.. because the self, in this logic, becomes social though acquiring and fulfilling an institutional identity" (Dunne, Kurki, and Smith 181).
6.) What does it mean to say that identities and interests are mutually constituted?

One of the central premises postulated by the constructivist theory of international relations is based on the concept of mutual constitution, a term describing a coexistent social relationship between states in which agency, or the element of independent choice, is partially dependent on the decisions of one another (Dunne, Kurki, and Smith 182). The identity of any actor necessarily determines their interests, with nations based on capitalist economies prioritizing the exploitation of natural resources for material gain, and socialist states vesting authority in a central government structure to mitigate scarcity through forcibly equalized distribution. This is not to say that the interests of a state are irrelevant to the international relations process, but simply to observe that….

d., p.3).
The author holds the position that no one tradition is best-suited in maximizing and advancing Australia's national interests in the international platform not just because all three traditions have their innate strengths but more so because these very same traditions have their innate weaknesses which make us believe that following only one line of foreign policy tradition is all but worry-free.

The Evatt tradition has a widely-known pitfall. It is quite popular in the anti-capitalist discourse that international foreign organizations mainly serve the interests of the Western powerful nations, and Conteh-Morgan (n.d., par. 12) notes, 'Key international institutions (the IMF, World Bank, or WTO), a reflection of international law, are the glue for safeguarding the global politico-economic structure that ensures the dominance of the advanced industrial states (powerful Western states)'. As such, the author of this paper argues that allying with supranational institutions just so Australia can strengthen its clout….

S. fails to consider the inmates as war prisoners, and does not allow them to defend themselves against the charges brought, is a complete breach of the Geneva Conventions. At the same time, statements such as Donald Rumsfeld's consideration that the prisoners of Afghanistan are unlawful combatants and do not enter the category of prisoners of war is simply a means of establishing a legal niche that would allow the State Department to increase the number of inmates and to limit the degree under which the practices from Guantanamo must face the international law scrutiny.
All these issues taken into account, it can be said that the matter of the legal status of Guantanamo inmates represents a human rights' issue and it must be considered the degree in which this attitude tends to affect the United States. There is in fact no legal justification or interpretation of the Geneva Conventions that….

International Relations
Over the last several decades, the role of the UN has been constantly evolving. Part of the reason for this is because a host of events would underscore the need for an international institution that could address: the various global, economic and political issues facing the world community. The reason why, is because the 19th century would usher in a new era of technological innovation. This would have a dramatic impact upon, the way various nations would interact with one another. As each country would often engage in actions that would support their own self-interest at the expense of everyone else. This would create rivalries among the major world powers, as every country wanted to be respected. Yet, they felt that they were strong enough militarily and economically to deal with any kind of situation. Over the course of time, these views and the different innovations (from the 19th….

Indeed, NATO is forced to change its attitude towards ussia as the international context is changed dramatically and challenges such as terrorism, Iran, or energy are largely influenced by the ussian state. More precisely, in terms of Iran, ussia has solid influences, as for Afghanistan. As for energy security, ussia is one of the most important players on the market and can thus influence decisively the European energetic security. From this point-of-view, Kupchan suggests that, given history, it is better to have your enemies closer than to isolate them and enable them to eventually strike back.
Topic 2

The prisoner's dilemma is one of the most important game theories applicable to international politics and relations. However, this theory plays differently, depending on the approaches it entangles. In this sense, from the point-of-view of the realist theory, the best choice for the prisoners is to both defect. This is largely due to….

(Suarez-Orozco & Qin-Hilliard, 2004, p. 62) Nonetheless, even promoting universal primary education can interfere with the profit-making motives of multinationals and global finance. Achieving universal primary education is a double-edged sword. Though highly conducive to future economic development in low-income nations, it is an extremely expensive proposition for the wealthier nations. The World Bank itself revealed in 2002 that the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals of halving poverty would require, not merely enormous financial aid, but also the full cancellation of all debts of impoverished nations. (Buxton, 2004, p. 76)
As in the past, programs aimed at reducing global poverty continue to run up against problems of cost vs. benefits. Globalism essentially demands that small local - and in the case of developing nations - traditional communities must compete against one another to attract investment from abroad. In many ways, this produces a situation similar to that of the….

By the stipulation that a prince ought to surrender his territories if he altered his faith an obstruction was positioned in the manner of an additional increase of the eformation. The announcement that all objections or rejections by whoever declared ought to be unfounded and annulled delivered a rage at the interference of the oman curia in German dealings. The constitutional alterations set down by the treaty had extensive results. The territorial power of the states of the kingdom was documented. They were authorized to convention agreements with one another and with distant authorities; offer that the emperor and the empire experienced no unfairness. Because of this and other alterations the princes of the empire turned into complete royals in their own commands. Both the emperor and the diet were now just a meager silhouette of their previous authority. The emperor could not declare the veto of the empire….

Instead, they would use the help of various international organizations that they had forged strong alliances with. At which point, many of the changes that the rebels were seeking were implemented. Where, they continue to remain focused on supporting those indigenous organizations that are struggling against the injustices of globalization. This has caused the rebels to offer support to similar anti-globalization causes taking place in: Cuba, olivia and Ecuador.
In this case, the neo-realist approach that was used by Mexican government to negotiate some kind of lasting peace agreement with the rebels, failed. For the PRI, they had to engage in such actions because they did not have popular support. This allowed the rebels to use the media to point out how they are the illegitimate government of the Mexican people. Then, when Fox became President he continued to engage in the same kind of action, the only difference is….

International elations
Studies and research programs from inter-disciplinarity of sociology have proved that the society is essential to be protected. Social, political, economic and cultural aspects are evidently vital in promoting development and the improvement of life style, which eventually accounts for societal development. From previous projects, the society is a depiction of human life illuminating facets of social life to coax the modern world systems. Various theories have summed up their relationship to the society in terms of ideologies and propositions that assist human beings to understand the society better. eligion, education, family units, economies and their functions, international security, trade and the role of governments are some of the elements that previous projects have assisted in compiling vital aspects of society.

Veto Power and Security

The United Nations arm that deals with international security works under policies decided upon by the members. The UN Security Council consists of five permanent member….

This form of ilsonian idealism has been somewhat tempered by a more contemporary reformulation of idealism, social constructivism. " hile is has shed the normative mantle of idealism, social constructivism does emphasize that social actors act not only according to their selfish interest, as in realism…but also in response to shared values and norms. Social constructivism therefore stresses that the creation of international institutions in general and international organizations in particular, depends on whether there is a consensus over values and norms" such as a desire for peace or regional economic development (Blanke 2008). Social constructivists, more so than normative idealists or both schools of realists, stress the need for regional actors to have an influence on international events, as it is more likely they can achieve such a normative consensus of values.
Discuss the provisions of the ar Powers Act of 1973. hy was the Act enacted? In the….

Nations play the international finance game, manipulating the institutions that govern the world economy for their own benefit, and that of the corporations that operation within their borders. The problem of China has been particularly acute given the confluence of public and private as represented by its communistic system, and by the People's Republic's willingness to use the floating dollar to its own considerable economic advantage. By having pegged, or near-pegged its currency to the American dollar for so long, China has benefited by seeing its vast numbers of exports to the United States remain eminently affordable despite the dollar's steep slide. The Asian nation remains a magnet for estern companies eager to find cheap sources of manufactured goods and, as with India, a prime location for the outsourcing that many allege is robbing developed economies of even high-skilled jobs. India is particularly noted for its cultivation of high-tech….

International Relations
Morrow, James. "International onflict: Assessing the Democratic Peace and Offense-Defense Theory." Political Science: State of the Discipline. 2002. Edited by IRA Katznelson and Helen Milner, pages 172-196. Also accessible on the web in revised form at http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/seminars/pegroup/morrow.pdf.

In his article "International onflict: Assessing the Democratic Peace and Offense-Defense Theory" the political scientist and author James Morrow posits as his central query why different international actors such as states fight when there are peaceful settlements that both states would ideally prefer, as opposed to entering into a conflict. "onflict is costly in material terms for nations and personal terms for leaders," (Bueno de Mesquita and Siverson, cited by Morrow, 1995). Thus, why do states enter into war?

Morrow begins his article with a theoretical overview of the potential reasons states enter into war, and ends with several specific examples, including the nations involved in World War II. Morrow is particularly interested in….

He feels that he last perspective explicitly adopts values that focus on justice and human dignity and strives to shape an emerging order of non-territorial central guidance to serve values associated with humanity as a whole, rather than promote the particular interests of favored religious, ethnic or geographic segments.
Faulk's views of these perspectives are very straightforward and to the point. I think that the last perspective of a global populism based on human solidarity is the best of the four. It is the one that takes into account the fact that the world is becoming more and more global everyday. There is no denying that the world is becoming a smaller place all the time as more companies expand into the global marketplace. Because of this fact there is no longer any room for particular interests based on religion, ethnicity or geography. In order to be successful in the….

International Relations: Answers to Questions
There are two types of actors in international relations -- state and non-state actors. States are the more important actors of the two; however, their activities are influenced to a significant extent by non-state actors. The term 'non-state actors' collectively refers to those individuals, organizations, groups or movements that have substantial influence over a country's international activities although they are not regarded as state institutions[footnoteRef:1]. They include sub-state actors, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), multinational corporations (MNCs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), political groups that advocate violence (terrorists), and international criminal groups[footnoteRef:2]. These actors serve a number of crucial roles in IR. One of their key goals is to aid a country in opinion-building. The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC), for instance, gives advice to member states on how proposed international activities are likely to affect other countries' abilities to enjoy their human rights. On a different note, NGOs….

Finally, Paris introduces the concept of a matrix-based approach designed to include both military and non-military threats to nation states to address the traditional focus of security threats to the entire spectrum of potential threats to nations from external origin, internal conflict, as well as from nonviolent threats of a more chronic nature that affect individuals rather than whole societies.

Applying International Relations and Security Principles to an Imprecise Concept:

Paris is correct in his observation that the concept of human security is an extremely broad notion that comprises individual components of widely varied significance. Likewise, it is true that different approaches to the issue and the definitions offered by various theorists are mutually contradictory and that even within any single framework, subjective application and arbitrary distinctions render any conclusions susceptible to corruption and diversion for the purposes of justifying internal policies and expenditures of public resources as well as international actions….

One of the most interesting issues in international relations is the role that nuclear weapons play in the effort to obtain peace.  Many people suggest that nuclear weapons can preserve peace.  The United States was the first country to actively deploy nuclear weapons in an effort to shorten a war by dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. The widespread destruction, which was unlike anything ever experienced in a war up to that point, is often credited with ushering in the end of World War II, at least in the Pacific....

Title: The Impact of Global Wars on Societies: Causes, Consequences, and Lessons

Introduction:
Global wars have shaped world history, leaving indelible imprints on societies and cultures. This essay explores the causes, consequences, and lessons derived from the major global wars in history. By examining significant conflicts such as World War I, World War II, and the Cold War, we gain an understanding of the profound socio-political changes and humanitarian crises resulting from these wars. Utilizing a range of authoritative resources, this essay aims to present a comprehensive examination of global wars and their legacy.

I. Causes of Global Wars
A. Imperialism and Expansionism
-....

Certainly! Here are some essay topic ideas related to Barack Obama:

1. Analyzing the major accomplishments and legacy of Barack Obama as President of the United States.
2. Exploring the challenges and obstacles faced by Obama during his presidency and evaluating his responses.
3. Investigating the impact of Obama's healthcare reform, the Affordable Care Act (ACA), on the American healthcare system.
4. Discussing Obama's approach to foreign policy, focusing on significant events such as the Iran nuclear deal or the Paris Climate Agreement.
5. Examining the Obama administration's efforts to address climate change and promote clean energy.
6. Assessing the economic policies and strategies implemented by....

- The role of social media in shaping public perception of the Russia/Ukraine war
- The impact of the media's portrayal of the conflict on international relations
- The significance of the historical and cultural ties between Russia and Ukraine in the conflict
- The role of propaganda in influencing the attitudes and beliefs of the people in Russia and Ukraine
- The economic consequences of the war on both Russia and Ukraine
- The humanitarian crisis resulting from the conflict and the international response
- The implications of the war on global security and stability
- The potential for a peaceful resolution to the conflict and....