East Asian History Essays (Examples)

One of those buildings was the International Foreign Trade Center -- Shenzhen's first skyscraper and the tallest building in China (36).

Hong Kong is commonly referred to as a place where "East meets West" because of its hybrid nature. That is, there is a culture mix occurring that is part traditional Chinese as well part ritish due to its colonization by the ritish. Hong Kong is quite a modern place, yet there is an infusion of traditional Chinese practices that makes the place unlike any other in the world. One example of how East may meet West in Hong Kong is how the art of feng shui may be utilized in constructing a modern piece of architecture. The old Chinese traditions are used to support newer ways of thinking and living. The architecture in Hong Kong is contemporary and reflects a more Western style as opposed to a Chinese traditional…

Bibliography

Campanella, Thomas. The Concrete Dragon: China's Urban Revolution. Princeton Architectural Press; 1st edition. 2008. Print.

Chen, Ming-Jer. Inside Chinese Business: A Guide for Managers Worldwide. Harvard Business Review Press. 2003. Print.

China Tour Online. "Shenzhen History." Retrieved on June 13, 2012 from http://www.chinatouronline.com/china-travel/shenzhen/shenzhen-facts/shenzhen-history.html. Web.

Ching, Julia. Chinese Religions. Orbis Books. 1993. Print.

East Asian Civilizations

(1) Unequal Treaties

(2) sino-japanese war 3

(3) MARCH 1ST MOVEMENT

(1) CHINA IN DECLINE

(1) CHINA's CIVIL WAR 7

(1) UNEQUAL TREATIES

The growing demand for Chinese tea, silk and ceramics by ritish had created severe trade imbalance for ritain. The ritish were also losing their silver reserves in exchange for Chinese goods. In late 1930's government of Great ritain found "opium" as a solution for resolving trade imbalance. Opium, which is more addictive than tea, was being supplied to China by ritish merchants. As demand for opium increased in China, ritain's imports increased and in this way silver bullion was flowing out of the China into ritain.

However Chinese government (Qing government) took serious steps to stop the trade of opium. Lin Zexu, which was appointed as an Imperial Commissioner for the Destruction of Opium, started an anti-opium campaign. During the campaign, opium stores were…

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CIIC. "Formation of the Chinese Civilization." 2001. China Internet Information Center. .

Devine, Richard. "Japanese Rule in Korea After the March First Uprising." Monumenta Nipponic 52.4 (1997).

Dyke, Van and Paul Arthur. Tha Canton trade: Life and Enterprise on the China Coast 1700-1845. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1998.

Liu, Li and Xingcan Chen. The Archaeology of China: From the Late Paleolithic to the Early Bronze Age. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Not only are many Chinese immigrants well assimilated into their host nations, but they also have established family businesses that preclude them from being interested in taking up a teaching position. Furthermore, many Chinese immigrants abroad speak dialects other than Mandarin.

Hanban is also a direct emissary for the Chinese government and as such, it can more directly spread Beijing-sponsored values and ideas. Creating and disseminating a uniform message about China is as important as spreading a standardized version of Mandarin. Teaching methods can also be universalized, standardized for quality and effectiveness by Hanban. The government of the United States has actively engaged in language exportation but in less formal ways. While no Hanban equivalent exists, English is disseminated regularly and systematically through the popular media and through international business enterprise.

eferences

Erard, Michael. "The Mandarin Offensive." Wired.com. retrieved Dec 1, 2006 at http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.04/mandarin.html?pg=1&topic=mandarin&topic_set

References

Erard, Michael. "The Mandarin Offensive." Wired.com. retrieved Dec 1, 2006 at  http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.04/mandarin.html?pg=1&topic=mandarin&topic_set

It must be recognized that religion in East Asia has had a complex and long history, including its influence upon the law. itual and religion in the region have been much more integrated and for a much longer time in history than has been the case for the Western paradigm. Hence, although the country appears to have adopted the basic paradigms of Western legislation, it is also true that the heart of the region remains in its history, and is likely to be extracted only by time and patience.

Xinping notes that there are two opinions that relate to the religious paradigm as it relates to the Chinese context specifically. The first views religion in the country on a positive and active platform; where religion adapts itself the socialist and contemporary society of the region. eligion is thus easily and actively able to adapt itself to the applicable laws of…

References

Glenn, H. Patrick. Legal Traditions of the World: Sustainable diversity in law. Oxford University Press, 2007.

Qin, Guoji. The Thinking Way of Confucianism and the Rule of Law. Journal of Politics and Law Vol. 1, No. 1. March, 2008.

Xinping, Zhuo. Religion and Rule of Law in China Today. Brigham Young University Law Review. 1 May 2009.  http://www.allbusiness.com/society-social/religion-spirituality-religion/13411800-1.html

(ACS Publication June 2006 A Growing Crisis In Patient Access to Emergency Surgical Care at (http://www.facs.org/ahp/emergcarecrisis.pdf)

Statement of Problem

There is a growing problem in the ability of individuals and communities to receive care, according to the American College of Surgeons, as the changing face of emergency care and medical care in general is putting patients at risk. The ACS and the AMA have both recently conducted professional surveys that indicate that the source of the problem is a lack of specialized surgical providers to cover existing trauma centers and a lack of those same staff members to help to establish new centers of care in areas, with the lowest numbers of provider services. (ACS Publication June 2006 A Growing Crisis In Patient Access to Emergency Surgical Care at (http://www.facs.org/ahp/emergcarecrisis.pdf)

The ACS Publication A Growing Crisis In Patient Access to Emergency Surgical Care stresses that the existing system is not…

Resources for Health 2006, 4:12 at  http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/4/1/12 

Fishman P.E. MD, Shofer, F.S. PhD, Robey J.L RN, BSN, Zogby, K.E. RN, BSN, Reilly, P.M. MD, Branas, C.C. MS, PhD, Pines, J.M. MD MBA, Hollander, J.E. MD. (October 2006), "The Impact of Trauma Activations on the Care of Emergency Department Patients With Potential Acute Coronary Syndromes" Annals of Emergency Medicine, 48: 4, pp. 347-353

Hofman, Primack, Keusch, & Hrynknow (Jan. 2005), "Addressing the growing burden of trauma and injury in low- and middle-income countries" American Journal of Public Health 95: 1 at  http://hestia.unm.edu.libproxy.unm.edu/search/i0090%2D0036/i00900036/1,1,1,B/l856~b1044007&FF=i00900036&1,1,1,0/startreferer//search/i0090%2D0036/i00900036/1,1,1,B/frameset&FF=i00900036&1,1,/endreferer/ 

Hospital Survey Sheds New Light on Diversions" (July 2004) Emergency Medical Services, at http://hestia.unm.edu/search/temergency+Medical+/temergency+medical/1,25,31,B/l856~b1044565&FF=temergency+medical+services&1,2,1,0

Mock, C.M. & Jurkovich, G.J. (1999) "Trauma System development in the United States," Trauma Quarterly 14:3 pp. 197-209.

In this regard, Francis adds that, "The determining factor will be ASEAN's ability to provide the leadership necessary to create a strong, independent East Asian Union" (Francis, p. 77). In addition, Bowles (2002) notes that the ongoing efforts to create improved Asia/Pacific regional cooperation are fundamentally efforts intended to balance the influence of the United States on the region and the world in general.

4. What are the main hypotheses of the work?

The guiding hypotheses of the proposed study are as follows:

H1: Encouraging China to participate in as a coalition leader in an East Asian Union in the future would serve to ensure that the price it would have to pay in terms of loss of trade and investment if it acts against the interests of the union's other members would be prohibitively high.

H2: Former Cold War alliances will be replaced by new ones in the future…

References

Bowles, Paul. 2002. "Asia's post-crisis regionalism: Bringing the state back in, keeping the (United) States out," in Review of International Political Economy (London) 9(2): 244- 270.

Francis, N. 2006. For an East Asian Union: Rethinking Asia's Cold War alliances. Harvard International Review 28(3): 76-77.

Gowan, P. 2003, July-August. "U.S. Hegemony Today." Monthly Review 55(3): 30-31.

Gratton, C., & Jones, Ian. 2003. Research Methods for Sport Studies. New York: Routledge.

" However, as strange as these ideas may be to a modern reader or historian, that is all the more reason to demand the rigorous perspective demanded by Cohen. If objectivity is impossible, then looking at historical events from as many interpretations as possible provides a potential solution.

Cohen's embrace of folklore, and of piecing together a patchwork quilt of perspectives is useful in unpacking the influence of people outside of the ruling class, and exposing hidden influences upon Chinese history in terms of the impact of the religion of ordinary people, particularly women, denied an education or access to the centers of power. However, even for a historian outside of the field of East sian studies, Cohen's ideas are useful in terms of how to approach history, particularly historical events that have become especially fraught with meaning in modern culture, beyond their immediate impact. Cohen is most sure-footed when…

At times, while reading about some of the Boxer's actions and beliefs, particularly in terms of their point-of-view of ritual purity, such a perspective can be difficult to assume. "The bandits passed the word around that, just as they were setting fire to the church in question, some woman from across the way had come out of her home and spilled dirty water. Their magic was therefore destroyed, and the misfortune extended [beyond the church]. On the basis of this [explanation], the families whose homes had been burned down didn't resent the Boxer bandits; they all cursed the woman." However, as strange as these ideas may be to a modern reader or historian, that is all the more reason to demand the rigorous perspective demanded by Cohen. If objectivity is impossible, then looking at historical events from as many interpretations as possible provides a potential solution.

Cohen's embrace of folklore, and of piecing together a patchwork quilt of perspectives is useful in unpacking the influence of people outside of the ruling class, and exposing hidden influences upon Chinese history in terms of the impact of the religion of ordinary people, particularly women, denied an education or access to the centers of power. However, even for a historian outside of the field of East Asian studies, Cohen's ideas are useful in terms of how to approach history, particularly historical events that have become especially fraught with meaning in modern culture, beyond their immediate impact. Cohen is most sure-footed when navigating the territory of the recent past, where there are more concrete documents for him to deal with, in terms of how the Boxers were viewed, but his approach could be applied to events of the even farther, as well as the more recent past.

Paul Cohen, "History in Three Keys," (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997), p.3

There were many unsuccessful attempts to transition to examples put forth by other countries particularly in the west that received both acceptance and rejection. Some efforts proved fruitful but many were fought against by the intellectuals as those at the lowest end of the socioeconomic structure had no voice. The transition in East Asia has reached a level of plateau; however, national identity and unification continue to be a goal that East Asia strives to maintain.

ibliography

Duiker, W., and Spielvogel, J. The Essential World History. oston, MA: Wadsworth,

Cengage Learning, 2011.

McNelly, Theodore. Induced revolution: The policy and process of constitutional reform in occupied Japan, in Democratizing Japan, pp / 76-106.

Rhoads, Murphey. East Asia: A New History. Pearson Longman, 2004.

Shillony, en-Ami. Politics and culture in wartime Japan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1991.

Sommerville, Donald. The complete illustrated history of World War Two: An authoritative account of the…

Bibliography

Duiker, W., and Spielvogel, J. The Essential World History. Boston, MA: Wadsworth,

Cengage Learning, 2011.

McNelly, Theodore. Induced revolution: The policy and process of constitutional reform in occupied Japan, in Democratizing Japan, pp / 76-106.

Rhoads, Murphey. East Asia: A New History. Pearson Longman, 2004.

Such loans have been immersed by the government or sold to private investors. The lenders and borrowers were also stimulated by Governments with entering into negotiations to reformulate the existing debts or to implement necessary measures for foreclosure. The private investors also were seen to have obtained or infused their funds in banks or low potential borrowers. However, the strategy of adjustment is not finished. The shortage of capital is still being felt by some of the banks in the region that reduces their lending capacity. The poor performance and liquidity crisis confronted by heavily indebted borrowers also adversely affected the financial strategies. (Moreno, 5)

It has been observed that the financial strategies of East Asia in the past have resulted in fast growth rates and also safeguarded the interests of lenders and borrowers that discouraged the efforts for taking precautions against potential risks involved. The continuing measures for developing…

References

Denis, Hew. Introductory overview: rethinking the east Asian development model.

ASEAN Economic Bulletin. April, 2002. Volume: 14; No:1; pp: 56-60

East Asia, the Pacific, and the U.S.: an economic partnership. Department of State bulletin, April, 1989. pp: 6-10

Eberstadt, Nicholas. Asia tomorrow, gray and male - demographic trends in East Asia. The National Interest. Fall, 1998. Volume: 12: No: 1; pp: 32-37

Asian Financial Crisis of 1997

The economies of the so-called "Asian Tigers" were looked at with envy by the rest of the world in the early 1990s. These Southeast Asian countries -- South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Thailand had shown impressive (in most cases double-digit) growth rates for the preceding decade and more; thus becoming "darlings" of liberal capitalism and globalization in the post-cold war era. Other developing countries were looking to follow their example, and indeed Indonesia and Philippines were straining at the leash to join the "tiger" club. Investors, bankers, and fund managers from all over the world were queuing up to be part of the Asian "economic miracle" -- and perhaps make a quick buck or two in the process. What's more -- the "trickle down effect" was actually pulling the poverty line in the region steadily downwards giving rise to a growing and…

References

The Asian Financial Crisis: Causes, Contagion and Consequences." (1999). Edited by Pierre-Richard Agenor etal. Global Economic Institutions. Cambridge University Press: UK

Das, Dilip K. (December, 2000). "Asian Crisis: Distilling Critical Lessons." UNCTAD Discussion Papers

Chronology of the Asian Currency Crisis and its Global Contagion" Based on Information from Several News Sources. Retrieved on September 24, 2002 at  

Over the course of time, this gave many, the ability to express ideas from: Chinese mysticism and culture. Guang is the classic example of this, where a mysterious dragon is resting on a base. This is signifying, the belief in East Asian ideals and what they have tied to these different views (such as dragons). Where, the subject is depicted to be: powerful and larger than life creature (even though they are not real). ("China and Korea 1729")

The Neighing Horse

The use of stoneware, allowed artists the ability to be able to: create real depictions of actual people and things. This helped artisans to design a real life representation of their subjects. They would then paint these images, to illustrate the emotions and feelings that were being experienced. This is important, because it helped to create new ways that artists could be able to: represent their subjects and the…

Economic Development of China and Korea

China and Korea, not exactly highly developed countries, but carry a mystique about them that intrigues everyone in the United States. Two countries, on the verge of emerging into their full economic potential, is at the present time, attracting plenty of media attention. as their economic bankruptcy influenced by the attack on America? The purpose of this essay is to discuss and compare the differences and similarities of the two countries, including education, culture, religion, traditions, way of living and history, and emphasizing the economic development of these two fascinating countries.

Korea had its beginning, about two thousand years ago, when two nations were in a battle, creating a small independent population area, which we now know it today as the nation, Korea. Korea actually evolved spontaneously, with no planning or organization. Although Korea developed it's own identity and uniqueness, it is the envy…

WWW.KOEANHISTORYPROJECT.ORG,3/2001

NA WARNING NOT TO SIGN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT,

WORLDSTREAM,2002

Death & Dying

The general beliefs about death and dying have shifted greatly over the years and centuries of known human existence. There are surely things from before recorded and known human history that can be said about death and dying that would be intriguing. In both modern and historic times, there has been a marked difference between the way that the Western civilizations handle and perceive death and dying and Eastern philosophies do the same. There are even patterns and customs that occur when it is obvious and apparent that a person's death is imminent due to old age or sicknesses like cancer. Of course, examples of the West would include Western Europe, Australia and North America, including the United States. The East would include China, Japan and many other countries in Asia. There are some similarities between the United States and the Eastern death and dying practices and…

References

Essman, E. (2014). Death and Dying, from Life in the U.S.A.: The Complete Guide for Immigrants and Americans. Lifeintheusa.com. Retrieved 20 March 2016, from  http://www.lifeintheusa.com/death/ 

Lee, S. (2009). East Asian Attitudes toward Death: A Search for the Ways to Help East Asian Elderly Dying in Contemporary America. The Permanente Journal, 13(3), 55. Retrieved from  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2911815/

great wars of the twentieth century can be classified as "total wars" not because of their far-reaching effects, although many of them have been global wars. Rather, the term "total war" refers more to the all-encompassing effect of war on the cultures involved. Total wars alter civilian mentality and ideology in a way traditional wars do not. Patriotism and nationalism are by no means new concepts; nor is taking civilian casualties a new practice. But since World War One, total wars have taken on new meanings and transformed political ideologies.

The term "total war" seems to have originated during World War One, when the idea of a "People's War" gained popularity. As burgeoning nationalism changed the face of European geographical boundaries, national identities fostered a fresh sense of patriotism. The 19th century saw the unification of Germany following a series of battles that incidentally led up to the First World…

The new powerful leader who emerged from that struggle starting in 618 was Li Shimin. Some of the more notable accomplishments of Li Shimin involved restoring stable government, developing technological advances, and by utilizing the "free labor and military service of millions of peasants" he helped bring in enormous tax revenues to the point that the government was "more affluent than it had ever been."

Meantime during the time that the Tang dynasty was emerging as the power source, Buddhism helped to stimulate closer contact with other countries and cultures. According to Ping Yao, writing in the peer-reviewed journal Nan Nu, Chinese Buddhism became "instrumental in the development of mothers' identity and in the conceptualization of ideal maternal virtues" (Yao, 2008, p. 57). By examining the epitaphs that are left from the Tang dynasty, Ping Yao has determined that children whose mothers were strong Buddhists mostly complied with their mothers'…

Works Cited

The Cosmopolitan Empires of Sui and Tang China: The Rise of the Sui Dynasty / The Tang

Builds an Empire / The Growth of Chinese Culture / The Tang Dynasty Declines.

Yao, Ping. "Good Karmic Connections: Buddhist Mothers in Tang China." Nan Nu. Vol. 10.

(2008): 57-85.

Of course, the much shorter pleated skirt we now associate with modern Japanese school girls is also a chic look, and the carrying over of this simple design into a popular and often fetish-linked fashion for Western girls of modern times is an important note of timelessness.

Court" Fashion for Japanese Males, Asuka Period (593-710):

Eastern influence is not reserved for Westerners alone, as one can see in Asuka and Nara period clothing designs from Japan. Chinese influence was strong during this time period for clothing styles in Japan between 593 to 794 AD. uddhism and Chinese culture design was popularized by the imperial court members that wore clothing of this kind. The hakama trousers remained intact, but without the binding ties below the knee that earlier periods had emphasized. The upper garment of this period, the "ho" ("Japanese Dress in Former Times...") was less form fitting than previous designs,…

Bibliography

Asian Art Museum of San Francisco. "Orientalism - East Meets West." Galley of Fashion. January 2005. http://gbacg.org/orientalism_fashion.htm

At-Home Dress." Metropolitan Museum of Art.  http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/orie/hod_1994.302.1.htm 

Banyan." Metropolitan Museum of Art.  http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/orie/hod_1981.208.2.htm 

Bhatia, Nandi & Puwar, Nirmal. "Fashion and Orientalism." Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body and Culture. October 2003. v7 n3-4.

History Naval Warfare

What was naval power in the age of sail and how did different sea going states exercise it from the period 1650-1850?

"There is a deep landlubber bias in historical and social research," writes Charles King. "History and social life, we seem to think, happen on the ground. What happens on the water…is just the scene-setter for the real action when the actors get where they are going. ut oceans, seas, and rivers have a history of their own, not merely as highways or boundaries but as central players in distinct stories of human interaction and exchange." Current essay is an exploration of the naval power and sea command during the period of the age of sail (1650-1850). The author has mentioned the war history and war strategies of major navies and sailors during this era. The author has also discussed how different sea going states exercise…

BibliographyAmes, Glenn Joseph. "Colbert, Mercantilism, and the French Quest for Asian Trade." DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, (1996).Black, Jeremy. "Britain as a Military Power, 1688-1815." London: UCL Press, (1999).Boxer, C.R. "The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825." London: Hutchinson, (1969). Brewer, John. "Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State, 1688-1783." Cambridge: Harvard University Press, (1988).Charles King, "The Black Sea: A History" Oxford: Oxford University Press (2004), 3.Diamond, Jared. "Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies." New York W.W. Norton & Co., (1997).Kennedy, Paul M. "The Rise and Fall of British Naval Mastery." Malabar, FL.: Robert E. Krieger, (1982).Pearson, M.N. Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat: The Response to the Portuguese in the Sixteenth Century. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.Timothy Brook, The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1998), 12.Warren I. Cohen East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000), 88.]

Conclusion

The author discussed the sea power in the age of sail i.e., 1650-1800 and how different countries adopt this power. For this purpose the author analyzed main sea powers during this period i.e., Purtogues, Dutch, French and English in the Atlantic Ocean and Chinese navy. The author concluded that sea power was the main source of authority for any country. The courtiers with powerful fleet ships and navy were dominant in the world.

Mostly the countries having command on sea used this dominance to expand trade. There are also evidences of unfair means to occupy other countries as well to maintain this occupation. The author also discussed how the British Royal Navy used impressments system to forcefully include the seaman in the Royal Navy.

Endnotes

All year-round, the smells of a coffin and coffin nails hover over her. Great-Grandmother does not brush her teeth. Great-Grandmother does not believe in airplanes. Great-Grandmother does not watch television

Great-Grandmother simply stands in front of the window of her Garret, or sits in the sun, a sun that does not penetrate her but simply casts a shadow behind her. She is very pale and does her hair in an archaic fashion, and has a face that the narrator describes as a set of wrinkles with archeological significance.

Each family treats the situation with different tactics but all show an inherent disdain for the very old, to the point of seeing and treating them as if they are inhuman, and with an irreverent lack of respect that is contrary to the culture from which they came. The only piece that offers a consoling look at the very old, throughout is…

Bi Feiyu, John Balcom, trans. The Ancestor in Goldblatt, Howard ed. Chairman Mao Would Not Be Amused. New York: Grove Press. 1996.

Su Tong, Howard Golblatt, trans. The Brothers Shu, in Goldblatt, Howard ed. Chairman Mao Would Not Be Amused. New York: Grove Press. 1996.

Kawabata Yasunari, George Seito' trans. The Moon on the Water in Sonu Hwi, Marshall, Pihl, trans. Thoughts of Home, in Peter Lee Modern Korean Literature, Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 1990, pgs 203-215.

They displayed great knowledge of architecture, and their building style had been noteworthy.

As the Roman Empire began to take shape, Romans built several wonderful architectural structures for their time. They built city walls, fortifications, temples, bridges, and pavements. Most of the structures were built using large stones which were gently cut. Romans are also among the first nations in the world to have built a functional sewer system. Their remaining of their architectural structures withstood the passing of millennia and survived till today. Christian churches and even apartments buildings were built over Roman temples and other public buildings with some of them, like the Theater of Marcellus being functional even today.

orks cited:

1 H.R. Hitchcock, Seton Lloyd, David Talbot Rice, Norbert Lynton, Andrew Boyd, Andrew Carden, Philip Rawson, John Jacobus 1963. "orld Architecture: An Illustrated History." McGraw-Hill.

2. Hamlin, Talbot 1940 "Architecture through the Ages." G.P. Putnam's Sons,…

Works cited:

1 H.R. Hitchcock, Seton Lloyd, David Talbot Rice, Norbert Lynton, Andrew Boyd, Andrew Carden, Philip Rawson, John Jacobus 1963. "World Architecture: An Illustrated History." McGraw-Hill.

2. Hamlin, Talbot 1940 "Architecture through the Ages." G.P. Putnam's Sons,

H.R. Hitchcock, Seton Lloyd, David Talbot Rice, Norbert Lynton, Andrew Boyd, Andrew Carden, Philip Rawson, John Jacobus. "World Architecture: An Illustrated History." McGraw-Hill, 1963.

Talbot Hamlin. "Architecture through the Ages." G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1940.

Some Chinese researchers assert that Chinese flutes may have evolved from of Indian provenance.

In fact, the kind of side-blon, or transverse, flutes musicians play in Southeast Asia have also been discovered in Africa, India, Saudi Arabia, and Central Asia, as ell as throughout the Europe of the Roman Empire. This suggests that rather than originating in China or even in India, the transverse flute might have been adopted through the trade route of the Silk Road to Asia. In addition to these transverse flutes, Southeast Asians possessed the kind of long vertical flutes; similar to those found in Central Asia and Middle East.

A considerable amount of similarities exist beteen the vertical flutes of Southeast Asia and flutes from Muslim countries. This type of flute possibly came from Persians during the ninth century; during the religious migration to SEA. Likeise, the nose-blon flute culture, common to a number of…

works cited:

Purple highlight means reference from his thesis, chapters 1-5

Blue highlight means reference from his raw research that was sent (17 files)

Yellow highlight means that writer could not find reference; one of the 17 files received

Gray highlight means writer found this source

Countries in ASEAN have virtually started to justify human rights violations through claiming that they support Asian values by doing so.

People in ASEAN feel that they will risk breaking off economic growth if they reform their systems in accordance with human rights. ASEAN leaders are unwilling to recognize human rights as being universal, considering that human rights as devised by estern countries are different from what ASEAN understands through human rights.

Apparently, ASEAN believes that "the economic, social, and political rights in the region are improving, while in Europe and North America, their democratic systems are rendered ineffective due to an overemphasis on individual rights" (Manan). Numerous people in ASEAN consider that the est's attempt to have them accept human rights convention is an example of its reluctance to recognize East Asia as a world centre.

In their struggle to refrain from having to have anything to do with…

Works cited:

1. Manan, Wan A. "A Nation in Distress: Human Rights, Authoritarianism, and Asian Values in Malaysia," SOJOURN: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 14, no. 2 (1999): 359.

2. Mohamad, Maznah "Towards a Human Rights Regime in Southeast Asia: Charting the Course of State Commitment," Contemporary Southeast Asia 24, no. 2 (2002)

3. Sheng, Lijun "China-ASEAN Free Trade Area: Origins, Developments and Strategic Motivations," Retrieved August 21, 2010, from the Institute of South East Asian Studies, Singapore Website:  http://www.iseas.edu.sg/ipsi12003.pdf 

Maznah Mohamad, "Towards a Human Rights Regime in Southeast Asia: Charting the Course of State Commitment," Contemporary Southeast Asia 24, no. 2 (2002)

Korean History: The Climate and Culture of Foreign Business

The challenge of any cultural history undertaken to determine the foreign business fitness of a location is to make sure that there is due respect afforded the society with regard to issues that might not be seen as directly affecting the bottom line. So much of the time in the business world we are collectively focused on the ideas that surround the continued development of the global world economy, without regard for the existence of prior national issues. An easily made mistake for a researcher addressing issues of Korea from the United States would be to distill Korean history into a form that only include the interests of this country after the Korean-American ar.

This account will attempt to address those issues by addressing the culture through its earliest history to its present state through modern demographics, religion, education, housing, leisure…

Works Cited

North Korean crisis starts to hurt South Korea economically." February 11, 2003. American

City Business Journals Inc. February, 11 2003 ( http://tampabay.bizjournals.com ).

South Korea gross national income soars." February 9, 2003. American City Business Journals

Inc. February 11, 2003. (

Confucianism is one of the major factors that influenced gender views and perception in traditional East Asia, particularly in relation to the treatment of women in these societies. Confucianism is primarily a teaching that was brought by Confucius, a philosopher, political figure, and educator. The teachings of Confucius formed the foundation of education in the traditional societies in East Asia, especially in China, Korea, and Japan. Confucius teachings affected many things in these societies including fixing gender roles between women and men. Based on these teachings, which influenced nearly every facet of life in the conventional Korean, Japanese and Chinese societies, placed women at a disadvantaged position. The teachings contributed to the development of a patriarchal environment in these societies, which worked to the disadvantaged of women. This paper examines how women exerted power and influence in a patriarchal environment in these three societies and what it teaches us about…

Every year more than million local population migrate towards the urban areas.

Gender Discrimination: The regional religious clerics and their influence over the governments have created broad problems for women, and thereby restricting their integration and involvement into society and profession. Although the females have secured permission to vote, and fight elections, but they are subjected to difficult terms and conditions. The employment of females in MENA has improved, however it is still 15% lower than East Asian countries.

Growing pressures on young men and women in the Middle East and North Africa to immigrate to Europe and the U.S. To find jobs and economic opportunities -- a process that inevitably creates new tensions and adjustment problems' (Strategic Insights: Globalization has eluded the Middle East).

egional trade of lower magnitude:. All the countries of the region have so far failed to progress over economic and trade agreements. The countries have…

References

S. Mujahid, WTO, Globalization and Pakistan: Dreaming for Global Living Standards Pakistan and Gulf Economist, May 20, 2002.

Cf. Jeffrey Sachs, Globalization and Patterns of Economic Development

A. Sen, If It's Fair It's Good: 10 Truths About Globalization," International Herald Tribune, July 14, 2001

A.T. Kearney Corp, Measuring Globalization, Foreign Policy

The British Empire gained significant land share within North America through its conquests and emigration. From the founding of Jamestown to the growth of the greater New England region, the North American territories represented a significant portion of the British Empire. Following the Seven Years War, England won the entire territory of New France and doubled the territory possession within North America. Although from a trade perspective North America was not the furtive economic zone that Britain originally envisioned, it did become a several exporter of tobacco, cotton and rice to the British Empire, as well as naval material and furs from the northern region. The American Revolution affected the British Empire in several different ways, it proved to be a symbolic blow the largest empire of the European Continent, and it provided a model for liberation and freedom throughout the rest of the colonial territories. The American Revolution occurred…

Ly, Tran, and Ho Epochs

The Dai Viet Kingdom had its origin in the middle of the 10th century until around the middle of the 11th century, when local chiefs were able to vie for control in what is now Land of Viet

However, regionalism is the pattern. As the Northern Tang dynasty crumbled, it lost control over South (which are now parts of Northern Vietnam)

The weakening of Northern Tang gradually led to the emergence of the Dai Viet kingdom

There was still a lot of in fighting, though. Chieftan Dinh Bo Lihn conquered the "Twelve Warlords" and established a capital at Hoa Lu, south of the Red River Delta not far from modern day Hanoi.

Dinh Bo Linh was succeeded by Le Hoan, who fought off Song Dynasty encroachment. Thus they gained regional dominance

Then Ly Cong Uan in early 11th cent, supported by Buddhist community, moved the…

People can feel more comfortable if their sense of safety results from a strong national security. Political leadership in cohesive-capitalist countries typically has a firm grip on the labor force, albeit sometimes the leadership becomes "repressive and authoritarian" and leaders are known to use nationalism (extreme patriotism) as a driver to keep people believing in the state.

A states that Kohli identifies as having pursued a cohesive-capitalist approach to economy and governing is South Korea under Park Chung Hee. Another country that has historically exhibited a cohesive-capitalist approach is Brazil. Both of those countries have experienced some success, Kohli goes on.

The fragmented-multiclass states have policies that lie somewhere between the two extremes previously mentioned. The leaders in fragmented-multiclass states are held accountable for more dynamics in their societies than others in the previous two state descriptions. For example, on page 215 Kohli states that India and Brazil during several…

Works Cited

Chu, Yun-han. "State Structure and Economic Adjustment of the East Asian Newly

Industrializing Countries." International Organization 43.4 (1989): 647-672.

Kohli, Atul. "States and Economic Development." Brazilian Journal of Political

Economy 29.2 (2009): 212-227.

Nearly all of the attempts of Catholic Church to unite Orthodox Christians failed and what they achieved are religious hatred and distrust to Catholic Church.

Nowadays Catholicism has more than a billion followers all over the world. Their spiritual leader Pope John Paul II does a great work to make a dialogue between different confessions and does a lot to reconcile the representatives of different confessions. Bartholomew I, who is the Archbishop of Constantinople, is the leader of nearly 300 million Orthodox Christians (who mostly live in eastern and Southern Europe, Middle East and North Africa). More over Patriarch of Constantinople is simply "the first among equals" and does not have any supreme power over other patriarchs. John Paul II looks for the ways to keep the dialogue with Orthodox Church and looks for the ways for reconciliation, but Orthodox Church is not really enthusiastic in this process. ussian patriarch…

References

Ware, K. The Orthodox Church [2nd Edition]. London, Penguin Books, 1993.

Lameygh, E. CICM "The Laity in History" in East Asian Pastoral Review, Vol XXIII No.3 1986

Baldwin, M.W. Christianity Through the Thirteenth Century, New York: Harper & Row, 1970. p.182-183

Differences between Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Christian Churches, Article the Associated Press Saturday, May 8, 1999

Maoist China and Post-War East Asia

To Live and the oral interviews of Chinese citizens who suffered under the Maoist regimes should be on the list of essential reading material for any individual compiling an encyclopedia entry on the life of Mao Zedong. While reading Mao's actual biography by a credible author would be important, the impact of Mao's life upon the populace is equally significant. The biographical text would be used for the basic information about Mao's life -- the circumstances under which he was born, what moved him to adopt communism, and his struggle against the Chinese nationalists that ultimately cumulated in his ascendency to leadership in China.

However, these 'driver's license' facts only scratch the surface of how Mao is remembered by the Chinese people. Interviews such as "A foot of mud and a pile of shit" show the suffering of people forced to toil the land…

Q2. When the United States assumed control over Japan, Japan had experienced a reactionary period in which worship of the Emperor and a military dictatorship eradicated any democratic leanings that had existed in the country before. The victorious United States was determined to democratize Japan as a way of ensuring that Japan's remilitarization would never happen again. As well as disarming Japan, the U.S. created a Japanese national constitution that, in effect, imposed democratic values upon Japan. The 1947 Constitution enshrines individual rights as part of its essential fabric.

The economic and political success of Japan would seem to suggest that the U.S. was successful in its mission. However, it should be noted that certain aspects of Japanese culture remain fundamentally unchanged, despite the institution of the American-authored document. Collectivism remains a stronger philosophical value than individualism in Japan than the United States, and Japanese political life has tended to be characterized by far less external debate and divisiveness than in European parliamentary democracies. This suggests that changes in national culture are difficult to instate from without.

As depicted in the documentary about relationships between U.S. servicemen and East Asian women Outside, American has tended to see Asian nations as exotic and different, and either in need of taming or fundamentally different than the U.S. The 1947 Constitution began as a way of trying to make Japan like the West, and supposedly 'better' than it had been, but Japanese culture has since interpreted constitutional values through a uniquely Japanese lens. Although Japan has incorporated some aspects of European culture into itself, it has always done so with a Japanese perspective. This cultural clash between American and Japanese perspectives is dramatized in The Cocktail Party. The play suggests there is mutually justified anger on both sides: Japanese people are angry at Americans because of the mistreatment they suffered immediately after the war, while American soldiers and victims of Japanese wartime violence are slow to forgive.

427). The limitations of the steppe people -- for example, the Mongols -- was running into geographical conditions that they were not used to. India was sheltered from invasion by the Tibetan barrier (until a way to go around it was found). These examples show how the lay of the land influences history.

His third key in describing geo-historical dynamics is the technological rivalry between land and sea. His often used term for this is "mobility of power." Mackinder contrasts land-power and sea-power. Land-power during the Columbian period means horses or camels such as those the Mongol hordes used for conquest. These are appropriate instruments for traversing the steppes and engaging in raids across relatively flat land. In contrast to this is sea-power: "Mobility upon the ocean is the natural rival of horse and camel mobility in the heart of the continent" (p. 432). Sea-power is crucial for the outlying…

Works Cited

Mackinder, H.J. (1904). The Geographical Pivot of History. The Geographical Journal, 23(4), 421-437.

China did not have any debts to pay. However, actually during this era Chinese authority had been so undermined and the prestige of the government with its own people so completely destroyed "that it may well be said to have prepared the ground for the Walpurgis night of imperialism, which was witnessed in the decade following the Sino-Japanese War in 1895."

For example, one major complication that rendered diplomatic relations between China and the Western nations led by Britain extremely difficult was the attitude of the British mercantile community. The chimera of inexhaustible trade had drawn them into the interior. The central highway of China, the Yangtze, had now been opened. "Settlements" and trading establishments existed in every important city. Yet for some reason the results were bitterly disappointing. The fabulous China trade did not materialize.

The mercantile community blamed their failure on the opposition of the Chinese officials. Their…

References

Michael, Franz. Taiping Rebellion. Seattle: Washington Press, 1971.

Pannikkar, K.M. Asia and Western Dominance: A Survey of the Vasco Da Gama Epoch of Asian History, 1498-19 London: George Allen & Unwin, 1953.

Reilly, Thomas. Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Seattle: Washington Press, 2004

Shih, Vincent. Taiping Ideology. Seattle: Washington Press. 1967.

history of China's importance to the U.S., from Nixon's visit to China in 1972 to the present, which contributed to the implementation of Obama's 'U.S. Pivot to Asia Strategy'?

The Cold War represented one of the most important periods in the history of the world. It did not only changed the way in which the political world was configured following the end of the Second World War, but, at the same time, it marked a change in the perspective of the way in which relations among states and international actors are perceived. From this point-of-view, the end of this period marked the beginning of an era in which the political coordinates for international relations were uncertain and lacked a particular direction. The demise of the Soviet Union left the United States as the overall winner in the bipolar struggle. However, the entire state system was thrown into a state of…

References

BBC. Hu rejects China political reform. 15 September, 2004.  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3657906.stm 

Bijian, Zheng. China's "Peaceful Rise" to Great-Power Status. "Foreign Affairs," September/October, 2005.

Calvocoressi, Peter. World politics since 1945. New York: Longman, 1987.

Daniels, Robert V., ed. A Documentary History of Communism. New York: Random House, 1960.

Chinese calligraphy & Western calligraphy

Weather in the East or in the West, calligraphy, the art of writing, is first and foremost an art form, by definition. This art is dedicated to practical purposes, but as any craft, it has taken its own individuality as an expression of the craftsman's abilities, his imagination, creative power and mastering of the specific techniques.

Calligraphy and literature are highly dependent on each other in sia, particularly in China. Technology has brought typewriters and keyboards on writers' desks in most places in the world, yet Chinese writers as well as painters are still paying a great deal of effort and attention to the art of calligraphy. It is only through the lens of the Chinese culture that one might properly understand the value of calligraphy. Most of the western world would consider calligraphy as an art of the past with no particular resonance in…

Avi-Yonah, Michael. 2004. Ancient Scrolls: Introduction to Archaeology. Books&Bagels

Beyerstein, Barry L. 1992. The Write Stuff: Evaluations of Graphology -- the Study of Handwriting Analysis. Prometheus Books

 http://www.westerncape.gov.za/text/2005/2/sep04theartspg44-46.pdf

Archaeological Sites in the U.S.

Underwater Archaeology

This paper examines underwater archaeology in the U.S. The paper discusses excavation techniques, tools and technology and also explores the Clovis theory. The paper also reviews findings at several submerged North American prehistoric archeological sites.

Underwater survey and excavation are typically more expensive and logistically more complex than comparable terrestrial projects. Underwater conditions involve more variability from site to site, and even from hour to hour at the same site. All survey and excavation work is constrained by safety factors; in general the deeper the site, the less time that a scuba diver can remain at that depth. Other factors that are frequently less than ideal include water currents, temperature, and visibility (Merwin, Lynch, and Robinson, 42).

Nonetheless, the potential to recover significant archaeological data outweighs the disadvantages of working underwater. In fact, underwater sites may allow for the preservation of organic materials…

Works Cited

Anderson, David G. And Faught, Michael K. "The Paleoindian Period (ca. 13,000 B.C. To 7,900 B.C.)." National Park Service. n.d. Web. 6 May 2012. .

Faught, Michael K. "Submerged Paleoindian and Archaic Sites of the Big Bend, Florida." Journal of Field Archaeology 29, 3-4, (2004): 273-290.

"Florida's First People" Florida State University 2004. Web. 6 May 2012. .

Merwin, Daria E., Lynch, Daniel P., and Robinson, David, S. "Submerged Prehistoric Sites in Southern New England: Past Research and Future Directions" Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of Connecticut 65 (2003): 41-56.

" (nd) the conception of Ringrose is one that was based upon "family, clan, and community allegiances. The links in such a network are stated to have resulted from "individual decisions and, in the aggregate, they constituted the inter-city transactions that, described collectively, allow us to identify urban networks." (nd)

II. GLOAL EXPANSION of CHINA

Ringrose relates that the same process is observable in the history in Ming China. The community schools were only nominal providers of education and "were subverted by local elites in a predictable way." (nd) However, in sixteenth century China central authority was not nearly as overwhelming in affairs that were local resulting in these schools being transformed by elites into "academies that provided the training necessary to pass the Imperial Civil Service examination." (Ringrose, nd) Not only did bureaucracy become more acknowledging of local dynamics in communities but also resulting was the construction of "commercial…

Bibliography

Europeans Abroad, 1400-1700: Strangers in Not-so-Strange Lands" Online available at http://www.iga.ucdavis.edu/Research/All-UC/conferences/2006-fall/Ringrose.pdf

Zurndorfer, Harriet T. (nd) Cotton Textiles and Ming/Qing China in the Global Economy (1500-1840) Online available at  http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/economicHistory/GEHN/GEHNPDF/PUNEZurndorfer.pdf 

Frank, Andre Gunder. 1998. ReOrient: The Silver Age in Asia and the World Economy (Berkeley: University of California Press)

Pikerman, Allen (2002) the Iberian Golden Age: European Expansion, Exploration and Colonization 1400-1650. 2002. Online available at http://history-world.org/iberian_golden_age.htm

Asian Studies

Countries are very much representative of human nature. If you were to examine a microcosm of a nation at its basic level, it would be a local community or neighborhood. The people who live in the same community usually tend to share similar economic levels and cultural attitudes. Neighbors also influence the behaviors of each other. For example, affluent neighborhoods tend to have good school systems, active kids (as in after school programs), and involved parents. To a certain degree, these things are expected. This notion is applicable to the nations of China, Korea, and Japan. This paper will examine similarities and differences between these counties in a historical context. China and Japan were traditional societies that responded differently to the external stimuli of foreign relations. Korea is also similar in this regard but their foreign invaders were Japanese not estern imperialists. All three nations also suffered under…

Works Cited:

Cumings, Bruce. "We look at it and see ourselves." London Review of Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2014. .

Hedges, Frank. "Japan is Speeding Korean Education." New York Times [New York City ] 6 Aug. 1939: 12. Print.

Takaki, Ronald T.. Strangers from a different shore: a history of Asian-Americans. Boston: Little, Brown, 1989. Print.

Thomson, James Claude, Peter W. Stanley, and John Curtis Perry.Sentimental imperialists: the American experience in East Asia. New York: Harper & Row, 1981. Print.

1750-1914 present east asia 5 citations paragraph 1st paragraph - change 1914-present give explanation 2nd paragraph - change 1914 - present give explanation 3rd paragraph - a continuity 1914 present give explanation conclusion paragraph generalizations bogus sites wikipedia online encyclopedias MLA citation essay 12 pieces researched evidence, 3 paragraph 6 scholarly resources wikipedia mentioned orks cited page Entries single-spaced -- inverse indentation (double space entries) Entries alphabetized authors' names.

The Asian continent was less successful in keeping foreign influences away from its borders in the last three centuries, given that globalization made it increasingly difficult for nations across the continent to maintain their customs and traditions. Even with that, many Asian countries managed to adopt a series of practices from other cultures without losing their own cultural values. The industrial revolution is a step that did not take place in Asia as it did in Europe or America, given that…

Works cited:

Clyde, Paul Hibbert A History of the Modern and Contemporary Far East: A Survey of Western Contacts with Eastern Asia during the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (New York: Prentice-Hall, 1937)

Embree, Ainslie T. And Gluck, Carol eds., Asia in Western and World History: A Guide for Teaching (Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe, 1997)

Gelber, Harry G. Nations Out of Empires: European Nationalism and the Transformation of Asia / (New York: Palgrave, 2001)

Jensen, Richard Jon Davidann, and Yoneyuki Sugita, eds., Trans-Pacific Relations: America, Europe, and Asia in the Twentieth Century (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003)

Immigration, Spatial, And Cultural Aspects of the Canadian Pacific Railway

At the turn of the 19th century, Chinese emigration began in Canada. The Chinese saw Canada as a place for new and prosperous opportunities in order to send money and goods back to their relatives in China. Voyagers from Hong Kong to Canada would take three weeks on water. Often they left China after being poverty or destitution.

From the 1880's up till the 1920's the kind of labor the Chinese were involved in was the raw work of a beginning industrial economy. The Chinese workers were either semiskilled or skilled and worked in the British Columbia salmon canneries and sawmills. hile some worked in the factories and sawmills, still others worked farming, clearing land, or becoming shopkeepers, peddlers, or even restaurateurs. The Chinese immigrants who were unskilled, typically found work in the laundry trade.

Before the 1920's however, Chinese…

Works Cited

Cleveland, Jennifer, and Brittany Dewar. Connecting Canada: a History of the Railway through Rogers Pass from 1865 to 1916. British Columbia: University of Victoria, BC, 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2013. .

Downey, Jack C. "The Chinese in Canada - The Good, The Bad and the Ugly by Jack CD Downey AKA The Gallopping Geezer." Canadian Culture- Canada's Number 1 Supportive Networking Directory - Find yourself here Canada. N.p., 2012. Web. 22 Nov. 2013. .

FCCRWC. "The Ties that Bind." MHSO - Multicultural History Society of Ontario. MHSO, 2010. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. .

"History of the Chinese in Canada." Welcome to Mysteries of Canada. Debates of the Senate (Hansard) 1st Session, 36th Parliament, Vol. 137, 2 Feb. 1999. Web. 23 Nov. 2013. .

academic and popular discourse on East Asia, Korea has a long, strong, and unique history. The culture of Korea has evolved over the last several millennia to become one of the world's most distinctive, homogenous, and intact. Being surrounded by large and ambitious neighbors has caused Korea to have a troubled history, evident in the most recent generations with the division between North and South. The division between North and South Korea is the first time the peninsula has been divided since its initial unification in the mid-7th century CE. Until the Korean War, the people of Korea have been bound together by common language, customs, and political culture. No significant minority culture or linguistic group has made Korea its home, and although Korea has been invaded and encroached upon by others, it has also never been an expansionist or imperialistic culture either.

The Korean peninsula has been inhabited since…

References

Armstrong, C.K. (2015). Korean history and political geography.

Eckert, C.J., Lee, K., et al. (1991). Korea Old and New. Korea Institute, Harvard University Press.

"Hidden Korea," (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved online:  http://www.pbs.org/hiddenkorea/history.htm 

Nelson, M.N. (1993). The Archaeology of Korea. Cambridge University Press.

Indian Dance

An Analysis of the History and Origins of "Belly Dancing"

Indian Dance is described in the est as "belly dancing," but the name "belly dancing" does not do justice to the style of dance which the title conveys. Indian and Middle Eastern dance actually has more of a history to it than what the est views merely as a kind of erotic show. Described as "danse du ventre" by the French in the Victorian Age, the English translation has come to signify the Indian dance, which in Arabic is known as raqs sharqi or raqs baladi -- the former meaning "Dance of the Near East" and the latter meaning "Folk dance." Essentially, what esterners have identified as "belly dancing" is actually the traditional folk dance of the Middle East and India. This paper will discuss the origins and history of Indian Dance, or "belly dancing," and show how…

Works Cited

"Belly Dancing." Eijkhout.net. 2000. Web. 12 Oct 2011.

Deagan, Andrea. "In Search of the Origins of Dance." UNCW. Web. 12 Oct 2011.

Jusserand, J.J. English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages. Chatham, UK: W&J Mackay & Co. Ltd., 1950. Print.

Wright, Marisa. "Origins of Belly Dance." HubPages. 2009. Web. 12 Oct 2011.

Although the most powerful nomadic influence over Eurasian politics, economics, and religion -- it was not the first.

The earlier Turkish nomadic factions coming from Central Asia also had heavy influences on both Asia and the rest of the world. During the Post-Classical Era, the Turks began to regain a new strength that once again threatened the European empires to the est. As the Turks grew more and more powerful, this power began to seriously impact both Asian and European politics during the time. The Middle East was greatly shaped, both politically and religiously, by theinfluence of the Turks, "Turkic groups later known as the Seljuks migrated into the Middle East, where they played an important role in Islamic civilization," (Invictus 1). This group of Turks strengthened the role of Islam as both a religion and a political policy within the region. As the area became increasingly dominated by Islamic…

Works Cited

Invictus, Imperator. "History of Central Asia: An Overview." All Empires. 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2009 at  http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=history_central_asia

In Thailand, the people take everything with a smile, and even when they make blunders and mishaps, and the same is pointed out to them, they tae it with a smile. People from the West feel that they are being laughed at, as they are probably less accustomed to being shouted at. (Social Customs) This is a peculiar institution and is seen in some cultures and probably these are the cultures who feel that they are superior to the other cultures surrounding them, or who have come into their country. This is also probably the reason why the Thais have never changed their culture due to influences of other countries.

eferences

Thai history before the Sukhothai kingdom. etrieved from www.kingdom-of-thailand.com/history.htm. Accessed on 30 April, 2005

Thailand: Economic Policy Analysis. McKeever Institute of Economic Policy Analysis. etrieved at http://www.mkeever.com/thailand.html. Accessed on 30 April, 2005

Thailand Culture. etrieved at http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/south_east_asia/thailand/culture.htm. Accessed on…

References

Thai history before the Sukhothai kingdom. Retrieved from www.kingdom-of-thailand.com/history.htm. Accessed on 30 April, 2005

Thailand: Economic Policy Analysis. McKeever Institute of Economic Policy Analysis. Retrieved at  http://www.mkeever.com/thailand.html . Accessed on 30 April, 2005

Thailand Culture. Retrieved at  http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/south_east_asia/thailand/culture.htm . Accessed on 30 April, 2005

Thailand has a tropical climate with three seasons. Retrieved at http://www.kingdom-of-thailand.com/climate.htm. Accessed on 30 April, 2005

While on one hand, the Nile gets the highest discharge from rainfall on the highlands of Ethiopia and upland plateau of East Africa, located well outside the Middle East region; on the other hand, discharge points of the other two rivers, Euphrates and Tigris, are positioned well within the Middle East region, prevailing mostly in Turkey, Syria along with Iraq. In other areas, recurrent river systems are restricted to the more northern upland areas of Iran and Turkey, in common with the coastline of Levant (Peter eaumont, Gerald H. lake, J. And Malcolm Wagstaff, 1988).

The conflict in the Future

It is widely believed by many experts that those who control the waters in the Middle East; control the Middle East; and those who control the Middle East; control the oil supply of the world (David M. Hummel, 1995). From the above mentioned facts it is clear that the water…

Bibliography

Anthony H. Cordesman. Peace is Not Enough: The Arab-Israeli Economic and Demographic Crises. Part Two. Population Growth, Fertility and Population Doubling Rates, Regional Trends, National Trends, and the "Youth Explosion" Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1998.

Adel Darwish. Troubled waters in rivers of blood. Water Issues. 3 December 1992. http://www.mideastnews.com/water004.html

Adel Darwish. Inadequacy of international law. Taken at http://www.mideastnews.com/WaterWars.htm

Ashok Swain. A new challenge: water scarcity in the Arab world. Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ). January, 1998.

The Egyptian King Faud (1922-36) repeatedly disbanded popularly elected afd governments, despite huge majorities, due to their distinctly nationalist platform. The fickleness of the British position is exemplified by their later coercion of King Farouk (1936-52) to appoint an enfeebled afd government due to their need for a neutral Egypt during the Second orld ar. This intense irony does not detract from the fact that the monarchs in Egypt and Iraq were very powerful political actors but were 'so closely associated with the structures of colonialization that they did not outlast them' (Owen 1992, 19). The British imperialists exploited the constitutional power of the King to dismiss any elected government of nationalists 'that threatened to tear up or amend the arrangements…defining Britain's rights' (Owen 1992, 19). Hence, once again, diminishing the authority of the regime they installed and creating a lack of respect for lawfully elected governments.

Pan-Arabism Causes Conflict…

Works Cited

Anderson, L. "The State in the Middle East and North Africa." Comparative Politics 20, no. 1 (1987): 1-18.

Ayubi, N. Over-stating the Arab State. London: Tauris, 1995.

Batutu, H. "Of the Diversity of Iraqis, the Incohesiveness of their Society, and their Progress in the Monarchic Period toward a Consolidated Political Structure." In The Modern Middle East: A Reader, by A. Hourani. London: Tauris, 1993.

Beinin, J, and Z. Lockman. Workers on the Nile. London: Tauris, 1988.

Medieval Source Book: A literary History of Persia (45-46)
The author Browne (2009) describes an encounter so vicious and so ruthless under the hands of some people from the East. These people invaded Asia with only one purpose, to kill. The author reiterates that there is a good chance that there has never been another calamity as vicious as the one encountered by the Persians during this period. According to him even the affliction that was meted on the children of Israel by Nebuchadnezzar was nothing compared to what he encountered. He says that the number of people massacred by these accursed miscreants in a single city exceeded the entire population of the children of Israel. The author goes ahead to say that it is very likely that the world will never encounter anything as vicious as what he encountered.

The Tatars, as the author calls them, were people who…

Harvard Professor of History and Economics David S. Landes states in his book that that no has the simple answer as to why some nations are very rich and some are very poor today, he nevertheless argues that the West has been way ahead of the East in progress and success. He categorically points to England as the first country in world history to develop and this happened in the 18th century. Because of this, he writes that Europe (or England) shows how a nation can succeed. The book is a direct negation of the concept of multiculturalism in declaring that even the Chinese and Islamic civilizations' great scientific and technological advancements could not continue to progress as Europe has. He attests to a European miracle in earlier centuries.

Landex compares the development of the West and the East to show how the West won and has led. He uses…

Fathom Knowledge Network. The Wealth and Poverty of Nations, 2002

Gray, Christopher M. The Wealth and Poverty of Nations, a book review. Orbis, 1998

Landes, David S. The Wealth and Poverty of Nations. New York, USA W.W. Norton, 1998

Culture

Food History of North America Cuisine

What is the geographical location of North America and why it would have an effect on the North America cuisine? (i.e., what is the weather condition in North America and does that play an affect as to why they eat the foods they eat and what foods do they eat mostly).

North America is a vast area that has many different geographical areas and so, they have an amazing affect on the food that North Americans eat. The long shorelines provide every kind of seafood from Alaskan king crab to Maine Lobster. The interior of North America is made up of prairie, both in the U.S. And Canada, and it is fertile, flat soil that is easily farmed. The area provides food to the entire world.

Because the area is so vast, the weather is different throughout North America, and influences the foods…

References

Jones, Oakah L. "5 / Hacia El Norte! The Spanish Entrada into North America, 1513-1549." North American Exploration: A New World Disclosed. Ed. John Logan Allen. Vol. 1. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1997. 241-291.

Kupperman, Karen Ordahl. "7 / A Continent Revealed: Assimilation of the Shape and Possibilities of North America's East Coast, 1524-1610." North American Exploration: A New World Disclosed. Ed. John Logan Allen. Vol. 1. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1997. 344-399.

Sutherland, Amy. Cookoff: Recipe Fever in America. New York: Penguin Books, 2003.

Tannahill, Reay. Food in History. New York, Crown Publishers, 1988.

By acquiring Airborne Express, a new ranking for this year would likely move them up the chain a spot or two. The second table looks simply at the domestic market share for 2002, and it can be seen that DHL does not rank very highly. This was likely due to the fact that the merger with Airborne Express was not yet completed and therefore the abilities that DHL had on the ground in the domestic market were not strong. Although no new data has yet been presented, it would be interesting to see whether DHL's ranking is higher now than it was then, now that the merger with Airborne Express has been completed.

Table 2: U.S. domestic expedited cargo market share

Third quarter 2002

U.S. Postal Service

FedEx Express/Ground

Airborne/DHL

All others

Includes domestic air and ground parcel.

Source: DHL/Airborne, 2003.

Driving Factors

One of the reasons that DHL does…

Works Cited

DHL: Once upon a time in America. (2004). Commentwire. Retrieved 13 December 2004 at  http://www.commentwire.com/commwire_story.asp?commentwire_ID=5324 

DHL signs agreement with 1,200 mail centers. (2004). Florida Business Briefs. Miami Herald. Retrieved 12 December 2004 at  http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/business/10362391.htm?1c 

DHL/Airborne deal could shake up U.S. express market: billion-dollar deal will give Deutsche Post subsidiary the No. 3 U.S. market position for overnight air shipments. (News & Analysis). (2003). Logistics Management.

DHL Scoops Awards in Operations, Employee Innovation and Brand Advertising. (2002). Retrieved 13 December 2004 at  http://www.eyefortransport.com/index.asp?nli=freight&nld=&news=33991

USSR REFLECTION & RESPONSE

The end of the U.S.S.R. as explained in the very beginning of the source material is really not all that shocking when looking at the fate of other "empires" over the course of human history. One could point to other empires like the Roman one, which itself fell. More recently, even more modern versions of empires have fallen as well. For much of the 1600's, 1700's, 1800's and even the early 1900's, there were three countries that controlled most or at least much of the world, those being Great Britain, France and Spain. Regardless of the type and how big they get, they always seem to fall under the weight of their governmental structure, their compromised society or even just their sheer enormity on the global scale.

However, Russia as it is currently constituted is certainly still huge. The required source notes that the country is…

Religions of the Far East are often clumped into a monolithic entity, perceived as essentially alike by those not familiar with the complexity and individuality of these traditions. Closer examination, however, shows that the major religions with roots in the Far East demonstrate a wide variety of beliefs. The tendency to group them under the heading of "Eastern religion" alone does not allow for the different histories, beliefs, and practices of these traditions. This tendency, however, has some validity in that Eastern belief systems do share many characteristics. In this essay, I will explain the basic precepts, including similarities of, differences in, and the relationship between three major Eastern traditions: Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism.

First, I will give a basic overview of the three belief systems, exploring their histories and general precepts . Then, I will explore the specific beliefs which these faiths share, as well as the beliefs which…

Works Cited

Edwards, L., 2001. A Brief Guide to Beliefs. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press.

Esposito, J., Fasching, D., and Lewis, T., 2002. World Religions Today. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hopfe, L. And Woodward, M., 2001. Religions of the World, 8th ed.. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Sharma, A., 1993. Our Religions. San Francisco: Harper Collins Publishers.

Taoism and Later World Religions

Laozi -- the legendary author of the Dao Dejing -- may not have been a real person, since his name is simply the Chinese for "Old Master." Yet the Dao itself would not want this fact to get in our way inquiring what Laozi himself would have thought of something -- after all, the Dao teaches that "the name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name." Indeed, the Dao's insights are particularly interesting in considering developments in world religion after the time in which the Dao Dejing was composed (somewhere between about 500 and 300 B.C.E.). I hope to apply the principles of Laozi to take a Daoist view of the two major religions to rise out of Judaism -- Christianity and Islam.

A Daoist view of Islam would be somewhat contradictory. Islam itself means submission unto the will of Allah.…

Movement

All good things must come to an end, and at no time is this fact truer than in China in 1911, when the Xinhai Revolution resulted in the fall of the Qing Dynasty. This led to a period of unrest, as the world's powers engaged in orld ar I. Even though China had participated in the war on the side of the Allies, China was betrayed during the negotiations at the Treaty of Versailles. Instead of being given autonomy over a controlled sphere of interest in the Shandong district of China, the Treaty of Versailles instead gave this territory over to Japan. China's May 4th Movement ended up being an anti-est, anti-imperialist cultural shift that grew out of student demonstrations in 1919.

The weak response of the Chinese government to reclaim the Shandong province for itself in self-defense led to accusations of corruption. hether or not the government was…

Works Cited

Chen, Duxiu, "Our Final Awakening." (Essay, 1916). Retrieved from,  http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/china/chen_duxiu_final_awakening.pdf .

Chiang, Kai-shek, "Essentials of the New Life Movement." (Speech, 1934). Retrieved from,  http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/cup/chiang_kaishek_new_life.pdf .

Mao, Zedong, "Reform our Study." (Speech, 1941). Selected Works of Mao, Beijing Foreign Languages Press, 1971.

Ethnic/acial Groups

Looking at history from a purely anthropological standpoint, no one is actually native to North America. esearch concludes that this is true whether the particular research bases its findings on Darwinism or Judeo/Christian/Muslim beliefs. Life began somewhere in the area of the world now known as the Middle East. However, some people are more native, as a result of having lived in North America the longest, than others. After the original colonists arrived across the land bridge many thousands of years ago, it is debated who showed up next, but it was probably some European Vikings out for a short fishing trip. Columbus was a late comer, and he realized that people had already colonized the land he "discovered." It was not until everyone else had arrived in America, that Africans were brought over to work the land in chattel slavery. Three groups Native Americans (American Indians used…

References

Abernathy, D. (2002). The dynamics of global dominance: European overseas empires, 1415-1980. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Chavez y Gilbert, D.A. (2007). Cowboys and Indians are family after all. Retrieved from  http://www.nmhcpl.org/First_American.html 

Parrillo, V.N. (2011). Strangers to these shores: Race and ethnic relations in the United States. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Ltd.