Media Coverage Essays (Examples)

Media epresentation of Issues in Immigration

Immigration is a fundamental element of American history. Centuries ago, immigration was not the issue that it is in the 21st century. There is a very small percentage of Americans that can trace their heritage back to the beginning of the country without at least one family member or even generation of family that are not immigrants. Around the turn of the 20th century, with the advent of industrialization and the mass exodus from numerous countries into the United States, immigration has been a white, hot point of contention in American culture and American media. The focus of this paper is a very recent article in The New York Times about President Obama's decision to allow a specific demographic of illegal immigrants to remain the country legally providing them opportunities to obtain legal documentation, attend institutions of higher education, and work without fear of…

References:

Cohen, T. (2012) Obama administration to stop deporting some young illegal immigrants. CNN, Available from  http://www.cnn.com/2012/06/15/politics/immigration/index.html . 2012 June 25.

Preston, J., & Cushman, Jr., J.H. (2012) Obama to Permit Young Migrants to Remain in U.S. The New York Times, Available from  http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/16/us/us-to-stop-deporting-some-illegal-immigrants.html?pagewanted=all . 2012 June 25.

Thirdly, the growing up-to-the-minute exposure of the journalists to the physicality of the war detracted from the big picture and instead exaggerated the importance of singular happenings and specific events.

It is in the loss of the big picture that the Bush regime is most able to capitalize on its military's control of the press. While in the 1990s, the President's father struggled with "pooled" journalists and the lack of coherent and stable eye witness accounts, the current President instead embedded an army of over 700 journalists inside the United tate's military campaign as they waged war on the unsuspecting Iraqis.

There is a pretty fine line between being embedded and being entombed," observed Dan Rather in response to the Gulf War of the 1990s.

With the American journalists and those internationally desiring the protection of the winning force fully embedded with the American soldiers at war, the military operation…

Sides, Hampton. "Unembedded." The New Yorker. March 24, 2003.

Jamail, Dahr. "Fallujah: How not to Handle Insurgency." The Arab-American News, April 27th.

Morford, p. 2.

Unlike other wars, this was not against the armies of a nation, but a cohort of individuals who were driven by an ideology (Islamism). This army knew no boundaries and did not use conventional tactics of war fare. Even when the Taliban were imprisoned, the media first reasoned and then insisted that the Geneva Convention on the treatment of prisoners of war applied to these prisoners. Bill Maher, comedian, political commentator and host of the program "Politically Incorrect" called the terrorists "freedom fighters." (Landau, 2009) Many editorials were written excoriating Americans for ill-treatment of these prisoners. Some in the media even averred that these prisoners deserved the same rights guaranteed to those in correctional facilities in the United States. This meant that those imprisoned in the war on Terror could be given specific rights as afforded by the Constitution of the United States of America. The media in its insistence…

References

Acheson, Dean, and Dean Acheson. The Korean War. New York,: Norton, 1971.

Hersh, Seymour. "Torture at Abu Ghraib: American Soldiers Brutalized Iraqis. How Far up Does the Responsibility Go?" The New Yorker May 10, 2004.

Landau, Saul. Freedom Fighters, Terrorists or Schlemiels? . 2009. Available:  http://www.counterpunch.org/landau01302009.html . April 14, 2009.

MediaResearch. How the Media Vote. 2009. Mediaresearch.com. Available: http://www.mediaresearch.org/biasbasics/biasbasics3.asp. April 14, 2009.

Media With the Military in Battle

Government

There must be a cost-benefit analysis performed before formally agreeing to attach reporters to military units during active engagements. There are pros and cons for the side of the press and on the side of the military. It has become practice or tradition since the Vietnam War for journalists to be permitted to accompany and document the activities of various military units. Therefore, there is a fairly substantial precedent set for this form of cooperation. When considering this situation, imagining the outcome can assist in adequately preparing both sides for the accompaniment.

The military units that would have journalists should be provided as much notice as possible. This would give the commanding officers a chance to prepare assignments that would both satisfy the journalists and provide a respectable amount of operational secrecy. The journalists should receive some kind of basic military training and…

References:

Constitutional Rights Foundation. (2012). Press Freedom vs. Military Censorship. Web, Available from:  http://www.crf-usa.org/america-responds-to-terrorism/press-freedom-versus-military-censorship.html . 2012 November 09.

Ricchiardi, S. (2006). Dangerous Assignment. American Journalism Review, Web, Available from:  http://www.ajr.org/article.asp?id=4003 . 2012 November 10.

One reporter for the New York Daily News rants, "Come on, let's be serious…if anything is clear, it is that the trip of the famous couple to Havana has exposed the travel ban as what it is: a senseless, anachronistic and anti-democratic policy, contrary to U.S. interests and values," (uiz, 2013).

What was done to resolve the controversy?

There has yet to be a clear resolution to the controversy, but the expression of symbolic free speech on the part of Beyonce and Jay-Z has deepened the discourse about the purpose and effectiveness of the Cuba embargo. The celebrity visit has caused new dialogue about Cuban-American relations and the meaning behind the ongoing travel ban Many Americans do not give much thought to the travel ban; but Cuban-Americans take the ban personally. Now that the Cold War is over, it does not seem to make much sense to have an embargo.…

References

Boesveld, S. (2013). Beyonce and Jay-Z's Cuba jaunt sparks uproar as U.S. politicians accuse Obama of breaking tourism embargo. National Post. April 9, 2013. Retrieved online:  http://news.nationalpost.com/2013/04/09/beyonce-and-jay-zs-cuba-jaunt-sparks-uproar-as-u-s-politicians-accuse-obama-of-breaking-tourism-embargo/ 

Brown, H. (2013). How the GOP response to Beyonce's Cuba trip highlights broken policy. Think Progress. April 9, 2013. Retrieved online:  http://thinkprogress.org/security/2013/04/09/1838661/rubio-beyonce-cuba/?mobile=nc 

Hudson, D.L. (n.d.). Posts tagged 'nonverbal expression.' Inside the First Amendment. Retrieved online:  http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org /tag/nonverbal-expression

Peralta, E. (2013). Treasury: Jay-Z and Beyonce Traveled to Cuba on U.S.-Approved Trip. NPR: The Two-Way. Retrieved online:  http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/04/09/176732458/treasury-jay-z-and-beyonce-travelled-to-cuba-on-u-s-approved-trip

This, to the advantage of the politician though it may be, is a disservice to the public. As we can see by the media's expanded agenda of campaign issues, the old issues have never been resolved in the sixty plus years since World War , and new ones have been piled on, and one very important one, healthcare, which is indicative of a serious problem in America. However, what we do not have to benefit the public is fact-based news reporting, and we do not have politicians who are plain-speak. This is because of the quid-pro-quo relationship that exists between the media and politics that facilitates one or the other over the public need and interest.

To be a member of an informed public today, means that one must rely on one's own ability and interest in assessing facts, and performing research independent of the "we make you,…

If you are a typical journalist, like those with whom I come in contact on a daily basis... you never have had an economics course that explains how a local business can affect the outcome of a bidding procedure, influence the growth patterns of a city, or even cheat its stockholders or consumers (Koch, Tom, 1990, p. 37)."

Ullman elaborates further the shortcomings of the academic nature of today's journalist, but the point is, that a journalist need not be schooled in these specialties to report the facts; the point further being that today journalists have begun analyzing speech patterns and words of politicians in ways such that it skews for the listener the meaning of what was originally said, and causes the listener to question his or her own interpretation of the politician's words. This, to the advantage of the politician though it may be, is a disservice to the public. As we can see by the media's expanded agenda of campaign issues, the old issues have never been resolved in the sixty plus years since World War II, and new ones have been piled on, and one very important one, healthcare, which is indicative of a serious problem in America. However, what we do not have to benefit the public is fact-based news reporting, and we do not have politicians who are plain-speak. This is because of the quid-pro-quo relationship that exists between the media and politics that facilitates one or the other over the public need and interest.

To be a member of an informed public today, means that one must rely on one's own ability and interest in assessing facts, and performing research independent of the "we make you, we'll break you," media and political machines that exist today.

Media and Terrorism

The role of the media and its impact in reporting terrorist cases has attracted significant concern in the recent past given the increase in terrorist activities across the globe. The increased concern has contributed to controversy and debates on whether the media helps in advancing the agenda of terrorists. Actually, some scholars argue that too often the media assists in advancing terrorists' agenda while others disagree. However, the determination of whether the media promotes terrorists' agenda requires an evaluation of the intentions of terrorists and the goals of the media during coverage of terrorist attacks.

While terrorists carry out their activities for various reasons including ideological, religious and nationalist objectives, some terrorist groups and organizations utilize the media as a means of obtaining recognition or publicity for the causes and goals of their groups. In contrast, media's role in coverage of terror attacks is to providing information…

References

Anderson, T. (1993). Terrorism and Censorship: The Media in Chains. Journal of International

Affairs, 47(1), 127.

Mahan, S. & Griset, P. (2008). Media Coverage of Terrorism. In Terrorism in perspective.

Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

However, this is not a reason to treat the entire religion as a terrorist organization itself. After 9/11, many Americans and media outlets have begun to treat all Muslims, and even the concept of Islam as a terrorist organization. No other controversies show this strong enough as the controversy concerning the building of the mosque near the site of 9/11. In this case, there is a lot of public outcry regarding a huge mosque that was being proposed to be built beginning in 2009. he film here highlights both media sources and individual survivors of 9/11 and how they are threatened with the presence of the mosque being so close to the site of the twin towers of the World rade Building. o many survivors it is a really emotional time still because the deaths of loved ones and friends are still very real in their minds. Yet, these individuals…

There are a number of things the media can do when being threatened by terrorist threats in order to stop the wave of fear the terrorists are looking to spread within American society. First, removing terrorists' access to the media will help decrease the media's relationship with spreading terror. Media outlets should refuse to print or highlight the terrorists own explanations of attacks and threats, as many terrorists often accompany threats with tapes or other sorts of verbal statements. This decreased attention will not continue to increase public fear as much, therefore not serving the terrorists on a silver platter.

Yes, there have been some radical Muslims that have taken extreme terrorist acts against the United States. However, this is not a reason to treat the entire religion as a terrorist organization itself. After 9/11, many Americans and media outlets have begun to treat all Muslims, and even the concept of Islam as a terrorist organization. No other controversies show this strong enough as the controversy concerning the building of the mosque near the site of 9/11. In this case, there is a lot of public outcry regarding a huge mosque that was being proposed to be built beginning in 2009. The film here highlights both media sources and individual survivors of 9/11 and how they are threatened with the presence of the mosque being so close to the site of the twin towers of the World Trade Building. To many survivors it is a really emotional time still because the deaths of loved ones and friends are still very real in their minds. Yet, these individuals are making the mistake of assuming all Muslims are anti-American, and even terrorists.

Many people are directly correlating Islam with the terrorists that were responsible for 9/11. Yet, this is simply not true. The terrorists who were responsible were a small fraction of fundamentalist radicals, not representatives of larger Islam itself. Those who were responsible for the extreme violence and pain that was 9/11 were not representative of the Islamic world as a whole. They were an extremist group that harbored political differences with the United States that had been building for generations. Thus, the act of terrorism was not necessarily religiously based. In this sense, blaming the religion for the act of terror would be a huge mistake. Muslims living in this country are still Americans. Therefore, they need to be able to experience the same rights to freedom of religion as other members of religious faiths do.

47).

The attorney general also made sure that the mainstream media had plenty of scary stuff about terrorists to cover in a dramatic fashion. For instance, Dettmer notes that, "The manner of the announcement by a live TV linkup for Ashcroft in Moscow and a star-studded news conference at the Justice Department added massive drama. With the surprising exception of Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz, aides and officials appeared determined to talk up the dirty-bomb threat" (2002, p. 47). With the terrorist alert standing at orange today, and riveted up to red tomorrow, who knows where it will be next Tuesday? Indeed, anum (2004) emphasizes that, "The media, of course, doesn't really want definitive answers to the problems of homeland security. In fact, the media is probably happier with unanswered or unanswerable questions since these make for better stories and provide a good forum for endless pundits to discuss endless…

References

Allan, S. & Zelizer, B. (2004). Reporting war: Journalism in wartime. New York: Routledge.

Beale, S.S. (2006). The news media's influence on criminal justice policy: How market-driven news promotes punitiveness. William and Mary Law Review, 48(2), 397-399.

Billeaudeaux, A., Domke, D., Hutcheson, J.S. & Garland, P. (2003). Newspaper editorials follow lead of Bush administration. Newspaper Research Journal, 24(1), 166-167.

Crockatt, R. (2003). America embattled: September 11, anti-Americanism, and the global order.

Media Portrayal of Sexes

abies, when born, have no inherent knowledge about how girls and boys, men and women, are "supposed to act." They learn their cultural roles from the culture around them -- their adult and older-child role models, and more and more, through the media. As one writer quoted lum, "Nothing in biology labels behaviors as right or wrong, normal or abnormal. Any stereotypes we impose on children -- and by extension, adults -- are purely cultural, not biological" (Abels, 2002). Depiction of males and females in popular media is in a constant change of flux, partly based on inaccurate stereotype but partly reflecting the very real diversity seen in both sexes.

Experts in the field believe that children begin to learn what gender role is expected of them early in childhood, and that these expectations are communicated to them both purposefully and in unintended lessons. Part of…

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abels, Lori. 2002. "Sex-role stereotypes in TV Programs aimed at the preschool audience: an analysis of Teletubbies and Barney & Friends." Women and Language, Sept. 22.

Giuliano, Traci A. 2003. "Blood, sweat, and jeers: the impact of the media's heterosexist portrayals on perceptions of male and female athletes." Journal of Sport Behavior, Sept. 1.

MacKenzie, Nancy R. 1998. "Effects of television viewing on children's development." Pediatric Nursing, Sept.

Shugart, Helene A. 2003. "She shoots, she scores: mediated constructions of contemporary female athletes in coverage of the 1999 U.S. women's soccer team." Western Journal of Communication, Jan.

media is playing a major influence in determining how the general public will look at what is occurring. In the case of the Arizona immigration law, (a.k.a. Arizona S 1070) it is giving the authorities the power to arrest, detain and deport illegal immigrants. To fully understand the media coverage of this issue requires: examining the message they are portraying, the way it is affecting public perceptions, how it is impacting the U.S. economy and what inclusion strategies could be utilized to moderate the effects of the media. Once this occurs, it will provide the greatest insights as to how this law could be redefining the overall scope of the debate on this issue based upon the coverage that it is receiving. (Archibald, 2010)

What message does the media piece try to portray? Is it biased? Was it sensationalized or objective?

The message that media is trying to portray is…

Bibliography

Archibald, R. (2010). Arizona Enacts Stringent Law. New York Times. Retrieved from:  http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/24/us/politics/24immig.html 

What does Arizona's Immigration Law Do? CNN. com. Retrieved from: http://articles.cnn.com/2010-04-23/politics/immigration.faq_1_arizona-immigration-law-reform-sb1070?_s=PM:POLITICS

The argument being advanced is that since, the Muslim extremists were responsible for the 9/11 disaster, the construction of the Muslim religious center would inculcate the jihad teachings and dishonor to the memory of the 9/11 victims. The question one would ask is this, what about the strip clubs, bars and other activities that are zero blocks away from the hallowed ground, do they honor the victims of the attacks. Consequently, it can be argued that Politicians and anti-Muslim groups found an easier way to agitate the crowds by exploitation of their Islamophobic instincts with the aid of the media framing of the issue. In same the interview, what comes out clearly is that Pamela fights against what she perceives as Islamization of America as opposed to Americanization of Islam. he later describes the center, which she refers to as ground zero mosque as a war memorial against the Americans…

Stone, D.A. (2002). Policy paradox: The art of political decision making. New York: Norton.

Payser, a (May 13, 2010).Mosque madness at Ground Zero.

 http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/mosque_madness_at_ground_zero_OQ34EB0MWS0lXuAnQau5uL

As O'Sullivan noted, truth and courage are needed in the media today and in the future; however, there must be balance as well. An unfettered press is exactly what terrorists thrive on. Their attacks against humanity are nothing without the publicity they garner from the media. Therefore balance must be achieved.

And, with that balance comes the positive aspects the media brings to terrorist actions. Through the media, Americans have garnered important information, especially in the early hours of September 11th. The media allowed for the telling of personal stories that has brought communities closer together. and, the media refuses to let geographical distance be a source of apathy for viewers around the world.

eferences

Cohen, E., Ball-okeach, S., Jung, J., & Kim, Y. "Civic Actions after September 11: Exploring the ole of Multi-Level Storytelling." Prometheus 20(3) Sept 2002: pp. 221-228.

Nacos, B. "Terrorism, the Mass Media, and the Events…

References

Cohen, E., Ball-Rokeach, S., Jung, J., & Kim, Y. "Civic Actions after September 11: Exploring the Role of Multi-Level Storytelling." Prometheus 20(3) Sept 2002: pp. 221-228.

Nacos, B. "Terrorism, the Mass Media, and the Events of 9-11." Phi Kappa Phi Forum 82(2) Spring 2002: pp. 13-19.

O'Sullivan, J. "The Role of the Media at a Time of Global Crisis." International Journal on World Peace 21(4) Dec 2004: pp. 69-79.

Perl, R. Terrorism, the Media, and the Government: Perspectives, Trends and Options for Policymakers. 22 Oct 1997. Federation of American Scientists. October 22, 2006  http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/crs-terror.htm .

Shattered Glass

Stephen Glass, the protagonist of the film, played by Hayden Christensen, works for The New Republic as a reporter. His use of colorful stories to draw attention from readers earns him a solid reputation amongst his peers and his employers. Michael Kelly, an editor that backs Glass' eventually discovered false stories, gets fired for standing up for himself. Glass then writes a hacker story that he himself did not check and is therefore caught in the first real instance of the movie of corruption. A reporter, wishing to earn or maintain a good reputation, fabricates a story.

How it was discovered, was when Charles Lane becomes weary of the so called, "credible sources," of Glass' piece. When he discovers that Glass never went to the restaurant he said he did and never went to a hacking convention, and only relied on online, false sources, Glass gets suspended. Many…

Images of Youth

Media Representations of Young Australians

Any minority group is bound to have its own image, and its own problems. The difficulties faced by ethnic, racial, and religious minorities are well-known, but there is another group that is equally disadvantaged, but that is really even considered among the minority population. Across Australia, young people -- in particular secondary school students -- constitute a distinct minority group that is frequently maligned and exploited. Media accounts give little thought to smearing all children as irresponsible, drug-ridden, delinquents. Few media outlets bother also to consider the ways in which youthful employees are exploited through overwork, low pay, and substandard job conditions. Yet this special minority group is one of Australia's largest. Its members belong to every other racial, ethnic, and religious group. Its members are the future of us all. hen will the media begin to honestly explore the real predicament…

Works Cited

Brannen, Julia, and Margaret O'brien. Children in Families: Research and Policy. London: Falmer Press, 1996.

Burgmann, Verity. Power, Profit, and Protest: Australian Social Movements and Globalisation / . Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin, 2003.

Cowdery, Nicholas. Getting Justice Wrong: Myths, Media and Crime / . St. Leonards, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin, 2001.

Cox, Katherine E. "The Inevitability of Nimble Fingers? Law, Development and Child Labor." Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 32.1 (1999): 115..

Also stated in their findings was that exposure in the laboratory of video games that were 'graphically violent...increased aggressive thoughts and behavior (2000:1) Also stated in this report is that other studies conducted by Anderson and Gentile give indication that videogames "have a strong effect on aggression..." particularly in children.

3. Coleman, Loren (2004) The Copycat Effect Paraview Publishing. Online available at http://www.paraview.com/coleman/index4.htm.

According to Coleman, the copycat effect has been a result of media coverage of events such as school shootings. Coleman brings to light how media affects culture within a society.

4. The Culture of Commercialism (2006) Media Awareness Network Online available at http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/handouts/ethics/rr_culture_commercialism.cfm.

This work states that "advertising projects false images commercialism distorts our culture by turning every event into a reason to consume.... [and that]...advertising perpetuates stereotypes..."

5. Digital Beginnings: Young Children's Use of Popular Culture, Media and New Technologies Popular Culture and Media Literacy: Research…

Media and Vietnam ar

In The Uncensored ar (1989), David S. Halin divides the Vietnam ar and the media coverage of it into three phases, 1961-65, 1965-68 and 1968-73. In the pre-1965 phase, before large numbers of American troops were in the country, the war received almost no TV or radio coverage, and a small number of journalists from the print media dominated coverage. Vietnam only became a television war or living room war with the big escalation in 1965-68, and the search-and-destroy strategy put in place by Gen. illiam estmoreland. At the same time, antiwar and anti-draft protests also escalated in the U.S., although during these three years most of the media reported the government line on the war and were highly negative toward the antiwar movement. Only after the Tet Offensive in January 1968, which was followed by Lyndon Johnson's abrupt decision to refuse to run for president…

WORKS CITED

Gitlin, Todd. The Whole World is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley, 1980.

Hammond, William M. Reporting Vietnam: Media and the Military at War. University Press of Kansas, 1998.

Halin, Daniel C. The Uncensored War: The Media and Vietnam. Berkeley, 1980.

Media Failings

Medial Failings

The media is often assailed for a number of failings. These failings include focusing on the wrong things, not focusing on the right things nearly enough and focusing on the proper things in the wrong overall way. While the media certainly mishandles class issues and other problems of import, their usual goal is probably not comedy but instead pushing one worldview and viewpoint over another and specifically instead of another. While media in general is largely ineffectual and problematic on a number of levels, some of their activities border on the insidious and starkly negative.

The pull quote from the test pretty much summarizes Diana Kendall's summary of American media in a nutshell. To show the quote again and in its entirety, it was "rather than providing a meaningful analysis of inequality and showing realistic portrayals of life in various social classes, the media either play…

References

Baum, M.A., & Groeling, T. (2008). New Media and the Polarization of American

Political Discourse. Political Communication, 25(4), 345-365.

doi:10.1080/10584600802426965

Colombo, G. (2013). Rereading America: cultural contexts for critical thinking and writing (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martins.

Arguably, the raw data at ikiLeaks is far more powerful than anything that can be found in traditional media or satire news. The audience here must also acquire the tools necessary to properly digest the information, as an audience accustomed to uncritical digestion of mainstream media will be challenged by the raw information presented devoid of spin and context.

orks Cited:

Feldman, L. (2007). The news about comedy. Journalism. Vol 8 (4) 406-427.

Ludlow, P. (2010). ikiLeaks and hacktivist culture. The Nation. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/7669895/771113000/name/ikileaks.pdf

McCue, D. (2009). hen news breaks, "the Daily Show" fixes it: Exposing social values through satire. University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456354

Postman, N. & Power, S. (2008) How to watch TV news. Penguin Books.

Reilly, I. (2011). Satirical fake news and the politics of the fifth estate. University of Guelph. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR71829

Works Cited:

Feldman, L. (2007). The news about comedy. Journalism. Vol 8 (4) 406-427.

Ludlow, P. (2010). WikiLeaks and hacktivist culture. The Nation. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/7669895/771113000/name/Wikileaks.pdf

McCue, D. (2009). When news breaks, "the Daily Show" fixes it: Exposing social values through satire. University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved November 27, 2011 from http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl%3furl_ver=Z39.88-2004%26res_dat=xri:pqdiss%26rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation%26rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456354

Postman, N. & Power, S. (2008) How to watch TV news. Penguin Books.

Media Presentation Analyzation: Design & Ethical Relationships

The war in the Middle East is an example of an on-going media presentation that is covered in the radio, television and on the Internet. More recently covered are the accounts of the beheadings of those kidnapped and in yesterday's news, of numerous people killed or wounded in the Iraqi car blasts in Najaf, Iraq. This paper will examine the design and ethical relationships of the media's presentation of the war in Iraq using the attached article downloaded off the Internet for the analysis. It will examine television and the new media environment of the Web, for both have become central in determining both the design and ethical dimensions of the media's coverage of the war in the Middle East.

Turning on the television means establishing a connection with the place of broadcasting and being literally and continually present at the birth of…

Bibliography

Bruce, B.C. (2000), "Credibility of the Web: Why we need dialectical reading," Journal of Philosophy of Education, vol. 34, no. 1, pp.97-109.

Design -- Media Presentation Analysis

Media in the Courtroom

High profile court cases, especially murder trials and celebrity cases are more likely to attract the national media than ordinary cases that usually of no interest beyond the local level. These are also the kinds of cases when the issue of TV cameras in the courtroom is most significant, and when judges have to give serious thought to handing down gag orders that block all public discussion of the case for the duration of the trial. In this era of Internet, Facebook, 24-hour cable news and YouTube, any events or statements in the court can easily become 'viral' and be seen instantly by millions of people around the world. For most of the 20th Century, recording devices and movie and TV cameras were not allowed in the courts, but only reports from the print media and drawings by sketch artists. This technology existed for many decades…

REFERENCES

Ferguson, R. 2011. "Cameras in the Courtroom." The American Spectator.

 http://spectator.org/archives/2011/07/19/cameras-in-the-courtroom 

Mesereau, T.A. 2011. "Effectively Handling High-Profile and Celebrity Cases." Los Angeles Lawyer, Survival Guide for New Attorneys in California, Fall 2011 Issue

 http://www.mesereauyu.com/los-angeles-lawyer-effectively-handling-high-profile-and-celebrity-cases

Media Advertising: Posting an Ad on Facebook

Social media advertising provides a great platform for enhancing a brand message's reach and influencing prospects at the buying cycle's middle-of-the-funnel or evaluation stage. Facebook presents a unique marketing plan for advertisers; one that entirely focuses on middle-of-the-funnel offers as a way of influencing buyer decisions. This is quite logical since it is at the evaluation stage that a buyer i) clarifies exactly what they need, and then embarks on the search for a satisfying provider, and ii) is most likely to share information through their established network though a 'like' (Social Media Today, 2013).

In order to take advantage of this aspect, Sushi Fashions, a dealer in ladies wear, handbags and accessories intends to put up an ad regarding its Super Bowl sale, in which buyers could get up to 50% off on the conventional prices - over the entire product range.…

References

Catholic Democrats. (2008). Step-by-Step Instruction to Place a Facebook Ad. Catholic Democrats. Retrieved from  http://catholicdemocrats.org/contribute/Facebook%20Instructions.pdf 

Social Media Today. (2013). Enhance your MOFU: 10 Ways to Advertise on Social Media. Social Media Today Community. Retrieved from  http://socialmediatoday.com/seanroyer/1444696/enhance-your-mofu-10-ways-advertise-social-media >

VanHoose, D. (2011). E-Commerce Economics (2nd ed.). New York: Taylor & Francis.

Four of his movies are still amongst the top 20 earners of all time. Making of Schindler's list and setting up Shoah foundation; which filmed disturbing tales from Holocaust survivors portrayed Spielberg as an ultra Zionist by most. The view after Munich has somewhat changed and most American and Israeli Jews criticized the movie and labeled it as portraying Israeli's as murderers while popular belief amongst Jews is that of retaliation. There is the hit squad, Bombs used in beds, in cars and even in phones with gruesome gun fights and cold blood executions by Mossad operatives representing Jews as killers.

A neutral viewer may argue that the movie lacked details on Palestinian terrorists portrayed only as targets rather than human beings with feelings.

Spielberg managed to deliver what the news media missed. No spice but reality, mistakes and regrets by both sides. He managed to explain what impact this…

Work Cited

"The Art of the Kill." Manila Bulletin, 4 March 2006, NA. Database online. Available from Questia,  http://www.questia.com/ PM.qst?a=o&' target='_blank' REL='NOFOLLOW'>

17). He is disgusted that news executives that direct what should be covered are less interested in "what's happening in Afghanistan" but more interested in "Michael Jackson and Laci Peterson" (Fenton, p. 20).

hat are the excuses TV executives, editors and producers give for focusing on scandal, sexual trysts, and embarrassing situations for celebrities? Fenton claims that those "gatekeepers of the news" will tell anyone listening that "the average [viewer] simply cannot absorb that much hard news, especially about events abroad" (p. 20). The CBS veteran insists that the media power brokers believe that "Americans are too broadly under-informed to digest nuggets of information that seem to contradict what they know of the world" (p. 20). That would seem to be a very condescending, elitist attitude on the part of the TV industry in particular.

Fenton (p. 22) asserts that because of the very real threats of terrorism on the…

Works Cited

Dorfman, Lori, Woodruff, Katie, Chavez, Vivian, and Wallack, Lawrence. "Youth and Violence

On Local Television News in California." American Journal of Public Health 87.8 (1997):

1311-1316.

Downie, Leonard, and Schudson, Michael. "The Reconstruction of American Journalism."

Since Facebook has a lage numbe of uses, eachability of taget maket can be ensued in a moe cost effective way. A fee Facebook page can be used fo a moe inteactive maketing with consumes.

Justification of Rationale

The buying bief is of immense impotance to the plan. The economic cisis has inceased maketing costs of businesses significantly. Most bands that exist in competitive makets look fo cost effective but pime media slots. The maket foces that detemine the advetising costs in vaious media ae vey active. Moeove, the allocated budget fo Geat Smell is limited and the sales have gone down by 2% in the past yea.

The impotance of the buying bief is that it addesses the two most citical aspects of the poduct that is the declining sales along with the competition that exists and the limited budget. Keeping the citical aspects in view, the buying bief…

references/outdoor-advertising-03-11-08.php>.

Sheet1

Jan Feb March Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total

Network TV:

Prime Time 40/wk 40/wk 1250000

Media Worlds

According to Erika Engstrom: "because there are no legal rules for the wedding as a social event itself, wedding media such as found in The Knot's offerings provide informal, though structured, instruction (etiquette) to women regarding the correct way weddings should be conducted. In this sense, the uniform weddings portrayed and described in detail in such media, in the form of easily accessible magazines and etiquette books, television programs, and popular films, thus become the dominant version" (Engstrom 62). In other words, popular culture, the media, and websites that seamlessly merge advice and advertising now structure our view of what is a normal wedding, filling in for what was once dictated by religion or local culture. Ironically, although more marriages end in divorce, more couples live together before marriage, and the roles of the genders are being increasingly questioned in society, marriages are getting more expensive and elaborate.…

References

Food Network. (2012). Retrieved:  http://www.foodnetwork.com/ 

Rachel Ray. (2012). Retrieved:  http://www.rachaelray.com/

Yes, the Oedipus complex aspect of Shakespeare it gives us and which in turn invites us to think about the issue of subjectivity, the myth and its relation to psychoanalytic theory. (Selfe, 1999, p292-322)

Hemlet and Postcolonial theory

Postcolonial theory was born as a result of the publication of the famous work of Edward Said, Orientalism (1978). This theory claim that some authors (Paul Gilroy, Achille Mbembe, Francoise Verges, etc.) and that seem so elegant in its formulation, in my opinion raises three fundamental problems: At a time when we are witnessing the emergence of new expressions of colonialism (colonialism, cultural, political and economic globalization, neo-colonialism nestled in the relationship between the hegemonic colonial past and their old colonies, colonialism in disguise that structure the relationship between international institutions and developing countries, institutions from the rest behest of the former colonial powers according to their interests), speak of post-colonial era…

References

Aragay, Mireia, and Gemma Lopez. 2005. "Inflecting Pride and Prejudice: Dialogism, Intertextuality, and Adaptation." Books in Motion: Adaptation, Intertextuality, Authorship. Ed. Mireia Aragay. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, p201-19.

Aragay, Mireia, ed. 2005. Books in Motion: Adaptation, Intertextuality, Authorship. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, p88-96.

Baetens, Jan. 2007. "From Screen to Text: Novelization, the Hidden Continent." The Cambridge Companion to Literature on Screen. Ed. Deborah Cartmell and Imelda Whelehan. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, p226-38.

Balides, Constance. 2000. "Jurassic Post-Fordism: Tall Tales of Economics in the Theme Park." Screen 4 I .2: p139-60.

Terrorism Media in a minimum pages ( including title reference pages): Discuss broadcasting terrorist activities successes psychologically impacts individuals (e.g., victims, recovery teams, responders, general population).

Terrorism is one of the most discussed subjects in the last ten years. A terrorist attach that takes place in one place of the world usually captures the headlines in the next day's main newspapers and television broadcasts. This is largely due to the fact that terrorism is a phenomenon that can affect in an instant thousands of people and the futures of even more.

Given the importance of the subject, the media usually plays a key role in the relationship between terrorism and its target public. Through the media in particular terrorist activists send their message across to decision makers, to the public, and most importantly, through the immense coverage terrorism receives on all media channels, it has become an even more global…

References

Al Jazeera. (2010) "U.S. kills al-Qaeda 'number three'." Around the world . Retrieved from  http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2010/06/20106143751105245.html 

Homeland security (2008). "Assessing the Nuclear Attack Threat" Testimony of Under

Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis Charles E. Allen before the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/xnews/testimony/testimony_1207151676007.shtm.

Joyner, J. (2006) "Media Coverage Fuels Terrorism." Outside the beltway. Retrieved from  http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/media_coverage_fuels_terrorism

Apparently, Islamic terrorists are the media marketing executives.

Once more, the tendency is to project American viewpoints and values on to supposed Islamist enemies. The same individuals and groups that are utterly alien to America's most cherished beliefs are also masters of manipulating Americans' views of themselves and of using the media to their own advantage. The idea that Islamist groups might possess some sort of legitimate grievance, or might be railing against actual conditions is dismissed in favor of complex marketing ploys. Terrorism is a product, just like everything else that is promoted on American television and in American newspapers and magazines. The only difference is that the Islamist product is a bad product. Other estern media too have taken up the general theme of Islamic terrorism as but the ultimate expression of Islamic failure to grasp the potentialities of the modern world. As presented in the French Canadian…

Works Cited

Albritton, James S. "The Technique of Terrorism." Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table (2006).

Belkhodja, Chedly, and Chantal Richard. "The Events of September 11 in the French-Canadian Press." Canadian Ethnic Studies Journal 38.3 (2006): 119+.

Dunsky, Marda. "Missing: The Bias Implicit in the Absent." Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ) 23.3 (2001): 1.

Vaisman-Tzachor, Reuben. "Psychological Profiles of Terrorists." The Forensic Examiner 15.2 (2006): 6+.

Social Contracts:

Media Articulation Of The ites Of

HETEOSEXUAL vs. HOMOSEXUAL MAIAGE IGHTS

In the Land of the Free where the Bill of ights is supreme, all marital unions between consenting adults should be accorded the same level of societal respect and legality under federal and state laws. It was just a few decades ago when the Gay ights Movement was born in a raucous Greenwich Village bar, but homosexuals have become increasingly accepted in mainstream American society in the years since and a growing number of states are legalizing same-sex marriage in response to this trend. Unfortunately, the path to equal rights for all American citizens has been hampered by negative media coverage of homosexuals in the United States in recent years in ways that are frequently subtle but which are discernible through careful analysis. This type of analysis is important because prejudicial public information or notice of the…

References

Black's law dictionary. (1999). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co.

14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. (2011). Library of Congress. Retrieved from http://

www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/14thamendment.html.

Gallagher, M. (2006, May 15). Banned in Boston. The Weekly Standard, 11(33), 3.

ole of Media in eporting Terrorism:

Terrorist attacks have developed to become part of an indirect strategy to achieve political objectives through their impacts on an audience. In this process, the attention of the media has also served as an important channel that terrorists communicate with their audiences. Consequently, one of the major objectives of terrorist groups is to affect the degree and tone of media attention to their specific acts and attacks (Walsh, 2010). In the past decade, recent history has demonstrated numerous examples of the mutually beneficial relationship between terrorist groups and the media. Some of the recent terrorist attacks indicate that the perpetrators of terrorism use the media for various purposes such as propaganda schemes, operational efficiency, recruitment, collecting information, and fund raising. Moreover, this history also indicates that the media has had a positive impact in lessening the effectiveness of terrorists.

Media as a Force Multiplier…

References:

Bilgen, A. (2012, July 22). Terrorism and the Media: A Dangerous Symbiosis. Retrieved February 22, 2014, from  http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/22/terrorism-and-the-media-a-dangerous-symbiosis/ 

Walsh, J.I. (2010, December). Media Attention to Terrorist Attacks: Causes and Consequences.

Retrieved from Duke University website:  http://sites.duke.edu/ihss/files/2011/12/IHSS_Research-Brief_Walsh.pdf

Multifaceted Media epresentations of Mental Illness in Australia

In the 21st century, the age of the digital and social media revolutions, as well as the age that demands information, media, and technological literacy from the average person, it is becoming common and respected knowledge that all forms of media have the power to influence behavior and attitudes. Media is a form of communication, entertainment, and education. While most media is not generally considered as contributing to normative/institutional education, media educates viewers nonetheless. Media educates viewers as to how to participate in various cultures by practicing similar beliefs, rituals, behaviors, attitudes, and preferences and more. Media teaches culture, whatever the culture may be. It is a common experience of the human condition to feel pressure to conform at various stages of life. The paper analyzes and reflects upon the messages the media sends viewers regarding attitudes of people with mental illnesses.…

References:

Highet, N.J., Luscombe, G.M., Davenport, T.A., Burns, J.M., & Hickie, I.B. (2006) Positive relationships between public awareness activity and recognition of the impacts of depression in Australia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40, 55 -- 58.

Hocking, B. (2003) Reducing mental illness stigma and discrimination -- everybody's business. Medical Journal of Australia: Schizophrenia Supplement, 178, S47 -- S48.

Huang, B., & Priebe, S. (2003) Media coverage of mental health care in the UK, USA, and Australia. The Psychiatric Bulletin, 27, 331 -- 333.

Stout, P.A., Villegas, J., & Jennings, N.A. (2003) Images of Mental Illness in the Media: Identifying Gaps in the Research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(3), 543 -- 561.

Media on Terrorism

Acts of anti-American terrorism are becoming increasingly common, and more and more are occurring on American soil, according to Columbia political scientist rigitte L. Nacos (Nacos, 1995). According to Nacos, the rise in terrorism is not a matter of flawed national security. It has more to do with the success that terrorists have enjoyed in exploiting the relationships among the media, public opinion and political decision-making (Nacos, 1994).

Nacos believes that the media is "the crucial link in the terrorist's 'calculus of violence,' particularly terrorist spectaculars -- large actions aimed at Americans, like the Iran hostage crisis, the bombing of PanAm Flight 103, and the hanging of hostage Lt. Colonel William Higgins in Lebanon (Nacos, 1994)." In these cases, she says, the terrorists "exploited the free American media. They got an extraordinary amount of attention -- up to two-thirds of the network evening news devoted to the…

Bibliography

News Directors on the Defensive in Nashville." (September 16, 1985). Broadcasting, pp. 76-78.

Cohen, N. (1997). Lessons learned from providing disaster counseling after TWA flight 800. Psychiatric Services, 48, 461-462.

Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). (2003). Terrorism and the Media. Retrieved from the Internet at http://www.terrorismanswers.com/terrorism/media.html.

DeFleur, M. & Dennis, E. (2002). Understanding mass communication: A liberal arts perspective (7th ed). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

media's role in time of national crisis. The writer explores what occurs in a national crisis and argues that the media has a duty to exercise caution when reporting during times of national crisis. There were ten sources used to complete this order.

Does Media have a role to play in time of National Crisis

When there is a national crisis the media takes a lot of heat. If it reports everything without holding back it is accused of sensationalism and drama seeking antics. If it holds back information it is accused of slanting the news and of political motivation. egardless of what angle the media takes there will be someone to say it was the wrong one. In the end the media can only follow an ethical and professional path and let the chips fall where they may. One of the most hotly debated topics in recent years regarding…

References

Anchoring the nation.(Peter Jennings)

American Journalism Review; November 1, 2001; Robertson, Lori

Newspaper editorials follow lead of Bush administration.

Newspaper Research Journal; January 1, 2003; Billeaudeaux, Andre Domke, David Hutcheson, John S. Garland, Philip

Abstract
The media has a pivotal part to play in giving the public information on what occurs worldwide, especially in areas wherein audiences lack direct experience or knowledge. In this paper, the effect of media on the formation of public attitudes and beliefs and its association with social change will be examined. The paper will draw on diverse empirical research findings and assess media coverage influence in areas like disability, economic growth and climate change. These findings will offer insights into how media shapes public discourse as regards establishing agendas and making the masses concentrate on specific topics. With regard to the issue of disability, for instance, a link has been established between hardened attitudes towards the disabled and negative coverage by media channels of those availing themselves of disability benefit. Additionally, it has been discovered that media channels severely restrict information for audiences to understand such issues, with alternative…

The British government has learned that Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa, (George W. Bush, State of the Union Address, Jan. 28, 2003) the claims were quickly picked up and repeated by the media. So were claims that Iraq had nuclear weapons. "We believe [Hussein] has, in fact, reconstituted nuclear weapons." (Dick Cheney, NBC's Meet the Press, March 16, 2003) Yet, after the search for chemical and nuclear weapons was eventually called off without any actual discover of such weapons, the media made startling little of the fact that Donald umsfeld said "I don't believe anyone that I know in the administration ever said that Iraq had nuclear weapons." (Senate appropriations subcommittee on defense hearing, May 14, 2003)

In fact, shortly thereafter "USA Today and the Los Angeles Times, echoed this fudging -- last year 'weapons,' this year 'programs' -- declaring that 'the jury's still out'…

Ridge, George. "Embedded: the media at war in Iraq." Military Review. January-February 2004.  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0PBZ/is_1_84/ai_n6112518 

Roberts, Paul Craig. "The Brownshirting of America." AntiWar.Com. 16 October 2004.  http://www.antiwar.com/roberts/?articleid=3798 

Scheer, Christopher; Scher, Robert; Chaudhry, Lakshmi. "Bush's Lies About Iraq." The Nation. 11 March 2004.  http://www.thenation.com/doc.mhtml%3Fi=20040329&s=scheer

Serial Killers and the Media:
How the Media Affects the Investigation and Public Perception of Serial Killers
Serial killers are one of the most widely covered criminal types in the media, even though the majority of criminals do not fit this profile. Often the psychology and methods of serial killers are sensationalized in the media. Serial killers have also figured prominently as popular characters in film and cinema. This raises some problematic questions about the coverage of serial killers, however. First, is too much attention given to them, versus other, less cinematic crimes? Secondly, does the media attention fuel the desire within some potential perpetrators to commit crimes?

Of course, the idea that coverage of violent crimes can lead to the perpetuation of violence is not a new one: As noted by Conti (2015) “….what the scientific literature has found—almost universally—is that there is a very small but statistically significant…

The media is involved in all stages of policy-making, including in identifying what type of policies are needed. In many cases, the print media and social journalism draw attention on the problems that society has as they bring into discussion issues that interest the American public. Although print media is not the sole identifier of policy issues, it has the power to make the subject reach a great deal of the population, but most importantly, it has the power to reach to the decision-making responsible.

It is a known fact that politicians and politics can not be made without print media because only print media has the power to make the connection between a politician and his policies and the general public. In all times, print media was the main connector between politics and the people. This is why print media has a crucial importance in the political life of…

Bibliography

Barker, Michael, Manufacturing policies: the media's role in the policy making process, 2005, available at http://live-wirez.gu.edu.au/jea.papers/Barker.doc;

Davis, Richard and Diana Owen, New Media and American Politics, Oxford University Press, 1998;

The Media Influence on American Society in Politics, October 29, 2006, available at http://www.gather.com/viewArticle.jsp?articleId=281474976826497.

Campaign for Fiscal Equity, available at  http://www.cfequity.org/ ;

agenda-setting function mass media work current presidential election. Consider essay: a) What issue(s) highlighted media ( candidates ) effect voters year? b) There emphasis independent voters swing states Ohio.

The role of the media in today's society is considered of utmost importance. It shapes opinions, if creates opinions, but most importantly it influences the way in which perceptions are created and decisions taken. This is why the media is viewed in a democratic society to be the fourth power in the state, after the executive, legislative, and judicial ones. This role is most obvious perhaps during election years and periods, regardless of the type of voting action. This is largely due to the fact that the media usually influences the agenda of the elections to take place.

The importance of the presidential elections is without any doubt. These are the times when the media exercises its biggest influence. The Watergate…

References

America.gov.. Third Parties in U.S. Elections. 2008  http://www.america.gov/st/usg-english/2008/September/20080926163103naneerg0.5847132.html 

Driehaus, B. "Court Orders Ohio to Include Libertarian Party on Ballot." The New York Times. 2008.  http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/19/us/politics/19ohio.html?_r=1 

McCombs, M. The Agenda-Setting Role of the Mass Media in the Shaping of Public Opinion. N.d.  http://www.infoamerica.org/documentos_pdf/mccombs01.pdf 

The Conservative Brawler. Agenda-Setting What is it, what role did it play in the 2008 presidential election and where is it going? Agenda-Setting in the Media. 2009. http://www.theconservativebrawler.com/2009/11/msm-agenda-setting-in-2008-election.html

The author quotes Gary Zukav as emphasizing that if a nurse perceives herself as powerless and her image as negative, the idea can sink to the subconscious level and realize itself. She will be drawn to those who will reinforce the idea. Practitioner Pauline Robitaille's stresses impact each nurse has on others. Her influence on people she comes in contact at the peri-operative setting cannot be overstated. She found the published feedbacks of registered nurses in nursing journals as very positive while others were very negative. Those who gave positive feedbacks described the efforts of preceptors to teach and support them. Thus the intended learning flowed smoothly. However, other nurses reported the negative, punitive and critical behavior of their preceptors. The nurses described the difficulty of working with these preceptors. Hence, the nurses did not benefit from their experience with the preceptors.

Ulmer emphasizes that those in the profession must…

Bibliography

Gonzales, L. (2005). A mission for the center for nursing advocacy. 3 pages. Nevada RN Foundation: Nevada Nurses Association

Nursing BC (2002). How to create community media coverage for nursing. 2 pages. Registered Nurses Association of British Columbia: ProQuest Information and Learning Company

Ulmer, B.C. (2000). The image of nursing. 4 pages. AORN Journal: Association of Operating Room Nurses, Inc.

Willging, P (2005). it's time to take the politics out of nursing home quality. 5 pages. Nursing Homes: Medquest Communications, LLC

ole of Media in Vietnam

There can be various reasons for a nation to get involved in war and conflict of cultures is considered to be the major reason. Silence can be men's greatest enemy and history is evident that many wars are fought to break vicious circle of silence, pain and agony. It is not easy for humans to get out of their comfort zone and raise their voice against the injustice, unethical practices and even government policies. When a situation comes where individuals realize that human spirit no longer existed and their self-esteem is being engulfed by the so called principals of justice in the hands of law; this point is the verge of tolerance, forbearance and moderation and ultimately gives rise to uncertainty and turbulence.

Nations are in continuous thirst of power, territorial usufruct and control over resources to gain economic control. In this battle of power…

References

Donohue, G, Tichenor, P, & Olien, C. (1995). A Guard Dog Perspective on the Role of Media. Journal of Communication, 45(2), 115 -- 132.

Halberstam, D, Sheehan, N, & Arnett, P. (1996). Once upon a distant war. Vintage Books: NY.

Hallin, D. (1984). The media, the war in Vietnam, and political support: a critique of the thesis an oppositional media. The Journal of Politics, 46, 1-24.

King, L. (1992). A Time to Break Silence. Retrieved June 16, 2011 from http://www.deanza.edu/faculty/swensson/king.html

Criminal Justice

Crime Victims and the Media

Crime victims and survivors may find dealing with newspaper and television reporters very difficult. People who are victims of crimes often find themselves in one of two positions when it comes to the media. There are those who use the media to highlight there cases and bring as much attention to it as possible, while there are others who find themselves being exploited by the media in order to enhance ratings. Wether to talk to the media or not is a very personal decision that a victim has to make and one that should not be done without first thinking through the consequences.

Not all crime victims receive equal attention in the news media. Occasionally, intense media coverage may be devoted to victims in order to boost ratings. Frequently, media resources are allocated to the representation of those victims who can be portrayed…

References

Greer, C. (n.d.). News Media, Victims and Crime. Retrieved from  http://www.uk.sagepub.com/stout/greer_news_media%20-%20vic_crime_soc.pdf 

Privacy and the Media. (2011). Retrieved from  http://www.ncvc.org/ncvc/main.aspx?dbName=DocumentViewer&DocumentID=323

Media and Terrorism

Contemporary terrorism relies heavily on the media. The modern media has much to offer terrorist organization. Media coverage is used not only to convey the terrorist's objectives and political messages, but also to intimidate larger populations.

The media provides a relatively inexpensive and efficient method of relaying their goals. Further, it offers a forum to attract supporters, and a means of raising funds in an era of independent fund raising (Introduction).

The Munich Olympics in 1972 marked the true beginning of the exploitation of the modern media by terrorists. In those Olympics, terrorists first exploited the media to gain access to a global audience (Introduction).

However, the potential utility of the media on terrorist activities was well-known long before the events of the 1972 Munich Olympics (Fundamentals of Terrorism).

The first well-documented understanding of the role of the media in terrorism likely has its roots in the…

Works Cited

Fine, Janet. Arabian Knight Woos West. In: Unit 7, Terrorism and the Media.

Fundamentals of Terrorism. 14 November 2002. http://www.geocities.com/p_enn/a_terrorismengl_02.pdf

Introduction. Unit 7, Terrorism and the Media, p. 103.

Morrow, Lance. The Gleam of a Pearl. In: Unit 7, Terrorism and the Media.

Gender Bias in Coverage of the 2016 Rio Olympics

Over the past centuries, gender bias has been one of the dominant issues in the Olympic games. hile there has been a noticeable increase in the women participation in the Olympic games, nevertheless media bias has been largely remarkable where men receive more media attentions than female counterparts. In the recent 2016 concluded Olympic game in Rio, media have been found using the sexiest languages to refer the female athletes. Based on the tone of the commentators, it is clear that women athletics are treated differently compared with the male counterpart in sport. The commentators lay emphasize on clothing and physique rather than their abilities and performances.

Analysis of more than 160 million words from academic papers, newspapers, and social media reveals that men are three times mentioned than women referring men as big, strong, fastest, or real. However, women are…

Works Cited

Angelini, James R., Paul J. Macarthur, and Andrew C. Billings. "What's The Gendered Story? Vancouver's Prime Time Olympic Glory on NBC." Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 56.2 (2012): 261-79. Print.

Billings, Andrew C., James R. Angelini, and Andrea H. Duke. "Gendered Profiles of Olympic History: Sportscaster Dialogue in the 2008 Beijing Olympics." Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 54.1 (2010): 9-23. Print.

Bates, Claire. "Is some Olympic commentary sexist?" BBC News Magazine 11 Aug. 2016: 1+. Web. 19 Sept. 2016. .

Beatles and Media

One of the crucial factors that contributed to the success of The Beatles is successful media images, which had considerable impacts on their popularity and influence. Before their arrival in the United States, media coverage was largely restricted and multifaceted in its evaluation of The Beatles and its supporters or fans. In some cases, The Beatles had received negative coverage and publicity that was mainly fueled by their dressing and some incidents that took place is some of their events. For instance, The Beatles received negative coverage and publicity because of the screaming and fainting by their fans in one of their events in Bournemouth. This negative coverage was also attributed to the fact that they had crazy hairdos and tended to wiggle their heads and hair, which would make girls go crazy. In essence, the hysteria among some of the band's fans during events attracted considerable…

Work Cited

Frontani, Michael R. "Introducing the Image." The Beatles: Image and the Media. Jackson:

University of Mississippi, 2007. 20-69. Print.

media is in the "War on Terror?" Why? Do you believe that the terrorism and the media have a symbiotic relationship (they benefit from each other)? Why or why not?

The media has undeniably played a positive role at times in keeping the public informed about critical developments during times of crisis, including the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks. However, it is also true that certain elements of the media have profited from capitalizing upon the public's fears of terrorism. This phenomenon is not exclusive to terrorism. The familiar phrase 'if it bleeds, it leads' has likewise been applied to crime. The local news in many areas has created a pervasive sense that crime is increasing based upon publicizing sensationalistic cases, even though technically the rates of violent crime are falling. "Presentation of large amounts of local crime news engenders increased fear among the larger public…The effect of local news…

Reference

Dowler, K. (2003). Media consumption and public attitudes towards crime and justice. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 10(2): 109-126. Retrieved from:

 http://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol10is2/dowler.html 

Pappas, S. (2012). Negative portrayals of Muslims get more media attention. Live Science.

Retrieved from:  http://www.livescience.com/25110-negative-messages-muslims-media.html

Gender and Society

Sexism in the Media: Portrayal of Female Athletes in Media Coverage

Sexist portrayal of men's versus women's athletic events and sporting events has prevailed in the media for some time. Armstrong and Hallmark (1999) note that until very recently, women in profession NCAA Division I women's basketball teams, though popular, had received "virtually no television exposure" during key station segments; women also suffered unfavorable practice times and "hand me down uniforms" (p. 1). Perhaps no other area of media portrayal reveals as much gender inequality as the portrayal of women athletes. This is not because of a lack of interest in female sports necessarily. More and more women are participating in sports formerly considered male only. However the media portrayal or lack of adequate portrayal of women's events has contributed to the perceived lack of enthusiasm and interest in following women's events. The media utilizes sexist attitudes,…

Bibliography

Alexander, S. (1994). "Newspaper coverage of athletics as a function of gender." Women's Studies International Forum, 17 (6), 655-662

Armstrong, Richard N; Hallmark, James R. "Gender Equity in Televised Sports: A Comparative Analysis of Men's and Women's NCAA Division I Championship Broadcasts, 1991-1995). Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, Vol. 43, 1999.

Blinde, E.M., Greendorder, S.L., & Shenker, R.J. (1991). "Differential media coverage of men's and women's intercollegiate basketball: Reflection of gender and ideology." Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 15, (2), 98-114

Bryant, J. (1980). "A two-year selective investigation of the female athlete in sport as reported in the paper media." Arena Review, 4, 32-44

media / favorite form media. You choose . Analysis

In my opinion, the most preferable form of mass media is the fairly conventional compact disc. CDs are an excellent sociological tool in learning about one's environment and the relevant issues that affect society today. Additionally, CD's allow for a highly limited form of intervention between the message that the music artist is attempting to convey and its reception by the listener. Conversely, I believe that one of the least preferable forms of media is the internet. Despite the fact that there are vast amounts of information accessible to users on it, there are a number of ways in which using the internet inherently impinges on the privacy of a particular user. Cookies and other sorts of intelligence metrics track the particular activity of people. Moreover, this capability of the internet, when combined with aspects of data governance, data stewardship, and…

Works Cited

Godwin, Allotey. "Libertarian V. Social Responsibility." Allotey Godwin.  http://alloteygodwin.blogspot.com/2009/05/libertarian-v-social-responsibility.html 

No Author. "Introduction to Mass Communication." Zeepedia.com. No date. Web.  http://www.zeepedia.com/read.php?media_theories_libertarian_theory_social_responsibility_theory_introduction_to_mass_communication&b=78&c=39 

No author. "Theories of Communication." www.peoi.org. 2012. Web.  http://www.peoi.org/Courses/Coursesar/mass/mass2.html 

Naveed, Fakhar. "Normative Theories of Mass Communication." Ask For Mass. 2012. Web.  http://mastermasscommunication.blogspot.com/2012/02/normative-theories-of-mass.html

media is an extremely powerful tool which can be used to change people's opinions regarding issues. However the effectiveness of media generally depends on how people use it. The two stories given to the news director are on completely diverse subjects. oth of the stories hold relevance to the society. The one about the celebrity death holds people's interest while enlightening the public about the park story is crucial to creating awareness in people's minds. In today's world, media ratings have become the most important part to media producers (Croteau & Honyes, 2001). Channels don't show news items for public welfare rather they concentrate on stories that make higher profits for them (Daily Source Org, 2005-2012). Keeping in mind the current media landscape, the news director should choose to air the park story as the lead story.

The role of media in the contemporary society has been restricted to the…

Bibliography

Croteau, D., & Hoynes, W. (2001). The Business of Media. California: Pine Forge Press.

Tompkins, A. (2003, December 14). The physcological effects of media violence on children.

New Media Implications

The improvement of internet and other technology and its ready availability to more and more people has revolutionized the structure and population of the media around the world. People that would normally be members of the audience have become the creators of news and vice versa. The lines that separate news makers and people that normally would be making news or expected to make news have blurred significantly and in several different ways. There are many examples of countries that could be focused on for this subject but one of the best is the United States.

Media Structure

There are multiple ways in which the structure of news creators has changed and evolved over recent months and years. One way in which the idea regarding audience and news sources has been altered significantly is the corporate structure of the people that are providing the news. The companies…

References

Babad, E. (2005). The Psychological Price of Media Bias. Journal of Experimental

Psychology. 11 (4), 245-255.

Barkow, J., O'Gorman, R. & Rendell, L. (2012). Are The New Mass Media Subverting

Cultural Transmission. Review of General Psychology. 16 (2), 121-133.

media consumption and subsequent behaviour?

Profiling the criminal behavior of rampage perpetrators is one of the main areas of focus in the social science research community. Gender, mental health issues, social exclusion, genetic susceptibility or predisposition, and ultimately, violent media, are most of the factors that guide researchers in the field, seeking to develop broader frameworks of understanding rampage violence. Over the past three decades, 78 cases of public mass shootings have been registered by the Congressional Research Service (2013). An FI report indicated a rise in typical mass shootings, from 6.4 incidents occurring between 2000 and 2007 to an average of 16.4 incidents between 2007 and 2013 (2013). Most of these public mass shootings have been found to occur either at workplaces or at schools across the United States.

The proliferation of mass shootings over these past few decades has further brought into the public and academic's attention the…

Bibliography

Anderson, C.A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L.R., Johnson, J.D., Linz, D., Malamuth, N.M. And Wartella, A., 2003. The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public interest, 4(3), pp. 81-110.

Berkowitz, L. And Geen R.G., 1966. Film violence and the cue properties of available targets. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), pp. 525-530. [pdf]

Bjorkqvist, K., 1985. Violent films, anxiety, and aggression. Helsinki: Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters.

Bushmann, B.J. And Huesmann, L.R., 2001. Effects of televised violence on aggression. In D. Singer and J. Singer, eds. Handbook of children and the media. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. pp. 223-254.

Consumers often do not know that, for example, Disney owns ABC, when they are watching ABC present an ostensibly objective business story about the children's entertainment industry. Consumers may have the illusion of choice because they are watching different channels, without realizing that they may be watching many channels, all owned by the same network or media mogul.

Fewer media outlets means less diversity in terms of the range of news stories that is covered, not simply ideology. A narrower range of what is deemed 'important' and 'newsworthy' limits consumer awareness about the world. Although channels have proliferated, watching more channels does not necessarily translate into a new perspective, or even more knowledge. Gaining an audience is an expensive and daunting task for new media companies and FCC regulations that would allow for more mergers, permitting consolidation of up to 45% control in a geographic market, would make it all…

References

Blosser, Larry (2010l). Introduction. The case against media consolidation: Evidence on concentration, localism and diversity. Edited by Mark Cooper. Retrieved May 5, 2010 at  http://www.fordham.edu/images/undergraduate/communications/caseagainstmediaconsolidation.pdf 

The Fairness Doctrine. (2003). PBS. Retrieved May 5, 2010 at  http://www.pbs.org/now/politics/fairness.html

Media in America as the Fourth Estate: From Watergate to the Present

During the 1970's, the role of the media changed from simply reporting the news to revealing serious political scandals (Waisbord, 2001). The media's role during Watergate was viewed as the mirror that reflected the most that journalism could offer to democracy: holding powers accountable for their actions. This became a trend in the American media and journalism had high credibility in the years that followed, and a great increase in journalism school enrollment followed.

However, during the 1980's and 1990's, this trend withered away. Investigative journalism is no longer rampant the firmament of American news. While the tone of the press was self-congratulatory in the post-Watergate years, the state of American journalism is currently viewed in a less positive light.

For the elite, the shift in journalism is welcomed. For example, according to John Dean, an American journalist,…

Bibliography

Altbach, Philip. (1995). International book publishing, and Encyclopedia. Fitzroy Dearborn.

Bagdikian, Ben. (1993). The Media Monopoly. Beacon Press.

Barton, C. Franklin, Jay B. (1994). The First Amendment and the Fourth Estate: the Law of Mass Media,6th ed. Foundation Press.

Coronel, Sheila. (July 31, 2000). Investigative Reporting: The Role of the Media in Uncovering Corruption. Southeast Asian Press Alliance.

media in the United States plays an increasingly more active role in what we see, what we hear, how we think, and how we learn about the rest of our world. The media today is comprised of massive, powerful conglomerates and has replaced the small, independent news agencies that once produced the news. Instead, the dissemination of the news has become the responsibility of large corporations whose primary business is most likely something other than collecting, researching, and broadcasting the news. Journalism is no longer the primary responsibility of most news agencies. The new responsibility is generating profits.

Take the example of the one of the world's largest news media companies: Rupert Murdochs's News Corporation which owns the Fox News Agency. In addition Murdoch's Corporation owns an additional individual 26 televisions stations and a majority interest in 7 others. The News Corporation has total assets in excess of 52 billion…

media in today's world appears to be an important task for students wishing to grasp the finer points of video journalism. CNN.com, MSNC.com and foxnews.com all provide a unique blend of internet and television opinion. The purpose of this essay is to examine the biggest breaking story of the moment through the lens of these three web sites. I will compare and contrast the differing elements that make these sites unique and separate.

The trial of American, Amanda Knox, has received much media attention within recent times. Her return to America from Italy after that country's court overturned her murder conviction appeared to be the story of the day on October 4, 2011. Three different news outlets presented this story with us some contrast and difference and provides the basis of this essay.

Greene (2011) reported the story for CNN.com. CNN seems to have the most objective and least emotional…

Bibliography

Foxnews.com (2011). Amanda Knox returns home, thanks supporters. Foxnews.com Oct 4, Retrieved from  http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/10/04/after-4-year-ordeal-seattle - homecoming-for-knox/?test=latestnews

Greene, R. (2011). Italian jury clears American Amanda Knox of murder. CNN.com Oct 3, 2011. Retrieved from  http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/03/world/europe/italy-knox - appeal/index.html

MSNBC.com (2011). Emotional pressure eases as Knox goes free. Oct 4, 2011. Retrieved from  http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44782652/ns/us_news-life/#.To4b77KdHIV

Barack Obama and his wife Michele are regularly presented as symbols of a new era of responsibility and altruistic concern. They are cleaning up the mistakes of the past and represent a future that was presaged by the likes of Abraham Lincoln. They are likable and glamorous, their everyday lives worthy of detailed attention. ABC employs a combination of serious news stories and non-events to put across its message. It edits content to suit the theme. Clips are carefully selected to slant one way or another. ABC News conforms to prevailing news norms wherein much contemporary news coverage has come to emphasize news as a form of entertainment, entertainment that is also meant to be informative in some fashion. News must be entertaining and conform to perceived viewer biases or else viewers will switch to another network. At the same time, ABC's coverage shapes the very views it sells, helping…

Works Cited

Tedesco, John. "Arledge, Roone: U.S. Media Producer/Executive." The Museum of Broadcasting Communications Encyclopedia of TV. The Museum of Broadcasting, No Date. URL:  http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/A/htmlA/arledgeroon/arledgeroon.htm .

Tedesco, John, "Arledge, Roone: U.S. Media Producer/Executive," The Museum of Broadcasting Communications Encyclopedia of TV, The Museum of Broadcasting, (No Date).