Digitization Essays (Examples)

Cargo Security Management: How Digitization Can Help Safeguard the Shipping
Abstract
This paper examines how digitization can help safeguard the shipping industry by providing security monitoring of cargo, communications for shipping vessels, better surveillance for ports, and better protection through a number of technologies made possible by digitization services. Relevant literature is examined and perspectives on digitization are compared and contrasted to reveal strengths and weaknesses of the adoption of digitization in cargo security management. The paper concludes with a recommendation on whether digitization should be implemented in the industry or avoided because of costs to updating infrastructure.
Introduction
In the field of cargo security management, technology plays a pivotal role, not only in how shipping is managed but also in how far risk is mitigated and security established through systems-wide control mechanisms. To help protect cargo and supply chains, digitization has been shown to be an effective approach that…

References
Ahokas, J., Kiiski, T., Malmsten, J., & Ojala, L. (2017). Cybersecurity in ports: a conceptual approach. In Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL)(pp. 343-359).
Fruth, M., & Teuteberg, F. (2017). Digitization in maritime logistics—What is there and what is missing?. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1411066.
Heilig, L., Schwarze, S. & Vob, S. (2017) An analysis of digital transformation in the history and future of modern ports. Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1341-1350.
Meier, J. (2013) Interview with Mr. Jens Meier. Shippers’ Journal Retrieved from http://www.bvl.de/files/429/883/Shippers_Journal_Interview_Interview_with_Mr._Jens_Meier.pdf
Rahman, M., Saifullah, A. Z. A., & Dhaka, B. (2016). The effectiveness of container inspection systems (CIS) on ports management in Bangladesh. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research (IJEMR), 6(5), 267-272.

Ehr in Healthcare

The emergency of the new information technology solutions in society and in business in the United States has been a game-changer in many ways. Just one of those things that has changed greatly is the shift towards digitization of records and processes in the healthcare sector. In the past, hard copy records and other physical methods were the norm and were in fact expected. However, there has been a shift towards making PDF or other digital file formats out of all records so that they can be shared and sent quickly rather than relying on physical handling such as from department to department or via the mail or other physical delivery means. While the kinks of the new digital healthcare paradigm are being worked out, it is absolutely the future and it is what the new norm should be.

Analysis

When it comes to information technology and…

References

Jamshed, N., Ozair, F., Sharma, A., & Aggarwal, P. (2015). Ethical issues in electronic health records: A general overview. Perspect Clin Res, 6(2), 73.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-3485.153997 

Layman, E. (2016). Ethical issues and the electronic health record. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2 August 2016, from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18475119

In his own words he is -- "more like a chef, because I bring my personal taste in sound." (Waves. com (b))

6) Who were/are the engineer's important artists?

Some of the most noted works were for these musicals -- "Genesis the Lamb Lies Down on Broadway & a Trick of the Tail are masterpieces the others are -- Deep Purple Machine Head, Frampton Comes Alive, Led Zeppelin, the Who Quadrophenia, Pink Floyd Wish You Were Here, Def Leppard Hysteria and Chic Good Times." (Waves. com (b)). Some noted songs were Joe Cocker's Unchain My Heart album, Tina Turner's Foreign Affair album, remixes of Madonna's 'La Isla Bonita', Springsteen's 'Dancing in the Dark', 'Cover Me', and 'Born in the U.S.A.'. Carly Simon's Coming Around Again album and 12'Khan's Destiny album, the olling Stones' "Too Much Blood" and more like the ocky IV soundtrack, Some sound tracks he produced include the…

References

BBC. Chris Lord-Alge Biography. BBC, 2012,



Molly, M. Sound Sampling Protection and Infringement in Today's Music Industry" High

Tech. L.J. vol. 4, no. 1, 1989, pp: 147-151.

Forensic Case Study

Enrique Camarena

The abduction of Enrique Camarena

The abduction of Enrique Camarena presents numerous interesting and unusual features regarding the gathering of forensic evidence. Many of obstacles that arose over the course of the investigation can be traced to the fact that the DEA Special Agent was apprehended in Mexico, where U.S. laws about preserving evidence did not apply. The Mexican police force (at least at the time of the abduction in 1984) was much more prone to corruption and bribery by persons engaged in illegal drug trafficking than U.S. law enforcement. ather than seeing to assist the DEA in bringing the murderers of Camarena to justice, the Mexican police often acted as obstacles, not assistants.

The real perpetrators of the murder of Camarena concocted a scheme with certain select members of the Mexican policy whereby Camarena's body (and the body of Capt. Alfredo Zavala, a Mexican…

References

Collecting evidence from human bodies. (2001). CA Department of Justice. Retrieved:

 http://www.crime-scene-investigator.net/CAbodies.pdf 

Gaensslen, R.E., & Larsen, K. (2013). Introductory forensic science. San Diego, CA:

Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Function Outsourcing

IT Function Outsourcing

The advancements in the field of information technology have paved way for digitization of operations and automation of functions. In the recent decade it has become a need which is the source of cost reduction, efficient operation and competitive advantage as well. This is the reason; almost every organization is seriously considering the option of introducing IT in its operations. Since information technology is the combination of computer technology and communication technology, it has specialised body of knowledge and people with specialised skills are required in the field. Many organizations have developed an altogether new department of IT to look after the routine operations, maintenance of IT hardware and software and perform support functions whenever required.

Keeping in view the vast scale at which IT operations are conducted and the standardized software tools coming in the market to meet the requirements of many organizations in…

References

Corbett, M.F. (2004). The outsourcing Revolution. USA: Kaplan Publishing.

Hudson, H.E. (2006). From Rural Village to Global Village. New Jersey: Routledge.

Mclvor, R., Wall, A. And Humphreys, P. (2009). A study of Performance Measurement in outsourcing decision. UK: CIMA Publishing.

Tho, I. (2005). Managing the Risk of IT outsourcing. USA: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann.

Within these findings are many insights and differences in opinion as to the benefits and caveats of XBL adoption. In the a case of HMC, privacy issues are a key factor in the reason for their partial adoption of XBL, rather than the full adoption undertaken by CH. The interviewees were from varied backgrounds and included three from HMC and four from CH. They included persons from many different facets of the project. They included interviews from accountancy, the Manager of Online Services, a Technical Architect, and a Process Advisor. These interviewees represent technical personnel who are directly involved in the project implementation. The list of interviewees also included senior management, including the Head of Development, Senior Project Manager, and Business Systems Analyst.

The interviewees represent diversity in opinions among those in various phases of the project. They represent numerous disciplines that are involved as well. Each professional was concerned…

References

Keeling, D. (2009). HTML - XML - XBRL - iXBRL - what's it all about-AccountancyAge. August 17, 2009.  http://keelinguncorked.accountancyage.com/2009/08/html-xml-xb.html

The Registrar is further responsible for the computerized collection management system, legal documents, and files associated with acquisitions, condition reports, accessioning, cataloguing, loans, packing, shipping, inventory, insurance and storage. (Patch, 2004)

III. The LIRARY

Librarians generally focus on one of three aspects of work in the library, which include: (1) user services; (2) technical services; and (3) administrative services. Librarians utilize the most recent information technology for conducting research, classification of materials, and assisting students and patrons in their search for information. Librarians must have a broad range of knowledge relating to scholarly and public information sources and "must follow trends related to publishing, computers, and the media in order to oversee the selection and organization of library materials." (U.S. Department of Labor, ureau of Labor Statistics, 2008) Responsibilities of the librarian include management of staff and development and direction of "...information programs and system for the public" (U.S. Department…

Bibliography

Nich, C. (2008) Guide to College Majors in Museum Studies - Online Education Guide. WorldWideLearn Online available at  http://www.worldwidelearn.com/online-education-guide/arts-humanities/museum-studies-major.htm 

Patch, Chuck (2004) a strategic Concern with Practical Solutions: What's the Difference Between a Registrar and a Cataloguer? MCN Minneapolis. 12 Nov 2004. Online available at  http://www.mcn.edu/conference/MCN2004/delegate/presentations/calmmcn.pdf 

Bishoff, Liz (2000) Interoperability and Standards in a Museum/Library Collaborative: The Colorado Digitization Project. First Monday Journal. Online available at  http://www.firstmonday.org/Issues/issue5_6/bishoff/ 

Librarians (2008) U.S. Department of Labor - Bureau of Justice Statistics. Occupational Outlook Handbook. Online available at  http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos068.htm

Information technology has advanced a long way since its invention and in today's hi-tech world; IT is continuously enhancing its ways towards comforts and luxuries. New thoughts and ideas are coming with every passing second, and what started as only a blurred vision, now became a necessity for all mankind. In this essay, a glimpse of the journey of IT is provided from the start till present and its effects over individual and social aspects. The journey begins with the digitization in 1950s. It was the time when overall, every machine was operated on the analogue system and there were no signs of digital information and communication technology. The history begins with the invention of transistor in the year 1947, which converts analogue signals into digital signals of binary format and can be used in many ways in electronic circuits. This invention really embarked its name in the field of…

In addition to that, the libraries also had to launch various training programs in order to ensure that their employees possess the appropriate skills that are being required by the operations and activities of the organization. (Foo, Chaudry, Majid & Logan, 2002)

Changing Demands of Users

Due to a significant change in the academic environment, an ever increasing emphasis was laid down on group work and self-study. The students, therefore, started looking for online information in the academic libraries. The libraries faced a challenge of increased consumer demand and had to work on customer services and proper and timely availability of information. The libraries needed to provide the consumers with user friendly services. They also had to analyze the changes in consumer demands and had to provide the services that best fit the requirements of changing academic world. (Maponya, 2004)

Conclusion

The academic libraries are an important component and information…

Borgman, C. Central Technological University Library (CTK), (2000). Challenges for academic libraries in the networked world (UDC 027.7:004.738). Retrieved from Central Technological University Library (CTK) website: http://www.ctk.uni-lj.si/publikacije/2002/posvet2002-borgman.pdf

Foo, S., Chaudry, a.S., Majid, S.M., & Logan, E. School of Communication and Information, Division of Information Studies. (2002). Academic libraries in transition -- challenges ahead. Retrieved from School of Communication and Information website:  http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/sfoo/publications/2002/02wls_fmt.pdf 

Maponya, P.M. School of Human and Social Studies, Information Studies Programme. (2004). Knowledge management practices in academic libraries: a case study of the university of natal, Pietermaritzburg libraries . Retrieved from School of Human and Social Studies website: http://mapule276883.pbworks.com/f/Knowledge management practices in academic libraries.pdf

Effect of External and Internal Environment
Introduction
Organizations have both an internal and external environment. To begin with, the forces or circumstances within the borderline of the organization are the components of the internal environment. Notably, the internal environment comprises for the most part of the owners, employees, board of directors, stakeholders, and the corporate culture. On the other hand, factors that are extrinsic to the organization are the components of the external environment. It is imperative to note that these are elements that the organization bears no control of as they impact the entire the industry and therefore the organization cannot influence how such aspects will shape up (Nieuwenhuizen, Badenhorst-Weiss, and Rossouw, 2008). On the other hand, factors within the internal environment are those that the organization can control and have an effect on how they will turn out to be. The external environment is categorized into the general…

There could be several areas in which hospitals can find themselves in trouble -- ethically speaking, again -- when it comes to doctor/patient contact -- i.e., what is appropriate and what is not.

Security issues will also become quite important in the future as hospitals and other medical centers adopt greater technology. There are strict HIPAA standards that hospitals must live up to and social media sites and other e-contact could be a violation of these standards. With greater technology comes the likelihood of new types of security breaches, which will mean that the hospital must have a very savvy it department to make sure that there are not any security issues having to do with information leaks, etc.

Overall, health care organizations adopting new technology is the way of the future. Even our President has changed politics and how he relates to the American people via his capabilities with…

References:

Fagel, M. (2011). "Obama, social media, and presidential advances in communication technology." Politics daily. Accessed on January 29, 2011:

 http://www.politicsdaily.com/2010/05/09/is-obama-using-social-media-to-bypass -

the-press-corps/

Kumekawa, J. (2005). "Overview: HIPAA: How our health care world has changed." the

Cyber Feminism, Gender and Technology

Cyberfeminism, Gender and Technology

Feminist movement found on the internet is known as Cyberfeminism. In recent times, the term has gained controversial status. Cyberfeminism, a fundamental issue from the feminist perspective, is mostly ignored by researchers and academics. It concentrates on empowerment of women through the cyberspace. Furthermore, it deals with female enlightenment and concentrates on creating awareness on how the digital technologies can influence the rights and social status of women. The digital technologies act as a medium of re-embodying the issue of racism and gender. Internet is the new medium used to erase the identity of women; that is; women are the erased race. However, the internet has played a significant role in promoting Cyberfeminism by pointing out that several feminist studies and internet activities are done by the online media. It cannot be denied that technology plays an important role in promoting…

Work Cited:

1. Chon, Margaret. Erasing Race? A Critical Race Feminist View of Internet Identity Shifting, 1999.

2. Nakamura, Lisa. Digitizing Race: Visual Cultures of the Internet. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.

3. Nakamura, Lisa. Cybertypes: Race, Ethnicity, and Identity on the Internet. London: Routledge, 2002.

4. Wilding, Faith. Where is Feminism in Cyberfeminism?. 28 March 2006. Cyberfeminist International. 4 June 2011.

Capacity and Demand econcilliation

Capacity & Demand econciliation

Measure: Aggregate Capacity and Demand

ABC University Library at the Dublin Business School has been charged with providing a capacity and demand report in anticipation of the university's long-range capital expenditures budget development activities, as part of the institution's strategic planning process. Further, the strategic goals of the university include improving customer satisfaction and advocacy in order to attract more desirable student applicants and to expand the number of new students the university is able to accommodate. Since it first opened 10 years ago, the ABC Library has not conducted a study of capacity and demand. Library staff are concerned that the university's perception of library usage is unfavorably skewed. Accordingly, library staff will commence a formal study to develop a capacity planning and control strategy to present to the capital budget finance committee. The library staff is particularly focused on understanding…

References

Carlson, S. 2006, September 1 Library Renovation Leads to Soul Searching at Cal Poly. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved  http://chronicle.com/free/v53/i02/02a05901.htm .

Cohen, A. 2011, May 4. Kindle lending library -- (e-book) learning environment. [Blog]. Aaron Cohen Associates. Retrieved  http://www.acohen.com/blog/?tag=library-space-planning 

Cohen, A. And Cohen, E. 1979 Designing and space planning for libraries: A behavioral guide. New York, NY: R.R.Bowker. Retrieved  http://www.textbooksrus.com  / search/BookDetail/?isbn=0835211509&kbid=1067

Howard, J. 2009, October 16 Special collections as laboratories [Blog], Wired Campus, Chronicles of Higher Education. Retrieved  http://chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus  / special-collections-as-laboratories/8490

Innovation Models Lead to a Sustainable Business -- Closed vs. Open Innovation

Following the introduction of the concept of open innovation, the exploration in the area has increased significantly. Open innovation involves the utilization of purposive knowledge inflows and outflows to help in the acceleration of internal innovation and the expansion of external markets for innovation. On the other hand, closed innovation refers to a situation where every activity is carried out within the organization and for the benefit of the organization. There are strong arguments for both approaches.

The Shift from Closed to Open

Innovation previously adopted a linear view where the focus was on science and tended to favour 'closed' systems. This approach would later be replaced by a more interactive and 'open' model that was grounded on continuous education and learning for all participating parties. The evolution and constant changes in the micro and macro environment produces…

References

Aranha, E. A., Garcia, N. P. & Correa, G., 2015. Open Innovation and Business Model: A Brazilian Company Case Study. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, pp. 91-98.

Arora, A., Fosfuri, A. & Gambardella, A., 2004. Markets for Technology. The MIT Press.

Brunswicker, S. & Ehrenmann, F., 2013. Managing Open Innovation in SMEs: A Good Practice Example of a German Software Firm. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, pp. 33-41.

Chesbrough, H., 2003. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing.

Target
Trends – External Environment
Target is subject to a number of different trends that affect its business. These include external factors in the economic, technological, political and social environments. The economic environment has the most direct impact on a company like Target that sells a broad range of consumer staples to a broad audience across the entire country. During the last major recession, Target struggled with sales that tracked GDP, flatlined margins and slugglish profit trends, all the result of consumers reeling in their spending during a time of substantial economic uncertainty (Marketwatch, 2010). For many consumers, Target is seen as slightly higher on the discount hierarchy, so when there is a recession, they trade down to Wal-Mart, dollar stores and warehouse stores to save even more money on staples (Marketwatch, 2010).
The political environment is less a factor in Target’s business, until of course it affects the economy.…

Control over information access in a society is like control anything else, whether it is opium or food safety. Google's use of directing Google.cn users through to Google.co.hk is "fundamentally politically subversive," as Mr. David M. Lampton says. It an abuse of the principle that underlies Hong Kong's governance of "one country, two systems," (New York Times) and was an aggressive attack on Chinese sovereignty.

The counter-argument is that China should allow Google to keep its search engine open in Hong Kong so that Chinese mainlanders can have access to the breadth of information on par with what the rest of the world can access. This is the only way that China can engage in commerce with other countries. Google already posesses a third of China's search engine market share, and if Google just disappears, loyal Googlers will experience a setback in business operations. Google's exit from China could be…

Works Cited

"Baidu.com." Alexa.com: The Web Information Company. <  http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/baidu.com > Updated Accessed 22 April 2010.

Chi, Jin, and Lamb, Megan,. "China Mobile, Google Launch Cooperation: Creating Leading Mobile Search Service in China." Press release. Posted 1/04/2007 2. Accesed 17 April 2010 at 5:48pm PST. © Google, Inc.

Drummond, David, SVP. The Official Google Blog: Insights from Googlers into our products, technology, and the Google culture. "A new approach to China." Blog post. Posted1/12/2010 03:00:00 PM . Accessed 17 April 2010, 5:56pm PST. © 2009 Google, Inc.

Google Investor Relations. "Google Announces First Quarter 2010 Financial Results." 4/15/2010. Accessed 17 April 2010.

By offshoring tasks, companies can also focus on their core business, allowing them to grow more rapidly, increase organizational value, and complexity. In an increasingly competitive world, these benefits can mean the difference between success and failure.

Conclusion:

Globalisation and international expansion are two driving forces in organizational change, in today's world and likely will continue to be of increasing importance as the world becomes more competitive. As such, corporate strategies must be put into place that will effectively utilize the opportunities that arise from these forces, as well as safeguard against emerging threats. Increasing competition from foreign competitors is one of these threats, while international expansion offers great opportunities. Product diversification is also a corporate strategy that must be undertaken to meet the needs of consumers in different geographic regions. In addition, to remain competitive, corporate strategy can use outsourcing, as a byproduct of increased globalisation..

eferences

Hill, C.W.…

References

Hill, C.W. (2007). Global Business Today. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Hitt, M., Hoskisson, R., & Kim, H. 1997, "International diversification: Effects of innovation and firm performance in product-diversified firms," Academy of Management Journal vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 767-798.

Kennedy, R. May 2009, "The tough game you have to play," Financial Executive vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 23-26.

Leandri, S. (1 May 2000), Proven strategies for international expansion, [Online], Available:  http://www.expansionmanagement.com/cmd/articledetail/articleid/15317/default.asp .

Microsoft has not yet taken a stand on DRM issues nor have the defined their strategies for dealing with the intricacies of RIAA and NARAS as it relates to the content purchased. As a result, consumers vary of the RIAA and NARAS are taking a much more cautious approach to adopting the Microsoft digital music store as a result. There is a very good chance however that Microsoft will concentrate on an aggressive strategy to eventually attain DRM-free status of their downloads while also appeasing the legal entities that dominate this industry. Their challenges and the series of efforts they will need to make in order for this entire strategy to be successful will be fascinating to watch evolve over the coming years. Yet these two examples illustrate a fundamental fact about the future of Internet-based distribution of music and digital media, and that is only larger, more vertically oriented…

Bibliography

Apple, Investor Relations (2009). Investor Relations. Retrieved May 7, 2009, from Apple Investor Relations and Filings with the SEC Web site:  http://www.apple.com/investor/ 

Anirban Banerjee, Michalis Faloutsos, Laxmi Bhuyan. (2008). The P2P war:

Someone is monitoring your activities. Computer Networks, 52(6), 1272.

Grant Buckler (2006, July). Bull from the entertainment industry. Computer Dealer News, 22(10), 11.

g. "Remember to read this article before writing essay"; (7) the ability to save a list of search results to the personal area and also to edit a saved search; (8) Ability to add individual resources contained within search results to their personal area; (9) Personalized current awareness - searches that can be re-run automatically at a specified time; (10) the ability for the user to share their resource collections with other system users by assigning read and perhaps also edit rights to other users; (11) Ability to personalize the look of their personal area - the colors etc.; and (12) Where relevant, the ability to change the title/name of the personal area, collection names in personal area, names of resources in personal area etc." (Pearce and erko, nd) Finally, the customization functionality enables the library staff in tailoring the system to meet the specific needs of both the library…

Bibliography

Medina, AG, and Coso, T. (2005) "Libraries - a voyage of discovery" World Library and Information Congress: 71th IFLA General Conference and Council

Pearce, J. And Berko, M. (nd) Hybrid library requirements defined by HeadLine. National Library of Australia.

Pearce, J. And Berko, M. (nd) the Hybrid Library Revisited. National Library of Australia.

Rusbridge, C. And Royan, B. (2000) Toward the Hybrid Library: Development in UK Higher Education. In IFLA Council and General Conference Proceedings 66th Jerusalem, Israel, August 13-18, 20000. Online available at http://www.ofla.org/IV/ifla66/papers/001-142e.htm.

Cable television also opened up the medium to numerous types of television programming that had previously been excluded, simply because it could never have competed with the demand for mainstream types of programs during the same time slot.

Initially, cable television was only available in the largest markets like New York and Los Angeles and it was priced out of the range of most consumers. The technology also required a cable connecting the television to the channel box, which often was the size of small dinner platter. Within a few years, the technology advanced to the point of providing microwave remote controls that were no larger than those already included with many television sets.

The addition of virtually unlimited available channels resulted in the creation of dozens of specialty-interest program content such as cable television channels dedicated exclusively to history, science, nature, sports, politics, and comedy, to name just several.…

In the 1999 report of William Cohen to the U.S. President and U.S. Congress reveals that the strategic vision sets out what the United States has on its agenda to accomplish in relation to technological and logistical strategies. Included in these strategies are modernization of intelligence processes as well as security, information operations, information assurance, and critical infrastructure protection. In a 2004 Department of Defense Submission - Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Inquiry into Australian-United States Defense Relations' report, it is stated that the alliance, now ongoing for approximately fifty-three years between the United States and Australia "has never been closer." (2004) it is stated that the ANZUS Treaty provides "shape, depth and weight to the Australia-U.S. alliance and remains today the foundation of a relationship that is one of our greatest national assets." (Cohen, 2004) the continued commitment of the United States to the Asia…

Bibliography

Transatlantic Interoperability in Defense Industries: How the U.S. And Europe Could Better Cooperate in Coalition Military Operations, September 2002.: http://www.europeaninstitute.org/pdf/IO.pdf

Engler, Alan; Glodowski, Al; and Lee, Rocky (2004) Coalition Operations: Politically Necessary Yet Operationally Challenging. 8 Mar 2008. Online available at http://www.jfsc.ndu.edu/current_students/documents_policies/documents/jca_cca_awsp/Coalition_operations_4-5-04.doc

Cohen, William S. (1999) Annual Report to the President and the Congress. Secretary of Defense DOD report 1999. Online available at  http://www.dod.mil/execsec/adr1999/index.html 

Statement of Admiral Dennis C. Blair, U.S. Navy Commander in Chief U.S. Pacific Command Before the House International Relations Committee Subcommittee on East Asia and the Pacific and Subcommittee on Middle East and South Asia on U.S. Pacific Command Posture (2002) 27 February 2002 Online available at  http://www.fas.org/asmp/resources/govern/107_hircBlair.htm

Table 2: Distribution of evenue by Product Area

Source: (Apple Investor elations, 2008) (Prudential Equity Group LLC, 2006)

Planning

The cornerstone of Apple's planning processes is the continual development of products and services that compliment the product and services ecosystem shown in Figure 1 (Apple Investor elations, 2008) (Prudential Equity Group LLC, 2006).

Figure 1: Apple Product and Services Ecosystem

Source: (Apple Investor elations, 2008) (Prudential Equity Group LLC, 2006)

For Apple, their future planning revolves around the following opportunities the company needs to capitalize on. First, the broader development of digitization of video across iPod and iTunes needs to be a catalyst of future growth for the company. Second, the development of Apple TV platforms including the development of an Apple Personal Video ecorder (PV) is critical. Apple TV needs to also have an HDTV equivalent and the ability to receive, not just play back recorded content. Third, there…

References

Apple, Investor Relations (2008). Investor Relations. Retrieved May 4, 2008, from Apple Investor Relations and Filings with the SEC Web site:  http://www.apple.com/investor/ 

Douglas Bate, Robert E. Johnston Jr. (2005). Strategic frontiers: the starting-point for innovative growth. Strategy & Leadership, 33(1), 12-18. Retrieved May 2, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 796627621).

Robert E. Cole, Tsuyoshi Matsumiya. (2007). Too Much of a Good Thing? Quality as an Impediment to Innovation. California Management Review, 50(1), 77-93. Retrieved May 3, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1392087591).

Douglas B. Holt (2003). What becomes an icon most? Harvard Business Review, 81(3), 43-49. Retrieved May 3, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 293576641).

Alternatively, the person or group acknowledged as a legitimate representative may wish that the museum could continue to hold an object for the benefit of the other party." (oyd, nd; p. 196) in this instance there should be clarity in the "terms and responsibilities of such holding..." (oyd, nd; p.196) oyd relates that in a museum that is 'collection-based' deaccession is an issue that is "exceedingly contentious" (p. 196) in nature, and in fact "much more so than the decision to acquire." (p. 196)

IV. DEFINITION of a MUSEUM & REFINEMENT of COLLECTIONS

oyd relates that museums are "more than repositories; they are places where collections are interpreted for the public through exhibits and related educational programs." (oyd, nd; p.199) it is important to note the statement of oyd that the museums interpretation of their collections "changes over time with the emergence of new 'techniques, scholarship, and viewpoints.'" (oyd, nd;…

Bibliography

Coutoure, Carol (2005) Archival Appraisal: A Status Report. Archivaria 59.

McKemmish, Sue, Gilliland-Swetland, Anne, and Ketelaar, Eric (2005) Communities of Memory: Pluralizing Archival Research and Education Agendas. Archives & Manuscripts 33 no. 1. 2005.

Bunch, Lonnie G. (1995) Fighting the Good Fight: Museums in an Age of Uncertainty. Museum News (March/April 1995): 35.

Bowker, G.D. (2005) the Local Knowledge of a Globalizing Ethnos - in 'Memory practices in the Sciences' Cambridge Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 2005. 207.

Human esources

Strategic HM

Strategic ole of H

In most companies today, the H function provides vital services to such stakeholders as job applicants, workers, supervisors, middle managers, and executives. Yet, the H function tends to be located at the end of the business chain, on the reactive side, and too frequently centers on carrying out actions rather than achieving outcomes. The role of the H function is frequently one of providing people, training, and secluded H efforts after others have formulated organizational strategy and have initiated operational accomplishment. Since the 1990's, H practitioners have been motivated by events in their organizations to direct concentration to such issues as downsizing, outplacement, retraining, diversity, worker rights, technological effects on people, and recruitment of skilled talent in a time of labor deficiencies and record employment. Cost centered management of worker benefits programs such as health insurance, workers' compensation, and pension plans have…

References

Brockway, S. (2007). The art of business partnering. Strategic HR

Review, 6(6), 32-35.

Boudreau, J., & Ramstad, P. (2005). Talentship and the new paradigm for human resource

management: From professional practices to strategic talent decision science. People and Strategy, 28(2), 17-26.

Marketing

Assessing the Varying Definitions of Marketing

The original concepts of marketing have as their basis the objective of having the customer be at the center of any enterprise, with all systems, processes and strategies aligned to fulfill their requirements and needs. Dr. Kotler in explaining the marketing concept shows how the operating philosophy of any business putting the customer at its center leads to greater value being delivered and strong financial viability over time (Cunningham, 2003). An additional definition of marketing is found in the capturing and analysis of customer-driven metrics of performance, and the use of business intelligence and analytics to quantify marketing behavior (Hester, 2009). Marketing is increasingly being defined from the standpoint of its role in the value chain of any enterprise, including demand generation, demand management and services management -- in short all functions across the spectrum of the customer lifecycle (Gronroos, 2006). While all…

References

Peggy Cunningham. (2003). The Textbooks of Philip Kotler: Their Role in Defining Marketing Thought and Practice Academy of Marketing Science. Journal, 31(2), 201.

Christian Gronroos. (2006) On defining marketing: finding a new roadmap for marketing. Marketing Theory, 6(4), 395-417.

Hester, J.. (2009). The Marketing Performance Measurement Toolkit, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 86(4), 952-953.

supply chain challenges facing the company which the chosen application addresses.

4(b) Explain how the chosen application addresses these supply chain challenges

8Q2"IT should be considered as an integral part of the supply chain re-engineering process." Discuss this statement using appropriate references from the course module. Case studies or other source material.

(a) The major supply chain challenges facing the company which the chosen application addresses.

The Levi Strauss e-business and supply chain integration

Levi Strauss is a firm that was very successful and competitive in the manufacture of denim jeans. Like several other companies, it faced a lot of competition and changes in the market conditions. This subsequently led to a decline in its sales and profitability. The company's sales were at a peak value of $1.7 billion in 1996 (Leon-Pena 85). This later declined to about $4.1 in 2002 as pointed out by Girard (Girard). The corporation realized…

Works Cited

Barrat, Mark.Understanding the meaning of collaboration in the supply chain, Supply Chain Management, An International Journal, 9(1), (2004), pp.30-42

Croom, Simon R. "The impact of e-business on supply chain management: An empirical study of key developments," International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 25 Iss: 1, (2005) pp.55 -- 73

Frohlich, Markham T. And Westbrook, Roy, "Arcs of integration: an international study of supply chain strategies," Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 19 No. 2, (2001) pp. 185-200.

Golicic, Susan L., Davis, Donna F., McCarthy, M. And Mentzer, John T. "The impact of e-commerce on supply chain relationships." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 32 No. 10, (2002), pp. 851-871.

High resolution television fro example may cost anywhere from $6,000 to $10,000, though the primary marketing strategy with regard to price is to emphasize that with time price will decrease (Brown-Kenyon, et. al, 20000).

Japanese HDTV which is now more than 10 years old has still failed however largely due to price limitations from consumers (Brown-Kenyon, et. al, 2000).

Heavy emphasis has been put on the select benefits having HDTV would do for sports broadcasting which is vastly popular throughout many regions of the world, and cable and satellite companies are targeted because they can make high definition broadcasts of special sporting events to those willing to pay for them (Brown-Kenyon, et. al, 2000).

There is also a push to promote HDTV as film like image quality that would promote 'outdated' modes of delivery from traditional cable services. The major push is bringing a virtual home theater system into consumer…

References

Datamonitor. "European sofas brace for HDTV." (2004, August). The Register. 10,

October 2004,  http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/08/13/european_hdtv/ 

Berry, William; Chudzik, Douglas; Gilbode, Michael; Lipstein, Matthew. "The

Revolution in Television Technology." (Spring, 1998). University of Delaware. 11, October, 2004, http://www.physics.udel.edu/wwwusers/watson/student_projects/scen167/ateam/

However, the researchers can visualize the 'holistic' strategies even involve wide scope for utilization of computing resources as the basic instruments for collection and analyzing the data. (Willis; Jost, 2000)

The usage of computers has played a significant role in quantitative research; likewise they have the ability to offer considerably to qualitative research. The quantity of data that is regularly gathered is the main restriction in carrying out successful qualitative research, as researchers tend to be intimate to a phenomenon of interest. The quantity is such that it can lead to data asphyxiation, restricting the accomplishment of a central purpose of qualitative research, the close participation of a researcher with his/her data such that all related data affects analysis and successive summarization. With the text volume, there is an exponential raise of the variety of construct classifications and of patterns of constructs, which can come out from qualitative data. The…

References

Alexander, Angela M. (September 16, 2000) Check Mate: An Internet-based Qualitative Study of the Processes involved in Error Checking. Pharmacy Practice Research. Papers presented at the British Pharmaceutical Conference, Birmingham: September 10-13, 2000. The Pharmaceutical Journal. Volume: 265; No 7114; pp: 112-117

Argyle, K; Shields, R. (1996) "Is there a Body on the Net? In Cultures of Internet: Virtual Spaces, Real Histories, Living Bodies" ed. R. Shields. London: Sage. pp: 58-63.

Bryne, Michelle. (December, 2001) "Data Analysis Strategies for Qualitative Research - Research Corner. AORN Journal. Volume: 8; No: 1; pp: 24-27

Campbell, Trudy. (Winter 1997) "Technology, Multimedia and Qualitative Research in Education" the Journal of Research in Character Education. Volume: 28; No: 5; pp: 122-132

Internet Marketing

Customers prefer Internet marketing because Internet provides the ability to easily custom tailor specifications, such as in the case of buying a computer online from Dell. In addition, Internet search engine offers consumers to find the best bargain price of a product and service. In some cases, electronic brokers facilitate shopping by presenting the offerings in order of some important characteristic, as in the case of travel services arrayed in order of price, or departure time, or airline carrier. Then there are some customers who prefer convenience. To these customers, the Internet provides the best opportunity to order the product from the home (Messmer, 1999).

Price is one of the most important elements for customers buying the simple products from the Internet. The Internet provides the most obvious basis for comparison. Consumers shopping on the Internet can easily access prices from a great many possible suppliers. In addition,…

References

1. Messmer, E. (1999). Blue Martini customizes e-commerce. Network World, 16 (2): 25-26.

2. Seiders, K., Berry, L.L., and Gresham, L.G. (2000). Attention, retailers! how convenient is yours strategy? Sloan Management Review, 41 (3): 79-90.

3. Sterne, J. (1997). Customer-colored glasses. CIO Web Business, Section 2, (October 1), 36-40.

4. Watson, R.T., Akselsen, S., and Pitt, L.F. (1998). Attractors: building mountains in the flat landscape of the World Wide Web. California Management Review, 40 (2): 36-56.

Health-Care Data at Euclid Hospital Security and Control: A White Paper

Protecting Health-Care Data

The efficiency of the modern healthcare system is increasingly becoming reliant on a computerized infrastructure. Open distributed information systems have been initiated to bring professionals together on a common platform throughout the world. It needs to be understood that easy and flexible methods of processing and communication of images; sound and texts will help in visualizing and thereby cure illnesses and diseases effectively. Another aspect is that the easy access and usage can risk patient privacy, accountability, and secrecy associated with the healthcare profession. Therefore, Information Technology -- IT must be able to focus mainly on improving the health of the patient and should not put the patient's health in danger. (IO Press)

This implies that right data has to be made available to the right person at the right time. IT strongly affects the confidentiality…

References

A WWW implementation of National Recommendations for Protecting Electronic Health

Information.  http://medg.lcs.mit.edu/people/psz/secman.html 

Accessed 21 September, 2005

IO Press. Retrieved from  http://www.iospress.nl/loadtop/load.php?isbn=9051992661

It uses a great deal of expensive and cutting-edge technology, and none of this is cheap. hile DR can do a great deal for a hospital radiology department, that department also must have the funds available to support what needs to be purchased and accomplished where DR is concerned if the department chooses to use this technology.

Image Quality

Image quality, other than cost, is quite probably the largest issue that is faced by those that wish to use this new technology. Therefore, it is important to discuss and compare the differences between the image quality of CR and the image quality of DR, so that more can be understood regarding the differences between them. One study looked at the plate readers that are used for CR images, and found that there were enough statistically significant differences between different plate readers as to indicate that there may be problems with…

Works Cited

Cesar, LJ. 1997. Computed radiography: its impact on radiographers. Radiologic Technology.

Daniels, C. 1998. The benefits of digital radiography. Radiologic Technology.

Demonstrated Clinical Benefits and Competitive Prices to Drive Digital Radiography Market. 2004. BusinessWire.

FUJIFILM Computed Radiography for Mammography Progresses From Market Entrant to Market Leadership Worldwide. 2002. PR Newswire.

These laws also emphasize that obtaining such personal information and how it will be used should be made with the individual's knowledge and consent. Moreover, individuals also have the additional rights of viewing, correcting, and deleting the information pertaining to them. ut do we really have access to all information that is being taken from us? We can never tell and we might end waking up one day being accused by actions we haven't taken or worst waking up with a different identity.

II. Security of the Data Gathered

Database Systems are designed and programmed by no less than humans. Securing these databases involves the protection against unauthorized disclosures, alteration and destruction. Security that focuses on stopping people without database access from having any form of access at all and stopping people with access to perform any data manipulation that are not part of their duties or not included in…

Bibliography:

ALR (Feb 06, 2006) Regulation of Data Brokerage Retrieved June 03, 2006 at http://courseblog.cs.princeton.edu/spring06/wws528f/?author=15

Computer Underground Digest #6.27 (Mar 27, 1994). Retrieved June 03, 2006 from "Ethical issues in hacking and piracy"

Data Protection Act 1998. Retrieved June 03, 2006 at  http://www.opsi.gov.uk/ACTS/acts1998/19980029.htm 

Right of self-decision, self-control on one's own personal information" Retrieved June 03, 2006 at  http://rights.jinbo.net/english/privacy.html

There were a lot of white people around, and many of them were angry that the blacks had been freed. Some of them were actually hostile toward the blacks and their newfound freedom, so the blacks learned quickly that they had to be careful. They needed to settle a little bit away from the hostile whites and do their best not to make waves or cause trouble, in the hopes that they might one day be accepted (Reconstruction, 2002).

During the first few years after the Emancipation Proclamation and the subsequent freedom of all blacks in the United States, many blacks began working very hard to educate themselves. In there minds, education meant the ability to negotiate with whites over land, earn a fair wage to pay for it, and take care of their families. lack families were often large, so many of the members could work to help support…

Bibliography

Black Farming and History. 2002. Homecoming.  http://www.itvs.org/homecoming/history1.html .

Carroll J. 1998. Organizational learning activities in high-hazard industries. Journal of Management Studies, 35: 699-717

Reconstruction and its aftermath. 2002. African-American Odyssey.  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart5.html .

VandeCreek, Drew E., Ph.D. 2000. Frontier Settlement. Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project.  http://Lincoln.lib.niu.edu/frontier.html .

As a way to solve the challenge posed by the arrangement and description of the materials by archivists they should adopt system that advocate for more products and less process as a method of processing the new archival materials, this method will provide a standard mode of processing the materials that have been newly collected that ensures the ability of researchers to aces the materials at the same time providing an adequate description and through all this reduce on the backlog.

Another way to deal with this challenge is to look at the level of description and the arrangement types that are viewed as practical for the majority of the materials that have been collected. Modern collections do not require a very precise level of description like an item level one since the benefits that researchers get from this level of detail is not a justification of the amount of…

References

Asogwa, B .E & Ezema, I.J. (2008). The Challenges of Preservation of Archives and Records in the Electronic Age. PNLA quarterly. Retrieved November 28, 2012 from http://unllib.unl.edu/LPP/PNLA%20Quarterly/asogwa-ezema76-3.htm

Hollier, a. (2001).The archivist in the electronic age. Retrieved November 28, 2012 from  http://library.web.cern.ch/library/webzine/3/papers/5/ 

Pearson, C. (2012). Archival Theory and Practice. Retrieved November 28, 2012 from http://commons.esc.edu/archivaltheoryandpractice/

Experimental library, (2012). Archival Issues: Driven by Change. Retrieved November 28, 2012 from  http://experimentallibrary.wordpress.com/2012/06/23/archival-issues-driven-by-change/

Unilever manufactures products for the nutrition, health and beauty, and home care industries. The company faces industry issues of economic pressures, high commodity prices, and increased competitor focus. The sustainability issues include food security, poverty reduction, and sustainability of resources, climate change, as well as social and economic development. Unilever expects these issues to continue for the medium term as volatility and uncertainty have become a new norm. (Annual Report and Accounts 2011)

Economic pressures dominated 2011. There was major instability in the Eurozone and a weak recovery by the U.S. economy. Unemployment remained high in developed countries causing consumer spending to be continually squeezed. Commodity prices remained high with many rising even more. Competitor focus increased on the operational environment in emerging markets. There were a number of natural disasters in 2011. This required Unilever to respond to the societies in a humanitarian level. Employer and operational levels were…

Bibliography

2011 Annual Report. (n.d.). Retrieved from Procter & Gamble:  http://annualreport.pg.com/annualreport2011/_files/pdf/PG_2011_AnnualReport.pdf 

Kao Annual Report. (2011, Mar 31). Retrieved from Kao Corporation:  http://kao.com/jp.en/corp_ir/imgs/reports_fy2011e_all.pdf 

Annual Report 2011. (n.d.). Retrieved from Nestle:  http://www.nestle.com/Common/NestleDocuments/Annual_Reports/2011-Annual-Report_EN.pdf 

Annual Report and Accounts 2011. (n.d.). Retrieved from Unilever:  http://www.unilever.com/images/Unilever_AR11_to_tcm13-282960.pdf

Network/IT Communications

Selecting the type of cable to be used when developing a LAN from the ground up can be a complex process with many considerations, including issues of functionality and of cost. Twisted pair cables provide a cheaper alternative to other cable types and are also the most flexible type of cable, but they are less secure and are more prone to losses in data integrity than are other standard cable types (Hsieh, 2012). Fiber optic cables provide the best protection against interference and are the most secure cable for use in a network, but the cost can be prohibitive and the heightened performance aspects are not necessary in all applications (Hsieh, 2012). Coaxial cables come in two varieties, thinnet and thicknet, with thinnet being both cheaper and more flexible than twisted pair cables (though still more expensive and less flexible) and also provide a decent amount of security…

References

Bonsor, K. (2012). How satellite radio works. Accessed 9 October 2012.  http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/satellite-radio1.htm 

Hsieh, C. (2012). Network cabling. Accessed 9 October 2012. http://pluto.ksi.edu/~cyh/cis370/ebook/ch02b.htm

Major, M. (2009). Making connections. Accessed 9 October 2012.  http://majormike.us/?p=197 

Rodgers, J. (2008). Wired vs. Wireless: Sometimes There's No Substitute for a Cable. Accessed 9 October 212.  http://www.osnews.com/story/19748/Wired_vs_Wireless:_Sometimes_Theres_No_Substitute_for_a_Cable

Individual Project

Common assessment marketing project

The paper provides a brief background of LinkedIn and Facebook. The paper consists of an overview of the social media industry and its importance as a tool of communication. It explores the marketing tactics and strategies used by the two corporations. The comparison part explains the differences and similarities of the marketing methods employed by Facebook and LinkedIn. The overview part suggests the best tactics for Sof-A-legue.com to attain a better competitive advantage. The section on situation analysis explores Sof-A-Legues's goals plus objectives, and identifies various strengths, weaknesses and opportunities. Also, conducts an analysis of the 4ps.

Marketing Plan for Sof-A-Logue.Com

Introduction

Sof-A-Logue.com is establishing a new marketing scheme, which we shall use to make it to become better known to fresh markets and clients. As a result, we shall use Facebook and LinkedIn, which are social media platforms, as a basis of comparing…

References

Dijck, J. (2013). The culture of connectivity: A critical history of social media. New York: Oxford University Press.

Facebook. (2013). Facebook is on Facebook. Retrieved from  https://www.facebook.com/facebook .

Facebook. (2013). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from  http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1366111/Facebook 

Hande, S.B. (2010). The Use of Social Media As a New Marketing Communications Tool. Internacional Conference of New Media and Interactivity.

Higher Ed Course

Course Design: 20th Century History and Popular Music

Course Description:

For many students, popular music is scene as being disposable and readily replaceable. The nature of the modern media cycle means that much of what dominates the sphere of popular music is inherently designed to achieve vast commercial appeal with a short shelf-life. However, there are also ways in which popular music has figured critically into moments in history. This is the premise that underscores the proposed higher education course, which would be couched within the broader discipline of History.

The proposed course is intended to draw parallels between important moments in history and the way that the culture of popular music connected to these moments or in some powerful instances such as the British Invasion, oodstock and the Hip Hop movement, even came to define some of these important historical moments. Using different eras in history…

Works Cited:

Hiebert, J. & Morris, A.K. (2012). Teaching, Rather Than Teachers, As a Path Toward Improving Classroom Instruction. Journal of Teacher Education, 63(2), 92-102.

Hurtado, S.; Milem, J.; Clayton-Pederson, A. & Allen, W. (1999). Enacting Diverse Learning Environments: Improving the Climate for Racial/Ethnic Diversity in Higher Education. ERIC Digest.

Shaw, K. (2012). Leadership Through Instructional Design in Higher Education. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 12(3).

Systems Structures Presentation

Electronic health records are common in the modern era of globalization and high technology. Electronic health records can be defined as a collection of health information, in digitized form, of individuals as well as populations. The objective of having health records in digital form is to make them accessible across different health care settings. This enables the patients as well as physicians to obtain health information from their relevant health care facility by simply requesting it to be sent over from the electronic health records that were held at the previous health care facility where the patient had been checked up. The health care facilities today are connected through a variety of network-connected enterprise-wide information systems. These can easily transfer information regarding any patient from one health care facility to another, given that they are connected via the network.

Electronic health records consist of not only technology…

In the United States of America, as a ruling in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the implementation of electronic health records in clinical settings was made compulsory with around $27 billion were allocated to the cause. This was a part of new health care reforms whose aim was that by 2015, there would be "meaningful use" of the technology made available to improve the quality of patient care available. The federal incentives being offered to hospitals and clinics in order to update to the electronic health record structures have all the physicians and nurses on their toes.

Nurses, as a result, are closely monitoring the effects and consequences of the use of the electronic health record structure systems on their ability to improve patient care. There have been admittedly some benefits. The availability of extensive up-to-date information on the patient and his medical condition and history, allows for measureable improvements from the treatment and care given to patients with chronic diseases as well as those patients which are on preventative medicine. It has been proved via a study conducted by the University of Pennsylvania that nurses that work in hospitals and other clinical set-ups with the electronic health care structures in place tend to report a greater deal of improvement in their patients than the nurses working in hospitals that are devoid of such technology. However, there is the task of the nurses learning to use and manage the electronic health record structures. Unless the nurses have had training or been provided transition time from the implementation of the electronic health record structure, they cannot get any meaningful use out of it. For the electronic health record structure to be effective, the user of the technology should be aware of how to mine for the data, the treatment plan to be followed and how to retrieve the meaningful data from the abundance of information available on the individual. Currently, there are also problems with the present infrastructure at hospitals for the proper implementation of the electronic health record structure.

In the future, if the administrators as well as the implementers of the health reforms seek to extract meaningful use from the electronic health record structures technology, they need to gear up and tackle a few issues beforehand. Step must be taken to ensure that the structure works according to the purpose it is meant for. The clinical integration across clinic-settings and hospitals should be made tighter and stronger. The nursing administration must prepare their staff for the upcoming implementation of electronic health record structures in terms of training, and also be prepared for the resistance that would come from the nursing staff during the implementation of new technology. There should also be preparation for the slowing down of the productivity when the system is first implemented. The main goal here is to measure the impact on the patient care and whether improvements in the quality of patient care is present or not.

sound technologies and sound design in Film

Sound in films

Experiments in Early Age

Developments

Crucial innovations

Commercialization of sound cinema: U.S., Europe, and Japan

Sound Design

Unified sound in film production

Sound designers in Cinematography

Sound Recording Technologies

History of Sound Recording Technology

Film sound technology

Modern Digital Technology

History of sound in films

Developments

Sound Design

Sound Recording Technologies

The film industry is a significant beneficiary of performing arts. The liberal arts combined with latest techniques and advancements experienced a number of stages. The introduction of films and sound in films was a significant development of its times. The introduction of first film along with sound was a unique event and it revolutionized the industry in such a way that it influenced every individual related to the industry to start thinking on creative and innovative grounds for improvements. The stages of films can be identified as silent films…

Bibliography:

Alten, SR 2008, Audio In Media, Thomson Wadsworth, USA.

Altman, R 2004, Silent Film Sound, Columbia University Press, USA.

Ballou, G 2008, Handbook for sound engineers, Focal Press, USA.

Beck, J & Grajeda, T 2008, Lowering the boom: critical studies in film sound, University of Illinois Press.

LOOP

Balancing loop and einforcing Loop

Understanding how systems works constitute one of the most challenging aspects of information technology irrespective of the significance of the phenomena. The aspects of structures and how they are associated with systems is essentially one decisive factor. The way in which various components influence one another depends on the way structures are instituted within a system. Thus, structures are the main determinants of relationships between components. The processes of looping clearly indicate these trends and serve generally to indicate the interaction between productivity with the view of adding to the finished goods inventory. As a matter of fact, this process indicates instances where resources are added or subtracted within certain tasks. The two kinds of looping systems in Information Technology are the balancing loop and the reinforcing loop, all of which are classified into a number of categories. These loops are found in various…

References

Banathy, B.H (1996). Designing Social Systems in a Changing World: Contemporary System Thinking, New York: springer publisher

Bellinger, G (2004). Balancing Loop, Retrieved,  http://www.systems-thinking.org/theWay/sba/ba.htm

Fingerprint Evidence

Are Fingerprint Identifications Such that Can be Considered Valid Evidence

Fingerprint identification is a means of personal identification that is infallible and this is the reason that fingerprints have replaced other methods of identification of criminals. The science of fingerprint identification is stated to stand out among all other forensic sciences for the following reasons: (1) fingerprint identification has served governments across the globe for more than 100 years in the provision of accurate identification of criminals. In billions of human and automated computer, comparisons there are no two fingerprints found to be alike. Fingerprints are the basis for criminal history in every law enforcement agency worldwide; (2) the first forensic professional organization, the International Association for Identification (IAI) was established in 1915; (3) the first professional certification program for forensic scientists was established in 1977; (3) fingerprint identification is the most commonly used of all forensic evidence…

References

Cherry, Michael and Imwinkelreid, Edward (2006) How we can improve the reliability of fingerprint identification. Judicature. Vol. 90, No.2. September-October 2006. Retrieved from:  http://www.ajs.org/ajs/publications/Judicature_PDFs/902/Cherry_902.pdf 

Fingerprint Identification (2012) FBI. Retrieved from:  http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/fingerprints_biometrics/fingerprint-overview 

Leo, William (2005) What are the Effects of the Daubert Decision on Fingerprint Identification? e Southern California Association of Fingerprint Officers, The Print, July/August 2005, Vol. 21, #4

William Daubert, et Ux., Etc., et Al., Petitioners V. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579; 113 S. Ct. 2786; 125 L. Ed. 2d 469; 1993 U.S. LEXIS 4408; 61 U.S.L.W. 4805; 27 U.S.P.Q.2D (BNA) 1200; CCH Prod. Liab. Rep. P13,494; 93 Cal. Daily Op. Service 4825; 93 Daily Journal DAR 8148; 23 ELR 20979; 7 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. S 632.

Network

Information is the backbone of the present economy. For almost all of the business and practical purposes, information in its various forms has been digitized into bits of ones and zeros.

This simple transformation has resulted major changes in the businesses. Not only the lines between different industries and organizational boundaries are blurred, but also most of our everyday products and services have become smart and knowledge intensive (Tapscott, 1996).

The sharing of information and applications within different business functions is critical for the well functioning of the business. Information systems networks provide such a linkage to share information and applications. Because speed is an important factor of competitive advantages, it is crucial that the firm can take the advantages of networks for quick delivery of its services and products. A well-defined network should be able to provide seamless text and multimedia information to the users -- consumers, businesses,…

References

Scott Morton, M. Introduction. In M.S. Scott Morton (ed), The corporation of the 1990s: Information technology and organizational transformation. Oxford University Press, New York, 1991.

Stalk, G. Jr. And Hout, T.M. Competing against time: How time-based competition is reshaping global markets. Free Press, NY, 1990.

Tapscott, D. The digital economy: Promise and peril in the age of networked intelligence. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997.

Computer Parts

For printed questionnaires, it is perhaps best to scan the document. This would have the advantage of simply translating the information on the questionnaire directly into the computer, where it can be further processes and used. On the other hand, scanning would have the disadvantage that it does not necessarily check that the information in the questionnaire is correct and one still has to ensure manually that all the questions were answered, etc. Additionally, the scanning method may prove a little bit more expensive than other methods.

For the telephone survey, manual data entry seems the obvious choice, since the operator receives the information directly and I can think of no technology that can actually take over data and transfer it from the telephone to the computer.

In the case of bank checks, due to the high level of accuracy that needs to be reached, I would suggest…

Bibliography

1. Wikipedia at  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storage 

On the Internet at

oles of a Police Psychologist in an Investigation

The following paper describes the roles played by a police psychologist in an investigation of a situation in which a former police officer has been killed. The police force constantly takes risks to save the lives and belongings of the people they serve. This force is known for its bravery and courage but when a situation involves the homicide of a former member of their own group, they are faced with extra trouble as their own safety becomes a concern for them. In addition to that, the pressure from media exacerbates the problem for the police force. In this case, the police force needs psychological support which is given to them by a police psychologist.

Introduction

Police offers face severe stress in their day-to-day routine. They risk their lives and their families in order to fulfill the duty assigned to them. Their…

References

CR, V. (2010). Psychological Autopsy -- A Review. Journal of Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 10 (2), 101 -- 103.

Mayhew, C. (2001). Occupational Health and Safety Risks Faced by Police Officers. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. pp. 1-2.  http://aic.gov.au/documents/E/D/9/%7BED946A67-E4C8-4C46-A294-9B982325EF4D%7Dti196.pdf  [Accessed: 24 Dec 2013].

Mitchell, J. (n.d.). Critical Incident Stress Debriefing. College Park: University of Maryland. pp. 1-3. www.info-trauma.org/flash/media-e/mitchellCriticalIncidentStressDebriefing.pdf [Accessed: 24 Dec 2013].

Scrivner, E. (1994). Controlling Police Use of Excessive Force: The Role of the Police Psychologist. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Justice. pp. 1-10.  https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/150063NCJRS.pdf  [Accessed: 24 Dec 2013].

Health Care eform Effecting Public Health United States

Healthcare reform is an integral part of the United States healthcare system. Below is an evaluation of the effects healthcare reform has had on healthcare in the U.S. Internet sources as well as peer-reviewed journals will be looked at so as to see the effects.

The cost of healthcare has been on the rise. Issues of healthcare quality ought to be paid attention to and healthcare access equity improved upon (Health Care Transformation). Given these causes, while some differences exist on what reforms to carry out, a majority of Americans hold the belief that the U.S. Healthcare delivery systems need some improving. For a long time ANA has been advocating for reforms in healthcare and several of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) provisions are in line with the Health System eform Agenda of the ANA. The ANA gave a chart that gives…

References"

1)

Kemp, C. (2012, October 11). Public Health in the Age of Health Care Reform. Retrieved January 21, 2015, from  http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2012/12_0151.htm 

2)

How National Health Care Reform Will Affect a Variety of States. (2011, April 5). Retrieved January 21, 2015, from  http://www.rand.org/news/press/2011/04/05.html

LOG IN TO www.cengagebrain.. MY USE ID IS

The first of five key objectives for Eastman Kodak that encompasses the operational, financial, human resource aspects of the business is to utilize the Cloud and elastic computing to provision its own resources. Many of the physical locations that this company operates can use elastic computing and any variety of software, platforms, and infrastructure provided as a service to reduce critical operations and maintenance costs. Instead of having all of these resources in an on-premise physical environment, the company can reduce expenses by paying for these resources on demand with computer resources that are available as such (Harper, 2014). The second objective for Kodak Eastman would be to issue as many of its products and services as possible via the cloud. In this sense, the company could actually become a cloud service provider that can issue many of the critical requirements for…

References

Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. (2014). Strategic Management Cases: An Integrated Approach. New York: Cengage Learning.

Harper, J. (2014). The business value of cognitive computing. www.dataversity.net Retrieved from  http://www.dataversity.net/business-value-cognitive-computing/ 

Harper, J. (2014). Capitalizing on cognitive computing. www.dataversity.net Retrieved from  http://www.dataversity.net/capitalizing-elastic-computing/ 

Silver, C. (2014). Why web 3.0, the semantic web, will be even more disruptive than web 1.0.  http://sandhill.com  Retrieved from

Protection Discipline

The art and science of protection has evolved and transformed over the past decades where new levels of its requirements are in high demand. This structural shift in the needs for protection have also created the environment where stark contrasts between approaches and industry becomes rather evident. These noticeable differences need to be addressed in order to successfully and truly understand how this process can be maximized for effectiveness, efficiency and economics.

The purpose of this essay is to highlight and describe the different requirements, limits of authority, limits of force, material assets, ethics and best practices of three differing and distinct realms of protection. The essay will first examine physical protection be highlighting aspects of its use in the U.S. Federal Government. The essay will then explain information protection highlighted how the U.S. Military uses this type of protection and how it is reflected in their practices.…

References

Chen, D., & Zhao, H. (2012, March). Data security and privacy protection issues in cloud computing. In Computer Science and Electronics Engineering (ICCSEE), 2012 International Conference on (Vol. 1, pp. 647-651). IEEE.

Gordon, P. (2013). What to Expect when Force Protection Conditions Change. U.S. NAVY.Mil, Navy Public Release, 21 Feb 2013. Retrieved from  http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=72213 

Hertig, C. (2001). The Evolving Role of Protection Officers. Security Solutions, 1 Nov, 2001. Retrieved from http://securitysolutions.com/mag/security_evolving_role_protection/

Markon, J. (2014). Can the Federal Protective Service meet new demands for heightened security? The Washington Post, 30 Oct 2014. Retrieved from  http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/federal-eye/wp/2014/10/30/can-the-federal - protective-service-meet-new-demands-for-heightened-security/

Machine

The Feasibility of Information Time Machine

If I were the Secretary and State Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Maryland and were asked to consider implementing information time machine for all the libraries, I would take an uncountable number of days to finish digitizing all the books just in the city of Baltimore, assuming that 450 books are digitized per day. It is not feasible to say that this number of books will be digitized daily and that a certain exact number of time or days can be stated under which this activity would be completed. Working out an online project like this will require an equitable amount of time. Google has done mass digitization of books, and it has not taken any shorter time. Implementing the information time machine in all the libraries in Maryland would not take any short time (Usher, 2014). There are many libraries in this…

References

Usher, S. (2014). Letters of Note: An Eclectic Collection of Correspondence Deserving Of a Wider Audience. Chronicle Books

Wells, H. G. (2013). The Time Machine. Lanham: Start Publishing LLC.

Nova Scotia" by John obinson. The displays the period historical documents pertaining to 18th century Nova Scotia. Public accounts of the 18th century in Nova Scotia was an era where there was a wealth of knowledge. It was also a time where there was tons of exploration and vast amounts of rapidly growing technology. During this time, there was also expanding record-keeping that was made possible by developments in the printing press. In its willpower to defend the century of revolution, the book explores how Gale initiated a revolution of its own. This revolution involved the digitization of heroic magnitudes to preserve these priceless works in the biggest archive of its kind. Today these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century Nova Scotia manuscripts are accessible in print, making them extremely available to libraries, students, and independent researchers. With that said, this paper will analyze and asses the author's ideas…

References

Bates, George. 2012. "The Mansion House and Fort Sackville, Bedford, Nova Scotia." Nova Scotia: Nova Scotia Archives and Records Management.

Beckett, J.C. 1985. "The Making of Modern Ireland 1603-1923." 167. London: Faber and Faber.

Coleman, Margaret. 1988. "Architectural History Branch, Agenda Paper: The Manor House,." Nova Scotia: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, September 8.

Elliot, Shirely B. 1984. "The Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia 1958-1983: a biographical directory." 196. Nova Scotia: (Province of Nova Scotia.

Sexual Objectification of omen in Music

hen compared to the female singers of the early 20th century, the women in music today represented a much more blatant example of sexual objectification. This is not to suggest that three-quarters of a century ago women were not also objectified; it is simply to acknowledge that the objectification has been amplified to such a degree that women in music are eroticized in their music videos (in virtually all cultures, East and est, as the music videos in K-Pop, J-Pop and estern Pop all indicate) and in their performances on stage. omen performers from CL to Miley Cyrus to Beyonce all contribute to this sexual objectification by essentially flaunting their sexuality and utilizing it in a post-feminist manner of being the sexual aggressor rather than the sexually passive receiver of the "male gaze," as Mulvey called it in her deconstruction of the sexual objectification…

Works Cited

Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. NY:

Routledge, 1990. Print.

Dougary, Ginny. "Yes, We are Borrowed." The Times, 2007. Web. 13 Apr 2016.

Gill, Rosalind. "Postfeminist media culture: Elements of a sensibility," European

communications serve at the heart of a business' ICMT strategy. As Waber (2013) discusses, face-to-face interactions "create a nexus of social activity in the workplace." The interaction between employees helps build report and creates a stronger organizational culture. Meanwhile, face-to-face interactions between managers and employees help set a stronger tone for company processes and the chain of command. Such interpersonal communications are critical for the health and well being of a growing internal culture. Yet, some face-to-face interactions can prove distracting, such as gossiping.

Distance communication has typically been difficult, lacking the same interpersonal advantages seen in face-to-face communications. It may be hard for employees to fully collaborate and it hinders the development of a strong organizational culture from fully engaged employees. Advances in technology are definitely adding advantages to distance communication strategies. Today, there are a wealth of new tools that augment distance interaction in regards to an organization's…

References

Duparc, D. (2012). Information and communication technologies: Their impact on management and key functions to adapt. Paper presented at the 141-X. Retrieved from  http://search.proquest.com/docview/1326751553?accountid=39364 

Waber, B. (2013). People analytics: How social sensing technology will transform business and what it tells us about the future of work. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Strategy

Michael Porter described four types of generic strategies, a matrix with cost leadership and differentiation on one axis, and broad market/niche along the other. The underlying logic is that companies either must undercut their competitors (cost leadership) or they must differentiate themselves in a way that is meaningful to the consumer, that would compel the consumer to pay a premium for their goods/services. (QuickMBA, 2010). The broad market differentiation strategy is a common one. The broad differentiation strategy implies that the service or good "offers unique attributes that are valued by customers and that customers perceive to be better than or different from the products of the competition." (QuickMBA, 2010). While many differentiated companies are in niche markets, some companies target the broad market with this strategy, and ultimately are the market leaders. Companies like Nike, Apple, and even McDonalds when viewed within the context of the fast food…

References

IDC (2015). Smartphone vendor market share, 2015Q2. IDC Research. Retrieved November 21, 2015 from  http://www.idc.com/prodserv/smartphone-market-share.jsp 

Marketing Minds (2015). Apple's branding strategy. Marketing Minds. Retrieved November 21, 2015 from  http://www.marketingminds.com.au/apple_branding_strategy.html 

MSN Moneycentral (2015). Apple . Retrieved November 21, 2015 from  http://www.msn.com/en-us/money/stockdetails/financials/fi-126.1.AAPL.NAS?ocid=qbeb 

Nielson, S. (2014). Apple's strategy. Market Realist. Retrieved November 21, 2015 from  https://www.yahoo.com/tech/s/apple-premium-pricing-strategy-product-191247308.html?nf=1

Healthcare Organization

Banner Healthcare is an American non-profit healthcare system predominantly used in Phoenix, Arizona. The healthcare organization runs twenty-three hospitals plus various other specialized units. It has about 35,000 workers in its employment and so is one of the state's biggest employers. It offers emergency care, hospital care, rehab services, outpatient surgery, pharmacies, hospice, home care and long-term care. The organization has recently begun running primary care physician clinics such as Banner Arizona Medical Clinic and the Banner Medical Group. The organization was founded when Samaritan Health System and the Lutheran Health Systems merged.

The mission statement of Banner Health is "To make a difference in people's lives through excellent patient care (Banner health, 2014). The institution is known all over the country and is well recognized. The merger that led to the formation of the institution happened over two decades ago in 1991. The resultant company launched onto…

References

Banner Healthcare. (n.d.). Retrieved from Banner Healthcare:  https://www.bannerhealth.com/ 

Bannerhealth. (2014). Our Mission. Retrieved from Bannerhealth:

Internet Risk Management in the Banking SectorExecutive SummaryTechnological advancement in the banking industry, like in other economic sectors, has continued to increase. Banking organizations have allowed a wide array of products and services to become accessible and offered to customers via an electronic channel commonly known as e-banking or internet banking. According to Uppal, internet banking can be defined as a system that allows bank customers to access their accounts and available bank products and services information through a personal computer or other intelligent devices (39). E-banking offers numerous benefits to banks, businesses, and customers.For instance, customers can access any service they want without visiting a banks branch office. The technology is also convenient, easy-to-operate, time-efficient, and always available (it is not time restrictive). For banks, it has contributed to increased efficiency and competitiveness and reduced customer service time. The creation of new services for customers and small businesses, such…

Work CitedAlhawari, Samer, et al. Knowledge-based risk management framework for information technology project.International Journal of Information Management32.1 (2012): 50-65.Atkins, Derek, et al.Reputational risk: a question of trust. Global Professional Publishing, 2006.Bodla, B. S., and Richa Verma. Credit risk management framework at banks in India.The IUP Journal of Bank Management8.1 (2009): 47-72.Carlson, John, et al. Internet banking: market developments and regulatory issues.Manuscript, the Society of Government Economists, Washington DC(2001).Dorfman, Mark S.Introduction to risk management and insurance. (9th Edition). Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall., 1998.Florina, Virlanuta, Moga Liliana, and Ioan Viorica. RISK MANAGEMENT OF E-BANKING ACTIVITIES.Annals of the University of Oradea, Economic Science Series17.3 (2008). Georgescu, Mircea. Some issues about risk management for E-banking, accepted paper series Social Science Research Network. (2006).Hosein, Nasim Z. Internet banking: Understanding consumer adoption rates among community banks.Shantou University, Shantou, China(2010).Kumar, Muneesh, Mamta Sareen, and Eric Barquissau. Relationship between types of trust and level of adoption of Internet banking.Problems and Perspectives in Management10, Iss. 1 (2012): 82-92.Nzevela, Anne K.The effect of internet banking risk management strategies on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Diss. The University of Nairobi, 24 (2015).Ramakrishnan, Ganesh. Risk management for internet banking.Information Systems Control Journal6 (2001): 48-51.Safeena, Rahmath, and Hema Date. Customer perspectives on e-business value: a case study on internet banking. Journal of Internet Banking and commerce15.1 (2010): 1.Sergeant, Carol. E-Banking: Risks and Responses.U.K. Financial Services Authority(2000).Sokolov, Dmitri. E-banking: risk management practices of the Estonian banks.Institute of Economics at Tallinn University of Technology101 (2007).Solanki, Virender Singh. Risks in e-banking and their management.International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services & Management Research1.9 (2012): 164-178.Tarantino, Anthony.Essentials of risk management in finance. Vol. 53. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.Uppal, R. K. Strategies to mitigate risk in internet banking.International Journal of Management(2011).Zarei, Shapoor. Risk management of internet banking.International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Engineering, and Data Bases. Cambridge, UK. 2011.

Stated to be barriers in the current environment and responsible for the reporting that is inadequate in relation to medical errors are:

Lack of a common understanding about errors among health care professionals

Physicians generally think of errors as individual that resulted from patient morbidity or mortality.

Physicians report errors in medical records that have in turn been ignored by researchers.

Interestingly errors in medication occur in almost 1 of every 5 doses provided to patients in hospitals. It was stated by Kaushal, et al., (2001) that "the rate of medication errors per 100 admission was 55 in pediatric inpatients. Using their figure, we estimated that the sensitivity of using a keyword search on explicit error reports to detect medication errors in inpatients is about 0.7%. They also reported the 37.4% of medication errors were caused by wrong dose or frequency, which is not far away from our result of…

Bibliography

Discussion Paper on Adverse Event and Error Reporting In Healthcare: Institute for Safe Medication Practices Jan 24, 2000

Patient Safety/Medical Errors Online at the Premiere Inc. page located at:  http://www.premierinc.com/all/safety/resources/patient_safety/downloads/patient_safety_policy_position_2001.doc 

Medstat / Shortell, S. Assessing the Impact of Continuous Quality Improvement on Clinical Practice: What It Will Take to Accelerate Progress.

Health Policy Monitor (2001) A Publication of the Council of State Governments Vol. 6, No. 1 Winter/Spring 2001 PO18-0101

Business Transformation Strategy

GE Capital oodchester is a leading provider of motor car, equipment, and personal finance in the country of Ireland. They offer the most flexible packages for diverse financial needs and as such, have earned the position of leading the personal and capitol acquisition financial services. GE Capital oodchester also provides specialized financing and services and they focus on niches including equipment and car leasing, hire purchase and loans to businesses and individuals across Ireland. Headquartered in Dublin, GE Capital oodchester services the financial needs of its customers through its regional sales centers and extensive dealer and partner network.

GE Capital oodchester is a wholly owned subsidiary of GE Capital. ith assets of more than U.S.$425 billion, (gecapitol.ie, online) GE Capital is a global, diversified financial services company with 28 specialized businesses worldwide. GE Capital has had an enviable record of growth over the past decade delivering value…

Works Cited

Who We Are. (2002) GE Capitol. Accessed 6 August 2003. Website: http://gecapital.ie/GECapital/WhoWeAre.cfm

Our Expertise. (2002) GE Capitol. Accessed 6 August 2003. Website: http://gecapital.ie/GECapital/OurExpertise.cfm

Hill, C. & Jones, G. (2001) Strategic management: an integrated approach, 5th ed. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston.

Porter, Michael. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors New York: Simon and Schuster.