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Global Environment
Thousands of companies compete in the global environment. Some of the most prominent global companies are Exxon Mobil, Microsoft, Nestle, Honda, Coca-Cola, Anheuser-Busch InBev, and HSBC. These companies all operate in different industries, and many are based outside of the United States. For companies, operating in the global environment gives them access to a wide range of customers, providing not only growth opportunities but geographic diversification. Global presence can also help a company to attract top talent from around the world, giving it further competitive advantage over companies that are not global in nature. For consumers, global companies often offer a mix of global and local products, providing variety but also product consistency. Shareholders benefit from the diversification and sources of growth.
Exchange rates between nations are directly affected by the differential interest rates. The value of money changes at different rates in different countries, and these changes…
Works Cited:
Van Bergen, J. (2011). 6 factors that influence exchange rates. Investopedia. Retrieved April 7, 2011 from http://www.investopedia.com/articles/basics/04/050704.asp
Reuters. (2011). C$ climbs ahead of Canada March jobs data. Reuters. Retrieved April 7, 2011 from http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/07/markets-canada-dollar-bonds-idUSN0726600020110407
ather, the organizations or the future will have to create mutual dependencies and new organizations structures that enable networks of management and "virtual" or "boundary less" organizational structures that facilitate organizational effectiveness in the "turbulent" business environment (Mccann, 2004: 42). This means that organizations must become more agile to act more decisively, cultivating and aligning resources more quickly and creating and transforming as well as sharing knowledge more efficiently (Mccann, 2004). One way that organizations can do this is by eliminating the traditional barriers that exist between management and other levels of the organization. This suggests a greater emphasis on decentralization and more emphasis or streamlining operations through participative management.
Of course this more open organizational structure does not come without risks and costs. A more open organizational style does afford greater adaptability and flexibility but can also create increased costs and inhibit certain controls; organizations may also become in…
References
Dean, J.W. And D.E. Bowen. 1994. "Management theory and total quality: Improving research and practice through theory improvement." Academy of Management Review 19: 393- 418.
Euske, N. And K. Roberts. 1987. "Evolving Perspectives in Organization Theory:
Communication Implications." In Handbook of Organizational Communication: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Eds. F. Jablin, L. Putnam, K. Roberts, and L. Porter. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Culpan, R. (2002). Global Business Alliances: Theory and Practice. Westport: Quorum
Global Environment Continue to Deteriorate?
Given the planet's struggling economic and social conditions, the exploding population, the spreading plague of violence, the increasing depletion of natural resources (forests, etc.) and the urgent need for new energy resources, the ignorance towards conservation and sustainability, and the heating up of the planet, there is every reason to believe that the deterioration of the world's environment will indeed continue. That is not to say the planet is destined to be degraded to the point that it will be uninhabitable for human existence. The health of the environment certainly doesn't have to continue to spiral downward. But to the question posed for this paper, yes, the global environment is -- and will continue to be for the foreseeable future -- on a path of dramatic deterioration.
hy is the environment deteriorating? Description of historical / social background
There are many reasons why the environment…
Works Cited
Awuah-Nyamekye, Samuel. (2009). Salvaging Nature: the Akan Religio-Cultural Perspective.
Worldviews, Vol. 13, 251-282.
Center for Biological Diversity. (2011). Deepwater Horizon still taking "deadly toll" on Gulf
Wildlife. Retrieved May 15, 2011, from http://ww4report.com/node/9797 .
Child Labor in the Global Environment
Child labor has received opposition from all corners of the world. However, still there are companies that in exploiting their market in other countries they find opportunity of practicing child labor mainly because these countries might be having strict laws but they do little to protect the rights of children. Nike is among the companies that have been found to be using child labor in the production of its soccer balls in other countries.
Pakistan, of course have laws against child labor and slavery, but their government to some extent have paved the way for these acts since they do little to curb it out. It is only through boycott by the United States as well as other nations has slavery and child-based industries been impacted. Moreover the constitution of the United States describe child labor as illegal and inhuman practice and any company…
References
Associated Press, (2011) "Nike still dogged by worker abuses," Japan Times, p. 4.
Endgame (2009) "Importing Countries (Athletic shoes)"
.
Nike (2009) "Company overview" Nike. Retrieved May 27, 2014 .
As the national and regional cultures form a broad base of expectations of how important commitments and their fulfillment are and how their importance varies by culture, the individual relationships of managers in outsourcing provider and client companies also goes through a fine-tuning process on how deadlines of projects are handled. It is common knowledge that one of the most difficult aspects of attaining CQ is overcoming the major differences in the perception of time between national and organizational cultures. For CQ to realize its full potential, measures of cultural variation need to also be included in the learning sequences, syllabus design and continual reinforcement of concepts and practical application. The Hofstede Five Cultural Dimensions Model (Hofstede, 1983) is commonly used specifically for this part of ensuring managers and their team attains a high level of understanding as they are given instruction and coaching on how to increase their CQ…
References
Soon Ang, Andrew C. Inkpen. (2008). Cultural Intelligence and Offshore Outsourcing Success: A Framework of Firm-Level Intercultural Capability. Decision Sciences, 39(3), 337. Retrieved December 19, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1525189081).
Soon Ang, Linn Van Dyne, Christine Koh. (2006). Personality Correlates of the Four-Factor Model of Cultural Intelligence. Group & Organization Management, 31(1), 100-123. Retrieved December 18, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 979650241).
Kerri Anne Crowne (2008). What leads to cultural intelligence? Business Horizons, 51(5), 391. Retrieved December 20, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 1538583981).
Earley, P.C. (2002) 'Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence', in B.M. Staw and R.M. Kramer (eds) Research in Organizational Behavior 24: 271-299, Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
Fiscal Policy in the Global Environment: Case Study on Ireland Economic Policy
The objective of this work is to examine the key aims of fiscal policy and to determine what the appropriate fiscal policy stance is for the Irish economy at the present.
esearch questions in this study include those stated as follows:
(1) What are the key aims of fiscal policy?
(2) What is the appropriate fiscal policy stance for the Irish economy at this time?
The Aims of Fiscal Policy
The role played by fiscal policy in economies that are developed include maintaining full employment as well as bringing about stabilization to growth. Also included in the aims of fiscal policy are the following: (1) mobilization of resources; (2) acceleration of economic growth; (3) minimization of the inequalities of income and wealth; (4) increasing employment opportunities; and (5) price stability. (Buzzle.com, 2011) Limitations of fiscal policy in developing…
References
Bergin, Adele, Conefrey, Thomas, Fitzgerald, John and Kearney, Ide (2009) Macroeconomic Context for a Sustainable Recovery. The Economic and Social Research Institute. 27 Mar 2009. Retrieved from: http://www.esri.ie/research/research_areas/macroeconomics/ireland%20in%20recession/Maceconomic_Rec.pdf
Fitz Gerald, John (nd) Fiscal Policy in a Monetary Union: The Case of Ireland. Retrieved from: http://www.esri.ie/pdf/QEC0301SA_Fitz%20Gerald.pdf
Fitz Gerald, John (nd) Monetary Union: The Case of Ireland. Retrieved from:
In that regard, any foreign investor could encounter some problems setting base in such countries. However, in some cultures, the most significant aspect of venturing into a foreign market depends on ones credibility.
It is therefore important to note that investors and marketers alike must carry out adequate research as this could go a long way towards enhancing an understanding of what is required in the new business environment. Similarly, tastes and preferences vary between cultures such that the physical product could realize significant sales in one market and dismal sales in another (Doole 75).
Cultural differences act as opportunities for the foreign investor to entice a wide array of consumers with various preferences and hence customize the physical products to enhance their appeal. Similarly, the opportunity to interact with diverse cultures in the foreign market creates networks that are vital in marketing physical products in new markets (enee 348).…
References
Doole, Isobel and Robin Rowe. International Marketing Strategy: Analysis, Development and Implementation. Cengage Learning, 2008.
Renee, Kim. "Wal-Mart Korea: Challenges of Entering a Foreign Market." Journal of Asia-Pacific Business. Vol. 9, iss. 4, pp. 344-357. 2008. Retrieved on April 10, 2011 from: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a906681302
Balanced Scorecard
The global environment continues to be very contentious as organizations compete for market share around the world. As business continues to become more integrated, it is necessary to have standardized rules and processes. This standardization however must be adapted to fit local constituency within a given market. The balance scorecard is no different in this regard. A balanced scorecard allows businesses to better ascertain their particular strengths within a given capital project. As mentioned early, businesses are now more global in nature. As such, businesses have a larger array of opportunities to employ their financial capital. A balance scorecard helps to ensure that capital is utilized properly while also ensuring a proper response to the changing macroeconomic environments.
The balanced scorecard, as evidenced by the British Airport Authority case study, can be altered depending on the assignment. The balanced scorecard is unique in that it is broad enough…
Training
In today's global environment, training is an essential component for overall development. Organizations now require a diverse skill set in order to handle multiple tasks and obligations. As such, adequate training will become a more integral part of an individual's career development. Training methods however have come under intense scrutiny. Corporations and individuals are now becoming more skeptical regarding training methods and there apparent benefits. Training has now developed from a more lecture-based curriculum to that of a more hands on program. This shift, I believe is warranted given the diverse workforce within society. As globalization begins to spread around the world, diverse training methods will be needed to overcome the varying needs of employees and businesses. As such, the lecture method of traditional training programs is becoming antiquated as more innovative solutions emerge
To begin, lecture-based training is grounded in passive learning. Lecture is usually a one way…
References:
1) Beck, Robert H. (2009). The Three R's Plus: What Today's Schools are Trying to Do and Why. U of Minnesota Press. pp. 3 -- 36. ISBN 978-0-8166-6017-9
2) Russell L. Ackoff and Daniel Greenberg (2008), Turning Learning Right Side Up: Putting Education Back on Track (pdf). Retrieved February 2, 2013.
Managing in a Global Environment
International market growth has become a significant priority for a large number of companies. Therefore it has become necessary to create a strategy that makes the company compete with effectiveness in global markets to become successful. The company would have to create a strong competitive base in a wide range of disparate markets keeping in mind competition that is bound to arise from regional and local competitors as well as other companies that are operating on a global scale. For example when Coke, went to India it had to face locally entrenched competition from Thumbs Up and from Pepsi that had already started operations. When setting up a global competitive position it is necessary to keep in mind the spatial configuration of assets and resources and to analyze not only the similarities and differences in the operating environment, but also take into consideration the rhythms…
References
AT& T. woos international markets with VOIP products. Retrieved from http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/09/22/HNattvoip_1.html?VOIP Accessed on 12/08/2004
Craig, Samuel C; Douglas, Susan P. Configural Advantage in Global Markets. Retrieved from http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~sdouglas/rpubs/config.html Accessed on 12/08/2004
Expanding Across Borders. Retrieved from http://www.thunderbird.edu/about_us/publications/tbird_mag/vol54_no_2 / Accessed on 12/08/2004
Gillette at a Glance. Retrieved from http://www.gillette.com/company/gilletteataglance.asp Accessed on 12/08/2004
Global Environmental & Ecological Issues
Global Ecology Assignments
Climate and Air Pollution - Climate change is an environmental issue in the news almost daily, and air pollution impacts us on a global level. What are the implications of global warming? Do you think the efforts to improve air quality are worth the economic costs? (One page).
The implications of global warming is a bit of a misnomer since the effects of global warming are already being felt -- already having dire impacts on the environment. Global warming is impacting the environmental niches by changing the climates and weather patterns. These are not simple issues and include very complex problems. One such problem is that as the countries in the north grow warmer, the diseases that are normally found in southern countries migrate north through insect migration. Diseases such as malaria and plague can move back into environments in which they…
References
Dempsey, J. And Ewing, J. (2011, May 30). Germany, in reversal, will close nuclear plants by 2022. The New York Times. Retrieved http://www.nytimes.com /2011/05/31/
world/europe/31germany.html
Fukushima's dirty inheritance. (2012, March 9). Retrieved http://www.newscientist.com/article / mg21328552.100-fukushimas-dirty-inheritance.html
Hatch, M., Ron, E., A. Bouville, A., Zablotska, L. And Howe, G. (2005, July). Epidemiology Review, 27 (1): 56-66. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxi012
Global Business
When businesses go international, they have to operate in a more competitive, uncertain, and risky business environment. The forces present in the Global environment bring a number of challenges for the businesses; making it more difficult for them to maintain their market share, enhance profitability, and keep the customers satisfied (Cherunilam, 2007). To compete successfully and ensure a sustainable future in the international markets, business organizations have to analyze these forces carefully and strategize accordingly. Globalization has also impacted the way countries use to recognize themselves as internationally competitive and advanced than other countries (Tellis, Stremersch, & Yin, 2003).
This paper presents a comprehensive discussion on the positive and negative impacts of Globalization and the efforts which nations and business organizations make in order to become internationally competitive and keep up pace with the Globalization. The paper starts with a brief description of different environmental forces that are…
References
Benetton, (2012). The Group. Retrieved on May 3rd, 2012, from
CIA, (2012). Italy: Economy Overview. Retrieved on May 3rd, 2012, from
Cherunilam, F. (2007). International business: text and cases. India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Dconti, (2012). Effects of Globalization on Italy. Retrieved on May 3rd, 2012, from
Global Human Resources Management
The objective of this work is to describe International Human Resources Management and concerns about effective human resources management in the global environment. The factors that most strongly influence HRM in international markets will be discussed as well as will differences among countries that affect HR planning at organizations with international operations. As well, this work will describe how differences among countries affect HR planning at organizations with international operations. This work will further describe how companies select and train human resources in a global labor market. Discuss challenges related to compensating employees from other countries. Explain how employers prepare managers for international assignments and for their return home.
Effective HR Management in the Global Environment
Development of the global workforce is critically important and it is necessary to acknowledge that these employees work in an environment that is multi-cultural or global and general awareness programs…
Bibliography
Global Human Resources Management and Organizational Development (nd) ITAP International. Retrieved from: http://www.itapintl.com/whatwedo/globalhrmod.html
Haile, Semere (2002) Challenges in International Benefits and Compensation Systems of Multinational Corporation. The African Economic and Business Review. Vol. 3 No. 1 Spring 2002. Retrieved from http://www.theaebr.com/v3n1Haille.pdf
Palthe, Jennifer (2008) Managing Human Rights and Human Resources: The Dual Responsibility of Global Corporations. Forum on Public Policy. Retrieved from: http://forumonpublicpolicy.com/summer08papers/archivesummer08/palthe.pdf
Plessis, AJ and Beaver, B. (2008) The Changing Role of Human Resource Managers for International Assignments. International Review of Business Research Papers. Vol. 4 No. 5 Oct-Nov 2008. Retrieved from: http://www.*****/17[1].Plessis.pdf
As the road is being laid the fumes from the chemical materials and the concussive force of the construction equipment are devastating to local wildlife (Forman & Alexander, 1998). The result, is displaced organisms which ultimately put increased pressure for food, land, and water on other ecosystems. The extent of these ripple effects are still yet to be fully known.
In instances where above or below ground water supplies must be altered in order to make way for a new road system the effects are if anything more dire. When laying the bed of a road, it is nearly impossible to prevent a percentage of the chemicals used in the road surface itself from leeching into the soil (Forman & Deblinger, 2000). When in the presence of water those toxins are carried the course of the water supply affecting all of the vegetation and wildlife which it comes into contact…
Global Fighter Jets Marketing Plan
Marketing Vision
Global Fighter Jets is poised to provide customers with high-edge military aircraft specifically to combat fighter jet. Our marketing efforts will be geared towards customer's reassurance that we are the first when searching for military fighter jet such as F-35 fighter in Israel. Our key to success will center on the marketing strategy that we will implement, and our marketing strategy is the marketing mix to expand the relationship with existing customers.
Marketing Mix
Global Fighter Jets will use 4Ps as marketing mix, which include Product, Price, Promotion, and Place. Several reasons make the paper to choose 4Ps as marketing strategy.
Product: A product relates to the specifications of goods as related to the satisfaction of customers. The company chooses product as marketing mix to provide combination of quality, brand name and features to launch the product into the market.
Price: The reason…
References
Business Monitor International Ltd. (2011). Market Structure & Defence Industry. Venezuela Defence & Security Report.
Bruce, M. Daly, L. & Kahn, K.B. (2007). Delineating Design Factors that Influence the Global Product Launch Process. The Journal Product Innovation Management. 24:456 -- 470.
Chen, M.K. Wang, S.C. & Chiou, C.(2009). Global Logistics Management for the E-Business Policy for Manufacturing. International Journal of Electronic Business Management. 7(2): 86-97.
Cook, N. (1996). Military upgrade market attracting too many players. Interavia Business Technology. 51(602).
Global Mindsets
Importance of the Global Mindset
I agree with the assertion made by Cohen that possessing a global mindset is a key and integral part to being successful in business, particularly if global expansion is an organizational goal or aspiration. To be successful in today's marketplace, leaders must understand that the world is no longer made up of only local/regional/national customers and competitors. It has been shaped by the digitized age we live in. Customers come from everywhere, for just about everything. Similarly, competition does too. This means to be truly successful, business leaders must know how to integrate a number of geographies, cultures, demographics, tastes, preferences, and business strategies from across the globe (Gumbel 2008). Leaders need an appreciation for diverse business relationships and more specialized skills to achieve their goals.
Universal cooperation is a daily business reality. The vast majority of this is due to technological advancement…
References
Beechler, S, & Baltzley, D 2008, 'Creating a Global mindset', Chief Learning Officer, 7, 6, pp. 40-45, Business Source Elite, EBSCOhost, viewed 17 May 2013.
Cohen, SL 2010, 'Effective global leadership requires a global mindset', Industrial & Commercial Training, 42, 1, pp. 3-10, Business Source Elite, EBSCOhost, viewed 17 May 2013.
Gumbel, P 2008, 'Big Mac's Local Flavor', Fortune, 157, 9, pp. 114-121, Business Source Elite, EBSCOhost, viewed 17 May 2013.
Massingham, P 2013, 'Cognitive Complexity in Global Mindsets', International Journal Of Management, 30, 2, pp. 232-248, Business Source Elite, EBSCOhost, viewed 17 May 2013.
Furthermore it has become critically necessary to be equipped technologically in handling today's increased IT demands for business communication.
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Global usiness Support: Creating the Infrastructure for International usiness Communication (2006) Nova's Communication-ased usiness Activities. Online available at http://www.nova.ne.jp/english/corporation/02jigyo/jigyou_business.html.
Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L. And Leidner, Dorothy E. (1998) Communication and Trust in Global Virtual Teams - JCMC 3 (4) June 1998. Online available at http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol3/issue4/jarvenpaa.html
Global Alliance Joins the Organization of the World Congress on Communication for Development (2006) Global Alliance 5 July 2006 Online available at http://www.globalpr.org/news/industry_news_direct.asp?v1=86
usiness Communications Applications on Any Network (2005) Avaya White Paper May 2005.
Avaya White Paper, "New Era of Intelligent…
Bibliography
Video Conferencing (2006) GlobalMedia. Online available at: www.globalmedia.com.
Hart, Amy (2001) Global Communication Warming - The CEO Refresher. Online available at http://www.refresher.com/!warming.html.
Martin, Jeannet S. And Chaney, Lillian H. (2006) Global Business Etiquette: A Guide to International Communication and Customs. Online available at http://doi.contentdirections.com/mr/greenwood.jsp?doi=10.1336/0275988155.
Global Business Support: Creating the Infrastructure for International Business Communication (2006) Nova's Communication-Based Business Activities. Online available at http://www.nova.ne.jp/english/corporation/02jigyo/jigyou_business.html.
One can understand how this occurs from an economic perspective. With globalization, the individual economic entity, be it company, small firm or individual member of society, will no longer interact with the state in the economic field, but rather with one another, and this will occur not in a limited, stately environment, but on a large, unlimited, global scale. At the same time, globalization goes hand in hand with liberalization, which means that in the global economic environment, the nation state loses its role as a centralized and regulatory authority in the economic events, as the economic entities will be able regulate the market freely, through their own interaction.
The hyper globalization thesis also argues that the globalization phenomenon is likely to significantly impact the nation state's regulatory ability in all areas ranging from labor to environmental regulations and to taxation. The logical reasoning for this is simple: globalization proposes…
" (Johnson, 2005) the notion of ruling against the defendant in all identity theft or related cases may establish the wrong precedent for future cases. "On the other hand, if liability is too readily assessed, it will have the power to bankrupt valuable enterprises because of the often vast numbers of potential plaintiffs and consequent extensive resulting damages." (Johnson, 2005)
Internet security and identity theft is a very pervasive problem globally. In fact, most every nation with a web presence must deal with the same issue of hackers breaching server security or web browser security and stealing identities or other destructive behavior with malicious intent. The United States has a much more serious issue in this realm, however, when compared to countries within Europe, Asia, Africa, ussia, and South America. Although the threat remains global and can affect any nation at any time, the probability of identity theft in America…
References
Anthes, G. (2010) Security in the Cloud. Association for Computing Machinery. Communications of the ACM, 53(11), 16. Retrieved December 14, 2010, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 2198161791).
Babcock, C. (2010) Cloud Computing Differences Between U.S. And Europe. Information Week. Retrieved from: http://www.informationweek.com/news/government/cloud-saas/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=224202598
2009. New Straits Times. Cyber security challenges. Retrieved from: http://www.lexisnexis.com.rlib.pace.edu/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T10848791436&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T10848791439&cisb=22_T10848791438&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=151977&docNo=13
Campbell K., Gordon L., Loeb M., Zhou L. The economic cost of publicly announced information security breaches: empirical evidence from the stock market. Journal of Computer Security Vol.11 Number 3/2003 pgs 431-448
While we know that global warming would no doubt, at the levels Epstein cites, be conditions for increased disease and even death; there is no sufficient data to suggest that global warming is going to reach the levels that Epstein is suggesting in his article. His article is alarmist in nature.
Schneider's (2002) article, in contrast to Epstein's, relies heavily on scientific data, pointing out that existing data is inconclusive as to what the future of global warming is (pp. 62-65). Schneider, who conveys the sense that he is resisting the temptation to be alarmist, is holding onto the principles of science, maintaining that there is insufficient evidence with which to make predictions on the future of climate changes at the levels discussed in the Kyoto Protocol.or that of a "non-scientific" study which is the focus of Schenieder's argument on the lack of evidence to support much of the published…
Reference List
Schneider, Stephen (2002), Global Warming: Neglecting the Complexities, Scientific
American v286 no1 p62-5 Ja.
Epstein, Paul R. (2000), Is Global Warming Harmful to Health?, Scientific American v283 no2 p50-7 Ag.
Environment Scanning
For What easons Do Organizations Need
An Awareness of Their Environment
Competitive pressure, globalization and the continuing economic turbulence and uncertainty of the world's leading nations all contribute to a level of risk that businesses have never seen before. Continually being aware and monitoring their environments gives businesses of all sizes an opportunity to anticipate significant shifts in customer demand and react accordingly. The intent of this paper is to provide insights into the many factors that drive organizations to have a greater awareness of their global environment.
Striving Towards Agility and isk Management
The most common factor that drives businesses of all sizes to continually stay aware of their environment is the need to always stay in step with their customers, markets, and their unmet needs. The need for being responsive to the market is a critical one that underscores every successful organization globally today (Ball, Lorange,…
References
Ball, Ben C., Jr., and Lorange, Peter. 1979. Managing Your Strategic Responsiveness to the Environment. Managerial Planning 28, no. 3, (November 1): 3.
Anna Shaojie Cui, David A Griffith, and S. Tamer Cavusgil. 2005. The Influence of Competitive Intensity and Market Dynamism on Knowledge Management Capabilities of Multinational Corporation Subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing 13, no. 3, (January 1): 32-53.
Fahey, Liam, King, William R., and Narayanan, Vandake K.. 1981. Environmental Scanning and Forecasting in Strategic Planning -- the State of the Art. Long-Range Planning 14, no. 1, (February 1): 32.
Kuei, C., C. Madu, and C. Lin. 2011. Developing global supply chain quality management systems. International Journal of Production Research 49, no. 15, (August 1): 4457.
S.$1 = 80.38 JPY (Japanese Yen). However, the current economic crisis in the United States and in major world economies including the European Union, combined with the post-tsunami economic consequences within Japan has made the exchange rates highly volatile and fluctuating. In order to avoid exchange rate risks, the company will make all transactions in one standard currency that is U.S. dollars. Moreover, in order to avoid exchange rate risks AKJT Inc. will use hedging approach, while netting approach will also be used where necessary. Hedging approach will be more pragmatic for the company as the company will be taking financial loans from international financial institutions (IXGW, 2011).
Generation of Financial esources
Given the highly capital intensive nature of the business, generation of financial resources remains a major concern for AJKT Inc. Since the retained profits of the company are expected to remain relatively lower in the initial years, the…
References
IXGW (2011). How do foreign trade avoid exchange rate risk. Retrieved from http://www.ixgw.com/2011/02/how-do-foreign-trade-to-avoid-exchange-rate-risk/
Gowthrope, C. (2005). Business Account and Finance for non-specialists. UK: Thomson.
Sofat, R. & Hiro, P. (2008) Basic Accounting. India: Prentice Hall.
Specifically, it has risen a full degree since 1957 (Crittenden & White, 2010; Muller, 2008). Similarly, there is no doubt that carbon dioxide levels have also risen significantly, thirty-six percent since their first recording (Muller, 2008). Proponents of the global warming hypothesis argue that this increasing level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a cause of the greenhouse effect that traps warmth under the lower layers of the atmosphere and increases severe weather patterns and weather instability in general (Crittenden & White, 2010).
In many respects, the principle flaw in the global warming theory is not so much that it is illusory but that it is not necessarily harmful and also, not necessarily attributable to human behavior. The most responsible proponents of global warming acknowledge both of those uncertainties but argue that if the observed evidence is significantly related to global warming, and if global warming is the cause…
References
Crittenden, J.C. And White, H.S. "Harnessing Energy for a Sustainable World"
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 132, No. 13; (2010): 4503 -- 4505.
Muller, R.A. (2008). Physics for Future Presidents: The Science behind the Headlines.
New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Employee development and training is an alternate zone. In the IT business, training is not simply about recognizing training needs and giving the presupposed training, but anticipating and reckoning the necessities and advancing suitable training to equip employees so that they can handle the challenges.
Another serious challenge is the way businesses have the ability to fuse all the sub-systems in H and help them in accomplishing a definitive objective: extraordinary performance. Individuals must be groomed to get in tune with the performance culture. Making an environment that invigorates the formation of information and its sustenance all through the organization is an enormous challenge. However, investments in Human esource Information Systems (HIS) must create, maintain, and enhance a performance driven culture. The role shifts to that of a facilitator. H will include the entire organization in this process and go about as an advisor and facilitator. This is a H…
References
Aswathappa, A. (2009). International business. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill.
Bell, M.P. (2012). Diversity in organizations. Mason, Ohio: South-Western College.
Burke, R.J. (2005). Reinventing human resource management: Challenges and new directions. London [u.a.: Routledge.
Congress, E.P., & Gonza-lez, M.J. (2013). Multicultural perspectives in social work practice with families. New York: Springer Pub. Company.
Global Marketing Strategies and Management Techniques of Apple Inc.
The central objective of this report is to perform an environmental analysis of a country in which our selected company shall aim to establish a market for its products and services. The company chosen for the purposes of this report is Apple Inc. The country selected for the analysis is The People's Republic of China. The aim of this report is to assist the management of Apple Inc. In assessing whether the country presents a viable business opportunity or not. The product chosen for this purpose is the Apple iPhone 4S.
The Apple iPhone 4S is said to be the best technology that the company has come up with in the iPhone product line. With the dual-core A-5 chip, 8 megapixel iSight camera, io5 and iCloud functions coupled with a speech recognition personal assistant dubbed Siri, it is one the most…
Bibliography
Altucher, J., 2010. There's no stopping China, s.l.: New York Post.
Anon., 2010. Apple Form 10-K, s.l.: Apple Inc.
Anon., 2011. [Online]
Available at: http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/china?page=22&country=8016&year=2011
Global Environmental Issues
Organisms have to deal with both abiotic and biotic factors to succeed living in a given environment. Such physical and chemical environmental conditions as salinity, light, wind, pressure and heat, constitute abiotic factors. Biotic factors include the whole set of biological conditions that a species faces including the abundance of both predator and prey, space available, food availability, inter and intra species competition (Sherbinin, Alex de et al. 1). The relationships of interdependent nature among and between the living organisms; also referred to as the biotic aspects of an ecosystem can be classed in terms of whether they are harmful or beneficial to a given species. They may also have no effect on a given organism in focus. Human-environment interaction leads to changes and shifts in the global environment via a series of associated causes. These causes change the environments in certain ways to the extent of…
Global Business Leadership
When I first registered for the global leadership class, I thought "isn't all business the same?" In the sense that I really wasn't sure what distinguished global leadership from any other type of leadership. Having never held a management position in the workplace, I was perhaps at a disadvantage to understand the nuances of the question of global business leadership. The course has broadened my understanding of leadership on a global scale.
I see leadership as the process of leading people. The latter point is specific to understanding what leadership is -- people. A manager is someone who manages resources, and directs them to tasks, but these resources are not necessarily people -- they can be capital, or equipment. Thus, a manager is someone who determines who and what will perform the different tasks that will bring the organization closer to its stated objectives. Leadership is somewhat…
References
Rost, J. (1998). Leadership and management. From Leading organizations: Perspectives for a new era. Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA
Conclusion
Standing at the pivotal point of a changing world economy offers companies and business organizations new opportunities, but they must heed the lessons learned thus far, and make wise and pragmatic business decisions. These business choices are responsible for bringing about a stable world economy. Kemal Davis (2005) at the Financial Times and International Finance Corporation, summed it up this way:
"Given the scale of the challenge we face, there has never been a more critical time for the private sector, together with government, society and others to work together to build a better globalization for all (online)."
Building a globally-integrated world is a bold goal, but not unattainable. Business must take the lead and create for itself an environment of consumer trust, product quality and safety, and become more socially diverse and politically smart. Business must demonstrate its integrity, and concern for their markets by creating international trade…
Works Cited
Davis, Kemal, (2005). Newsroom, United Nations Development Programme, found online at http://content.undp.org/go/newsroom/2005/november/statement-dervis corporation-conference-20051109.en?src=print, retrieved February 2, 2010.
Elliott, Peter and Devine, Tim, (2009). Technology and Digital Business, FT.Com,
Financial Times, found online at http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/4f043b02-d06e-11de-af9c-00144feabdc0.html , retrieved February 1, 2010.
Grein, Andreas F. And Gould, Stephen J., (2007). Voluntary Codes of Ethical Conduct:
" (Impacts of sea level rise) In these areas, such as India and Indonesia, even a small increase in sea level could result in forced migration with resultant economic hardship. The point should also be reiterated that in our interconnected world, the economic and social problems of one area or region have an impact on other countries. This is also related to the fact that many of the suugested means of dealing with global warming would contradict and even negate economic policies that many industrialized nations already have in place. This aspect will be expanded on in the following sections.
3.
Political Issues
The response from governments to the problem and reality of global warming has not always been positive or enthusiastic. The Reagan administration and the First Bush Administration in the United States tended to be politically optimistic about the global environment. Governments in developed countries have in general…
Works Cited
Alberts S. Obama boosts hopes of climate deal. 24 November, 2009.
Balaam David N. And Veseth M. Introduction to International Political Economy.
London: Prentice Hall, 1995
However, their theories, like the catastrophic predictions, lack real, hard, personal evidence. They may be right - but what if they are wrong and civilization does nothing to combat global warming and the other issues facing the Earth?
In conclusion, it seems that many of the people who are so convinced the Earth will survive on its own are ignoring many of the facts. The Earth's survival has depended on regeneration and re-growth in the past, and many species have been eliminated in global events of the past (think of the dinosaurs). During these historic events, man was a blip on the global landscape, or did not exist at all. Today, billions of humans populate the planet and pollute it in a wide variety of ways. The Earth has been able to survive natural events in the past because it was naturally able to regenerate. Today, man has altered the…
References
Bailey, R. Two sides to global warming: Is it proven fact, or just conventional wisdom? 20 Nov. 2004.
BBCNews. Pollution hot spots. 2004
Blackmore, S. Our civilisation will survive the coming climate catastrophe.
Borenstein, S. UN report says climate change man-made. Associated Press; 2 Feb. 2007
global strategic alliances that exist between two companies in the computer industry. Hewlett Packard and SAP are the two companies selected for evaluations here. A brief overview of the companies will be provided. HP is a leading provider of products, technologies, solutions and services to consumers and businesses. HP offers services spanning IT infrastructure, personal computing and access devices, global services, and imaging and printing. (HP.com, 2005) William Hewlett and David Packard founded the company in 1939. The company now has 140,000 employees with capabilities in 160 countries. Today, HP conducts business in 43 currencies and 15 languages. HP essentially offered hardware components for the computer and the technology industry. Their main product lines included computers, printers, monitors and other peripheral devices for computers. "HP is #1 globally in inkjet, all-in-one and single-function printers, mono and color laser printers, large format printing, scanners, print servers, and ink and laser supplies."…
References
Al-Mashari, Majed. "Enterprise Resource Planning (Erp) Systems: A Research Agenda." Industrial Management + Data Systems. 103.1/2 (2003): 22-27.
BusinessWeek. "Online Extra: Q& a with Carly Fiorina." Business Week Online February 19, 2001.
Dvorak, John C. "Hp Gobbles Compaq." PC Magazine September 5, 2001.
EQUIS. "Sap and Hp Team for Midmarket Hosting Model (Manufacturing Business Technology)." Executive Quote and Information Service: EQUIS. (2005).
global operations of a U.S. company Hewlett Packard (H.P.). The company has 88,500 employees worldwide and had total revenue from continuing operations of $48.8 billion in its 2000 fiscal year. Hewlett-Packard Company is considered a leading global provider of computing and imaging solutions and services, which aims at making technology and its benefits accessible to individuals and businesses through simple appliances, useful e-services and an Internet infrastructure that's always on.
ecently Hewlett Peckard (HP) has begun to integrate a significant amount of its workforce at its new facility in the IT capital of India. In addition, H.P. has been doing business for a long-time in Europe and other parts of Asia -- Korea, Japan, and Singapore. Some of these operations -- backend IT services, customer call services, and other tactical operations -- are being done in pursuit of its cost management issues throughout its operations. As a result of outsourcing,…
References
Kotler, Philip and Armstrong, Gary. Principles of Marketing. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1993.
Kotler, Philip. Marketing Management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1991.
Global Environment
AT&T
AT&T's code of ethics can be found on its ATT.com website (2014). The code exists in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, according to the company. The code contains nine items: honest and ethical conduct, conflicts of interest, disclosure, compliance, reporting and accountability, corporate opportunities, confidentiality, fair dealing and protection and proper use of company assets. Under each category, the company explains its policies. Under "honest and ethical conduct," AT&T says it will "act with integrity," using a synonym to make a redundant statement. It also says it will "observe both the form and spirit of laws and government rules and regulations," which is the same as line IV, compliance. It will "adhere to a high standard of business ethics," another redundant statement, and without defining "high standard."
The company rather curiously defines "conflict of interest:" as arising when a personal interest interferes…
References
A&T Code of Conduct. (2014). Retrieved February 18, 2014 from http://www.att.com/gen/investor-relations?pid=5595
AT&T (2013) AT&T global supplier diversity. AT&T. Retrieved February 18, 2014 from http://www.att.com/gen/corporate-citizenship?pid=17724
Holmes, A. (2014). AT&T buoyed in lobbying push against spectrum auction limits. Center for Public Integrity. Retrieved February 18, 2014 from www.publicintegrity.org/2014/01/07/14081/att-buoyed-lobbying-push-against-spectrum-auction-limits
Saint Louis University. (2013). $1 million AT&T contribution to support global education initiatives. Saint Louis University. Retrieved February 18, 2014 from http://www.slu.edu/x87581.xml
Global Communications
The world of global communication is storied, vast and wide. It can also be very treacherous and unpredictable for people that are not in the know about what is involved, why things have to be done a certain way and so forth. This report will be a brief literature review of three articles that all pertain to global communications. The articles will relate to web-enabling for competitive advantage, the role of entrepreneurial networks in the exploration and exploitation of certain peoples and a case study about one of IBM's newer corporate volunteer programs. While these articles may seem to be about different things, they are all part of the different pieces and parts to the global communications landscape and all are worth of at least a cursory review. All of these articles pertain to the practice of business using global communications in the right way, the wrong way…
References
Kok, A. (2015). Demystifying Organizational Learning. Kellogg College, 1(1), 596-600.
Motiwalla, L., & Hashimi, A. (2003). Web-Enabling for Competitive Advantage. Journal Of Cases On Information Technology, 5(1), 274-289. doi:10.4018/978-1-59140-
061-5.ch018
Vasilchenko, E. (2011). The Role of Entrepreneurial Networks in the Exploration and Exploitation of Internationalization Opportunities by Information and Communication Technology Firms. Journal Of International Marketing, 1(1), 88-92.
Global Leadership
One of the trends that has emerged in strategic management over the last generation is how organizations can better position themselves to deal with diversity. As globalization continues to spread its influence, many multinational corporations have to actively manage global teams in a dynamic environment. This requires that global teams overcome diversity in stride with strategic objectives. William Pieroni, chief operations officer at Marsh who is a global leader in insurance broking and risk management shared his tactics for managing global teams with students at the Yale School of Management; Marsh has 25,000 employees based in 150 countries around the world (Yale School of Management, 2015).
"As the manager of large global teams, your job is to direct, align, and motivate all these people all over the world," Pieroni said. "And you can't be ambiguous." While each office within a large, multinational corporation has its own "unique, local…
References
Minbaeva, D., Pedersen, T., Bjorkman, I., Fey, C., & Park, H. (2003). MNC knowledge transfer, subsidary absorptive capacity, and HRM. Journal of International Business Studies, 34(6), 581-599.
Sarkar, M., & Cavusgil, T. (2007). Trends in international business thought and literature: A review of international market entry mode research: Integration and synthesis. International Business Review, 825-847.
Tsai, W. (2001). Knowldedge Transfer in Introgranizational Networks. The Academy of Management Journal, 996-1004.
Yale School of Management. (2015, November). Marsh COO William Pieroni on Managing Global Teams. Retrieved from Yale School of Management: http://som.yale.edu/news/2015/11/marsh-coo-william-pieroni-managing-global-teams
Global Law and Politics:
Political and legal institutions and communications have played an integral role in the development and provision of legitimacy in contemporary societies. This has been through the development of obligatory collective decisions, general legal principles, exercise of political power, and resolution of conflicts. In the new global system, these legal and political institutions have created and conveyed social values, political power, and social meaning in every sector of the society. Both of the institutions are considered as legitimate because they have been established on core values that are related to essential freedoms, the rule of law, and democracy.
Aspects of a New Global System:
Modern societies across the globe are faced with critical issues and problems that are dealt with at the global level by the establishment of laws and policies, which are developed in various institutions. Global law and politics has had a significant impact on…
References:
Concannon, T (2004), Chapter 5 - Resource Exploitation in Nigeria, Pambazuka News, viewed
27 December 2011,
Ejimeke, A (2010), The Oil Spills We Don't Hear About, The New York Times, viewed 27
December 2011,
Global warming occurs due to the rise in temperature. The trapping of light and heat from the sun causes this rising of temperature. Nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor are the green house gases, these gases trap the light and heat from the sun, and as a result, the temperature rises. This global warming hurts a large number of people, plants and animals living in the earth. There are many reasons due to which global arming is increasing day by day. Human beings also cause global warming but many other things are also responsible for it (Maslin, 2006).
The main activity that human beings perform due to which global warming occurs is to flaming the fossil fuels. Whiled riving a car, carbon dioxide is released in the atmosphere. This increases the greenhouse effect. In addition to this, jet fuel in the airplane also contributes in releasing the carbon…
References
Archer, D. (2011). Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
Karling, H.M. (2011). Global Climate Change. Huntington, NY: Nova Science Publ.
Maslin, M. (2006). Global Warming: Causes, Effects, and the Future. Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press.
While global warming is still hotly debated global pollution is already a fact. An environmentally sustainable development plan is the need of the hour.
ibliography
1) University of East Anglia (2009, November 17). 'Fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions up by 29% since 2000.' ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 9, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091117133504.htm
2) NGC, 'Acid Rain', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from,, http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/acid-rain-overview.html
3) WHO, (2006), 'Indoor air pollution. 4000 deaths a day must no longer be ignored', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from, http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/84/7/editorial30706html/en/index.html
4) lacksmith Institute, (2009) 'Pollution Facts, Retrieved December 9, 2009, from, 'http://www.worstpolluted.org/pollution-facts-2009.html
5) U.S. PIRG Education Fund, (Jan 2005), 'Pollution on the Rise: Local Trends in Power Plant Pollution', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from http://cdn.publicinterestnetwork.org/assets/0kExFsxeEE6g_YLDhOxTAA/Pollution_On_The_Rise.pdf
6) NASA, 'NASA Satellite Measure Pollution from East Asia to North America', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from, http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/pollution_measure.html
7) EEA Report, (2008) 'Greenhouse Gas Emission Trends and Production in Europe 2008', retrieved Dec 9th…
Bibliography
1) University of East Anglia (2009, November 17). 'Fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions up by 29% since 2000.' ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 9, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091117133504.htm
2) NGC, 'Acid Rain', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from,, http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/acid-rain-overview.html
3) WHO, (2006), 'Indoor air pollution. 4000 deaths a day must no longer be ignored', retrieved Dec 9th 2009, from, http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/84/7/editorial30706html/en/index.html
4) Blacksmith Institute, (2009) 'Pollution Facts, Retrieved December 9, 2009, from, ' http://www.worstpolluted.org/pollution-facts-2009.html
Global Warming
Major Issues of the 21st Century: Who is Responsible for Addressing Global Warming?
Global warming is one of the most pressing issues in the 21st century. In the last few decades, the world has experienced higher temperatures, increased melting of ice caps, rising sea levels, more regular and more adverse weather events (such as storms, floods, heat waves, and drought), and changing rainfall patterns. We have also observed increased rain and ocean acidification, desert expansion, as well as greater species endangerment. These occurrences have largely been linked to human activity, particularly air pollution, burning of fossil fuels, greenhouse gas emissions, industrialization, and deforestation. The issue is so pressing that it threatens the ability of future generations to sustain their lives, which is ethically unfair. Indeed, global warming threatens food security, human health, human and non-human survival, as well as socioeconomic stability in the future (Cummins, 2014; Justin, 2015).…
Global Systems
Vitousek, et al. Issues
Vitousek says the major sources of land transformation are pastureland, agriculture, and urban industrial activity. Agriculture (fisheries, artificial environments, row-crops) are high on the list of land transformation, urban industrial activity medium, and pure pastureland low, depending on human involvement.
Humans alter the oceans in many ways, although some are not easy to quantify. Population centers are concentrated near coastal areas and coastal wetlands are also altered. Fishing alters the ecology of the oceans by focusing on the top predators and throwing the system out of balance. Pollutants and other man-made activities cause algal blooms that are toxic to the ecology of the oceans as well. It is the relationship between the different parts of the food chain that are most effected by human involvement.
Part 3 -- The earth can be viewed as a system concept, with the forests the lungs, the waters…
Global Marketing
According to Cleveland and Laroche (2007), the global consumer is characterized as someone who fits in with global consumer culture. This is a culture that has certain characteristics that are static internationally, such that the global consumer can be subject to global marketing. The global consumer is understood in contrast to the local consumer. The local consumer bears strong characteristics of the local market, in their tastes and buying patterns. The global consumer trends more towards international norms. The global consumer is aware of and has some preference for international products and bears similarity to international buying patterns. In essence, the global consumer in Shanghai will have tastes and characteristics that relate more to other global consumers in Vancouver, London or Mumbai than to the people of the local Shanghai market.
Global consumers have emerged as the result of two key trends, identified in Czinkota and onkainen (2013).…
References:
Andersson, S. & Servais, P. (2010). Combining industrial buyer and seller strategies for international supply and marketing management. European Business Review. Vol. 22 (1) 64-81.
Balabanis, G. & Diamatopoulos, A. (2004). Domestic country bias, country-of-origin effects and consumer ethnocentrism: A multidimensional unfolding approach. Academy of Marketing Science Journal. Vol. 32 (1) 80-95.
Cleveland, M. & Laroche, M. (2007). Acculturation to the global consumer culture: Scale development and research paradigm. Journal of Business Research. Vol. 60 (3) 249-259.
Czinkota, M. & Ronkainen, I. (2013). International Marketing. South-Western College Publishing.
al.).
A direct effect of the endeavor performed by environmental agencies and programs like the 1970 Clean Air Act is the fact that the level of certain pollutants slowly decreased ever since the 80s. Even with that, such successes are rare and a great deal of the progress experienced in the time period lasting from the 70s and until the end of the twentieth century have been forgotten as pollution once again became a serious issue in Houston. During the recent decade emission levels have steadily increased as people failed to realize that they first have to discover which pollutants harm them the most and to act in accordance with this discovery (Sexton et. al.).
What most cannot understand is that air pollution is a direct effect of their living style and in order to decrease emission levels and to eventually stop pollution they have to change much about the…
Bibliography:
1. McNulty, Sheila. Air pollution: Houston's other environmental disaster." Financial Times. September 12, 2010.
2. Sexton, Ken; Linder, Stephen H.; Marko, Dritana; Bethel, Heidi; & Lupo, Philip J. "Comparative Assessment of Air Pollution-Related Health Risks in Houston," Environmental Health Perspectives 115.10 (2007)
3. "Getting the Big Picture on Houston's Air Pollution." Retrieved September 22, 2010, from the NASA Website: http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/everydaylife/archives/HP_ILP_Feature_03.html
Global Strategic Business
Strategic Global Business Strategies
Globalization has become a ubiquitously used word in a relatively short time. Much of this globalization trend is centered on international economic systems becoming more intertwined which have been largely technologically driven. Technology has provided a platform in which has increased the speed of information transfer and consequently provided corporation more feasible access to foreign markets. As a result of globalization, many multi-national corporations (MNCs) have begun to drive a level of homogenization throughout the international business community. Standardizing processes and incorporating technology on a global scale creates much efficiency that can reduce redundancies in business processes. This advantage has produced enormous MNCs and the trend will continue to grow indefinitely. Four issues related to this trend were chosen from a current model of global corporate dominance and will be discussed in order to provide insights on strategies in the globalized environment (Anil,…
Works Cited
Anil, G., V. Govindarajan and H. Wang. The Quest for Global Dominance: Transforming Global Presence into Global Competitive Advantage. New York: Jossey-Bass, 2008. Book.
Minbaeva, D., et al. "MNC knowledge transfer, subsidary absorptive capacity, and HRM." Journal of International Business Studies 34.6 (2003): 581-599. Web.
Conclusion:
The resolution of this policy counsel meeting is the endorsement of a refinement of Australia's terror policy with respect both to the preservation of constitutional rights and in terms of approach its relationship to the United States with balance and diplomacy. Recognizing the severity the security threat but simultaneously recognizing the need to refine policies so as to diminish the tendency toward inflaming the political and ideological anger of the developing world, Australia must spend the coming decades finding ways to quell such hostility. This will mean a closer consideration of the economic, political and trade policies that often have run aground of the interests of the developing world. Likewise, it means that Australia must function as a continued partner to the U.S. But also as a voice of conscience with respect to the discretionary use of military force or diplomatic finesse.
orks Cited:
Aly, a. (2007). Australian Muslim…
Works Cited:
Aly, a. (2007). Australian Muslim Responses to the Discourse on Terrorism in the Australian Popular Media. Australian Journal of Social Issues, 42(1).
Australian Federal Police (AFP). (2009). Fighting Terrorism in Australia. www.afp.gov.au
BBC News. (2006). Australian Loses Terrorism Appeal. BBC News.
Brown, M. (2009). Al-Shabaab terrorists 'living in Australia.' ABC News. Online at http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/09/23/2693927.htm?section=justin
Global Payments Hack
With the new advancements of technology comes the many risks and dangers is also carries along. The evolution of the internet and connect-ability technology has brought everyone closer and has nearly eliminated many communication barriers that have been present throughout recorded history. These new advances have also accompanied a rise in cyber criminals, wishing to invade a person's or business' digital information. The purpose of this essay is to examine computer hacking and hacking processes that pose risks and dangers to society. The essay will use the company Global Payments as an example of how a hacking problems effects many and highlights the dangers involved in our digital world.
This essay will view Global Payments and their hacking problem from a third party accounting system point-of-view. The company's security assessment will be analyzed and different software issues will be discussed. Finally the essay will conclude by offering…
References
Dignan, L. (2012). Cost of Global Payments hack likely manageable. CNet, 1 April, 2013. Retrieved from http://news.cnet.com/8301-1009_3-57407787-83/cost-of-global - payments-hack-likely-manageable/
Dubois, S. (2011). What it actually takes to prevent a hack attack. CNN, 11 July 2011. Retrieved from http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/07/11/what-it-actually-takes-to- prevent-a-hack-attack/
Global Payments Website. Viewed 1 May 2013. Retrieved from http://www.globalpaymentsinc.com/USA/productsServices/index.html
Kitten, T. (2013). Global Closes Breach Investigation. Bank Info Security, 15 April 2013. Retrieved from http://www.bankinfosecurity.com/global-closes-breach-investigation-a- 5684
Global and National Hunger
Hunger can be described as a physical sensation of desiring food. Usually even the highly privileged may experience mild hunger, however brief experience will never be harmful. People suffering from hunger are a larger scale reference to individuals who are unable to eat sufficient food in meeting their basic nutritional needs for a sustained period of time. A large proportion of the world's populations are affected by hunger throughout history. Occasionally it result originates from plagues, war or adverse weather changes.
Several inter-related issues that cause hunger tend to be related to economic as well as other factors that cause poverty. A part from the named above causes of hunger we have drought, famine, diversification of land use to non-productive use, poor eating habit, inefficient agriculture, land right and ownership as other causes of hunger, (Anup Shah, 2010). As we try to solve the problem of…
References Anup Shah, ( 2010). Solving World Hunger Means Solving World Poverty" Retrieved November 4, 2012 from http://www.globalissues.org/article/8/solving-world-hunger-means-solving-world-poverty
Miguel De La Torre, (2012). Will You Eat Less to Reduce Global Hunger? Retrieved November 4, 2012 from http://www.ethicsdaily.com/will-you-eat-less-to-reduce-global-hunger -- cms-19941
World Hunger Education Service, (2011). "2012 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics" Retrieved November 4, 2012 from http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm
One of the most notable of them is the inferiority of women in the Middle East as compared to their equality with men in the West. Another example is constituted by the societies in Africa where children still die of starvation, where medicine is unavailable and where the elderly are in their 30s. In Angola and Zambia for instance, the life expectancy at birth is of 38 years -- the lowest at the global level (Central Intelligence Agency, 2010). The list of examples could go on, but fact remains that the cultural differences of states teach the individual of the importance of safeguarding human rights and supporting wealth and stability throughout the planet. Both environmental and social teachings motivate the individual to become more responsible and take action to make the world a better place.
C. Personal and group influences on other groups and cultures
The believes, attitudes, actions, values…
References:
Hinz, M.O., Gatter, F.T., Global responsibility -- local agenda: the legitimacy of modern self-determination and African traditional authority, LIT Verlag Munster, 2006
Lenk, H., Global technoscience and responsibility: schemes applied to human values, technology, creativity and globalization, LIT Verlag Munster, 2007
Leonard, A., The story of stuff, http://www.storyofstuff.com / last accessed on October 13, 2010
The world factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2010, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html?countryName=Kuwait&countryCode=ku®ionCode=me&rank=52#ku last accessed on October 13, 2010
The costs of research to establish such viability should also be calculated before considering expansion to foreign markets.
When initially globalizing then, it is perhaps wiser to expand to markets that are culturally and economically closer to the domestic market, with expansion to markets that are further removed considered only when the domestic clientele is sufficiently representative of the foreign market.
Other economic factors influencing global marketing decisions include issues such as countries under structural adjustment, foreign currency restrictions, as well as political involvement in economic issues. These should be carefully considered in global marketing. Examples of such countries are many eastern countries such as China. This country has recently undergone extreme changes in terms of not only politics, but also in economics. Taxation and currency laws are thus still in a process of transition, and some industries would be more successful than others in this country.
Cultural Factors
Cultural…
Global Business Cultural Analysis
Nigeria
Nigerian History
Synopsis of Nigerian government
Nigerian monarchy to presidential system
The evolution of Nigeria from British control to a civilian democratic government
Nigerian major commodities
Oil
Food
The major elements and dimensions of culture in Nigeria
Cultural dimensions
Individualism
Power distance
Masculinity
Uncertainty
Model of culture
Universalism or Particularize
How is the integration of elements and dimensions that Nigerians doing business in the country?
The effects of governments on the prospects for its business around the world
How the elements and dimensions compared with the United States, culture, and business?
The role of women in the workplace
Business visitors must be dressed in an elegant and tie (for men!)
Cross-cultural business transactions between the United States and Nigeria
Conclusion
eferences
Abstract
Thurstan Shaw and Steve Daniels, who are the founder for archaeological research proved in their research that Nigeria has been developed since 9,000…
References
Afolayan, T.E. (2011). Coming To America: The Social and Economic Mobility of African Immigrants in the United States. Inquiry (University of New Hampshire), 6-11. Retrieved from EBSCO host.
http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=60705725&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Alutu, O.E., & Udhawuve, M.L. (2009). Unethical Practices in Nigerian Engineering Industries: Complications for Project Management. Journal of Management in Engineering, 25(1), 40-43. Doi: 10.1061 / (ASCE) 0742-597X (2009)25:1(40)
http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=35745908&site=ehost-live&scope=site
International trade permits the companies that interact in the international commercial environment to explore other opportunities existent on the market, and the letter of credit gives advantages for every interested party. Economic growth is enhanced by increased commercial activity, due to some extent to the development of these payment instruments, like the letter of credit.
The letter of credit is used by many commercial players in the world market, especially for the individual advantages and benefits it brings. From the seller's point-of-view, the letter of credit promotes certainty that all the conditions mentioned in the import-export contract are integrally observed, within the established period and the amounts stipulated in the documentation. The Seller may also offer the buyer a supplier credit, having a specific financing method: the submitted documentation is discounted under the particular export letter of credit - in this way, the payment will be made by the payer's…
Bibliography
1. Koudriachov, S. 'The Application of the Letter of Credit Form of Payment in International Business Transactions' (2001) 10 Int'l Trade L.J. p. 37
2. Aaron Larson - 'The Letter of Credit' - Law Office of Aaron Larson, definitions and examples found on Expert Law library, August 2004. http://www.expertlaw.com/library/finance/letter_of_credit.html
3. Marget L. Moses - 'Controlling the Letter of Credit Transaction' - Connell Folley Attorneys at Law office http://www.connellfoley.com/articles/moses1.html
These effects would be unfairly harsh on developing nations, who had little to do with creating the problem; this is one of the reasons that recent international talks in Copenhagen have stalled (WGW 2009). Not only would these countries not be able to develop as quickly and have healthier populations and more stable governments, but industrialized nations would also see negative economic impacts, making many wary of making any major transitions without a more certain analysis of the problem of global warming, and of a human cause behind it.
The Effects of Global Warming
Even if global warming isn't real, or if human emissions aren't behind it, the possible consequences and tangential downsides to the continued release of carbon dioxide and an increase in global warming warrant taking steps to find cleaner fuels and sources of energy. Warmer temperatures would lead directly to more frequent and more violent storms and…
References
Bryner, J. (2006). "Climate Change Has Animals Heading for the Hills." LiveScience. Accessed 13 December 2009. http://www.livescience.com/environment/061214_animals_retreat.html
Howden, D. (2007). "Deforestation: The hidden cause of global warming." The independent 14 May. Accessed 12 December 2009. http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/deforestation-the-hidden-cause-of-global-warming-448734.html
JunkScience (2007). "The real "inconvenient truth." JunkScience.com. Accessed 13 December 2009. http://www.junkscience.com/Greenhouse/
NASA. (2009). "Global warming." World Book at NASA. Accessed 13 December 2009. http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/global_warming_worldbook.html
Global Marketing -- Country Penetration Strategies
Global Marketing
Global marketing refers to the degree to which a business organization strategizes to operate in an international market in a competitive way. This paper focuses on the Country Penetration strategies that are formulated to ensure a potential entry and a sustainable future into a new international market (Lord & anft, 2000). The increasing trend towards Globalization has opened attractive opportunities for large-size organizations to expand their business operations in potential international markets. In order to thrive and develop their strong presence in those markets, organizations need to perform a comprehensive situational analysis and formulate marketing strategies so that they can avail the attractive opportunities and encounter the possible threats (Lord & anft, 2000).
This paper covers all those country penetration strategies that are devised by large MNCs when they target some international market as a part of their expansion or growth strategy.…
References
Achrol, R., S., (1991). Evolution of the Marketing Organization: New Forms for Turbulent Environments, the Journal of Marketing, American Marketing Association, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Oct., 1991), pp. 77-93
Dickson, P., & Ginter, J., (1987). Market Segmentation, Product Differentiation, and Marketing Strategy, the Journal of Marketing, American Marketing Association, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 1-10
Farley, J., (1964). Why Does "Brand Loyalty" Vary our Products? The Journal of Marketing, American Marketing Association, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 9-12
Gronroos, C., (1994). From Marketing Mix to Relationship Marketing: Towards a Paradigm Shift in Marketing, Management Decision, Vol. 32 Issue 2, pp. 4-20
GLOBAL FINANCE, INC. (GFI)
IT ISK ASSESSMENT PAPE
When it comes to the risk assessment of Global Finance, Inc. there were identified vulnerabilities that were occurring in the locations of Technical Security, Management, and Operational. Vulnerabilities at the company are looked at as being weaknesses that could possibly be oppressed by a group of threats or just threats in general. Basically, all of these vulnerabilities are able to be alleviated by safeguards that are recommended. These safeguards are security features and certain controls that, when included or added in the information technology environment, alleviate the risk that is connected with the operation to what are the manageable levels. However, a complete conversation of the vulnerabilities and suggested safeguards are discovered in this report. If the safeguards suggested in this risk assessment are not applied, the outcome could be alteration or damage of data, disclosure of sensitive information, or denial of…
References
Gregory, L.M. (2011). CISSP for Dummies. New York.
Krause, H.F. (2009). Information Security Management Handbook. New York City.
Risk Management: The Importance of Redundant Backups. (21, November 2012). Retrieved from Softlayer: http://blog.softlayer.com/2012/risk-management-the-importance-of-redundant-backups
It was hoped in the past there would be laws and regulations in place that required mandatory reductions in greenhouse gases that were put into the atmosphere. The Kyoto Protocol would have seen to this, but the U.S. rejected it. It still remains to be seen whether Obama's Administration will make renewable energy a real possibility and lower the number of greenhouse gases that are put into the environment.
Regulating greenhouse gases does not guarantee that climate change will stop or be reversed, but these kinds of gases are not good for people anyway, so there is nothing wrong with regulating them. However, the rising sea levels and rising temperatures could be cyclical and not really related to greenhouse gases or anything else that humans are doing. If that is the case, regulating the greenhouse gases and making other environmental changes will not help anything. Getting too worried about this…
Bibliography
Healy, J. Kevin and Tapick, Jeffrey M. (2004). "Climate change: It's not just a policy issue for corporate counsel -- It's a legal problem," 29 Columbia Journal of Environmental Law 89, 96.
Global Warming
The Debate of Global Warming
Global Warming is a serious problem for our planet and our generation. This is a topic of much concern and debate. The climate change in our environment has been the center of many debates. Global warming is the increase in temperature in the earth's surface and in the oceans. This increase in temperature and potential continued increase in temperature is a significant threat to the environment and planet earth as we know it. This type of imbalance in the environment can impact us significantly. Scientist believes that there are things we can do as a society to prevent this horrible change in climate.
There are some natural causes that create the climate changes. One of the natural causes is the release of methane gas from the arctic tundra and wetlands. The greenhouse gas is a gas that collects heat and keeps it stored…
References
Climate Change Information Resources (2004). What causes global climate change? Retrieved from http://ccir.ciesin.columbia.edu/nyc/pdf/q1a.pdf
Environment News Service (2002). U.S. Report Links Human Actions to Global Warming. Retrieved from http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/jun2002/2002-06-03-02.asp
Langdon, K. (2003). Human Activity and Global Warming. Journal of the Prometheus Society. 140. Retrieved from http://www.polymath-systems.com/pubpol/globwarm.html
Global Warming: Is it Really a Threat?
Global warming has become a modern issue of considerable significance. It has been the subject of many debates, articles and conferences. Despite the amount of debate around the issue, there is still no clear conclusion. Yet the possible consequences that are attributed to the threat are highly concerning. As one report describes:
The most recent projections of state-of-the-art computer models of the Earth's climate (GCMs) have projected a globally averaged warming ranging from almost 3 to 10.7 degrees F. over the next 100 years, if greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere at the current rate. Climate scientists believe that such a warming could shift temperature zones, rainfall patterns, and agricultural belts and, under certain scenarios, and cause sea level to rise. They further predict that global warming could have far-reaching effects -- some positive, some negative depending how it may be…
Bibliography
CGER: Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources. 2000. Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change. National Academy Press: Washington DC.
Justus, J.R., & Fletcher, S.R. 2002. IB89005: Global Climate Change. Congressional Research Service: Washington DC.
Kaufman, Y. 2002. On The Shoulders of Giants: Milutin Malinkovitch (1879-1958). NASA. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov:81/Library/Giants/Milankovitch/index.html
Magnuson, J.J., Robertson, D.M., Benson, B.J., Wynne, R.H., Livingstone, D.M., Arai, T., Assel, R.A., Barry, R.G., Card, V., Kuusisto, E., Granin, N.G, Prowse, T.D., Stewart, K.M., & Vuglinski, V.S. 2000. Historical Trends in Lake and River Ice Cover in the Northern Hemisphere. Science 289: 1743-1746.
Global Financial Strategy
Critical assessment of the proposal to raise capital locally rather than in the UK
In the analysis of the proposal of raising capital locally rather than in the UK, it is essential to consider four critical aspects: costs, risks, benefits/advantages, and limitations/disadvantages. In the presentation of this critical assessment, the focus will be on the four factors or aspect in order to offer reliable analysis of the situation.
Costs
In the process of raising capital locally rather than in the UK, the organization must incur several costs. One of the essential costs is the professional cost. This refers to the amount of money or financial resources paid to the legal advisors, auditors, and reporting accountants in order to execute the process of raising the capital effectively and appropriately. Another important aspect of cost is the trading cost. These are direct costs including the brokerage commissions and financial…
References
Burnham, P 2010, 'Class, Capital and Crisis: A Return to Fundamentals', Political Studies Review, 8, 1, pp. 27-39,
Carvalhal, A, & Camara Leal, R 2013, 'The World Financial Crisis and the International Financing of Brazilian Companies', Brazilian Administration Review (BAR), 10, 1, pp. 18-39,
'Chad' 2013, Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition, pp. 1-3,
Chana Kok, T, & Yap Voon, C 2011, 'Risk Factors of Commercial Banks in Malaysia', Journal Of Modern Accounting & Auditing, 7, 6, pp. 578-587,
Global Warming: Fact ather Than Fiction
The focus of this paper is on global warming and its causes. In the introduction phase, we have given a brief overview of the problem alongside a brief look at the details of the problem itself. It is mentioned here that how much change has actually recorded in the previous decades and what the future might hold on for the planet if the trend keeps on going as it is right now. It has also mentioned the consequences of rise in temperatures which can result in many different scenarios.
We then focused on the causes of the problem and again had a brief overview of it, the causes were divided into two main sections and proper emphasis was given on one of it in order to give the root cause of the phenomena. The discussion phase have a more in-depth look at the causes…
References
Johansen, B. (2002). The Global Warming Desk Reference. Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
Uzawa, H. (2003). Economic Theory and Global Warming. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Press.
Weart, S. (2003). The Discovery of Global Warming. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Press.
Harris, P. (2003). Global Warming and East Asia. New York: Routledge.
Environment Science education and its effect on Students' Improvement
Does the current curriculum actually improve the student's decision making regarding environmental issues?
Sample Size and Sampling Method
Time Frame for the Study
Scope and Limitations
Budgetary Plan
Current Environmental Science Curriculum
Is the current curriculum design actually improves the decision making regarding environmental issues?
For years it has been a tough job to implement the appropriate environmental education in the colleges. esearch in the field has pointed out several challenges in the creation of effective environmental curricula. esearchers also examined different strategies being used for the promotion of student awareness as well as fostering them to engage in the ever changing circumstances. The empirical research studies have made it clear that just acquiring the information on the environment science and ecology is not enough to motivate students to practically participate in environment protection. For the motivation there is a need…
References
Balgopal, M., & Wallace, A. (2009). Decisions and dilemmas: Using writing to learn activities to increase ecological literacy. Journal of Environmental Education, 40(13), 13 -- 22.
Balgopal, M., & Wallace, A. (2009). Decisions and dilemmas: Using writing to learn activities to increase ecological literacy. Journal of Environmental Education, 40(13), 13 -- 22.
Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an ecology of mind. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Biriukova, N. (2005).The formation of an ecological consciousness. Russian Education and Society, 47(12), 34 -- 45.
The company offers training sessions for their staff members and presents them with several incentives, such as discounts on the organization's services or employee empowerment. This virtually means that the individual staff members are valued as vital organizational assets, and their input is considered throughout the decision making process.
The second component of the transportation and logistics infrastructure is given by the fleet. This is composed from the following:
654 aircraft fleet, out of which 71 are Airbus A300; 56 are Airbus A310; 13 are AT 72s; 26 are ATT 42s; 79 are Boeing 727; 1 is Boeing DC10 (10s); 6 are Boeing DC10 (30s); 57 are Boeing MD 10 (10s); 12 are Boeing MD 10 (30s); 57 are Boeing MD (11s); 10 are Cessna 208As; 242 are Cessna 208Bs and finally, 24 are Boeing 757-200s
43,000 vehicle fleet over 100,000 power ships over 2 million ships and ship managers…
References:
Marc h 16, 1995, FedEx Extends Tracking and Information Capabilities to America Online Users; Federal Express Customers already Using Services on FedEx Internet Worldwide Web Home Page, Business Wire
2000, FedEx Corporation SEC Filling, http://apps.shareholder.com/sec/viewerContent.aspx?companyid=FDX&docid=784953 last accessed on January 18, 2010
2010, FedEx Corporation, Hoovers, http://hoovers.com/company/FedEx_Corporation/rfhhti-1-1njdap.html last accessed on January 18, 2010
2010, The 9 Faces of Leadership, Fast Company, http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/13/9faces.html last accessed on January 18, 2010