Life Expectancy Essays (Examples)

1. Introduction
Early 2008, representatives from indigenous health organizations, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, and the commonwealth government of Australia, signed an agreement that was meant to ensure that all the relevant stakeholders cooperate to ensure indigenous and non-indigenous Australians have equality in life expectancy and health status by 2030 (Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission 2008).
For quite a long time, it has been known that indigenous people in Australia have a disadvantage in terms of health. Many organizations and activists have over the years been trying to bridge the gap in health status between them and non-indigenous Australians and the signing of the agreement was a huge milestone that served two purposes. It raised public awareness on the matter and it helped to lay down plan for the achievement of parity in health status (Pholi, Black, & Richards, 2009).
The plan behind achieving health…

As they share a common bond in the underlying struggles and challenges that they are wrestling with. This is significant, because it shows how the ice age would force people to work together, to overcome the various weather related issues that are having an impact upon their lives. ("Paleolithic")

The use of various types of tools / technology would change the way humans would live their lives. This is because, the ice age would force everyone to utilize new survival techniques that were often not focused on. Prior to the ice age, most humans were considered to be hunter and gathers. This meant that they would often rely on killing various types of animals, as their way of providing food and clothing for themselves. At the same time, humans would often gather various fruits and berries to consume. Once the ice age began this would all change, as the total…

Bibliography

"Amblin to Alaska." Why Files, n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2010

"Ice Ages." Science Clarified, 2010. Web. 16 Nov. 2010

"Paleotlithic." Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2010

Frith, Naill. "Humans Survived the Ice Age by Sheltering. Daily Mail, 2010. Web. 16 Nov. 2010.

Massachusetts and Virginia

The Colonial period saw the English established a number of colonies in America. These colonies were not only divided by geography, but also by such things as religion, economics, and other factors. Far to the north, in an area called "New England," lay the colony of Massachusetts, a religious-based society founded by members of a strict religious sect as a refuge from persecution. In the south lay Virginia, settled by a company, for economic purposes, and where religion did not dominate every aspect of society. These two English colonies were both English and Protestant., but could not be more different.

During the early 17th century there was "bitter persecution in England of those whose religious views differed from the Church of England." ("Massachusetts Colony") Among these were the Puritans, who wanted to purify the Church of England from harmful doctrines that were too similar to Roman Catholicism.…

Works Cited

"Massachusetts Colony." Colonial Ancestors- Colonial Genealogy Records and History. Web. 16 June 2011.  http://colonialancestors.com/ma/colony.htm 

"Puritan Life." Ushistory.org. Web 16 June 2011.  http://www.ushistory.org/us/3d.asp   http://www.usahistory.info/southern/Virginia.html 

"Virginia" History of the U.S.A.: Converted from Henry William Elson's History of the United States. 1904. Web 15 June 2011.

The Behavior Valence and the Communicator Reward Valence together help show the range of G's response to my expectancy-violating behavior. However, as Burgoon and Hale state, many factors other than nonverbal expectancy violation may have contributed to G's response to my actions. For example, setting may have easily been a factor: libraries are for study and work, not for jocular embraces and easy-going times; secondly, had his friends been around and I included in their circle, such diminishment of space and embracing may have been deemed appropriate if the circumstances and the timing were right -- then again, perhaps not; thirdly, G having the type of personality he has, there is no guarantee that even someone with whom he desires to be on a more intimate footing would have received an overall positive valence from G. G may insist upon presenting himself ambiguously in all situations so as to resist…

Instead, it can provide an important springboard for future investigation in order to better understand the communication paradigms and expectations of cultures other than those in the United States. This, in turn, can lead to further nonverbal theorizing.

Furthermore, Burgoon's theory can also provide an important platform for more modern types of communication such as digital communication, for example (Littlejohn and Foss, 2009). Nonverbal cues are also inherent in this type of communication, although the assumption tends to be that this type of communication is primarily verbal. This is a very exciting development for communication studies. Currently, online communication has seen little in terms of formalizing theoretical findings. Because this communication medium is becoming increasingly important not only in personal interaction but also in the business world, it is becoming vitally important to provide theories of interaction by means of which such communications can most effectively be conducted. This can…

References

Littlejohn, S.W. And Foss, K.A. (2009). Encyclopedia of communication theory. Sage Publications.

Gudykunst, W.B. (2005). Theorizing about intercultural communication. Sage Publications.

Jacob, a. (2008). Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) of Judee Burgoon. Retrieved from:  http://www.slideshare.net/ajacob/expectancy-violations-theory 

Kalman, Y.M. (2010). Online Pauses and Silence: Chronemic Expectancy Violations in Written Computer-Mediated Communication. Retrieved from:  http://www.kalmans.com/evt.pdf

The objective of this paper is to provide the analysis of lifespan interview of Ms. W who was forced to take the additional responsibilities because her father died very young leaving her mother to raise three young children. The study discusses the psychological, sociological, and biological stresses that a single parent and their children face when the father, who is the breadwinner of the family suddenly gives up. The study uses Ms. W case for the narrative analysis

Ms. W was very young when her father died to leave her mother to shoulder additional responsibilities of taking care of three children. Ms. W case was an excellent choice for the review and analysis because the information collected for a review assists in providing the in-depth understanding of the individual personal problem who has experienced a sudden a loss of a father at a younger age and being raised by a…

For example, and elder citizen may consider having the ability to sit and watch television or read all that is necessary to improve their quality of life, and thus demand healthcare services that would allow him or her to do just that.

There are no universal standards that are likely to be accepted by a majority of the population, or even by enough people to consider QALY assessments moral and ethical practices in healthcare (Drotar, 1998). Many also argue that healthcare authorities may favor certain populations including the young adult or pediatric population, based on the theory this group has the greatest chances for survival; this however is often not the case, as there are many older adults that have powerful enough beliefs and mature immune systems so that with proper treatment they might have just as much chance for survival than doctors may assess on first glance (Drotar, 1998).…

References

Bergner, M., Bobbitt, R.A., Carter, W.B., & Gilson, B.S. (1981) the sickness impact profile: Development and final revision of a health status measure. Medical Care, 19: 787-805.

Drotar, D. (1998) Measuring health-related quality of life in children and adolescents:

Implications for research and practice. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kaplan, R.M., Bush, J.W. & Berrgy, C.C. (1976) Health status: Types of validity and the index of well being. Health Services Research, 11(1): 478-507.

She is well-connected within the community and is confident that her business would be profitable within a year or two. She has a strong, charismatic personality and is also connected to Milwaukee's artistic community through her husband's architectural work restoring some of the city's beautiful historic buildings. She has a considerable portfolio, and occasionally sold stock photos or worked as a wedding photographer when she was in law school.

Laura realizes that in the current market, individuals and companies may be cutting back on "luxuries" like professional family and staff pictures. However, she has a range of expertise in architectural and interior photography as well as portrait and event photography. She is willing to diversify her skill set and pursue further education if necessary, although in her field an additional artistic degree would only be desirable for teaching or competing for gallery showings at a national level.

According to her…

References

College Board. (2010). Trends in college pricing, 2010. Retrieved from  http://trends.collegeboard.org/ 

Hung, a., & Yoong, J. (2010). Asking for Help: Survey and experimental evidence on financial advice and behavior change. RAND Working Paper WR-714-1.

Morris, Kenneth M., Alan M. Siegel, and Virginia B. Morris. (1995). The Wall Street Journal Guide to Planning Your Financial Future. New York: Lightbulb Press.

Parisse, a., & Richman, D. (2006). Questions Great Financial Advisors Ask… and Investors Need to Know. Chicago: Kaplan.

Criminal Justice

Juveniles who are Imprisoned for Life with No Parole

We live in a world where human beings of any age commit and are punished for menial to heinous crimes. In other words, humans at every stage of life are committing and being punished for crimes, including children and teenagers, called juveniles under the law until they reach adulthood. The paper will explore and debate the pros and cons of sentencing juveniles as LWOPs. The paper will reference recent and groundbreaking cases of juvenile crime and debatable sentencing. The paper aims to provide a modern context within which to examine and debate the use of life sentencing without parole for juvenile offenders. Ultimately, the paper concludes that LWOP for juveniles should, with great discrimination and in the rarest of cases, be used around the world, but before doing so, the stipulations for its use must be clearly stated and…

References:

Agyepong, Tera. "Children Left Behind Bars: Sullivan, Graham, and Juvenile Life without Parole Sentences." Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights, Vol. 9, No. 1, 83 -- 102.

Aero, Evelyn, Fakudze, Ntsika W., Judson-Patrick, Ann Marie, Korolev, Leontiy V., Latif, Saira N., Lydon-Lam, Bobby Y., McBride, Kalli Dee, Nekoomaram, Javeneh, Sledd, Samantha K., Smerbeck, James R., & Tao, John L. "The United States of America: Juvenile Life without Parole." United Nations Human Rights Council, Vol. 9, 1 -- 6., 2010.

de la Vega, Connie, & Leighton, Michelle. "Sentencing Our Children to Die in Prison: Global Law and Practice." University of San Francisco Law Review, Vol. 42, 983 -- 1044, 2008.

Hechinger, Scott R. "Juvenile Life Without Parole: An Antidote to Congress's One-Way Criminal Law Ratchet?" N.Y.U. Review of Law and Social Change, Vol. 35, No. 408, 409 -- 496, 2011.

..Of course, her earnings were also meager, but it was better than relying on farming alone" (Nagatsuka, 1). Oshina, the wives' character in the novel, could be the impersonation of any hardworking farmer's wife during the Meiji Restoration in Japan. The hardship of the life in a village struggling to adjust to the wave of modernity swiping the country, but still very deeply rooted in the previous period was plausible in the case of those who did not own much land or the means to improve their living standards from other not farm-related activities. "At all hours of the day, as long as there was light, Oshina kept busy at one task or another; soaking straw from rope making, sweeping up leaves, her hands were never idle" (Nagatsuka, 1). The lives of the farmers like those described by Nagatsuka were subject to rapid change since the early stages of the…

Works Cited

1. Bernier, Bernard. "The Japanese Peasantry and Economic Growth Since the Land Reform of 1946-47." Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 12.1 (1980)

2. Birrell, Robert. "Obstacles to Development in Peasant Societies: An Analysis of India, England, & Japan." Peasants in the Modern World. Ed. Philip K. Bock. 1st ed. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1969.

3. Eisenstadt, Shmuel Noah. Japanese Civilization: A Comparative View. University of Chicago Press, 1996

4. Gordon, Andrew. A Modern History of Japan: From Tokugawa Times to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003

Barbados Culture

Barbados was once called the Little England due to its landscape of rolling terrain, as well as its customs of tea drinking and cricket, the Anglican Church, parliamentary democracy and the conservatism of its rural culture. It has a well-developed airport, electrical supply and road system, especially after independence in 1966 when the tourist industry became the most important sector of the economy. Of course, it also inherited a racial caste system from its three hundred years of slavery, and until very recent times, the white minority had almost all the political and economic power. Today, only about 5% of the population is white, 20% of mixed race background and the remaining 75% descended from African slaves. As with most of the Caribbean islands, the indigenous Arawak and Carib populations were devastated by disease in the fifty years after first contact with Europeans in 1492. Although there were…

WORKS CITED

Beckles, Hilary McD.. Natural Rebels: A Social History of Enslaved Black Women in Barbados. Rutgers University Press, 1989.

Beckles, Hilary McD. "The Slave-Drivers' War: Bussa and the 1816 Barbados Slave Rebellion" in Howe, Glenford H. And Don D. Marshall (Eds) The Empowering Impulse: The Nationalist Tradition of Barbados. Kingston, Jamaica: canoe Press, 2001: 1-33.

Breslaw, Elaine G. Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan Fantasies. New York University Press, 1996.

Browne, David V.C. "The 1937 Disturbances and Barbadian Nationalism" in Howe and Marshall: 149-63.

They find talking while walking difficult because of the attention talking demands. This is why less than 24% of trips were made by them without company. Researchers pointed to this as an important aspect of training mobility in disabled adults who travel with a companion and engage in multi-task conditions Furthermore, community mobility also requires many postural transitions, such as starts and stops, changing direction and reorienting the head accordingly, and reaching out for certain objects. These transitions are believed to be a basic part of mobility that exacts a lot from the balance control system beyond the requirement of steady walking. Disabled older adults were observed to take fewer postural transitions than those without disabilities. They make fewer transitions partly because of deficiencies in postural control mechanisms and partly because most of them have company when they shops and do the reaching out for distant objects for them (Cook).…

Bibliography

Carlson, J.E. (1999). Disability in Older Adults 2: Physical Activity as Preventive. Behavioral Medicine, Heldref Publications.  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_mOGDC/is_4_24/ai_55052020 

Cook, a.S. (2002). Environmental Demands Associated with Community Mobility in Older Adults With and Without Mobility Disabilities. Physical Therapy: American Physical Therapy Association.  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3753/is_200207/ai_n9104853 

Harper, D.C. (1996). Emerging Rehabilitation Needs of Adults with Developmental Abilities. Journal of Rehabilitation. National Rehabilitation Association.  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0825/is_n1_v62/ai_18562553 

Lewis, M.A. (2002). The Quality of Health Care for Adults with Developmental Disabilities. Public Health Reports: U.S. Government Printing Office.  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0835/is_2_117/ai_94042627

4. Identify effective approaches to bridging the cross-cultural gap that may prevent families from using nursing home facilities when they are in the elders' best interests.

Strategies

The following strategies will be used to help achieve the above-stated goals:

1. Develop expertise in writing grant applications.

2. Identify nongovernmental organizations that provide funding for these types of social programs.

3. Formulate a community education program to inform the people of Liberia of the need for long-term care facilities for the elderly when immediate family members are unable or unavailable to do so.

4. Develop a training regimen that can be used to help employees become familiar with the day-to-day care needs of the elderly and what part they will play in the process.

Tactics

Given the current reluctance of the international community to make substantive investments in Liberia, the short-term tactics used to achieve the above-stated goals would require an…

References

Bray, M. (2009). The Mabel Bray Foundation. [Online]. Available: http://womeninactionfor progress.com/.

Liberia. (2009). U.S. government: CIA world factbook. [Online]. Available: https://www.cia.

gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/li.html.

Takahashi, K. (2008). Liberia: The impact of civil war. The Chicago Tribune. [Online].

un.org)." However, the CIA estimated that in 2004 there were "30.66 deaths/1,000 live births, with 34.47 deaths/1,000 live births among males, and 26.65 deaths/1,000 live births among females (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/br.html)."

AIDS

AIDS plays a role in the demographics of the Brazilian population. In 2003, the CIA estimated that the "adult prevalence rate of HIV / AIDS was 0.7%, the number of people living with HIV / AIDS was 660,000 and the number of deaths that year from HIV / AIDS was 15,000 (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/br.html)."

One important point about the population data is that when Brazil performed its census in August 2000, it "reported a population of 169,799,170. That figure was about 3.3% lower than projections by the U.S. Census Bureau, and is close to the implied undernumeration of 4.6% for the 1991 census. Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS, and this can…

Works Cited

Country at a Glance. Brazil: Health. (accessed 22 April 2005). www.un.org/).

D'allegro, Joseph. "Brazil Attracting U.S. Insurers' Interest." National Underwriter Life & Health-Financial Services Edition. (1999): 25 October.

Encyclopedia: Demographics of Brazil. (accessed 22 April 2005).  http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Demographics-of-Brazil ).

Migration and Urbanization. (accessed 22 April 2005). www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/brazil/29.html).

Second, poor health in the individual probably detracts from his or her capacity to contribute to society more directly than the harm to productive society represented by the cost of the individual's healthcare.

Furthermore, the vast majority of American healthcare dollars are spent on individuals in their later years, after their productive lives are already over, rather than on working-age people. Finally, while reducing healthcare costs is necessary for the optimal health of the American economy, it probably relates more directly to private economic matters rather than to consuming national resources that could otherwise be dedicated to technological development in a general sense.

Response to Statement #3: As suggested in Response #2, optimum public health is not necessarily a prerequisite for global competitiveness unless by "health" one means healthy enough to reach productive adulthood. On the other hand, the American population is undoubtedly on the verge of an obesity crisis,…

I am motivated to continue with my volunteering experience because of a caller I had one night when I had hotline duty.

The caller had been raped several years before and was a repeat caller, who just needed to talk when the nightmares came. In the morning, at the end of my volunteer shift, she phoned me back to thank me and to tell me that, after talking to me, she had been able to sleep through the night for the first time in years.

Journal Entry 5: Partner Abuse

Take the Domestic Violence Screening Quiz at http://psychcentral.com/dvquiz.htm. andshare your thoughts on living with domestic violence. How could you help, and what would you say to a friend who was experiencing domestic abuse?

My domestic violence screening score was a 3. I am not in an abusive relationship and have committed myself to never being a victim or perpetrator of…

These different elements are important, because they are indicating that Ms. Lee needs to seek out regular treatment. As a result, some kind of consistent assessment must take place, in order to ensure that she is not subject to having a serious fall. This is because, of the overt signs that she is exhibiting from the side effects of the medication and her age. (Henrich, 2007, pp. 50 -- 57)

ased on the fact that Ms. Lee does not want to have an extensive diagnostic evaluation at the hospital, how would one approach her care?

The most logical approach is to have Ms. Lee go through a series of evaluations inside her home with health care professionals. This could be accomplished by having the doctor visit her apartment at least once per week. At the same time, select caregivers could begin to work with Ms. Lee on a regular basis.…

Bibliography

Hydrodiuri. (2011). EMEDTV. Retrieved from: http://hypertension.emedtv.com/hydrodiuril/hydrodiuril.html

Lopressor. (2011). EMEDTV. Retrieved from: http://blood-pressure.emedtv.com/lopressor/lopressor-side-effects.html

Henrich, A. (2007). How to Try This. American Journal of Nursing, 107(11), 50 -- 58.

Mark, J. (2011). Zolft. Medicinenet. Retrieved from:  http://www.medicinenet.com/sertraline/article.htm

psychiatrist, Viktor Frankl, while suffering numerous hardships in his life as a prisoner of war in a Nazi work camp that included being isolated from the rest of the world including his family along with the prospect of facing at the hands of his captors death every day began to question the meaning of his own existence and the meaning of life in general. Frankl eventually came to the conclusion that people derive meaning from their lives as either as result of their suffering, their ability to love another, and their work (Frankl, 1985). A person's work helps them to define a sense of themselves, contributes to their feeling that they are useful, and helps to keep them active (Frankl, 1985; Shacklock, 2006; Waddell & Burton, 2006). These benefits occur at any age; therefore, by continuing to remain in the workforce elderly people can both produce benefits to their community…

References

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006). Retirement and retirement intentions. Canberra: Author.

Beier, M.E., & Kanfer, R. (2013). Work performance and the older worker. Sage Handbook on Aging, Work, and Society, 16, 65-97.

Center for Disease Control. (2012). Older employees in the workplace. In National Center for chronic disease prevention and health promotion. Retrieved September 25, 2014, from  http://www.cdc.gov/nationalhealthyworksite/docs/issue_brief_no_1_older_employees_in_the_workplace_7-12-2012_final508.pdf .

Cummings, T., & Worley, C. (2014). Organization development and change. Stanford, CT:

Mens sana, corpus sana: sound mind, sound body. A sound mind requires a sound body. A sluggish person has less energy to take risks, less bodily confidence, and often lower self-esteem. An unhealthy nation runs up high health care bills and grows old quickly. It is important that we as a society treat these symptoms of inactivity, but we must also treat the causes -- inequality, the rampant growth of consumption and technology that robs of us of our mobility and shackles us to computers and televisions, and the fact that factory-produced meat or commercially advertised products rather than real food is seen as the normal thing to eat. We must change our lifestyles -- cook food rather than buy it, walk rather than drive as fast as possible -- to be able to enjoy and maintain our unique prosperity as a nation.

metropolitan city of Chicago. The area has a total population of 28886 persons. The socio economic class structure is dominated by the middle class or lower middle class families. The overall population is dominated by the females. Life expectancy is higher among females as compared to males.

The racial and ethnic composition of the area is dominated by whites followed by Asians, of which majority comprises of Indian origin. The third highest ethnicity is of blacks. There is little or no existence of Pacific Islanders or Native Americans.

The highest level of education in the area 60631 is of high school graduates. The second highest level of education is college attendance without a diploma while the third highest level of education is of bachelor's degree holders. The level of education from there onwards is on significant decline. Suggested reasons for this may be people opting out of educational institution to…

References

Hello Chicago. (2011). Census data for Chicago 60631. Retrieved from  http://www.hellochicago.com/zip/chicago_illinois_zip_code_60631.cfm #census' target='_blank' REL='NOFOLLOW'>

Macroecnomic Situation

In the year 2007 the real estate pricing in the United States plummet from its peak causing securities attached to it to also plummet, hence, damaging the financial institutions in America. As a result securities suffered large losses in 2008 and part of 2009. This triggered a series of problem as the financial institutions tried to regain the hold of the situation. In the long run some major financial institutions collapsed. Most governments responded with rescue packages to bail out their financial institutions. During the period global economies slowed down due to inadequate credit and reduced international trade leading to a global financial crisis (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 2009).

The global economy is currently trying to recover but it is unclear whether it will be able to fully recover in time. y 2011 fisical support measures had faded away, being that they were not fully…

Bibliography

Arieff, A Weiss, M.A. & Jones, V.C. (Eds) 2009, The global economic crisis impact on Sub-Saharan Africa and global policy responses, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC.

Baldwin, B.G. 2002, The new life insurance investment advisor, McGraw-Hill, New York.

Fabrizio, S 2010, Emerging from the global crisis: macroeconomic challenges facing low-income countries., International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C..

Global Economics Crisis Resource Center 2010, Global economic crisis: impact on international business, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason.

predicaments associated with the modern way of life unfortunately consist of many different natures. ut perhaps the most pressing genre is that of deteriorating health conditions. People are generally susceptible to a number of hazardous medical conditions and the prime reason for that is the type of diet that everyone adopts. According to the research conducted by Young and Nestle, "Overweight and obesity have increased sharply since the early 1980s in the United States and worldwide." (Young and Nestle 1) This is a source of major concern since weight problems simultaneously give rise to chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease, thereby reducing general level of life expectancy.

Due to the rapid augmentation of such concerns, the government of the United States has brought forward certain regulations that control portion sizes offered in restaurants. The implementation and reception of such a decree are open to debate, but…

Bibliography

Condrasky, Marge, Ledikwe, J.H., Flood, J.E. And Rolls, B.J. "Chef's Opinion of Restaurant Portion Sizes." Obesity Vol. 15 (2007): n. pag. Web.

Raats, Monique M., and Wills, J.M. Food Consumer Behavior and Health. Proc. Of Consumer Response to Portion Information on Food and Drink Packaging. N.p.: n.p., n.d. 1-23. Print.

Thomas, Lionel, Jr., and Mills, J.E. "Consumer Knowledge and Expectations of Restaurant Menus and Their Governing Legislation: A Qualitative Assessment."Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management (006): n. pag. Web.

Young, Lisa R., and Nestle, M. "Portion Sizes and Obesity: Responses of Fast-Food Companies." Journal of Public Health Policy (2007): 238-48. Web.

This is when insurance companies will charge more for premiums based upon someone coming from a particular ethnic group. In the past, many of these practices were utilized to give some kind of advantage to people who were from non-indigenous backgrounds. This focus is taking a similar approach, by showing how someone is a higher risk because of their ethnicity. These views are not considering the lifestyle choices they are engaging in such as: physical activities, their diet, if the person is a smoker or drinks alcohol. (Bombak 2012)

Instead, they will use this category to automatically rate indigenous people higher largely based upon this variable. From an ethical perspective, one could argue that insurance companies are discriminating against this segment of the population without taking into consideration other factors. This makes it difficult for this demographic to locate and obtain affordable life insurance because of these views. When this…

References

2012 Indigenous Report, 2012, Productivity Commission. Available from: [30 April 2013].

Genetic Discrimination, 2012, NHMRC. Available from:

universal access to health care in U.S. population

Ethical Issues in Global Health: orld Healthcare Organization a Fundamental Universal Health Care Enabling U.S. Population in Accessing Healthcare

The objective of this study is to examine ethical issues in global health care and specifically the orld Healthcare Organization as being a fundamental in universal health care enabling the U.S. population in accessing healthcare. The work of right (2004) relates that the United States, in a comparison of several indicators of health "ranks in or near last place among industrialized nations of the world." (p.2) In addition, the United States has one of the world's highest rates of child mortality with eight deaths per 1,000 children under the age of five reported in 2002 as well as one of the shortest life expectancy rates in the world. (right, 2004, paraphrased) hile the United States boasts the best in the world's choice of…

Works Cited

Tanner, M. (2009) Universal Health Care Not Best Option. The Bulletin. Cato Institute. 23 Feb 2009. Retrieved from:  http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/universal-health-care-not-best-option 

Wright DB (2004) Universal Access to Healthcare: Lessons from Sweden for the United States. 17 Nov 2004. Retrieved from:  http://www.unc.edu/~wedavid/web/Comparative%20HC%20Systems%20Paper.pdf

Living in the Industrial (21st Century) Society

One of the most revolutionary events and changes that happened in all of the world's societies is the emergence of the Industrial Revolution during the turn of the 21st century. During this period, human civilization moved from a communal form of living to a highly-industrialized society, wherein commodities and the needs of people became readily available in quantity because of the invention of machineries and the process of mass production. With the growth and development that the Industrial Revolution has brought to the world societies, many people have lived in what now we call as the 'capitalist societies,' and the backbone of most people's living and income comes from the rule of economics and providing people with the means to acquire their wants and needs. This, perhaps, is the most important characteristic that the Industrial or Capitalist society brought to human civilization, that…

Nimeiri also made Islamic law part of the penal code, which included public beatings for consuming alcohol and cutting off hands of people convicted of stealing. All Sudanese nationals, even non-Muslims were subject to this law. Nimeiri was eventually overthrown in a coup, but the Southern-Northern tensions remained, as the government continued to be dominated by Islamic supporters.

Full-fledged civil conflict erupted again, and did not end until July 2002, when the Northern and Islamic-dominated government and the rebel confederation of Southern Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army SPLM/a reached a historic agreement on the role of state and religion and the right of Southern Sudanese tribes to self-determination in a federal system ("Background Note: Sudan," 2007, Bureau of African Affairs).

omen and Development

Because of the violence and war in Sudanese society, coupled with highly traditional fundamentalist and indigenous beliefs about the role of women in society, humiliating women is often…

Works Cited

Alvy, Lisa. (4 Dec 2004)." Violence against women in Sudan reveals common weapon of war." The National Organization of Women (NOW). Retrieved 29 Jul 2007 at  http://www.now.org/issues/global/120304sudan.html 

Background Note: Sudan." (Mar 2007). Bureau of African Affairs. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 29 Jul 2007 at  http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5424.htm 

The Sudan." (2007). World Fact Book. CIA. Retrieved 29 Jul 2007 at  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook /print/su.html

Sudan Fact Sheet: Status of women." (2007). WomenforWomen International. Retrieved 29 Jul 2007 at  http://www.womenforwomen.org/swsudan.htm

Urbanization

The Madagascar population is quite dispersed (UNHCHR 1993). The urban centers and other vital sectors, such as the deltas and alluvial plains are populated. ut the rest of the land is thinly populated. Only a few regions are enclaved and have roads, but these are in a deteriorating state because of the lack of material and financial resources. The growth rate of Madagascar went up from 1.59 to 3.5% between 1960 and 1970. In 1990, the population was estimated at 11 million and evenly distributed. There are 171 live births per 1,000 women of child-bearing age. The crude mortality is 17.6 per thousand with life expectancy at birth at 54.5 years. The natural increase in population is 2.7 to 3.2% per year or to double within 22-26 years. The population is 46% for those below 15 years old and only 3% for those over 60. The dependency ratio is…

Bibliography

BRIDGE (1992). What about women? 4 pages. Institute of Development Studies: University of Sussex, Retrieved May 30, 2007 at  http://bridge.ids.ac.uk/reports/R20%20What%20About%20Women%202c.doc 

Ferraro, V. (1996). Dependency theory. 12 pages. Mount Holyoke College. Retrieved on May 31, 2007 at http://www.mtkolyoke.edu/acad/intrel/depend.htm

Hamilton, R. (2003). Madagascar mixes religion and politics. 5 pages. BBC News: British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved May 30, 2007 at  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2681011.stm 

International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (2006). The experience of the National Land Programme in Madagascar. 3 pages. Summary. Retrieved May 30, 2007 at http://www.icarrd.org/en/icarrd/_madagascar_Sum.doc

Iraq is constantly in the news today, as the war in the Middle East continues. It is important to examine specific details of Iraq in order to gain a better understanding of the country.

Basic Information

Iraq is officially known by four different names. These names are: "conventional long form- Republic of Iraq; conventional short form- Iraq; local long form- Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah; local short form- Al Iraq (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html)."

Iraq occupies a total of 437,072 sq km or 271596.5 sq miles, and is "slightly more than twice the size of Idaho (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html)." The country is located in the Middle East, "bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iran and Kuwait, with geographic coordinates of 33-00 N, 44-00 E, as compared with the geographic coordinates of the United States of 38-00 N, 97-00 (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html)."

Geographic Features

In terms of physical geography, Iraq is "mostly desert with mild to cool winters and dry,…

Works Cited

(World Factbook- Iraq. (Accessed 29 November, 2004).

< www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html>).

Tehran's geography makes air pollution worse: the Alborz Mountains at its north side trap the increasing volume of pollutants and lead these to remain and hover over Tehran when the wind is not strong enough to blow them away. Furthermore, Tehran's high altitude makes fuel combustion inefficient and adds to the problem. Its altitude is between 3, 300 and 5,000 feet and it is in this space that the pollutants are trapped since the destruction of orchards and other vegetation especially in northern Tehran in the past decades by rapid development and human activity pressures. These natural and man-made factors together have made Tehran one of the most polluted cities in the world. Air pollution reached critical level in December 1999 when high levels of carbon monoxide and other pollutants filled Tehran for many weeks. Deaths, diseases and skin conditions are attributed to extreme air pollution. Records say that more…

Bibliography

Energy Information Administration. (2002). Iran: Environmental Issues.  http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/iranenv.html 

2005). Iran. Country Analysis Briefs.

Foreign Health Care Policy

Over the last several years, issues affecting the U.S. health care system have been increasingly brought to the forefront. This is because rising costs are impacting demand for different services. What has been happening is these increases are forcing insurance companies, employers and providers to pass on more of these fees to the individual. This is problematic, as they are unable to afford these costs and premiums for coverage. When this happens, the total number of people who are uninsured will increase exponentially. Evidence of this can be seen with the fact that there are 48 million Americans who have no form of health care coverage. (Johnson, 2010) (Harrington, 2009)

While in Germany, the costs of care are lower and 90% of the population is insured. This is because they are using a different model. To fully understand which system is better requires comparing the two…

References

Armstrong, E. (2011). The Health Care Dilemma. Singapore: World Scientific.

Greenwald, H. (2010). Health Care in the United States. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.

Harrington, C. (2009). Health Policy. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

Johnson, J. (2010). Comparative Health Systems. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

capital purchase, costing $5,000, company benefit . Examples include a X-ray machine, MI processor, software filing patient records, a research library, large item company . o Identify management goals expenditure support

Capital purchase

The health care field is becoming presented with more and more pressures in today's society. There are numerous changes in the social and economic environments, which become combined to generate new pressures for the health care providers. The life expectancy of the population increases, generating increased needs for medical care for several years. Then, the Baby Boomers are retiring, causing a demanding generation, used to financial resources and access to services, to turn to the medical care sector for more services. The policies regulating the field also change as do the demands and expectations of patients.

In such a context, the health care institutions find themselves in a position in which they have to be better managed…

References:

Brown, M., 1992, Health care information: strategy, structure and process, Jones & Bartlett Learning

Daft, R.L., 2009, Organizational theory and design, 10th edition, Cengage Learning

Finkler, S.A., Ward, D.M., Calabrese, T., 2011, Accounting fundamentals for health care management, 2nd edition, Jones & Bartlett Publishers

2012, Absolute Medical Equipment, http://www.absolutemed.com/Medical-Equipment/MRI-Machines last accessed on June 29, 2012

As a consequence, Turkey is uniquely positioned to sell to all of these different customers, as its position on the map indicates.

Market Research

The market research process can be different in the international context. The first issue is that the purpose of the market entry has to be defined. Once this has been established -- suppose the objective is to set up textile manufacturing in Turkey -- then the research can focus on how. There are significant differences that might arise with respect to the access to information in foreign markets, however. hile Turkey is relatively transparent, some other markets are not. Turkish firms are exporting to Iraq, for example, but there are no real market statistics for that market. Such firms may be run by Kurds and trading mainly with Iraqi Kurdistan, for example, using connections to bridge the knowledge gap. In addition, where at home one can…

Works Cited:

Osakwe, E. (2009). Cotton fact sheet, Turkey. International Cotton Advisory Committee. Retrieved April 27, 2013 from http://www.icac.org/econ_stats/country_facts/e_turkey.pdf

CIA World Factbook. (2013). Turkey. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved April 19, 2013 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook /geos/tu.html' target='_blank' REL='NOFOLLOW'>

Developing country that will be focused upon for this report is Haiti. The reason the author of this report chose Haiti for this report is because the recent earthquake there that claimed roughly 50,000 lives brought it to the forefront. This is in contrast to the Dominican epublic (which is on the other end of the same island) had little to no notable news coverage during the same aftermath. Haiti is certainly not at the bottom of the barrel when it comes to developing countries but it shares a colonial past (French) with many other countries and it faces many challenges including starkly low incomes, very low literacy rates and other major life challenges for normal every-day Haitians. Facts to be covered include the name of the country, which of course is Haiti, when it became independent, its location, in what ways the country is less develop than more advanced…

References

Brittanica. (2013, April 28). Haiti -- Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved April 28, 2013, from  http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/251961/Haiti 

CBCNews. (2013, April 28). CBC.ca - Canadian News Sports Entertainment Kids Docs Radio TV. CBC.ca - Canadian News Sports Entertainment Kids Docs Radio TV. Retrieved April 28, 2013, from  http://www.cbc.ca/ 

Ferreira, S. (2013, October 25). The Clintons in Haiti: Can an Industrial Park Save the Country? | TIME.com. World | International Headlines, Stories, Photos and Video | TIME.com. Retrieved April 28, 2013, from  http://world.time.com/2012/10/25/the-clintons-in-haiti-can-an-industrial-park-save-the-country/ 

GoogleMaps. (2013, April 28). Google Maps. Google Maps. Retrieved April 28, 2013, from  http://maps.google.com/

Income Distribution Gap

The global fiscal crisis will be borne by the millions of people who do not have a share in the benefits that were derived from the global economic expansions that occurred previously. Not only has the gap widened between low wage earners and high wage earners in nations across the globe, the world's income gap distribution has widened. Economists have long concluded that a limited degree of income inequality contributes to worker motivation, promotes innovation, and rewards talent and effort. Nevertheless, when income differences become too great, the dynamics become counter-productive. unaway income inequality is considered to be a destructive force, such that "rising income inequality represents a danger to the social fabric" ("Board of Canada," 2012). The repercussions from excessive income inequalities include children not attending school so they can contribute to household earnings by going to work, increased crime rates, lower life-expectancies, and malnutrition.

In…

References

Acemoglu D (2009) Introduction to modern economic growth. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Card D. And DiNardo JE (2002). Skill biased technological change and rising wage inequality: Some problems and puzzles. Journal of Labor Economics, 20(4), 735.

Jones CI (2002) Introduction to economic growth (2nd ed.). New York, NY W.W. Norton.

Milanovic, B (2005) Worlds apart: Measuring international and global inequality, 180 -- 81. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

urundi

The Republic of urundi is a small country in central equitorial Africa facing many challenges including a growing population of individuals with AIDS and an ongoing problem with tribal warfare. With an inflation rate of over 12% and the constant upheaval from internal turbulence, urundi faces many challenges as it attempts trade with the rest of the world.

urundi's population was about 6 million people in 2003 (CIA, 2003), with a high death rate due to AIDS and infant mortality. One population factor affecting urundi's economy is that nearly 50% of the population is 14 years old or under (CIA, 2003). The birth rate is markedly high at nearly 40 per 1,000 population (CIA, 2003). The death rate is just under 18 per 1,000, giving a rapid growth in the number of children. Partly because of AIDS, which over 8% of the adults have, life expectancy is about 43…

Bibliography

CIA. 2003. "Burundi," in World Fact Book, last updated Dec. 18. Accessed via the Internet 2/23/05. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/by.html

Clark, David. 1998. "Interdependent Urbanization in an Urban World: An Historical Overview." The Geographical Journal, Vol. 164.

Ngaruko, Floribert, and Nkurunziza, Janvier D. 2000. "An Economic Interpretation of Conflict in Burundi

Journal of African Economies, Vol. 9.

Therefore the commerce under analysis is not a mere relation of exchange, but is a relation in which two forces become actively involved. Since it is man who initiates the process then it results that man is free to act as he wishes and not determined in his actions. The fact that this process is initiated in times of hardship demonstrate the fact that will and freedom are not enough in order to find the path towards the truth, freedom and serenity, and that god is needed in order to achieve this goal. If the exchange relationship is the mechanism through which god ad man communicate and unite, then prayer is the instrument which the process needs for its fulfilment.

Prayer is considered to be the active manifestation of religion, its incarnation. That is why the author argues that it is "real religion" as opposed to moral senses (the ethic…

Bibliography:

Hegel, G.W.F. Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion, trans., E.B. Speirs and J. Burdon Sanderson. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, Ltd., 1895

Renard, J. The Handy Religion Answer Book . Detroit: Visible Ink Press, 2002

Sabatier, a. Outlines of a Philosophy of Religion. New York: George H. Doran Company, 1897

advertisements, the Johnson Bank says, "We'll treat you like family." As an employee, a company that makes this type of promise would seem to be an ideal work environment. It connotes the idea of a very warm environment, where customers, employees, and business owners are all involved in a very functional work environment which is backed by good will and good intentions towards one another. Certainly, working for a company that wants employees to treat its customers like family seems better than working for a company that wants it employees to treat its customers like wheels in a cog. Treating someone like family certainly implies that they will be treated better at that bank than they would by other people. In addition, one expects that treatment to extend to employees. The idea that a bank will treat people like family suggests that if an employee has an illness or other…

References

Abuse in America, 2011. Available from: . [3 September 2011].

Alexander, L, & Moore M. 2007. Deontological ethics. Available from:

. [3 September 2011].

Athanassoulis, N 2010. Virtue ethics. Available from: . [3

6. What factors contribute to globalization? The principle factor that contributes to globalization is economics. Transnational companies (Giddens et al., 2012, p. 485), for instance, have a vested interest in identifying -- and exploiting -- the most economically viable markets in which to conduct business so that they can maximize profits and reduce costs. However, there are also other factors that readily contribute to globalization, such as the exchange of global data in the form of communication. With people able to easily disseminate and receive information in virtually any part of the world -- such expedience naturally results in a reduction of national and even global barriers that were previously existent. The main forms of communication include the World Wide Web and the telecommunications (Giddens et al., 2012, p. 480).

There are also important political and economic changes that have influenced the spread of globalization. Capitalism's emergence as the dominant…

References

Allen, J. (1998). "Birth control and the Catholic Church." Undergraduate Review.11 (1): 7. Retrieved from:  http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/rev/vol11/iss1/7 

Babcock, H.M. (2008). "The National Environmental Policy Act in the urban environment: oxymoron or a useful tool to combat the destruction of neighborhoods and urban sprawl?." Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works. Retrieved from  http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1952&context=facpub 

Giddens, a., Dunier, M., Appelbaum, R.P., Carr, D. (2012). "Essentials of sociology." New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.

Lee, E., Vivarelli, M. (2006). "The social impact of globalization in the developing countries." Iza. Retrieved from  http://ftp.iza.org/dp1925.pdf

economic value of human life. The writer takes the reader on an exploratory journey through several methods used to calculate that value as well as other theories about calculating that value. There were four sources used to complete this paper.

Worldwide it has been said that people are becoming more materialistic than ever before. It seems that everything now has a tangible value that can be computed in dollars and cents. Insurance companies want a dollar value placed on the most sentimental items one owns, while things once belonging to celebrities command a high fee at auctions and promotions. In addition to individual items being assessed individual values, abstract ideas are also assigned values through dollars. Consultants, writers, and others are paid for their ideas and their intellectual property in the same way that someone purchases a new couch for the living room. Throughout history people have placed value on…

Medical science has worked to extend human life and today people are living longer than ever before and with that ability comes many quality of life issues. Whether or not to invest millions of dollars to maintain someone's life, regardless of the quality of life that person will have is constantly under argument (Determining the Economic Value of Human Life Worth of Life (http://www.behan.ws/lifevalue.htm?Num=3).Those who want organ transplants have to currently convince committees that their lives will be worth the money it takes to do it. Those who are on death row asking to be able to donate their organs are being bombarded with media coverage debating whether or not their organs are worth the saving of a human life. The medical community is constantly charged with providing some tangible dollar value to human life for purposes of medical procedures, research and other areas.

Another area of importance given the economic value of human life is litigation. The nation is filled with more wrongful death suits than in the past. Part of this may be because of medical science being willing to attempt more and sometimes failing, because the population has expanded and there are more accidents etc., or the nation has become more sue happy. It is most likely a combination of many factors. The courts are currently being charged with placing a dollar value on the lives of those who are gone and their loved ones have sued for damages. The courts are currently not in a position to have a tangible dollar value so they are left trying to guess at the worth of the person in question. The judgments are ranging from thousands, to hundreds of millions of dollars and the size of the judgment often times is dependent on jury sitting in the box, more than any concrete calculation. For these and other public policy reasons it is important to evaluate the economic value of human life from a business standpoint.

The economic value of human life involves the length of life, and the net economic contribution that a person could be expected to make during his or her lifetime. Both of these areas involve issues that can be established through expert testimony. Total net economic value involves the life expectancy, the value of the person's earnings and other economic

Anti-Aging Medicine? Include Abstract eferences scholarly

This is a review of the article titled "Is There an Antiaging Medicine?" which was written by obert N. Butler, Michael Fossel, S. Mitchell Harman, Christopher B. Heward, S. Jay Olshansky, Thomas T. Perls, David J. othman, Sheila M. othman, Huber . Warner, Michael D. West, and Woodring E. Wright. The article was published in the volume 57A, issue no. 9 of the Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences in the year 2002 from pages B333-B338. The journal is published by the Gerontological Society of America.

Anti-aging medicine refers to any form of intervention that is given to delay the development of pathology that depends on the person's age and any other changes that are related to age that are not necessarily diseases. All what are there is false claims and bogus remedies which are not known to work. Slowing down the process of aging…

References

Butler, R.N., Fossel, M., Harman, S.M., Heward, C.B., Olshansky, S.J., Perls, T.T., . . . Wright, W.E. (2002). Is There an Antiaging Medicine? Journal of Gerontology: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 57A (9), B333 -- B338.

Weindruch, R., & Walford, R.L. (1988). The Retardation of Aging and Disease by Dietary Restriction. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

Governmental healthcare centers concentrate on providing primary care to individuals and to control and manage the spread of infectious diseases and to manage natural disasters (Christian et al., 2008). However, in the public domain, health care differs from one country to another. This can be specifically applied in developed nations, where social, economic and political factors are most likely to influence public health policies and centers and their accessibility and availability (Christian et al., 2008). This research proposal concentrates on presenting an overview and detailed background of health centers in English-speaking countries. The countries selected are Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Chapter One:

Introduction

Governmental health care centers concentrate on the provision of primary care to individuals and on controlling and managing the spread of infectious diseases and managing responses to natural disasters (Christian et al., 2008). However, in the public domain, health care differs --…

References

About NHS hospital services. (2013). National Health Service. Retrieved from http://www.

nhs.uk/NHSEngland/AboutNHSservices/NHShospitals/Pages/HospitalsSummary.aspx.

Christian MD, Devereaux AV, Dichter JR, et al. (2008). Definitive care for the critically ill during a disaster: current capabilities and limitations: from a Task Force for Mass Critical

Care summit meeting, January 26 -- 27 2007 Chicago, IL. Chest. Vol. 133(Suppl):8S -- 17S.

Between 1995-2002, 99% of all births in ussia were attended by skilled health personnel, while the number of physicians per 100,000 people was 420 between 1990-2003, and the number of people with sustainable access to affordable essential drugs in 1999 was between 50-79% (http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_US.html)."

Nutrition, Water and Smoking

The United Nations reports that in 2000, 99% of ussia's population had "sustainable access to an improved water source. Between 1999-2001, 4% of the population was undernourished, while between 1995-2002 of all children under the age of 5, 3% were underweight and 13% were under height for their age group. From 1998-2002, 6% of all infants in ussia were born with low birth weight (http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_US.html)."

One of the leading, preventable health risks is smoking.

In 2000, 10% of all adult ussian women smoked, compared to 63% of all adult men (http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_US.html)." This illustrates why men may be more likely to suffer from…

References

Lokshin, Michael M. And Ruslan Yemtsov. (26 February, 2001). "Household Strategies for Coping with Poverty and Social Exclusion in Post-Crisis Russia." The World Bank

Group. (accessed 28 February 2005). http://econ.worldbank.org/working_papers/1417/).

UN Development Programme. (accessed 28 February 2005).  http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/cty/cty_f_RUS.html ).

WHO. (accessed 28 February 2005).  http://www.who.int/countries/rus/en/ ).

There are 346 cars per 1000 population in the country (The Economist, 2011).

Andorra has an adult literacy rate of 100%. Life expectancy at birth is 82.43 years and the infant mortality rate 3.8 deaths per 1000 live births. The unemployment rate is 2.9%. The country has 64,500 cellular phones for 84,825 people, a rate of 0.76. The rate of landlines is 44.6%. There are 67,100 Internet users, or 79.1% of the population. There are no figures given by the Economist of the number of cars in Andorra.

These figures confirm the hypothesis that Andorra, despite having a lower GDP per capita, enjoys a higher quality of life. It has fewer cell phones, for example, in part because it has better landline connectivity. ith respect to human measures, however, Andorra's superior literacy rate, life expectancy and infant mortality rates point to a higher degree of success in developing human successes.…

Works Cited:

CIA World Factbook, various pages. (2011). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved May 10, 2011 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook

Adulthood and Death Issues

Introduction to Contemporary Issues about Aging and Death

One of the most important social benefits of modern society is the dramatic increase in life expectancy over the last century, particularly in the developed nations. At the turn of the 20th century, life expectancy was barely 60 years or age; less than a century before that, it was approximately 50 years of age (Henslin, 2005; Macionis, 2006). Today, people routinely live into their late 80 or 90s. This change is also associated with various related issues that rarely came up in prior eras of human history. Whereas individuals typically retired in their 50s a century ago (if they could afford to at all, that is), today it is not uncommon at all to continue working well into advanced age or even to begin second or third careers during what used to be considered "retirement age" (Henslin, 2005;…

Reference

Henslin, J.M. (2005). Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach. Boston:

Allyn and Bacon.

Macionis, J.J. (2006). Sociology. Hoboken, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Schaefer, R.T. (2006). Racial and Ethnic Groups. New York: Harper Collins.

Iran Societal Assessment

Societal Assessment

The RAND document shows that a powerful country is one that is able to take decisions that make it economically productive for many years to come And to gain this productivity the country requires a combination of state and societal strength

Hence this shows the significance of the societal aspect of any country's power in the world

SOCIETAL OVERVIEW: the Iranian population is one of the most rapidly increasing populations At the start of the twentieth century Iranian population was estimated to be around 5 million but the actual numbers showed a figure of 10 million, twice the projected size Each consecutive census shows that this fast paced trend has since continued on its path as it is By 1956 had seen an increase of approximately 9 million while in the next 3 decades the population rise was around 16 million This humungous increase was…

. Unlike Pakistan, where ethnic groups are close in quantity and group loyalty has made it difficult for the people to unite, Iran does not have that issue. Its dominant force is the Shia population that is in control of every administrative department. It was religious unity that had provided support to the two revolutions that have shaped the country's history and its current political system. The overwhelming support that Ayatollah Khomeini got in 1979, to bring about the revolution, characterizes the revolution as 'a society vs. state' conflict. All factions of society had some conflict with the existing government: the farmers were saddened over the monetary losses they had faced; the Ulema (cleric) felt the state was alienated from religion, hence rather unreligious in approach. Lastly, the general public was desirous of more freedom. Therefore all of them united to prepare demonstrations and get rid of the rulers. However, the resultant political form has also failed to satisfy the masses. Writer Farideh Farhi, in her book 'Crafting a National Identity Amidst Contentious Politics in Contemporary Iran,' talks about how the people of Iran are now faced with an identity crisis that has them confused and continuously in search of a religious philosophy that would bring them mental and social peace. They have lost faith in the government and their religious reforms

. The two issues of relationships with U.S. And the nuclear program are great burdens on the public's mind and they have adopted a more modern outlook to life than the government would allow. If the 2009 protests are any indication the people are running out of patience with government and their reforms.

Enterprise: Education is the key to a successful, happy life and a nation's children are its future. If they are not well educated, the society can be expected to be illiterate and inefficient and the nation's economic, social and political demise becomes imminent. Education paves the way towards economic and social progress. Iran has gone through immense development in this sector after the revolution. In the 10 years starting from 1988 overall adult literacy rate rose from 57.1 to 74.5%. The post revolution government understood the value of education and made acquisition of it easier for the public. That is why the average enrolment rate also rose by 10%, from 65.6 to 75. The government enforced laws that made education an absolutely necessity for higher education and employment. However,

It is a well acknowledged truth that memory related diseases like Alzheimer's are common in older people rather than younger ones. Memory tends to becomes less competent with age. It might take longer to learn new things or remember familiar words or names. Many measures can be adopted to reduce the increasing adverse effects of memory like eating a healthy diet, including physical exercise as a part of daily routine and by being social. Despite of adopting these measures to reduce the effects of growing age on health, these problems cannot be eradicated completely. Young people are more energetic and are less viable to diseases because of the strength of their immune system. They have a stronger defense system against diseases because of the age. There is a strong relationship between age and support of health. Aging is inevitable. It is tend to occur but applying few important measures cannot…

References

Annandale, E., & Hunt, K. (2000). Gender Inequalities in Health. Philadelphia: Open University Press.

Athenstaedt, U. (2002). Gender Role Self-Concept, Gender Role Attitudes and the Participation in Gender-Typed Vocational and Leisure Sport Courses . Psychologische Beitrage, 33-45.

Manuck, S.B., Jennings, R., Rabin, B.S., & Baum, a. (2000). Behavior, Health, and Aging. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Norton, F.E. (1946). Readings in the Theory of Income Distribution. Philadelphia: The Blakiston Company.

Despite the positive contributions they generated upon the culture and economy of Singapore, the foreign citizens, mainly Chinese, have also given birth to some less pleasant effects. In terms of education and healthcare, the costs of these types of services increased and in the future could materialize in increased fiscal pressure as a means of covering the expenditures. The housing sector has also been impacted in two manners -- structurally, there has been noticed an increase in facilities used as business 'offices' and secondly, there has been registered an increase in retail prices for the purchase and rental of real estate properties. In terms of language, the 42% immigrants are generally able to become integrated. Crime rates have however increased and nearly one percent of this growth is directly linked to immigration.

eferences:

Abet, C., Localization vs. Globalization, The Architectural eview, Vol. 196, 1994

Brimelow, P., Immigration's Impact on Education…

References:

Abet, C., Localization vs. Globalization, The Architectural Review, Vol. 196, 1994

Brimelow, P., Immigration's Impact on Education and Multiculturalism, 2005, The Social Contact, Retrieved from  http://www.thesocialcontract.com/pdf/fifteen-four/xv-4-269.pdf  on May 15, 2009

Ng, Julia, Singapore's Birth Trend Outlook Remains Dismal: Sociologist, February 7, 2007, Channel News Asia,  http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/257208/1/.html  last accessed on May 15, 2009

Crime Rates on Rise in Singapore: Minister, Singapore Window, 1999,  http://www.singapore-window.org/sw99/90309xin.htm  last accessed on May 15, 2009

Thus, inter-generational "assimilation tends to lower psychological well-being to the levels experienced by native-born adolescents" (Harker pp).

One of the most significant demographic developments during the last few decades has been the increasing numbers of Asian immigrants to the United States, in fact, Koreans are now one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the country (Sales pp). In the August 02, 2002 issue of the Journal of Social Psychology, Esther Sales revealed findings from her study, which found acculturation was directly related to higher depression among Korean immigrants who reported abandonment of Korean identity, tradition, and values (Sales pp).

Immigration is a stressful process for people who have uprooted their families from foreign countries and find themselves trying to adjust to a new society with different cultural norms and social conditions (Sales pp). Researchers note that recently arrived Korean immigrants are particularly fragile with respect to their psychological well-being…

Works Cited

Harker, Kathryn. (2001 March 01). Immigrant Generation, Assimilation, and Adolescent Psychological Well-Being. Social Forces. Retrieved October 22, 2005 from HighBeam Research Library Web site.

Morantz, Carrie A.; Smith, Liz. (2005 August 15). AAP policy on caring for immigrant, migrant, and homeless children. American Family Physician. Retrieved October 22, 2005 at  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3225/is_4_72/ai_n15623978 

Pritchard, Justin. (2004 May 27). Life Expectancy High for Immigrants in U.S.

Wisconsin State Journal. Retrieved October 22, 2005 from HighBeam Research Library Web site.

International Planning

Development is a general concept that includes many different aspects. The definition of development is improvement in human welfare, quality of life, social well-being, and satisfying the population's needs and wants. There are many different measurements for development, such as GDP, GNI, Human Development Index, Gender Inequality Index, Gini coefficient, and etc. Since each nation has its own culture, history, tradition, religion, and etc., the measurement of a successful development varies for different countries. As a result, although the general development concepts apply to all countries, each country needs to find their own specific way to develop. China has led the world its development among many various measures; especially economic growth. This analysis will consider some of the factors that are associated with China's exception development trajectory and what option it may hold in the future.

China's History of Development in the Twentieth Century

To understand China's rapid…

Works Cited

Davies, M. "HOW CHINA IS INFLUENCING AFRICA'S DEVELOPMENT." April 2010. OECD Development Centre. Web. 5 December 2012.

Jason, B. "China's Development Plans Lead World, BRICs." 10 January 2011. Global Sherpa. Web. 4 December 2012.

Kanter, J. "European Finance Ministers Deadlock on Plan to Oversee Banks." 4 December 2012. The New York Times. Web. 5 December 2012.

Orlik, T. "China's Inequality Gini Out of the Bottle." 17 September 2012. The Wall Street Jounal China. Web. 6 December 2012.

Group Process and Skill Selection

ecent developments at the medical industry increase the life expectancy. Census reported that 36.3 million Americans were 65 and over in 2004 and 71.5 million Americans will be 65 and over in 2030 (see, census.org). Therefore, the age related diseases and related industry (i.e. eldercare) have been taking an important part of the American society. Taking care of a person with memory loss, dementia and Alzheimer's disease is a demanding task as it requires mental and physical strength. Social supports groups are very helpful to deal with mental and physical distress for Alzheimer's patients' caregivers. In this brief document, a social group session is discussed.

ANALYZING GOUP POCESS AND SKILL SELECTION

Introduction

Garvin, Gutierrez, and Galinsky (2004) describe the social work groups in which the social workers participate as part of their professional activities either as participants or facilitators. The interaction between social workers and…

References

Garvin, C.D., Gutierrez, L.M., & Galinsky, M.J., (Eds.). (2004). Handbook of social work with groups. New York: Guilford Publications.

Gitlin L.N., Corcoran M., Winter L., Boyce A., & Hauck W.W. (2001). A randomized, controlled trial of a home environmental intervention: effect on efficacy and upset in caregivers and on daily function of persons with dementia. Gerontologist 41 (1): 4 -- 14.

Mitchell S.L., Teno J.M., & Kiely D.K. ( 2009). The clinical course of advanced dementia." N. Engl J. Med 361 (16): 1529 -- 38.

Molsa P.K., Marttila R.J., & Rinne U.K. (1995). Long-term survival and predictors of mortality in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. ActaNeurol Scand 91 (3): 159 -- 64.

Network Support Technologies Case Study

Project Scope, Schedule, and Budget

Type and Configuration of the Network

Hardware Specifications

Software Specifications

User Policies and Legal Issues

Life of Equipment

Project Costs

Providing an Online Radio Service

Second Life

Information is now growing at speeds never thought imaginable. Today's world of Information Technology (IT) has provided the dynamic platform in which exponentially growing information resources emerge. This complex arena of knowledge management provides tremendous advantages to modern society. It allows individuals greater and faster access to resources that, in turn, can be used to facilitate more accurate decision making. This is especially true in the realm of academia.

Avington College's students will reap tremendous benefits from providing a blended e-learning solution. E-learning provides many inherent advantages through its method of delivery. Digital content can be implemented nearly as fast as it is created with virtually no risk of obsolescence. hen e-learning is…

Works Cited

Barbara Means, Y.T. (2009). Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies. U.S. Department of Education.

Bates, T. (2009, June 24). e-Learning and 21st century skills and competences.

David Hucaby, D.D. (2010). CCNP Switch 642-813 Cert Kit. Cisco Press.

Elliot, M. (2005, July 15). www.cnet.com. Retrieved May 9, 2010, from  http://reviews.cnet.com/4520-10166_7-5543710-1.html

S. production value. Exports account for approximately half this amount (Binnquist, Lopez, and Shanley). Figure 2 portrays three views of bamboo. One: A bamboo forrest; Two: A bamboos shoot; Three: A bamboo grove walkway.

Figure 2: Three Views of Bamboo (adapted from Stickman).

As bamboo production levels have risen, the amounts of raw materials needed to facilitate the production have simultaneously increased. The bamboo industry in Anji predominantly harvests bamboo from plantations, as it primarily grows a fast growing and easily cultivated, bamboo species, locally known as "maozhu" or "moso bamboo" (phyllostachys heterocycla) (Binnquist, Lopez, and Shanley). .

Currently in Anji, the cultivation of moso bamboo encompasses 60% of the forest area, with the percentage rising as plantations expand. Along with the hefty production of bamboo, the intense cultivation bamboo industry uses mammoth amounts of fertilizers and pesticides; which contributes to negative environmental effects. In reference to the bamboo production…

WORKS CITED

Applegate, Ed and Johnsen, Art. Cases in advertising and marketing management: real =

situations for tomorrow's managers Plymouth, United Kingdom: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007. Print.

Adhikary, Nripal. "Treatment Process." Abari Adobe and Bamboo Research Institute. 2009.

Web. Available at: . 09 October 2009.

Although Nazarbayev is credited with maintaining domestic ethnic stability after the breakup of the Soviet Union, he has "allowed an inner circle of family members, friends, and business associates to exert formal and informal influence over vital economic resources and political positions," (Freedom House).

In the most recent presidential election in 2005, Nazarbayev obtained an unbelievable 90% of the vote. Presidential elections in Kazakhstan can generally be described as shams and have been criticized "by all major international organizations as falling short of international standards," (Freedom House). For example, in 1999 Nazarbaev barred his opponent from running based "on a technicality," (BBC). The current Kazak parliament does not include a single member from opposition parties (Freedom House). Currently, all parties represented in the Kazak parliament are supportive of Nazarbaev.

In response to accusations that he and his Otan party have been suppressing political dissent, Nazarbayev claims that he supports a…

References

Bashiri, Iraj. "Kazakhstan: An Overview." Retrieved Dec 10, 2006 at  http://www.angelfire.com/rnb/bashiri/Kazakhstan/Kazakh.html 

BBC News. "Country Profile: Kazakhstan." 10 Dec 2006. Retrieved Dec 10, 2006 at  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1298071.stm#facts 

CIA. "Kazakhstan." The World Factbook. 30 Nov 2006. Retrieved Dec 10, 2006 from https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/kz.html

The Economist Intelligence Unit's Quality of Life Index." The World in 2005. Retrieved Dec 10, 2006 at  http://www.economist.com/media/pdf/QUALITY_OF_LIFE.pdf

etirees Attending College

The latest retirement planning book entitled 'Boomers: Visons of the New etirement', written by a person who is about thirty years old, Dr. Maria Maylater, PhD., states the author's opinion that it is not what an individual, or in other words, a retiree 'has' when he retires that is important; it is the ways in which he plans out this important phase in his life in which he would be able to actually're-invent' himself totally. She states that today, all the Baby Boomers of yesterday are looking forward to another twenty years of a full and productive life, and an extremely rewarding one, what with all the technological and scientific advances that have taken place in recent years, an average individual can hope to love a longer life than his father or his grandfathers before him. (3 etirement Challenges that you were Never Told)

The idea is…

References

Fact-sheet on older Americans. Retrieved From

http://www.civicventures.org/261.98.html Accessed on 21 January, 2005

Falcon, Michael. Sharing your Vision of Retirement. Retrieved From

 http://askmerrill.ml.com/publish/marketing_centers/articles/ret_article_r058  / Accessed on 21 January, 2005

Fault: An Alternative to the Current Tort-Based System in England and Wales

The United Kingdom

statistics regarding claims

THE NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM

OBSTACLES TO DUE PROCESS

THE CASE FOR REFORM

THE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

THE RISING COST OF LITIGATION

LORD WOOLF'S REFORMS

MORE COST CONTROLS

THE UNITED STATES

PAUL'S PULLOUT

THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY

TORT REFORM IN AMERICA

FLEEING PHYSICIANS

STATISTICS FOR ERROR, INJURY AND DEATH

THE CALL FOR REFORM IN 2003: A FAMILIAR REFRAIN

THE UNITED STATES SITUATION, IN SUMMARY

NEW ZEALAND CASE STUDIES

THE SWEDISH SCHEME

COMPARISON: WHICH SYSTEM IS BETTER?

FIRST: UNDERLYING DIFFERENCES

TALKING TORT: AMERICAN PECULIARITIES

AMERICANS CONSIDER NO-FAULT

BRITAIN CONSIDERS NO-FAULT

CONCLUSION

Works Cited

Appendix A THE UNITED KINGDOM

INTRODUCTION

At issue is the economic effectiveness of tort law in the common law legal system of England and Wales, as applied to medical and clinical negligence and malpractice cases. In response to economic concerns and a continual…

Hospital Case Study

If the first requirement of any successful case study is a detailed and analytical examination of the situation, the emotional component of so called "high stakes" issues can make this requirement difficult, indeed. The simple fact, however, is in order to find good solutions and policies regarding the problem presented in the case study, one must apply the three main questions of "situation," "remedy/s," and "method/s." Although this may seem difficult in some situations, the emotional component must not be considered.

A good example of this fact occurs in the examination of an unfortunate case involving the botched heart/lung transplant of a 16-year-old girl, much like the recent incident at Duke Hospital. In this case, a young girl died as a result of receiving miss-matched organs. Unfortunately, in this case, all of the supposed safeguards of the system, imposed to assure that proper blood typing of both…

Bibliography

Chibbaro, Lou. (2004) Victory Claimed in HIV Suits. Washington Blade. Web site. Retrieved on August 8, 2004, at  http://www.washblade.com/print.cfm?content_id=2771 

Colorado State University Writing Center. "Case Studies." Retrieved from Web site on August 2, 2004  http://writing.colostate.edu/references/research/casestudy/com2a1.cfm 

CTDN. California Donors Network. (2004) Facts about organ and tissue donation. Web site. Retrieved on August 8, 2004, at http://www.ctdn.org/resources/faqs.php?id=3&NoHeader=1

Duke University. (2004). UNOS and DUH Safeguards for Organ Transplant Safety. Duke Medical News. Retrieved on August 7, 2004, at http://dukemednews.org/filebank/2003/06/28/UNOS%20and%20DUH%20Safeguards%20for%20Organ%20Transplant%20Safety.doc

This paradigm shift can best be understood by looking at a Chinese tradition dating back centuries. However, to understand modern China, we must also understand the basis for Chinese culture -- Confucianism. It was Confucianism, though, that dominated ancient Chinese history as a socio-religious philosophy. The trend towards philosophical underpinnings, too, was part of Ancient China's view of law, order, and state control. Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system based on the teachings of Confucius. It is a system that focuses on social, moral, political, and philosophical through, and stresses the important of education and the actualization of the individual. In combination, individuals then are able to govern the state by morality and virtue, rather than extreme coercion or violence (Sprunger). Unlike many religions, Confucianism expects to be part of the political/legal process and governance is part of the expectations of service by the populace. A basic sense…

REFERENCES & WORKS CONSULTED

"1972 in Review." (January 1973). UPI.Com. Cited in:

 http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1972/1972-Election/12305688736666-2/#title 

China Country Profile. (October 2010). BBC News. Cited in:

 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1287798.stm