Culture and Globalization evised
Human Culture has rapidly changed over the centuries. This change occurred primarily through the mixing of different cultures over time . As new ideas and ways of improving life are adopted into the lifestyles of different people groups. In early civilizations agriculture was based on groups working together to locate and distribute food based on the natural skill sets of members of the groups. Some being natural organizers, others hunters, others leaders and some builders. As people begin to travel by foot, land, sea they came into contact with other cultures and learned from them. Developing the language, tools, agricultural processes to take better care of their own people groups and even taking advantage of weaker cultures by enslaving them for advantage. The small groups of hunters and gatherers from ancient civilizations became educated over time as they were introduced to new ways of life. They learned…...
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References
(Scanned Document) Culture Change and Globalization. Chapter 13.
Human Culture -- hat is Human Culture?
According to the Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition (CARLA) at the University of Minnesota, many social scientists see culture as " ... consisting primarily of the symbolic, ideational, and intangible aspects of human societies" (Banks, 1989). But that is a short-sighted approach, according to Banks Professor of Diversity Studies at the University of ashington. The true reality of culture -- any culture -- is not its "artifacts, tools, or other tangible cultural elements," but rather how people in the group employ and embrace those tools, artifacts and other cultural elements (Banks). In other words, how people within a culture interact with their surroundings. hat human culture boils down to are the symbols, the perspectives, and values " ... that distinguish one people from another" (Banks). In essence, people in different cultures interpret the importance of behaviors, symbols, and artifacts differently, which gives…...
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Works Cited
Banks, J.A., McGee, C.A., and Banks, M. (2009). Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Center for Advance Research on Language Acquisition. (2013). What is Culture? Retrieved
Anatomy Affects Human Culture and Behavior
The human anatomy plays an extremely important part in human culture and behavior. One of the indisputable facets about human anatomy that helps to distinguish it from that of other living creatures is the structure and build of our lungs and respiratory systems. Our respiratory systems are considerably different from those of amphibians and from conventional sea-dwelling creatures such as fish and whales. Because of the way our bodies are designed to intake oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide (Johnson), we are land dwellers whereas the other mentioned species have anatomies that make them adaptive to water. Sea creatures have certain aspects of their anatomies that make it essential for them to stay within water to derive oxygen for living. People, however, are the exact opposite and need fresh air -- which is impossible to procure underwater.
hat is significant about these facts is that these…...
Human culture varies tremendously from society to society and establishes what behaviors are considered normal within each given community (Henslin, 2008 p. 130). To a great degree, cultural norms, values, and expectations are completely arbitrary situational factors because the identical external behavior can have diametrically opposite connotations based purely on local custom. For example, burping after a meal is highly offensive in some cultures but considered an appropriate sign of contentment with the meal in others. All cultural norms reflect social learning in that individuals come to learn, internalize, and manifest whatever behaviors are promoted by their respective cultures (Henslin, 2008 p. 131). Deviance is also a common theme in human societies and reflects the choices of some individuals to adopt unconventional norms, values, and expectations of subcultures that differ substantially from those of their dominant society (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2009 p. 576).
Gender, Sexual Preferences, and Practices
Social norms…...
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References
Gerrig, R., Zimbardo, P. (2009) Psychology and Life. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Henslin, J.M. (2008) Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach. Boston:
Pearson.
Macionis, J.J. (2007) Sociology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
In chiefdoms, power is often hereditary but in a state system political power it is usually not based on kinship. States are the most complex of the four main political structures. Large and densely-populated societies evolve into states because of the need for centralized political power.
The Basseri are a nomadic society that exhibits features of being a band, a tribe, and a chiefdom. For example, families often live together in tents, and each tent forms the basic social unit as with a band (Johnson). Many decisions are made with consensus, and task differentiation with regard to the acquisition of food is not stratified. However, the Basseri do have a rigid kinship-based centralized political system. Therefore, the Basseri are not a band or a tribe; they are a chiefdom. Political power is centralized even though the society is nomadic, and the Basseri government is hierarchical. Basseri culture is also hierarchical…...
Another psychological approach studied the physical basis for emotion. LeDoux (1995, p. 209+) noted, "Scientists concerned with human nature have not been able to reach a consensus about what emotion is and what place emotion should have in a theory of mind and behavior." He proposed, however, that "findings about the neural basis of emotion might also suggest new insights into the functional organization of emotion that were not apparent from psychological findings alone. The brain, in other words, can constrain and inform our ideas about the nature of emotion." This would seem to play into any discussion of genetics vs. culture as emotion is viewed, accurately or not, as a construct of societal norms in large part. Because fear is a common part of human life, LeDoux uses it to investigate his theories. "The expression of fear is conserved to a large extent across human cultures and at least…...
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Moore, J. (2002). Some thoughts on the relation between behavior analysis and behavioral neuroscience. The Psychological Record, 52(3), 261+. Retrieved November 19, 2004, from Questia database, http://www.questia.com .
Suh, Eunkook M. 2002. Cultural influences on personality. Annual Review of Psychology;
In histoy, in most of the Indian families, the inheitance of the estates of the family is left to the lineage of males in the family. Though since the yea 1956, the law in India has always teated females and males as equals in mattes of inheitance whee thee is no legal will witten. Cuently, Indians have become wise and ae using legal wills fo the inheitance and succession of popety. The usage of legal wills at of the yea 2004 stands at about 20%.
The ate of divoce in India is extemely low. It stands at 1% as compaed to 40% which is expeienced in the U.S. These statistics of divoce do not, howeve, give a complete pictue of the divoce situation in India. This is because many maiages that end up being split do so without a fomal divoce. Thee is a eseach gap in the scientific studies…...
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references. [Article]. Journal of Food Science, 69(4), SNQ191-SNQ192. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06362.x
Johnson, H. (2007). 'Happy Diwali!' Performance, Multicultural Soundscapes and Intervention in Aotearoa/New Zealand. [Article]. Ethnomusicology Forum, 16(1), 71-94. doi: 10.1080/17411910701276526
Kurien, P.A. (2006). Multiculturalism and "American" Religion: The Case of Hindu Indian-Americans. Social Forces, 85(2), 723-741.
Mandair, a. (2007). Interdictions: Language, Religion & the (dis)Orders of Indian Identity. [Article]. Social Identities, 13(3), 337-361. doi: 10.1080/13504630701363978
Culture is defined by the pattern of collective thoughts and behavior that people living in social groups learn, create and share. Characteristics within culture distinguish different groups from each other and highlight key differences between the human world and the animal kingdom. Anthropology emerged as a field of academic study of human culture in order to understand the diversity of the practices and values of different human populations.
With the advent of advanced technology, communication, and media capabilities, widespread globalization has emerged, resulting in an apparent decrease in the difference between cultures throughout the world. The results of this globalization may be observed in the homogeneity of certain aspects of pop culture, mostly due to media such as television and the internet. Although younger generations of people in different countries on different continents appear to behave similarly in a lot of respects, the question should be addressed as to whether…...
Acheology
THE ROLE OF CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE EVOLUTION OF HUMANITY
Undestanding the evolution of humanity has been one of the most citical quests fo most individuals in the cuent society. The intesection between envionmental influences and cultue ceates an aea of social inteest with a focus on human evolution. Empiical eseach shows that the society plays a significant ole in shaping the evolution of human beings as evidenced by psychological analysis of human evolution. The extaodinay coopeative natue of human beings aises moe questions on the peceived changes of human behavio and inteaction ove time (Hawkes, Paine, & School, 2006). Among the factos that dive human beings to stive to undestand thei evolution, include paleoanthopology esults that povide unique infomation that povides significant evidence to the aspects of human evolution postulated to have occued millions of yeas ago. Results fom fossil studies such as inceasing bain size and the emegence…...
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references: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12(01), 1 -- 14.
Croll, E., & Parkin, D. (2002). Bush Base, Forest Farm: Culture, Environment, and Development. Routledge.
Darlington, P.J. (1978). Altruism: Its characteristics and evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 75(1), 385 -- 389.
Eagly, A.H., & Wood, W. (1999). The origins of sex differences in human behavior: Evolved dispositions vs. social roles. American Psychologist, 54(6), 408 -- 423.
Foley, R. (1995). The adaptive legacy of human evolution: A search for the environment of evolutionary adaptedness. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, 4(6), 194 -- 203
Human Resources Best Practices: The Hershey Company
The Hershey Company (Hershey) is a world leader, not only in the manufacture of chocolate, but also in ethical behavior. Employing approximately 13,600 people worldwide, Hershey markets its products in 50 countries, with key markets in the United States, Canada, Mexico, India, China and Brazil (The Hershey Company, n.d.). Realizing the importance of ethics in its worldwide operations, Hershey is pointedly: "committed to being all-inclusive" (The Hershey Company, n.d.), deliberately courting prospective employees across the arrays of age, gender, race, ethnicity and sexual orientation; dedicated to mentoring as a means of enhancing the lives of its mentor/protege teams, their families, neighborhoods and beyond. As a result, Hershey has created a thriving organizational culture benefitting everyone it touches.
Diversity
Hershey's values and the Company's actions to support those values are clearly stated:
"e are committed to being all-inclusive and to realizing our vision of 'Great People Building Great…...
Human esource Management in International Business
Impact of Cultural Differences, Socioeconomic or Political Factors on international HM
Challenges to HM posed by growth in International Business
By looking at the changing trends of the world of commerce in recent times, one can significantly notice the fact that this business community is becoming more and more competitive. This clearly signifies the truth that the elevating competition within the community has given rise to international business where enterprises regardless of their size are expanding their operations within the global market. As an outcome of it, an efficient and effective work environment has become the fundamental necessity that can facilitate the organizations in maintaining strong holds in the market place as well as generate profits (Daly, 2011).
Considering the challenge of maintaining an effectual organizational culture, businesses need the asset of human resources, hence, they are considered as the foundation stone for any organization. This means that…...
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References
Briscoe, D., Schuler, R., & Tarique, I. (2012). International Human Resource Management, 4E. 4th Edition. USA: CRC Press.
Briscoe, D.R., & Schuler, R.S. (2004). International Human Resource Management: Policies and Practices for the Global Enterprise. 2nd Edition. USA: Routledge.
Cooke, W.N. (2003). Multinational Companies and Global Human Resource Strategies. USA: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Daly, J.L. (2011). Human Resource Management in the Public Sector: Policies and Practices. USA: M.E. Sharpe.
d.). For example, in the U.S., decisions are frequently delegated, that is, an official assigns responsibility for a particular matter to a subordinate. In many European nations, like Germany, there is a strong value placed on holding decision-making responsibilities oneself. When decisions are made by groups of people, majority rule is a common approach in the U.S. while in Germany consensus is the preferred mode. One should be conscious that peoples' expectations about their own part in shaping a resolution may be influenced by their cultural orientation (Spang & Ozcan, 2009).
The fifth difference is in attitudes toward disclosure. In some cultures, it is not fitting to be forthright about emotions, about the reasons behind a disagreement or a mix-up, or about personal information. When one is involved in a dialogue or when they are working with others or when they are dealing with a conflict, they should be mindful that…...
Human esources
With the advancement in ICT, management of organizations has undergone changes in the period of the 21st century otherwise known as the digital era. The organization's function of Human esource (H) has also changed so fast resulting in a changing environment of social and organizational terms, while information technologies have rapidly evolved. H has grown to be an essential component in firm sustainability. This has resulted in the formation of new practices and processes in H. Some of the new practices include an E-selection, E-performance, E-recruitment, and E-learning. This study identifies how General Motors can utilize H Portals as new HIS technology to foster employee management. With H portals, the use of Employee Self-service and Manager Self-service will be essential to the company's processes of recruitment, employee performance and other human resource management activities within General Motors (Schwalbe, 2010).
E-ecruiting and E-Selection
With the advancement in technology in areas of selection…...
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References
Harper, R. (2008). Inside the IMF: An ethnography of documents, technology and organizational action. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Pynes, J., & Lombardi, N. (2011). Human resources management for health care organizations: A strategic approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schwalbe, K. (2010). Information Technology Project Management. Boston, MA: Course Technology/Cengage Learning.
Storey, J. (2007). Human resource management: A critical text. London: Thomson.
Human esource Issues in Health Field
The field of health human resources in the health field deals with issues such as planning, performance, management, development, information, retention, and research on human resources in the health sector Successful realization the mission and goals in this field is determined by the dedication and skills that the specialists possess. This study identifies various issues that often arise and bedevils this field. Current trends relating to technological advancements affecting the success and performance of employees in this field are also identified (Fried, & Johnson, 2002). Therefore, in order to improve service delivery in the health sector and consequently promote a healthy society, it is critical to identify and analyze the various challenges facing human resources in the health sector. This will provide a basis for developing various interventions aimed at dealing with the identified challenges and consequently improving the quality of service delivery in the…...
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References
American Society for Healthcare Human Resources Administration. (2012). American Society for Healthcare Human Resources Administration ... membership directory. Gainesville FL: Naylor.
Fried, B., & Fottler, M.D. (2011). Fundamentals of human resources in healthcare. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
Fried, B., & Johnson, J.A. (2002). Human resources in healthcare: Managing for success. Washington, DC: AUPHA Press.
Kabene, S.M. (2011). Human resources in healthcare, health informatics and healthcare systems. Hershey, PA: Medical Information Science Reference.
Human Factors in Aviation Safety
The human beings with their immense capabilities, imagination, creativity, and cleverness have transformed the world into an industrial world that is surrounded by numerous inventions, innovations, and advancements in various facets of life. Aviation industry is also one of the developments of the human beings, which was imagined as an attempt to emulate bird flight. Human beings were engaged in this phenomenon for centuries prior to the emergence of the first flight, which resulted in outstanding civil transport in the form of spaceflight (Campbell & Bagshaw, 2008). However, it is wise to note that the human life is one integral aspect that should not be ignored when any mode of transportation is concerned. To have a safe journey during flights it is demonstrated that aviation safety is essential. Aviation safety principally signifies that prevention techniques in the form of regulation, education, and training should be applied…...
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References
Abeyratne, R. (2012). Strategic Issues in Air Transport: Legal, Economic and Technical Aspects. USA: Springer.
Abu-Taieh, E.M.O., El-Sheikh, A.A. & Jafari, M. (2012). Technology Engineering and Management in Aviation: Advancements and Discoveries. Information Science Reference.
Ben-Daya, M. (2009). Handbook of Maintenance Management and Engineering. USA: Springer.
Campbell, R.D. & Bagshaw, M. (2008). Human Performance and Limitations in Aviation. 3rd Edition. USA: John Wiley & Sons.
Discuss the significance of plants in producing oxygen through photosynthesis and absorbing carbon dioxide, thus maintaining the balance of atmospheric gases. Explore the role of plants in nutrient cycling, soil conservation, and providing habitat and food for wildlife. Analyze the impact of human activities, such as deforestation and pollution, on plant communities and ecosystem health.
2. Plant Adaptations to Diverse Environments
Describe the various adaptations that plants have evolved to survive in different habitats, including deserts, rainforests, and aquatic environments. Discuss how plant structures, such as leaf morphology, root systems, and reproductive....
1. The ethical implications of keeping birds in cages 2. The psychological effects of caging birds on their well-being 3. The role of caged birds in human culture and history 4. The impact of bird trafficking and illegal bird trade on caged bird populations 5. The importance of bird conservation and protection of endangered species in captivity 6. The relationship between pet birds and their owners in captivity 7. The challenges and benefits of bird rehabilitation and re-introduction programs 8. The symbolism of caged birds in literature and art 9. The rights of caged birds and the debate surrounding animal rights 10. The potential alternatives to caging birds for....
Technological Advancements and Their Impact on Culture
Technology has become an integral part of our lives, shaping our interactions, knowledge acquisition, and cultural practices. Its pervasive influence has affected cultures worldwide, transforming both tangible and intangible aspects of society. This essay examines the multifaceted impact of technology on a specific culture, exploring its profound effects on communication, entertainment, education, and social dynamics.
Communication:
Technology has revolutionized communication, enabling instant and global connections. Social media platforms, messaging apps, and video conferencing tools have bridged distances, allowing people from different cultures to interact seamlessly. This interconnectedness has fostered cross-cultural exchange, introducing new perspectives and challenging....
The Intriguing Enigma of the Panda's Black and White Fur: Unraveling its Significance
The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), an iconic and enigmatic creature, captivates our imagination with its distinctive black and white fur pattern. This remarkable coloration has long intrigued scientists and naturalists, leading to a fascinating exploration into its origins, functions, and profound implications for the panda's survival.
Cryptic Camouflage: Blending into the Bamboo Forest
In the dense undergrowth of temperate bamboo forests, the panda's black and white fur provides an ingenious camouflage. The bold, contrasting patches disrupt the panda's outline, making it difficult for predators to discern its shape among the....
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