extra help to fend for themselves. AI-powered platforms can analyze a student's strengths, weaknesses, preferences, and pace, offering tailor-made lessons. As a result, each student receives a unique learning experience, maximizing their potential.
K-12 Tools and Tutors: Several platforms,….