Financial Manager Essays (Examples)

Financial analysts play a number of roles within an organization. They made assessments of the value of investments the firm has or may have in the future. They can specialize in determining the value of projects. In addition, financial analysts are engaged in risk assessment, and take steps to determining the best ways for the firm to mitigate the risks that have been identified. Overall, financial analysts use a multitude of different knowledge sets including taxes, finance, economics and risk management to assist the company in making the best financial decisions for the firm (BLS, 2010).

a )The net profit would be the gross profit less operating expenses, interest expenses and tax expenses. Thus, the net profit is: $1,000,000 - $345,000 - $125,000 = $530,000. From this the taxes are removed: $530,000 * (1-.3) = $371,000. The preferred stock dividends of $57,000 must then be removed in order to determine…

Works Cited

BLS. (2010). Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-11 Edition. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved May 21, 2011 from  http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos301.htm 

Loth, R. (2011). Financial ratios tutorial. Investopedia. Retrieved May 21, 2011 from  http://www.investopedia.com/university/ratios/

Aside the attraction of customers, the money invested in marketing have created the desired outcome of a strong and reputable brand. Another pivotal element in the financial strategies has been that of maximizing the efficiency of managing inventories. This was necessary in order to continually strengthen the brand as well as achieve the profitability goals. Alongside with operating principles, supply-chain renovation and inventory management, financial management represents the pillar of the Nike business model (Filbeck, Krueger and Preece, 2007).

7. Discussion

It is extremely difficult to generalize the approaches of multinational organizations to financial management as each individual entity will employ those courses of action which best suit its needs as well as its characteristics. Whilst Ford continued to invest its resources in the manufacturing of large and luxurious vehicles in an attempt to drive the market, McDonald's has recognized the necessity in satisfying customer needs and has as such…

References:

Adams, B., 2007, McDonald's Strange Menu Around the World, Trifter,  http://www.economywatch.com/finance/financial-management.html  last accessed on July 13, 2009

Filbeck, G., Krueger, T., Preece, D., 2007, CFO Magazine's "Working Capital Survey": Do Selected Firms Work for Shareholders? Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 46

Nizamuddin, A.M., 2007, Multinational Corporations and Economic Development: The Lessons of Singapore, International Social Science Review, Vol. 82

Schindehutte, M., Morris, M.H., Kocak, A., 2008, Understanding market-Driving Behavior: The Role of Entrepreneurship, Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 46

Had the organization employed the techniques of activity-based costing, they would have realized the need to change their approach and had started manufacturing small size and fuel efficient engines, as most of the customers were requiring these items. "If Ford [...] had used activity-based costing, they would have realized early on the utter futility of their competitive blitzes of the past few years, which offered new-car buyers spectacular discounts and hefty rewards" (Drucker, 2003).

Unlike absorption costing, marginal costing uses the traditional division into direct, indirect, fixed and variable costs. The accounting method sees that the final marginal cost of a product will be calculated by summing up the direct costs of labor, the direct costs of materials, the direct expenses and the variable overheads (Brown). The applications of marginal costing revealed that Ford was able to support a price advantage relative to General Motors and Chrysler due to its…

References

Bernstein, L.A., Wild, J.J., 1999, Analysis of Financial Statements, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Publishers, ISBN 0070945047

Berry, a., 1999, Financial Accounting: An Introduction, 2nd Edition, Cengage Learning EMEA, ISBN 186152479X

Brown, G., Introduction to Costs Accounting: Methods and Techniques,  http://www.globusz.com/ebooks/Costinglastaccessed  on March 9, 2009

Drucker, P.F., 2003, Peter Drucker on the Profession of Management, Harvard Business Press, ISBN 1591393221

Financial & Management Accounting

Selling price of the AOK Play

Contribution per unit = Selling price per unit -- variable cost per unit

total variable cost (= total cost -- total fixed costs) / sales

(3,600,000 -- 2,100,000) / 80,000

(1,500,000 / 80,000)

Selling price = $50 per unit

Fixed cost per unit

Fixed cost per unit = total fixed costs / sales

= 2,100,000 / 80,000

= $26.25per unit

Total cost per unit

Total cost = total variable cost + total fixed costs

= 18.75 x 80,000 + 2,100,000

= 1,500,000 + 2,100,000

= 3,600,000

Cost per unit = total cost / sales

= 3,600,000 / 80,000

= $45per unit

Contribution margin

Contribution margin per unit = total contribution / sales

= 2,500,000 / 80,000

= $31.25per unit

Question 2

Expected Profits and Breakeven

Preliminary Projections

Breakeven = total fixed costs / contribution per unit

= 2,100,000 /

=…

Financial Officer

For most parts of history, government financial executives have been taken as scorekeepers, and made responsible for collecting, processing and reporting the financial information that used by elected officials and senior managers who use them in making their decisions. The question is whether their role has now changed with the present importance of information technology. (From Scorekeeper to Business Partner: The Evolving ole of Government Financial Executives)

Now there is increasing evidence of the importance that information technology is getting in public administration and this is resulting in more and more insistence from the public that government financial executives have a greater say in all decision making activities of the government. The finance executives are now the individuals to lead the charge for getting an entrepreneurial type of government and have it judged based on its performance. For most of the finance executives now, the changes are leading…

REFERENCES

Allison, Gregory. S. "Making the most of the New Blue Book" Retrieved from  http://www.gfoa.org/services/gfr/archives/2005/04  / Accessed 26 August, 2005

Ehrenhalt, Alan. (January, 2002) "The Problem with promises" Governing Magazine.

Retrieved from  http://www.governing.com/archive/2002/jan/assess.txt 

Accessed 26 August, 2005

The ratios that derive from the financial accounting statements are used frequently in finance to determine the health of a company (Russo, n.d). hen a lender wants to know what interest rate to charge a borrower, it looks at the liquidity and solvency ratios of the company to determine the likelihood of default, and assigns the interest rate based on that analysis. This is just another example of how the information that accountants compile and audit is used in financial management.

The same can be said for the investments side of finance. For example, when one wants to invest in a company, or in derivatives relating to that company, accounting information is critical. Usually this is financial accounting information, but if managerial accounting data can be found then that is also sometimes used. Formulas such as Black-Scholes are used to value derivate holdings of companies for the production of financial…

Works Cited:

Russo, S. (no date). The importance of financial information. Valencia College. Retrieved February 5, 2013 from  http://faculty.valenciacollege.edu/srusso/ch18bus.htm 

Simpson, S. (2011). The difference between finance and economics. Investopedia. Retrieved February 5, 2013 from  http://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/11/difference-between-finance-and-economics.asp#axzz2K45yGnjc

Financial Environment

A non-for-profit entity has a financial structure based on assets and liabilities solely. Such an entity does not have equity. The main source of financing for a non-profit entity is donations. A non-profit entity is, other than a few fixed assets, a flow-through entity. This means that donations come into the organization, and are then rendered out in the form of services. There is a high emphasis on expenses. Most charities will have some current assets, but usually these are things likely to be converted to cash. Otherwise, the assets tend to be equipment or buildings, likely depreciable. The balance sheet is known as the statement of financial position, outlining the assets and liabilities. These are not necessarily balanced, which is why the term balance sheet is not used (Foley, 2015). Spending in a non-profit is almost entirely discretionary in nature, technically, though there may be ongoing programs.…

References

CharityWatch.org (2015). Overhead ratios are essential for informed giving. CharityWatch.org. Retrieved April 13, 2015 from  https://www.charitywatch.org/charitywatch-articles/overhead-ratios-are-essential-for-informed-giving/133 

Foley, E. (2015). Reporting and operations. Non-Profit Accounting Basics. Retrieved April 13, 2015 from  http://www.nonprofitaccountingbasics.org/reporting-operations/statement-financial-position 

Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. New York Times Magazine. Retrieved April 13, 2015 from  http://www.colorado.edu/studentgroups/libertarians/issues/friedman-soc-resp-business.html

financial management methods, concepts and techniques are explained, their uses are analyzed and explained in detail. This paper also highlights the importance of these methods in the financial management and financial manager's decision making process. The case of Suarez Manufacturing is used to further explain the use of these methods.

Financial management is all about managing the finance of the company by making various investing, financing (debt financing or equity financing) or distributing (Dividend) decisions. The finance managers of a company are constantly involved in making various financial calculations so as to come up to those fundamental financial management decisions. (Correia et al., 2007)

Financing the projects of the company can be done by debt financing, equity financing or a combination of both types of finances. Debt and Equity finance can be obtained in many ways and the valuation of both debt and equity market values of the company can…

References

Chandra, P. (2011). Financial Management. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Correia, C., Flynn, D., Iliana, E. & Wormland, M. (2007). Financial Management. South Africa: Juta and Company Limited

Ehrhardt, M.C. & Brigham, E.F. (2011). Financial Management. Singapore: South Western Cengage Learning

Khan, M.Y., & Jain, P.K. (2007). Financial Management. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.

Financial Analysis of Bestwish Limited

Company Overview

Bestwish Limited produces extensive range of quality products such as gift dressing, greetings cards, and plush merchandise of more than 50,000 stocks. The production of different categories of products involve between 2 and 15 processes. The company produces standardized products and custom designed products ordered from customers on contract basis. However, Bestwish Limited is facing challenges to control the costs because of varying production process, reliance on indirect costs and large number of stock keeping units.

Bestwish Limited has just closed the 2010 fiscal year account and the company is finalizing the 2011 budget. Bestwish intends to analyze the 2010 financial statement to present the accurate picture of the company financial performances.

Objective of this report is to analyze 2010 financial statements to assess the viability of Bestwish Limited.

Task

Attn:

Audit Committee of the Board

Finance Director

Subject: Financial statement Analysis

Date:…

References

Drury, C. (2009). Management Accounting for Business, 4th Edition (Cengage Learning EMEA, ) ISBN 1408017717.

Harris, R. And Sollis, R. (2003).Applied Time Series Modelling and Forecasting (John Wiley and Sons) ISBN 0470844434

Glynn, J. Perrin, J. Murphy, M. And Abraham, A. (2003).Accounting for Managers, 3rd Edition.(Thomson Learning) ISBN 186152904X

The Times 100, (2012). Financial statements and reporting A Cadbury Schweppes case study. The Times 100 Business Case Studies.

Financial esource Management

eaching a financial decision regarding heath care services

All forms of industries deemed financial management as expressive in origin till the 1960's. Its basic and sole role was to ensure financing for completing the business's operatives and functions. The department for business planning or marketing would project a net total for meeting the services and meeting daily demands; managers would calculate the assets required to complete a given project needed, equipment's, supplies and building. Financial management is a field which focuses on business securities as well as the markets in which they are in key demand. Also, more emphasis is made on how businesses can tap new markets and unlock their hidden potential. As a result, financial management books were pretty explanatory and predictable in origin during those times. (Sandrick, 2008).

These days, financial management plays a pivotal role in day-to-day operations of a business. The responsibility…

References

Allen, S., and M. Bombardieri. 2008. "A Healthcare System Badly Out of Balance." The Boston Globe, November 16.

Glaeser, E.L. 2004. "The Governance of Not-for-Profit Organizations." The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law 6 (3).

Halvorson, G.C. 2005. "Healthcare Tipping Points." Healthcare Financial Management (March): 74 -- 80.

Helvin, L.K. 2008. "Caring for the Uninsured: Are Not-for-Profit Hospitals Doing Their Share?" Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics (summer): 421 -- 70.

Financial Derivatives

This study emphasized the importance roles of financial derivatives, which has been known for the last decade and its effects on the Global financial crisis. It further analyzes the impact of financial derivatives and how it can be controlled to prevent corporations from incurring a lot of risks. It also explains the existence of financial derivatives since 1970, to the recent Global Financial Crisis which occurred in the 2006.

Risk is a feature associated with all productivity. As a result, financial markets adjust themselves to the fluctuation of exchange and interest rates. Hedging risk, these corporations highlight the importance of risk management tools known as Derivatives. Derivatives are defined as financial tools providing investors with effective solutions when avoiding risk caused from market volatility (Dodd, 2006). Financial derivatives are considered to be an effective risk management tool associated with Financial Engineering creating solutions to financial problems (Marks, 2010).…

Works Cited

Angel, James, and Douglas McCabe. "The Business Ethics Of Short Selling And Naked

Short Selling." Journal Of Business Ethics 85.(2009): 239-249. Business

Source Elite. Web. 1 Apr. 2012.

Barth, Mary E., and Wayne R. Landsman. "How Did Financial Reporting Contribute To

Financial Accounting

The question is missing a clause. "…is more conducive to ethical behavior" than what? The word "more" invites comparison but there is nothing to compare the current environment to. Well, the current environment is not much different than any past environment. The regulatory environment does not dictate ethics, as ethics exist distinct from laws. Ethical behavior rests on how society itself defines ethics, and is only loosely related to the regulatory environment. So while there is definitely a tighter regulatory environment at least with the introduction of Sarbanes-Oxley and the PCAOB, these laws do not dictate ethics, just behavior (Lennox & Pittman, 2010). Indeed, an increasingly complex regulatory environment only serves to complicate the issue of individual ethics, and creates confusion among business practitioners between legal/illegal and right/wrong, the two operating entirely different conceptual spheres (Jennings, 2004).

The "business" environment is quite vague -- there are many facets…

References

Erickson, J. (2011). Overlitigating corporate fraud: An empirical examination. Iowa Law Review. Vol 97 (2011) 49-100.

Gerety, M. & Lehn, K. (1997). The causes and consequences of accounting fraud. Managerial and Decision Economics. Vol. 18 (7-8) 587-599.

Jennings, M. (2004). The disconnect between and among legal ethics, business ethics, law and virtue: Learning not to make ethics so complex. St. Thomas Law Journal. Vol 1 (2) 995-1040.

Lennox, C. & Pittman, J. (2010). Big five audits and accounting fraud. Contemporary Accounting Research. Vol. 27 (1) 209-247.

Financial Analysis of Lehman rother

Lehman rothers

The history has been full of financial collapses and financial scandals and one of the biggest financial collapses that a company has ever seen was that of Lehman brother. The collapse of a firm as huge as Lehman rother and a firm which has such great experience of over a hundred years lead the world into a shock. It created doubts in the minds of people regarding the condition of other financial institutions. The history of Lehman rother is rich which is further discussed.

The history of Lehman rother dates back to 1844, when a boy named Henry who was a 23-year-old son of a cattle merchant who immigrated to the United States from Germany and he settled in Alabama State of the United States where he opened dry goods store. In 1847, when Henry Lehman's elder brother arrived to Alabama, the firm…

Bibliography

1. Bebchuk, L.A., Cohen, A., & Spamann, H. (2010). The Wages of Failure: Executive Compensation at Bear Stearns and Lehman 2000-2008. Yale Journal on Regulation,27(2), 257+.

2. Blake, D. (2000). Financial Market Analysis. New York: Wiley. Cetorelli, N., Mandel, B.H., & Mollineaux, L. (2012). The Evolution of Banks and Financial Intermediation: Framing the Analysis. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Economic Policy Review, 1+.

3. Dwyer, G.P., & Tkac, P. (2009). The Financial Crisis of 2008 in Fixed Income Markets.Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Working Paper Series, 2009(20), 1+.

4. Fitzpatrick, T.J., & Thomson, J.B. (2011). How Well Does Bankruptcy Work When Large Financial Firms Fail? Some Lessons from Lehman Brothers. Economic Commentary (Cleveland), (2011-23), 1+.

Financial Analysis

Threats and vulnerability: A case study of Shoe Carnival, Inc.

Shoe carnival overview

Shoe Carnival Inc. is a publicly traded company that offers a range of footwear products for all categories of customers, men, women, children and sportswear. It also offers casual wear products and other assorted products such as handbags. Its headquarters are situated in Evansville, Indiana and it runs over 300 stores across several states mostly concentrated in South, Midwest, and Southeastern states of the U.S. David ussell, who had sold shoes for over 20 years in the traditional way, founded Shoe Carnival after feeling convicted that that was what he wanted to do. In the year 1978, and with is personal savings and some capital from his in-laws, he opened his first store that he called "Shoe Biz." His main idea was to create a shoe store made shoe-shopping fun. The major difference with ussell's…

References

Funding Universe (2012) Company Histories and Profiles: Shoe Carnival Inc. Retrieved from http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Shoe-Carnival-Inc.-company-History.html

Laboureconomic's weblog (2012) The Effects of Fon Competition: U.S. Firms. Posted May 4, 2011, retrieved from  http://laboureconomics.wordpress.com/2011/05/04/the-effect-of-foreign-competition-us-firms/ 

Lowth, G., Prowle, M., Zhang, M. (2010) The Impact of Economic Recession on Business Strategy Planning in UK. Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. Vol.6, Issue 9.

Shoe Carnival (2012) Shoe Carnival 2011 Annual Report. February 2012. Retrieved from  http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CGQQFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fphx.corporate-ir.net%2FExternal.File%3Fitem%3DUGFyZW50SUQ9OTM1OTR8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM%3D%26t%3D1&ei=6E7LT5zEBc7SsgbC0vGaBw&usg=AFQjCNHQ73w5pPAXL97G7uC-A3yGWjEKKQ&sig2=LmOSYlJO7izfAl1ssOpxDQ

Financial Ratios

There are a number of financial ratios that will be valuable to a small business person. A small business is often concerned with cash flow, so ratios that are the most concern fall into three categories -- liquidity, profitability and efficiency. Liquidity ratios measure the ability of the company to meet its upcoming financial obligations. These ratios are important for ensuring that there is enough cash on hand to pay the bills. The profitability ratios are important because the business will be more successful if it is able to manage its margins. Efficiency ratios are concerned with how fast items like inventory or accounts receivable are turned over. These ratios are a direct reflection of the company's working capital, and improvements in these ratios improve the working capital flow.

These ratios are going to be slightly different from those that a large corporation values. The large corporation actually…

Financial Feasibility

Bull Run, Virginia

Pleasant Valley Estates is envisioned as an upwardly mobile community - located in Bull Run, Virginia - and targeted toward the young, single professional and young families.

Cash Flow Statement Overview

The cash flow statement constitutes a financial document, which details the exchange of cash between a business and the outside world while strategically demonstrating the in and outbound logistics. Flow is traditionally categorized as:

flow "in" from Operations - the cash the entity or company makes by selling goods and services, flow "in" from Financing - the cash the entity or company raises by selling stocks and bonds, and flow "out" to Investing - the cash the company spends toward investing in future growth

Each of these flows can move bi-directionally. Investors generally like to see that the company covers its spending with cash from operations rather than resort to financing. The cash flow…

Jordan, B. "Homeownership Alliance." Banc One Investments Advisor.

Freddie Mac Reports Strong Multifamily Lending Volume: New Product Lines Boost Production and Position Freddie Mac as Industry Leader." Freddie Mac News and Information Report. Nov. 2000.

Financial Resources Performance

The Managing Director,

King Edwards Electronics,

Manchester, U.K.

INTERNAL REPORT. FIXING RISK, UNCERTAINTY AND CASH FLOW DISCREPANCIES

Dear Sir,

In making investment decisions we are dealing with; and actually shaping; the firm's future, but the future is not certain and investment decisions, whether personal or corporate, are invariably undertaken with imperfect knowledge about the future. The future may turn out to be better or worse than expected. For the corporate firm, the objective of an investment decision is to allocate resources only to those projects which will preferably increase, or at least maintain, the firm's value and the wealth of its shareholders. Clearly it would not make good financial sense to invest in projects which would reduce corporate value (Ang, 2002).

The problem for managers is that at the outset it is often difficult to determine which of the firm's potential investment projects will enhance corporate value…

Bibliography

Ang, J.S. (1991). Small business uniqueness and the theory of financial management. The Journal of Small Business Finance, 1(1), 1-13.

Ang, J.S. (2002). On the theory of finance for privately held firms. The Journal of Small Business Finance, 1(3), 185-203.

Bolton, J.E. (2007). Report of the committee of inquiry on small firms. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.

Boyer, P., & Roth, H. (1978). The cost of equity capital for small business. American Journal of Small Business, 2(1), 1-11.

The applicability of Activity-Based Costing for decision making is directly linked to the influences that ABC has over process control. In this order of ideas, by better identifying the incurred costs or the overhead, managers can better monitor and control the evolution of products, prices, costs and consequently, profits. ABC identifies the costs incurred by each item in terms of resources consumed. Therefore, with the aid of ABC, organizational managements have the ability to control resource allocation.

Activity-Based Costing reveals yet another significant feature: it has the ability to evaluate the costs of not producing an item. This basically means that with the aid of the ABC, managers are able to know how much they have lost due to machine malfunctioning, product damaging, increased inventory costs or time spent waiting for a machine component to be replaced. "Activity-Based Costing therefore gives not only much better cost control, but increasingly, it…

Works Cited

Barnat, R., 2005, Strategic Control: A New Perspective, Strategic Control,  http://www.strategic-control.24xls.com/en139last  accessed on October 21, 2008

Chellasamy, P., Ligy, V.K., 2008, Activity-Based Costing - a Tool for Decision Making, Fibre 2 Fashion,  http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/7/670/activity-based-costing-a-tool-for-decision-making1.asplast  accessed on October 21, 2008

Cooper, R., Kaplan, R.S., 1998, Design of Cost Management Systems, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall

Drucker, P.F., 2006, Classic Drucker, Harvard Business School Press

III. RECOMMENDATION

The financial statements of IVK should be closely examined to determine how to increase revenues while decreasing expenses. Concerning the IT Department, the new manager needs to hire a good mix of people with various skills. There will, of course need to be staff members with exceptional technical skills that can develop new technologies to keep the firm growing at the steady rate that it did a few years ago. However, the department should not be saturated with technical staff. The new manager will need to hire individuals who have a strong business sense and are experienced in the fields of accounting, finance as well as other business areas. This is necessary because the technical staff person may favor a technology that seems to be best for the company because of its capabilities, but the person with a good sense of business can evaluate the technology to determine…

Financial Management

Content Find articles address financial reporting practices ethics standards health care finance, including * generally accepted accounting principles * corporate compliance, ethics, and fraud abuse

Financial management: Literature review

Healthcare institutions, like all organizations, are continually confronted with the four basic elements of financial management: deciding what to invest in or produce; how to finance those investments or products; how to manage assets, and how to report those assets in a manner that is useful and also complies with all necessary regulations. This paper will provide an overview of two recent articles, one on the necessity of uniform accounting procedures to ensure ethical and legal compliance amongst healthcare institutions and the other on the financial consequences of failing to do so for the institution itself.

Article 1: Maintaining the strength of your convictions

According to Larry Tyler's 2004 article "Maintaining the strength of your convictions" "Most financial executives…

References

Adam. (2007). Dot. Boston. Retrieved August 12, 2011 at  http://adamp.com/college/us-gaap-vs.-international-gaap-vs.-unified-gaap/ 

Fong, Gary R., Randy Wiitala & Frederick Stodolak. (2011). Uncovering pharmacy department risks and opportunities. Healthcare Financial Management Association Journal. Retrieved August 12, 2011 at  http://www.hfma.org/Publications/hfm-Magazine/Archives/2011/May/Uncovering-Pharmacy-Department-Risks-and-Opportunities/ 

Rode, Dan. (1990). Uniform accounting standards enable accurate comparisons.

Healthcare Financial Management. Retrieved August 12, 2011 at  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3257/is_n7_v44/ai_9174983/

Financial Management: atios, isk and Diversification

Financial atios elevant to Small Businesses and Large Corporations

In an attempt to determine the performance of his or her business, a small business owner can utilize ratios such as the current ratio and the profit margin ratio. The profit margin in the words of Needles and Powers (2010) "shows the percentage of each sales dollar that results in net income." For a small business owner, this ratio would be an appropriate measure of the profitability of his or her business. The current ratio as Stickney et al. (2009) point out helps in the measurement of a firm's ability to settle its short-term debts/obligations. A small business owner interested in determining the ability of the business to settle its everyday bills and other obligations would find this ratio useful. On the other hand, a manager of a large corporation would be interested in ratios…

References

Graham, J. & Smart, S.B. (2011). Introduction to Corporate Finance (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Needles, B.E. & Powers, M. (2010). Financial Accounting (11th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Stickney, C.P., Weil, R.L., Schipper, K. & Francis, J. (2009). Financial Accounting: An Introduction to Concepts, Methods, and Uses (13th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Shim, J.K. & Siegel, J.G. (2008). Financial Management (3rd ed.). Hauppauge, New York: Barron's Educational Series.

Financial Proposal: Dorchester, Ltd.

As discussed in earlier papers, for Dorchester, the final decision as to which particular nation to invest in is dependent on a range of distinct scenarios; these factors naturally impact the selected acquisition target. Before the acquisition target is selected, the nation which houses the potential acquisition target needs to be scrutinized closely. For instance, the trade environment of the nation where the prospective acquisition is located needs to be assessed, since this factor will impact the cost and ability to engage in trade. The political environment of the nation where the prospective target resides is also a crucial factor that needs to be examined closely. No potential targets exist in peaceful vacuums; rather all the prospective nations looked at during this course have some element of political risk attached to them. Furthermore, as discussed during earlier assignments, it's been found that political stability of a…

References

Brown, C. (2011, January 20). How to Finance an Acquisition. Retrieved from Inc.com:

 http://www.inc.com/guides/201101/business-acquisition-financing.html 

Ford, P. (2010, August 17). China's economic status is good news for the country ...

right? Retrieved from Csmonitor.com: China's economic status is good news for the country ... right?

Overall, at&T is the more profitable of the two companies. That Verizon has the stronger gross margins and at&T the stronger net margins indicates that at&T does a better job of controlling its cost structure than does Verizon.

The Industry

The telecommunications industry is highly competitive in both the landline and wireless segments. By 2006, wireless spending had match wireline spending. hile this presents significant opportunities for telecommunications, much of that spending comes in the form of cannibalizing, as wireline revenues have been decreasing steady over the past decade, matching the steady increases in wireless spending.

There are four major wireless operators in the U.S. And over 170 regional players (Megna, 2009). Competition is based on coverage area (capital investment), price and customer service. Both firms can be considered industry leaders. As of 2007, at&T had a subscriber base of 65.7 million and wireless revenues of $10.9 billion. Verizon had…

Works Cited:

MSN Moneycentral Verizon. Retrieved October 24, 2009 from  http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?Symbol=VZ&lstStatement=Balance&stmtView=Ann 

MSN Moneycentral at&T. Retrieved October 24, 2009 from  http://moneycentral.msn.com/investor/invsub/results/statemnt.aspx?Symbol=T&lstStatement=Balance&stmtView=Ann 

Loth, R. (2009). Financial Ratios Tutorial. Investopedia. Retrieved October 24, 2009 from  http://www.investopedia.com/university/ratios/ 

Chen, B. (2009). Verizon iPhone? Don't hold your breath. Wired. Retrieved October 24, 2009 from  http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/10/verizon-iPhone/

Once the written request is received, we will pay within 30 days (PCC.com, no date). If you paid by credit card, we will issue the refund to your card directly. If you paid cash, we will issue you a check.

Part B:

This policy is ideal for a small generalist office.

The policy should outline the Medical Associates position clearly, so that the patient has an understanding of how billing and collections work from our end. This is important because of medical offices are somewhat unique in this regard compared to other businesses. The multiple means of payment, often for a single bill, necessitate this written explanation for the patient.

The main objective of the financial policy is to effectively communicate the means and methods of payment to the patients. Not only should it clarify the role of the office, but it should also clarify for the patient their role…

Works Cited

Valerius, Bayes, Newby & Seggern. (2008) Medical Insurance: An Integrated Claims Process Approach. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2008.

Website: MedicalCodingandBilling.com. Various pages. Retrieved February 20, 2009 at  http://www.medicalcodingandbilling.com/pract_management.htm 

No author. (no date). Writing a Financial Policy. Physician's Computer Company. Retrieved February 20, 2009 at http://www.pcc.com/practmgmt/business/finpol.php

No author. (no date). Financial Policy. Napa Valley Orthopaedic. Retrieved February 20, 2009 at  http://napavalleyortho.com/financial_policy.html

7. Overall Performance

Lufthansa is one of the strongest corporations of the globe and a major player on the European airline market. Its success is obvious in the satisfaction of their customers or the fact that their employees love working for the company, and it often materializes in opportunities for growth and development. Throughout the past recent years, the German airline organization has managed to increase its customer base, its fleet as well as its product offering. But these are not the sole indicators of prosperity. The financial analysis of Lufthansa revealed a strong economic agent. Despite the existence of some few issues which…

References

April 3, 2007, World Airlines, Flight International

2009, Investopedia, http://www.investopedia.comlast accessed on February 11, 2009

2009, Deutsche Lufthansa AG, Reuters,  http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/ratios?symbol=LHAG.DElast  accessed on February 11, 2009

2009, Website of the Lufthansa Group, last accessed on February 11, 2009

By adding up the two figures one obtains the company's total net worth. The basic rule of a balance sheet is that the assets on one side have to add up to the same amount as the liabilities and the owners' equity combined, on the other side.

Investors need to know the contents of a balance sheet because important financial ratios may be calculated with the data therein. These ratios help at building a picture about the state of liquidity and growth potential of the company in question.

Another example of financial statement is the cash-flow statement, which reveals all sources and uses of a company's money during a specified period. The sources of cash include revenues, long-term financing, sales of non-current assets, increases in current liability accounts or decreases in current asset accounts. The uses included operating losses, debt repayment, equipment purchases and increases in current asset accounts.

The…

Reference:

1. Information on Financial Statements and Audit www.investopedia.com www.allbusiness.com/articles/content/17951.asp www.anderson.ucla.edu/course/2004-2005/fa12301/download/Intro_to_audit.pdf

2. Yahoo!'s financial statements www.morningstar.com

If on the other hand, the individual asks his friend to return the money, he can place it in an investment with a 15% interest rate and, by the end of the year, the $10 will be worth $11.5. In this order of ideas, we come to the realization that having money now is more valuable than having it in the future as, through time, money has the ability to multiply, if wisely invested.

Q11 -- Cash Budgeting

Cash budgeting is a complex process, with a simple definition however. It sees that organizational managers conduct an analysis and estimation of the cash which is expected to enter and leave the organization. The process refers to "an estimation of the cash inflows and outflows for a business or individual for a specific period of time. Cash budgets are often used to assess whether the entity has sufficient cash to fulfill regular…

References:

Moffatt, M., 2009, Recession? Depression? What is the Difference? About,  http://economics.about.com/cs/businesscycles/a/depressions.htm  last accessed on August 27, 2009

2009, Cash Budget, Investopedia,  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashbudget.asp  last accessed on August 27, 2009

eport: 2

The developments of credit derivatives began in 1980s as a new financial innovation after the swap market started. Swap market provided derivative organizations with profit due to their intermediary position while the credit margins for borrowers were reduced. As the swap market developed there was the development of new interest derivatives so that there were additions to the list of products. Credit derivatives are relatively recent introductions and these are mechanisms for the credit institutions to separate the credit risk from their loans and treat market risk as a separate category so that their pricing efficiency could be more competitive and the concerned organizations could be more competitive in the market. (Credit Derivatives Move Beyond Plain Vanilla)

Thus one can say that credit derivatives are a recent form that can be used by bankers to reduce risk, or increase risks and thus meet their corporate objectives. The general…

References

Aggrawal, Sunil K. Credit Derivatives Move Beyond Plain Vanilla. Retrieved at http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~sjournal/articles_00/credit_derivatives.htm. accessed 27 July, 2005

Black Scholes Model. Retrieved at  http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~mverma/blackscholes.htm . accessed 27 July, 2005

Cox, Daniel. FAS 123(R): Lattice vs. Black-Scholes. Retrieved at  http://www.fmnonline.com/publishing/article.cfm?article_id=836accessed  27 July, 2005

Credit Derivatives. Retrieved at  http://www.finpipe.com/crederiv.htm . accessed 27 July, 2005

3.2: Data Used: The data used in this study effot includes pimay and seconday data. Along with infomation etieved fom the liteatue eview, this eseache also pesonally compiled fom... (Consideations fo this section: What spatial and tempoal chaacteistics do data include? Do any known o anticipated souces of eo exist in the data?

3.2.1: Spatial and tempoal chaacteistics: Specific data chaacteistics within a sub-section

3.3: Methods and techniques: Two specific types of methods and techniques ae elated in this section

3.3.1: Method fo Specific Field wok: Subsections discuss specific technique.

CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS

4.1: Intoduction: Hee, this eseache discusses the contents of the sections included/following in this chapte. A numbe of coss-efeences fom the methods chapte ae also included. This analysis chapte does not sum up the findings etieved fom the liteatue eview and this eseache's study "in one wod," albeit, it does pesent a synopsis of elevant findings etieved…

references from the methods chapter are also included. This analysis chapter does not sum up the findings retrieved from the literature review and this researcher's study "in one word," albeit, it does present a synopsis of relevant findings retrieved from this study's efforts.

4.2: Results for two rumours explored during this study are presented in this section. Data is synthesised and presented in numerous figures.

4.3: Discussion of results: This last section of this analysis chapter synthesizes results from the study, with key results highlighted and their importance emphasised in relation to this dissertation's overall aim.

CHAPTER IV: DISCUSSION; CONCLUSIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1: Introduction: Here in this final chapter's introduction, this researcher reminds the reader of this study's original study aim and objectives relating to financial rumours and their affect on stock prices. The point that research questions have been answered is presented. The determination of this study's hypothesis is revealed.

...I need(ed) a lot of reassurance. Had I gone to a unit where they put me with a preceptor who really didn't care about educating...I think I would have struggled big time....[but] they never treated me like I was stupid," are common responses of new nurses in mentoring programs (Hodges 2008, p.83). Mentors provided advice on psychologically coping with the emotional demands of nursing, time management, accuracy, and striking a balance between work and professional life.

Mentoring programs are especially important for nurses given that "developing an ability to thrive in unpredictable health care environments is crucial to all nurses, but particularly to practice in acute care settings" (Hodges 2008, p.80). All healthcare settings draw upon a nurses' ability "to recover quickly or adjust to adversity is commonly known as resilience. The capacity for resilience allows one to reframe, adapt, balance, persist, and grow in the face of adversity and…

Works Cited

Harder, Danielle. (2009, January). Hospital finds cure for retention: Time off. Canadian HR

Reporter, 22(1), 12. Retrieved March 14, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1636590351).

Hodges, Helen F., & Ann C. Keeley, Patricia J. Troyan. (2008). Professional resilience in baccalaureate-prepared acute care nurses: FIRST STEPS. Nursing Education

Perspectives, 29(2), 80-9. Retrieved March 14, 2009, from ProQuest Medical

Others also rely on the company as well -- suppliers, partners and customers in particular. All of these stakeholders have a stake in the outcomes of the company, so therefore management should take their needs into account when making decisions.

Stakeholder theory has also been extended to more tangential stakeholders, such as local governments, local populations and the environment. Critical to this thinking is that any person, body or even locality that is affected by the actions of the firm should be given due thought when the company is making decisions. The environment is a good example of this, because the company operates in a given community and destroying the environment of that community does affect the company as well. The outcome of the extended stakeholder approach is that managers need to take a wider variety of concerns and outcomes into consideration in their decision-making processes.

It has also been…

Works Cited:

Freeman, R., Wicks, a. & Parmar, B. (2004). Stakeholder theory and the corporate objective revealed. Organization Science. Vol. 15 (3) 364-69.

Secondly, performance-related pay increases prevents inflationary tendencies since such increases are the outcomes of increased productivity. Managers and employees are benefited by performance-related pay increases in the following way: when profit or performance goes up higher earnings go to the employees. However, when the profits come down, the lowering of performance-related pay can protect employees from job losses. Moreover, there is enhanced motivation as employee can identify with the success of the business. Depending on the information-sharing habits of the management, pay variations may result in employees knowing more about fortunes and misfortunes that a business goes through. (de Silva, 1998)

Other advantages of performance-related pay include the following: it is an effective method of coping with poor performance; introducing such a reward system can help to develop a performance culture within the company; it can work as a direct incentive for employees to help reach defined job targets; an…

References

Armstrong, Michael. 2002. Employee reward. CIPD Publishing.

Armstrong, Michael; Murlis, Helen. 2007. Reward Management: A Handbook of Remuneration Strategy and Practice. Kogan Page.

Bee, Roland; Bee, Frances. 1997. Project management: the people challenge. McGraw-Hill Education.

Bucknall, Hugh; Wei, Zheng. 2005. Magic numbers for human resource management: basic measures to achieve-. Wiley Publications.

Question

Diversification is a technique that reduces risks in an investment portfolio. By spreading out the types of investments in your portfolio, you protect yourself from the losses incurred by any one investment suddenly tanking. Diversification can be done in a several different ways. One common way is to vary investment vehicles; stocks, bonds, and cash. Another way is to take on stocks of different risk levels. You might hold a mix of large cap, small cap, and growth fund investments. Again, a crash in one area will be offset by stability or even gains in another. Another diversification strategy is holding companies of different industries or geographies. You might hold companies from steel, agribusiness or toys. You alternatively might hold companies from, China, India, and Canada. This is why diversification is called "a free lunch"; you are always protected from loss without automatically reducing returns on your investments.

Question…

(God and Money)

The spiritual and materialistic facets of Church life are not only linked but in reality are fully united. All the conferences like All American Council, diocesan workshops, church publications, and guidance in our parishes makes us aware that we are required to share God's gift of time, talent and material resources. All the facets of life initiate to belong to God and we have the liability of utilizing them as judiciously as possible. Good stewardship is essential to fulfill the objective of Church that flows from all the facets of Church. It is required to understand the casual temptations in dealing with parish financial matters and handling the funds and records of the Church. Irrespective of the fact that proper records are kept, often it leads to confusion due to lack of improper and incomplete routine book keeping. (Parish Finances)

In order to maintain the financial propriety…

References

Financial Generosity. Retrieved at  http://jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/11529.htm . Accessed on 18 May, 2005

God and Money. Retrieved at  http://www.fbclubbock.com/templates/cusfbclubbock/details.asp?id=26890&PID=172078&mast=Accessed  on 18 May, 2005

Money Matters. March 11, 2001. Retrieved at http://sermons.redlandbaptist.org/ser_010311.php. Accessed on 18 May, 2005

52. Satan Uses Money. The School of Kingdom Economics. Retrieved at http://www.worldchristians.org/ske/ske-52.htm. Accessed on 18 May, 2005

Financial Analysis

Compilation Report

I (We) have compiled an accompanying Statement of Financial Performance and Statement of Financial Position as of (at) June 30, XXXX, in accordance with the Statements of Standards (Putra, 2012) and Review Services issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. A compilation is limited to presenting in the form of financial statement information that is the representation of management (owners). I (We) have not audited or reviewed the accompanying financial statements and, accordingly, do not express an opinion or other form of assurance on them (Putra, 2009).

The sale of the appliance is recorded by transaction date in the general ledger, cash receipts journal, sales journal, and have a dated cash register receipt and sales receipt. The general ledger has a debit of cash for $800 and a credit to sales for $800. Transactions are recorded by the Accounts Receivable Clerk and verified and…

Bibliography

Codija, M., n.d. Effectiveness of Internal Control over Cash. [Online]

Available at:  http://ehow.com/facts_6822858_effectiveness-internal-control-over-cash.html 

[Accessed 29 May 2012].

Penner, S.J., 2004. Controlling budget variances: administrators should identify the budget items they can control vs. those they can't, and have the wisdom to know the difference. [Online]

"Pension reform in several emerging market countries has been associated with rapid growth in assets under management and a positive impact on the development of local securities markets." (Roldos, 2004) Finally, the stability of many international securities, located in Britain, Switzerland, or Germany, to take only a few examples, means that using the diverse potential of international investment opportunities does not necessarily entail a high risk.

However, many international sources of revenue tend to be more unpredictable in their returns. A pension fund's security, especially for an older man or woman with retirement on the horizon must be of primary importance. Secondly, international developments can be difficult to predict in the long-term. And finally, international securities may be less tightly regulated in terms of their ethical scrutiny by the local governments, leading to "price distortions, bubbles," and hence greater investment risks. (Roldos, 2004)

orks Cited

China's Pension Fund to Invest…

Works Cited

China's Pension Fund to Invest Abroad." (10 October 2006) International Business

Times. Retrieved 25 Nov2006 at  http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/20061010/china-039-s-state-pension-fund.htm 

Roldos, Jorge. (Sept 2004). "Pension Reform, Investment Restrictions, and Capital

Markets." IMF Policy Discussion Paper. Retrieved 25 Nov2006 at  http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/pdp/2004/pdp04.pdf

For a corporation, this increased their bottom line results and the total amounts of income they are generating. When this happens, investors are pleased with the direction of the firm and will reward the managers with lucrative pay packages and other benefits. ("omney Forgoes Full Charity," 2012)

The reason why this is important is because corporations' can avoid having to pay the same taxes twice under the progressive system. The way that this occurs is the company can take a write off for operations they have overseas. This is because they can argue that the income was not generated within the United States. When this happens, they will be taxed at a lower rate for any kind of profits from these locations. ("omney Forgoes Full Charity," 2012)

If a firm is generating a certain percentage of their earnings using this strategy, they can reduce their tax liabilities dramatically. This is…

References

Progressive Taxes. (2012). Investopedia. Retrieved from:  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/progressivetax.asp#axzz2K9truLTQ 

Romney Forgoes Full Charity. (2012). Bloomberg. Retrieved from:  http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-09-21/mitt-romney-paid-14-1-federal-tax-rate-in-2011-campaign-says.html

Financial Management

Commercial lenders lend money with the intention of making money in return; they also carry out a kind of business. But when a government sponsored body lends money, then the reasons behind existence are slightly different. Government usually lends money to those businesses which are facing financing issues. Such businesses are often those which are considered by the government officials as potential enough to bring in economic benefits in the area (Bizcoach, 2013).

Calculating the finance requirement is a great challenge for the managers of the organizations. The institutions which are of complex nature face difficulty in calculating the exact finance requirement. An example of such institution would be capital markets which are quite complex. The sum of external financing depends on the operating budget of the business and on the existing capital resources. If a company has a solid operating budget, then it would be easier to…

References

eHow. (2013). How to Calculate External Financing. Taken from: http://www.ehow.com/how_5143268_calculate-external-financing.html

Bizcoach. (2013). External sources of funds. Taken from:  http://www.bizcoach.org/businessplan/externalsources.htm

It can be argued that from a responsibility standpoint, it is only money and can be replaced. Therefore, the risk associated with the actions of the manager do not compare with other professional fields. It would appear that licensure is not necessary, nor is a particular body of knowledge in order to become a successful manager.

Morality and Managers

We have demonstrated that managers do not have to possess a standardized set of minimal knowledge in order to perform their job well. Many examples illustrate successful entrepreneurs that do not have even the minimal knowledge base, yet they are a success by many standards. From the standpoint of the necessity of a minimal knowledge base, it would appear that managers do not qualify as professionals from a sociological perspective. However, the public and the company place an incredible amount of trust in managers to carry out their functions in a…

References

Adams, R., 2005. Innovation management measurement: A  http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/templates/jsp/_synergy.2/images/free.gif 

International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 21-47.

All Star Directories, Inc. 2008, AACSB Accredited. [Online] Available at  http://www.allbusinessschools.com/featured/aacsb/ 

Boxall, P. & Gilbert, J., 2007, the management of managers: A review and conceptual framework. International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp. 95-115.

It is hoped that the value added by the UDA system will help to incease sales of the coe poduct. The division manage of Gadgets has a valid point in egads to the oveall impact on the Division's pofits. He had a valid eason fo equesting this exception to the ules. It may at fist appea that the Gadget Division manage is acting out of self-inteest and potectionism. Howeve, it may be that he tuly does have the best inteests of the entie oganization in mind.

If Gadgets fails to poduce a poduct that will incease sales of the coe poduct then the entie oganization may be in jeopady. If the exclusion is allowed, then the Gadget Division would have moe money at thei disposal fo bette eseach and development. The Gadget Division has to get it ight the fist time. Theefoe it seems easonable to allow the Gadget Division…

references. One must remember that there are already substitute projects available on the market. However, GMC has established brand equity and this will help to boost sales, even though a similar product is already on the market. Let us assume that the price of the UDA falls to $600 instead of $500.

Best Case Scenario

Years

Income Statement

Net sales

03

0.0375

0.045

0.0525

0.06

Total

109180

113950

120310

128260

137800

estside

106,000

109,445

114,480

121,105

129,320

Rate

0.0325

0.04

0.0475

0.055

0.0625

Total

109445

114480

121105

129320

139125

estside Savings is superior in all instances, because the CD it offers is a quarter point ahead of Metro's in all instances. But these calculations are important for understanding the risks associated with early withdrawal when the rates are competitive among the two firms.

3. Risk contracting is undertaken when the hospital contracts out some of the risk it faces with respect to Medicare payments. The HMO faces risk associated with the payment rates for specific services, and the risk that Medicare recipients will congregate in those areas with higher payouts. This risk has fluctuated since its inception, with the need to contract that risk fluctuating alongside it (Hurley, Grossman & Strunk, 2003). Any risk contract is going to create financial…

Works Cited:

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2011). Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-2011: Financial managers. BLS. Retrieved March 13, 2011 from  http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos010.htm 

Hurley, R.; Grossman, J. & Strunk, B. (2003). Medicare contracting risk/medicare risk contracting: A life-cycle view from twelve markets. Health Services Research. Retrieved March 13, 2011 from  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4149/is_1_38/ai_99290677/

Failure-to-Disclose

Disclosure & Financial Accounting

Environmental and Financial Factors in the Petroleum Industry

The petroleum industry has a unique responsibility in the initiative to practice environmental safeguarding while producing the petroleum products in such great demand. The financial manager must be decide what weight to apply to costs in terms of new processes and methods that are efficient as well as environmentally friendly and complaint.

Weighing Costs in Failure-to-Disclose

Environmental and Financial Factors in the Petroleum Industry

Environmental Hazards

Profitability Factors

Future Outlook

Findings elated to Cost Factor of Compliance

BP, Conoco, and Phillips

Primary Considerations

Summary & Conclusion

eferences

Weighing Costs in Failure-to-Disclose

Environmental and Financial Factors in the Petroleum Industry

Objective

The objective of this work is the research the Petroleum Fuel industry and to render an accounting of what results from either complying with or non-compliance to environmental regulations as set down by governing and ruling bodies.…

References

Environmental Impact of the Petroleum Industry: Environmental Update #12 (2003) Hazardous Substance Research Centers/South & Southwest Outreach Program online available at:

The Impact of Environmental Compliance Costs on U.S. Refining Probability, 1995-2001 Energy Finance online at:  

Market Prices Are Useful to a Financial Manager

The objective of financial managers are to maximize the value of the firm. This in, other words, is called raising its market value for all stakeholders concerned. It is in this way that financial managers are concerned about the market price of a share of stock (i.e. how much that stock costs in the market). Market price is the measure of the owner's economic well-being. Investors who buy stocks would be willing to pay for the share in the company exactly what they believe it to be today (i.e. future dividends are as calculation of present value). To that end, therefore, financial managers attempt to maximize the present value of the stock Fama, 1976).

Discuss how the Valuation Principle helps a financial manager make decisions.

Financial managers must often make decisions regarding the benefits and costs associated with an investment. That is…

References

Fama, E.F. (1976): Foundations of Finance, Basic Books Inc., New York

Kellison, Stephen G. (1970). The Theory of Interest. NY: Richard D. Irwin

Khan, M.Y. (1993). Theory & Problems in Financial Management. Boston: McGraw Hill Higher Education.

O'Sullivan, A. & Sheffrin, S.M. (2003). Economics: Principles in action. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

The ABC system uses a much lage numbe and vaiety of cost dives than the one o two volume-based cost dives typical fo a taditional cost system. As a esult, the ABC method has inceased accuacy.

In contacts, it is explained that a taditional cost system uses only volume-based cost dives, such as diect labo and machine hous, and ignoes the key ole of suppot activities, such as numbe of setups and design changes, in poducing many moden poducts and sevices. Such volume-based cost dives often lead to one goup of poducts subsidizing anothe goup of poducts. These subsidies often ceate the appeaance that one goup of poducts is highly pofitable, advesely affecting the picing and competitiveness of anothe goup of poducts. In a highly competitive envionment with complex poducts and sevices, accuate cost infomation can be citical to sound planning and decision-making. (Cook, Gove & Cobun, 2000, p. 305)…

references to cash. The daily language of accounting contains expressions such as "liquid capital" or simply "liquidity," terms that simply refer to means of payment that are easily accessible. In practice, "liquid capital" and "liquidity" can have three and only three forms. The ability to pay can be demonstrated by the presence of means of payment in the form of: cash holdings, deposits in bank accounts of various kinds, and prearranged rights to draw on credits of various kinds.

The concept of illiquidity is simply the logical negation of the concept of liquidity. You are illiquid when you cannot pay your debts at a given moment or within a given period. The transition from a state of liquidity to a state of illiquidity that is more than just temporary is stated in the familiar (and for most interested parties unpleasant and fatal) expression "X has suspended payments." (Kirkegaard, 1997, pp. 41-43)

Reference

Bresnahan, K.M. (2000). Investments in Human Capital: A Crisis for Financial Managers. The Public Manager, 29(2), 9.

Cook, T.J., Grove, H.D., & Coburn, S. (2000). ABC Process-Based Capital Budgeting. Journal of Managerial Issues, 12(3), 305.

Healthcare Financial Management

To quote Jonathan Clark at the beginning of his article, "Improving the revenue cycle can be a daunting task due to the scope and complexity of the interdepartmental process." Of the suggestions offered by the authors, which concept(s) give you the greatest insight into creating an improved evenue Cycle process in the organization where you work (or one in which you are familiar)? Be sure to identify which article or author you are referencing.

In his comprehensive advisory article to improve the medical industry's revenue capturing capabilities, entitled Strengthening the evenue Cycle: A 4-Step Method for Optimizing Payment, Jonathan Clark provides a series of sensible solutions to the ongoing dilemma of payment optimization. David Hammer also provides guidance to healthcare finance professional in his article The Next Generation of evenue Cycle Management, by reminding them that the key performance indicators (KPIs) which dictated policy in previous years…

References

Clark, J. (2008). Strengthening the revenue cycle: a 4-step method for optimizing payment. Healthcare Financial Management, 62(10), 44.

Hammer, D.C. (2007). The next generation of revenue cycle management. Healthcare Financial Management, 61(7), 49.

Seddon, J. (2008). Think system. Management Services, 52(2), 10.

Wilson, D.B. et al. (2004). 3 steps to profitable managed care contracts. Healthcare Financial Management, 58(5), 34.

ehavioral Finance and Human Interaction a Study of the Decision-Making

Processes Impacting Financial Markets

Understanding the Stock Market

Contrasting Financial Theories

Flaws of the Efficient Market Hypothesis

Financial ubbles and Chaos

The stock market's dominant theory, the efficient market hypothesis (EMH) has been greatly criticized recently for its failure to account for human errors, heuristic bias, use of misinformation, psychological tendencies, in determining future expected performance and obtainable profits.

Existing evidence indicates that past confidence in the EMH may have been misdirected, as the theory's models do not show a thorough understanding of trading operations in a realistic light.

Researchers have suggested that a variety of anomalies and inconsistent historical results demand that traditional financial theories, namely the EMH, be reconstructed to include human interaction as a key decision-making process that directly affects the performance of financial markets.

This research paper aims to determine whether or not there is a…

Bibliography

Barrett, Larry. (January, 2001). Emotional investing a recipe for disaster. CNET News.com.

Bernstein, Peter. (1998). Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Brennan, Phil. (March 12, 2002) The Great Stock Market Scam. NewsMax.com.

Business Week. (September 29, 1997) The Perils of Investing Too Close to Home.

Accounting 201 and Finance301:

Accounting 201

Discussion Question: Discuss FASB and IASB. Comment on at least two specific aspects of the two standard setting boards and their role in setting accounting standards. Also, watch 2 provided YouTube videos and post comments.

FASB and IASB

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) was established in 1973 to set and improve accounting and reporting standards for private sector U.S. entities (Financial Accounting Standards Board, n.d.). Though the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) has the power to set standards for publicly held companies, it relies on private organizations to set and improve standards, and the SEC officially recognizes the FASB's standards as legitimate standards for nongovernmental entities in the U.S. The FASB is independent of any business or organization so it can carry out its duties fairly and impartially. In order to carry out its mission, the FASB publishes the FASB Accounting Standards; along with…

Works Cited

Agilent Technologies, Inc. (2014). Annual Reports. Retrieved November 27, 2014 from www.investor.agilent.com Web site:  http://www.investor.agilent.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=103274&p=irol-reportsannual 

Agilent Technologies, Inc. (2014). Company Information. Retrieved November 27, 2014 November 27, 2014 from www.agilent.com Web site:  http://www.agilent.com/about/companyinfo/index.html 

CFO Studio. (2012, April 2). David Mudrick - CFOs becoming CEOs . Retrieved November 27, 2014 from www.youtube.com Web site:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2GxuhDRVYg 

CFO Studio. (2012, February 1). Ron Gaboury - CFOs becoming CEOs . Retrieved November 27, 2014 from www.youtube.com Web site:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5HkWah-bfs

Behavioral Finance and Analysis of American Financial Crisis

Financial theories are the cornerstone of the modern corporate world. They lay the foundation for most tools used in areas like asset pricing and investment banking. Most theoretical concepts like general equilibrium analysis and information economics are planted in the field of microeconomics. There are several different financial theories based on both consumer behavior, as well as how they impact decisions made by financial managers.

One financial theory that many business managers use is The Modern Portfolio Theory,

or MPT. It suggests how investors use diversification to enhance their portfolios, as well as how to price an asset based on the risk, in relation to the market as a whole. Modern portfolio theory displays the return of an asset as a variable, and the portfolio as a combination of all of the assets. The return of a portfolio is also a random…

Works Cited

Klier, Thomas H. "From Tail Fins to Hybrids: How Detroit Lost its Dominance of the U.S. Auto Market." Economic Perspectives 33.2 (2009), 2-17. Web.

Heakal, Reem, 2008. Macroeconomic Analysis: Retrieved on May 10, 2012 from:

 http://www.investopedia.com/articles/02/120402.asp 

Krumm, Paul, 2007. How Money is Created Retrieved on May 10, 2012 from:

manager." The introduction describe " -development important a manager mix a bit coaching theories ( I a coaching I techniques Kolb' learning cycle techniques fuore managers improve ), I a part body essay real life examples managers coaching techniques -development successful ( describe techniques ).

The importance of self-development in becoming a manager

Self-development is defined first and foremost as an overall holistic desire to find one's freedom and the desire to connect with one's self and own sense of worth, integrity and happiness so as to enjoy abundant happiness both at home and at work. Self-development in simpler terms is that amazing quest / journey that a person embarks on; a point of realization when all the pieces of a person's life fall together and they finally remove their own self limitations and inhibitions that hinder or stop any person more so a manager from achieving greatness. This definition…

References

BRUCE, H.A. 1938. Self-development: how to build self-confidence, a handbook for the ambitious, New York, Three Sirens Press.

BRUCE, H.A. 2010. Self-Development: A Handbook for the Ambitious, Whitefish, Kessinger Publishing, LLC.

BYNUM, W.F.A.P., R. (ed.) 2005. Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations, London: Oxford University Press.

CLELAND, D. & IRELAND, L. 2006. Project Management: Strategic Design and Implementation, New York, McGraw-Hill.

Financial Stakeholders in a Business

Main financial stakeholders, their power and influence in a business

Stakeholders refer to people affected or have an interest in the objectives and operations of the business. The business has a variety of stakeholder segments, which have been broadly categorized as follows:

The classification of stakeholders varies in terms of interests to the activities of the business and their power to influence key decisions. The fact is that key stakeholders do not enjoy equality in terms of their influence and power. This is evident across all business sectors. Senior managers tend to have more influence compared to mere environmental activists (Schaltegger & Burritt, 2010). The table below defines the main financial stakeholders and their impact on the business:

Main financial stakeholders

Main Interests

Impact on the Business

Shareholders

Dividends, share price growth and profit growth

Election of directors

Banks & other Lenders

Principal and interest…

References

Cowton, C., & Haase, M. (2008). Trends in business and economic ethics. Berlin: Springer.

Dawkins, S. (2007). CIMA Exam Practice Kit Management Accounting Decision Management: 2007 Edition. Burlington: Elsevier Science & Technology.

Dayananda, D. (2012). Capital budgeting: Financial appraisal of investment projects. Cambridge [u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Lewis, R., & Trevitt, R. (2013). Financial accounting. Cheltenham: Nelson Thomas.

financial analysis and more specifically financial ratios has been noted by Finkler, Marc and Baker (2007, p.253) to be important to managers since it can help them in making informed decisions. In this paper, we present the concept of ratio analysis as applied to healthcare facilities.

The concept and purpose of ratio analysis

Financial statement analysis is noted by Flex Monitoring Team (2005) to be very important to managers, boards, payers as well as lenders for them to effectively make the right judgments on the financial health of their organizations. atio analysis is one of the most accepted methods of assessing the financial health of an organization. The data that is used for ratio analysis is derived from income statements and balance sheets. It is a fact that most health care systems, hospitals as well as various other healthcare organizations routinely employ ratio analysis in evaluating their financial condition and…

References

Eichler HG, Kong SX, Gerth WC, Mavros P, Jonsson B. (2004)Use of cost-effectiveness analysis in health-care resource allocation decision-making: how are cost-effectiveness thresholds expected to emerge?. Value Health. 2004 Sep-Oct;7(5):518-28.

Finkler, SA.,Ward, DM ] and Baker, JJ (2007).Essentials of Cost Accounting for Health Care Organizations. Jones & Bartlett Learning,

Flex Monitoring Team (2005). Financial Indicators for Critical Access Hospitals. Available online at http://www.flexmonitoring.org/documents/BriefingPaper7_FinancialIndicators.pdf

Financial Statements

Importance of Financial Statements

The Importance of Accurate Financial Statements to Outside Business Interests

The four financial statements are the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flow, and statement of owner's equity. All of these statements are interactive even though they each serve a unique purpose. They are intended to assess the health of a business and their accuracy is vitally important to investors, creditors and other outside interests. The income statement, statement of cash flow, and statement of owner equity, close out at the end of each year. The balance sheet amounts are carried over from year to year (Kurtz, 2010).

Discussion

Both internal and external entities use these statements in order to inform the decision making process. These documents provide pertinent information on the financial position (balance sheet), profitability (income statement), and operating, investing, and financing activities (statement of cash flow and statement of owners…

References

"Cash vs. accrual accounting." (2000). Inc. Nolo.com Inc. Retrieved September 27, 2012, from  http://www.inc.com/articles/2000/04/19194.html 

Horngren, C.T., Harrison W.T., & Oliver, M.S. (2012). Accounting (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Kurtz, D.L. (2010). Contemporary business, 13th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Lasher, W.R. (2008). Practical financial management (5th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western.

The statement of cash flows separates out the cash flows from the non-cash flows on the income statement. This gives the reader a better indication of the cash position of the company, rather than the position with regards to accounting profit. The statement of cash flows separates cash flows into three categories -- operations, investing and financing. This can help analysts to determine where profits and changes in cash position come from -- do they come from successful operations or from other activities.

The statement of changes to owner's equity explains the changes in retained earnings. It illustrates how the company's activities over the period have impacted the value of the owners' stake in the firm.

These statements are all interrelated. The income statement and the statement of cash flows work together to explain not just profits but the sources of positive and negative cash flows. The statement of changes…

Works Cited:

No author. (2007). The 4 financial statements. QuickMBA.com. Retrieved November 23, 2009 from  http://www.quickmba.com/accounting/fin/statements/

It was irresponsible for banks to operate from a position of absentee management, and the careless ownership enabled reckless conduct from their "agents" who ran the day-to-day operation. While some blame must be placed on the public for continuing to spend at outrageous rates, the bank itself promoted and enabled such activity. Blankfein's argument that no one had been arrested is irrelevant since the issue at hand is whether the financial industry was responsible, not whether bank officials should be arrested. Banks made profound miscalculations concerning interest rates and loans, and should have been aware that their business practices were not feasible toward long-term success (Murphy).

Issue 7 places the theories of authors oger Lowenstein and obert Samuelson against one another. Lowenstein contends that government should bail out economic institutions; however, he does not argue that bailouts are necessary in order to assist the careless companies, but instead asserts that…

References

Newton, L., Englehardt, E., & Pritchard, M. (2012). Taking Side: Clashing Issues on Business Ethics and Society. New York: McGray Hill.

Murphy, a. (Nov. 4, 2008). An analysis of the financial crisis of 2008: Causes and solutions. SSRN. Retrieved from  http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1295344 .

Andrews, E.L. (2008, Oct. 23). Greenspan 'shocked' that free markets are flawed. International Herald Tribune.