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What is Journal?

A journal, in academic contexts, refers to a peer-reviewed publication in which researchers present original studies, reviews, and analyses across virtually every field of inquiry. Students encounter journal articles in courses ranging from nursing and public health to ethics, education, history, and social sciences. Working with journals teaches critical reading skills, because published research demands that readers evaluate methodology, assess the credibility of findings, and understand how authors position their arguments within broader scholarly conversations. The ability to locate, interpret, and respond to journal sources is foundational to undergraduate and graduate academic work.

The papers collected here reflect a wide range of approaches to engaging with journal sources. Many take a review or synthesis format, summarizing findings and implications from multiple articles on topics such as bilingual education, high school dropout rates among Native Americans, father absence and adolescent drug use, and oral health. Others focus on a single article or study, analyzing how researchers frame their data and what their conclusions support. Some papers extend into annotated bibliography form, evaluating sources on subjects like race, class, gender, and ethical issues in business management, while others connect journal research to professional practice contexts such as nursing or school counseling.

A strong essay engaging with journal literature requires a focused thesis that moves beyond summary toward analysis or argument — explaining not just what researchers found, but why those findings matter or where they fall short. Evidence drawn directly from the article's data, methodology, and stated implications carries the most weight. The most common pitfall is treating a journal article as simply true rather than as a constructed argument subject to scrutiny.

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Thesis Undergraduate
Disaster Recovery Planning: Lessons from Crisis Management
Introduction Disaster recovery has become an important aspect of a company's strategic plan. The main reason for an increased concern can be attributed to the fact that integration and alliances at an international level have increased so that there are more linkages and higher interdependencies that have increased the exposure of people to international risk. This also means that companies are more prone to be affected by a force majeure impacting a vendor located in another part of the world. Some cases that have recently come to light in the spate of the Japanese Earthquake are the impact on General Motors leave alone Nissan. Moreover, giants such as Sony have been impacted in the wake of natural disasters in Thailand where a Tsunami impacted the Integrated Chip provider, making it difficult for Sony to continue to manufacture its products.
Essay Undergraduate
Holistic Relationship Marketing: Internal and External Strategy
Relationship marketing is one of the fastest growing research topics in business and marketing today. The premise of relationship marketing is very broad and includes or should include external and internal relationship building as a reciprocal factor for firm success. Successful relationship marketing, according to the literature, results in high productivity, high employee and customer satisfaction, low employee and customer attrition and ultimately high profitability and success. According to businessdictionary.com relationship marketing is defined as: Marketing activities that are aimed at developing and managing trusting and long-term relationships with larger customers. In relationship marketing, customer profile, buying patterns, and history of contacts are maintained in a sales database, and an account executive is assigned to one or more major customers to fulfill their needs and maintain the relationship (n.d.) Yet, fundamentally, this definition of relationship marketing (RM) demonstrates only one aspect of its purpose, which is ultimately for the firm to develop both internal (employee) and external (customer) relationships by building and maintaining professional and possibly even personal relationships with all members of the firm community. The defining desire of relationship marketing is to make each participating member, be it a large or even in some cases small customers, firm employees and even suppliers all feel as if they are valued and respected. The goal of relationship marketing being to make each feel important to the firm and supported in whatever way possible. This work will discuss RM in these terms, as both an internal and external tool to support firm success arguing the thesis that relationship marketing is both an external and internal component of success as well as a vital component for successful marketing of firms. To perform this analysis the work will first look at a base of literature that supports either internal or external relationship marketing or both and then use this information to investigate an existing firm which states a mission focused on both internal and external relationship marketing and reports success. The firm analyzed will report factors of success in this process using a holistic relationship marketing mission and will; report high customer and employee satisfaction, low levels of employee and customer attrition, higher productivity and higher profitability as compared to a previous mission structure.
Paper Undergraduate
Poe's "Man of the Crowd": Analysis and Film Adaptation
The story significantly depicts not only the preoccupation of the 17th hundred London issues and a trend brought by the progressive industrialization of time, but speaks so much relevance in our modern time as well. The epigraph which sums up the very essence of the story explains the dynamic of a human being too busy to mingle with the crowd for fear of facing the haunting memory of a disturbed self, the lonely person, the conscience and the unsettling disturbances deep within. The epigraph "Such a great misfortune, not to be able to be alone" (Soya 147) is rich in context within the story, but also a rich source of reflection of a human and societal struggle.
Essay Undergraduate
Informed Consent and Disclosure for Terminally Ill Patients
¶ … consent embodies the idea that as a matter of ethics and law patients are entitled to be exposed to all of the relevant information that would influence and guide their decision making concerning what treatment that…
Thesis Doctorate
Geologic Formation and Glaciation of the Great Lakes
This essay examines the geology of the Great Lakes region. The essay reviews the region's geologic formation from the Precambrian Era forward, as well as the glaciation processes that were primarily responsible for carving out and meltwater filling of the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes describes a group of five freshwater lakes located in central North America between the U.S. and Canada, and includes Lakes Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie and Superior. The Great Lakes watershed covers about 765,990 km2, with the area being home to approximately one-tenth of the population of the U.S. and one-quarter of the population of Canada.
Paper Doctorate
Rational Decision-Making for Strategic Management Choices
In this era of globalization managers have to face various decisions on the daily basis. Managers should be capable to handle various tasks, and have skills to allocate resources in an effective way. The high complex environment, which has been affecting the organizations are mostly due to the technological advancement. The effective planning means that there are alternatives between choices, and managers execute the best option which resolves the problem. In this report we will discuss the usefulness of rationale decision making for managers while making strategic choices. The roles of global managers and their decision making limits will be highlighted. The discussion related to the cross-cultural synergy and ethical dilemmas in making rational decision. Bontempo, Triandis, & Lobel, (1990) has demonstrated that decision options manager select can be affected through motivational proclivity. Strategic supervision is the process of managerial decision and course of action which investigates the long-term performance of the company. It involves the scanning of environment, strategic formulation, strategic implementation and assessment. This report of rational decision making for managers hence emphasizes the patrolling and assessment of the threats and opportunities in the light of company's strengths and weaknesses Hunger & Wheelen, 12th edition).
Paper Doctorate
Defining Love: Historical, Theological, and Psychological Views
A definition essay goes beyond a basic description of an idea or term and provides a more expanded view - what it is, where it originates, its positives and negatives, its dangers, etc. This particular essay focuses on love - a very common emotion and shared human experience. However, defining love depends heavily on the context in which it is used and who is interpreting it. This three page essay explores cultural and historical definitions of love as well as definitions of what love is not.
Essay Doctorate
Self-Assessment of Project Management Leadership Skills
Using the self-assessment to determine innate and emerging strengths in the area of project management provides insights not easily determined any other way. It is difficult for anyone to accurately and objective assess…
Paper Doctorate
Mandatory Sentencing and the War on Drugs: A Case Study Critique
Recent years have witnessed substantial changes in the sentencing laws. Scholars from the law fields have lamented and applauded the advent of both determinate and mandatory penalties; however, the interaction or the effectiveness of mandatory sentencing is not yet fully examined. This paper, explores various materials to provide a critique paper on a case study.
Paper Undergraduate
Neo-Liberalism and Legal Traditions in Malaysia, Indonesia, and China
This review of the related literature focuses on broad definitions of the law as historically legislated and then as practiced in three countries: Malaysia, Indonesia and China. Common law, civil law and socialist law…