reluctant to accept other cultures other military tactics and forms of government which could have help them. There have been several studies on Sparta. Many writers concern themselves more with Spartan institutions than with the relating of a chronological historical narrative (A. Andrewes, 1954). Sparta's unique social structure and military organizations have also aroused the interests of some who choose to interpret her history in terms of a particular ideology or philosophical orientation.
The more prominent features of Spartan that emerged from these researches and history are its war culture, slavery, a rigid and harsh way of life and that they did not accept changes to their living style. Following a detailed discussion of these aspects followed by the reasons why Sparta was reluctant to accept other cultures.

Sparta and ar

The Spartans lived to fight, and they fought to live. The state structure relieved the citizens of the burdens and cares…...

mla

Works Cited

A. Andrewes, Probouleusis, 1954. Sparta's Contribution to the Technique of Government: Oxford

Aristotle. The Politics and The Constitution of Athens. Edited by Steven Everson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Figueira, Thomas J. 2004 ed. Spartan Society. Swansea: Classical Press of Wales

Hornblower, Simon, and Anthony Spawforth, 2003 eds. Oxford Classical Dictionary. 3rd. ed. rev. Oxford: Oxford University Press

The world is more interconnected now than ever before, both with technological tools and also with population migrations that are occurring on an unprecedented scale. People who grow up in pluralistic, heterogeneous societies like the United States, India, or Canada take cultural diversity for granted. However, many people around the world live in homogenous societies with little contact with other cultures other than through what they read about or see in media. Plurality in a diverse society does not, however, automatically lead to social harmony or understanding. In fact, the United States continues to struggle with racist elements in its own society. Places like India that have for centuries been pluralistic also have problems with xenophobia. Discrimination, stereotyping, and suspicion create innumerable psychological and social problems, which can be remedied simply by changing attitudes and norms. Therefore, it is always important to reiterate the need for cultural literacy and cultural…...

Culture
In this briefing new employee human resources, we will be considering cultural management issues in the tourist industry and how they impact upon our business. Our company, Beach Bum Ltd. is a travel consultancy Agency which was recently hired to provide a critical analysis on whether or not sustainable tours can attract American ecological tourists to travel to countries such as Tanzania and Namibia. We are a culturally eclectic group of advisors specialising in all aspects of tourism. Cultural sensitivity is not only our watchword, but our bottomline. Please do not feel overwhelmed by all of this information. Some of you may feel as though you are back in college. est assured, the difference between profit and bankruptcy in our business is the ability to sell in that person's culture. People like to feel important and an acknowledgement of their importance is not just being nice. It is also good…...

mla

Reference: Managing an International Workforce . San Francisco: Pfeiffer. p65-67.

Hofstede, G, and Hofstede, GJ (2004). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. 2nd ed. New York: New York. P16-17.

Kwintessential.co.uk. (2011). Intercultural Training and the Expatriate Assignment. Available:   Last accessed 24 Nov 2011.http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/cultural-services/articles/expatriate-intercultural-training.html .

Thomas, D (2003). Readings and cases in international management: a cross-cultural perspective . Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. p17-18.

Wang, X and Wall, G. (2002). Cultural Tourism: an Assessment of Marketing Strategies in Dalian, Nanjing and Hainan, China. Available: lin.ca/Uploads/cclr11/CCLR11-163.pdf. Last accessed 24 Nov 2011.

They wanted to know the best places to go after work, and expected him to help them in that regard.
Hanes finally told his Japanese trainers "he preferred not to mix business with pleasure." ithin a couple days, the group requested another instructor. The critical issue here, one can quickly discern, is that Hanes did not do his homework on the Japanese business culture; if he had, he would know the Japanese are intensely committed to their work, on duty and off duty.

The "Miscue No. 2" involves Ray Lopez, top salesperson for his company who was fluent in Spanish; he was sent to Buenos Aires to make a marketing pitch to a distribution firm there. He arrived and was picked up at the airport and surprised to learn that the meeting had been postponed for two days "...so that Ray could rest after the long trip" and also have an…...

mla

Works Cited

Hult, G. Tomas M.; Cavusgil, S. Tamer; Deligonul, Seyda; Kiyak, Tunga; & Lagerstrom,

Katarina. (2007) What Drives Performance in Globally Focused Marketing Organizations? A Three-Country Study. Journal of International Marketing, 15(2), 58-85.

Keeley, Timothy Dean. 2001, International Human Resource Management in Japanese Firms: Their Greatest Challenge, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Kim, Youngok, Gray, Sidney J. 2005, 'Strategic factors influencing international human resource management practices: an empirical study of Australian multinational corporations', International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 809-830.

This also has major implications for military operations, both within a military unit and in the interaction between the military unit and another culture. Essentially, the problem of ethnocentrism can be seen at the root of the other cultural problems discussed in this context; it implies both a lack of understanding about the impacts of the unit's culture on the people of a foreign culture, as well as a lack of appreciation and understanding for that culture (Hoskins 2007).

Conclusion

Culture is strange, in that it is both constant and always changing. The only static culture is a dead one; as the various elements and generations of a culture interact, change is bound to happen. When there is no longer any interaction within a culture or between a given culture and other cultures, there is no longer any point to that culture, and indeed that culture could not realistically exist -- in…...

mla

References

DiMarco, L. (2003). Traditions, changes, and challenges: Military operations and the Middle Eastern city. Diane Publsihing.

Harrison, D.; Light, L. & Rothschild-Boros, M. (2008). Cultural anthropology: Our diverse world. New York: Wadsworth.

Hoskins, B. (2007). "Religion and other cultural variable in modern operational environments." Accessed 16 October 2009.  http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA470675&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf 

O'Neil, D. (2007). "Characteristics of Culture." Accessed 16 October 2009. http://anthro.palomar.edu/culture/culture_2.htm

For example, the sexual revolution in Iran was part of a larger cultural movement that encouraged the challenge of a large number of social changes. "This social movement encompasses behaviours such as pushing the envelope on Islamic dress, sexual behaviours, heterosocializing, driving around in cars playing loud illegal music, partying, drinking, dancing and so on -- to include basically, young people doing what they were not supposed to do under Islamic law" (Mahdavi, 2012, p.35).
In fact, the link between how a society approaches sex and that society's overall approaches towards human rights is interesting to note. Generally, the more liberal a society and the more protective of individual freedoms, the more permissive that society's approach will be towards sexuality, particularly female sexuality. In fact, when a totalitarian regime has been challenged, there seems to be a swing in the other direction, with an embrace of human rights, including rights…...

mla

References

Elliston, D. (2005). Erotic anthropology: "Ritualized homosexuality" in Melanesia and beyond.

In J. Robertson (Ed.), Same sex cultures and sexualities: An anthropological reader (pp.91-115). Malden: Blackwell.

Hunter, M. (2012). Rights amidst wrongs: The paradoxes of gender rights-based approaches towards AIDS in South Africa. In P. Aggleton, P. Boyce, H.L. Moore, & P. Parker (Eds.), Understanding global sexualities: New frontiers (pp.66-74). London: Routledge.

Mahdavi, P. (2012). 'The personal is political and the political is personal': Sexuality, politics, and social movements in modern Iran. In P. Aggleton, P. Boyce, H.L. Moore, & P. Parker (Eds.), Understanding global sexualities: New frontiers (pp.34-48). London: Routledge.

In histoy, in most of the Indian families, the inheitance of the estates of the family is left to the lineage of males in the family. Though since the yea 1956, the law in India has always teated females and males as equals in mattes of inheitance whee thee is no legal will witten. Cuently, Indians have become wise and ae using legal wills fo the inheitance and succession of popety. The usage of legal wills at of the yea 2004 stands at about 20%.
The ate of divoce in India is extemely low. It stands at 1% as compaed to 40% which is expeienced in the U.S. These statistics of divoce do not, howeve, give a complete pictue of the divoce situation in India. This is because many maiages that end up being split do so without a fomal divoce. Thee is a eseach gap in the scientific studies…...

mla

references. [Article]. Journal of Food Science, 69(4), SNQ191-SNQ192. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06362.x

Johnson, H. (2007). 'Happy Diwali!' Performance, Multicultural Soundscapes and Intervention in Aotearoa/New Zealand. [Article]. Ethnomusicology Forum, 16(1), 71-94. doi: 10.1080/17411910701276526

Kurien, P.A. (2006). Multiculturalism and "American" Religion: The Case of Hindu Indian-Americans. Social Forces, 85(2), 723-741.

Mandair, a. (2007). Interdictions: Language, Religion & the (dis)Orders of Indian Identity. [Article]. Social Identities, 13(3), 337-361. doi: 10.1080/13504630701363978

Mintz, S.W., & Bois, C.M.D. (2002). The Anthropology of Food and Eating. Annual Review of Anthropology, 31(ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: 2002 / Copyright © 2002 Annual Reviews), 99-119.

The very notion of 'Asian-American' is a false construction, given the distinctive cultures that exist within the region. Moreover, some recent Asian immigrants, such as those from Cambodia or Vietnam, may have more impoverished economic circumstances than individuals from more affluent Asian nations.
Culture is not a static thing: it is constantly in flux, and fuses with other cultures. A second-generation immigrant may passionately identify with certain aspects of his parent's culture, but may also incorporate elements of America into his identity. Every time there is an encounter with another culture, both representatives from each culture will change. A good example of this can be seen in religion: even though the religion of Christianity was imposed upon African-Americans, African-American religious traditions have reconfigured this religion into something positive and uplifting that can serve as a vehicle of political and spiritual mobilization.

The temptation, when viewing a new culture, is to look…...

There are different styles and measurements that have been used by this model in reflecting on the relationship between culture and leadership. The model proposes and stands by the fact that transformational leadership is a building that is established with the use of an appropriate avenue of culture. The model states and supports the fact that it becomes highly possible to have a genuine basement. This is a basement in which all the possible avenues of performances and attributes are giving to the generalized states of establishing and leading people. Culture can be dominant in some situations. Nonetheless, the establishment and building of culture is because there are many attributes of change and management that will call for the establishment and maintenance of a good cultural background at any given time. According to studies, transformational leadership styles are more effective than transactional leadership styles, and transactional leadership styles are more…...

mla

References

Harvard business review on breakthrough leadership. (2001). Boston: Harvard Business

School Press.

Hodgetts, Richard M., Luthans, Fred, & Doh, Jonathan P. (2005). International Management:

Culture, Strategy, and Behavior W / Olc Card Mp. Irwin Professional Pub.

Such differences may lead us to question whether there are any universal moral principles or whether morality is merely a matter of "cultural taste" (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks and Meyer: 1).
If there is no transcendent ethical or moral standard, then cultural relativists argue that culture becomes the ethical norm for determining whether an action is right or wrong. This ethical system is known as cultural relativism. Cultural relativism is the view that all ethical truth is relative to a specific culture. hatever a cultural group approves is considered right within that culture. Conversely, whatever a cultural group condemns is wrong (Relativism: 2).

The key to the doctrine of "cultural relativism" is that right and wrong can only be judged relative to a specified society. There is no ultimate standard of right and wrong by which to judge culture. Proponents of cultural relativism believe this cultural diversity proves that culture alone is…...

mla

Works Cited

Anderson, Kerby. "Cultural Relativism." (2004):1-5.

Accessed 1 April 2012.

www.probe.org

"Argument by Morality: Axiological Argument." 2002. Accessed 7 April 2012.

culture might influence the perception of time. Provide an example from two cultures and explain how each culture differs in its members' perception of time.
Perceptions of time: An intercultural comparison

The United States is a clock time-focused society, particularly in regards to business activities. Events during the workday are supposed to happen at an appointed hour, in most instances. hen the local Starbucks posts that it will open at 9am, its customers are restless if it is still closed at 9:15am. In contrast, in many other cultures, specific demarcations of time are not rigorously observed. In other cultures, 'event-based' time is of greater priority -- whatever event happens to draw the focus of the participants in the moment is given greater weight than the fact that the clock says it is time to begin a particular activity (Brislin & Kim 2003: 366).

Punctuality is important in the United States, in contrast…...

mla

While Japanese culture, like American culture, is punctual as a rule, it is also far less individualistic. The need to affirm relationships before, during, and after a negotiation is just as important as anything expressed explicitly in dialogue. This emphasis on community values also reflects a more polychromic notion of time, in which more than one thing is being affirmed during a single incident -- agreeing to do something is not simply a good business decision, but is also perceived as paving the way for a long-term relationship.

Although Japan may be a 'workaholic' nation like the United States, this derives less from a sense of individualistic self-betterment and more from wishing to honor community expectations (Brislin & Kim 2003: 371). Values such as honoring one's social obligations, becoming part of a fabric of a community and filial piety are not completely absent in the U.S., but are given far less emphasis and are thus far less significant in motivating behaviors and shaping attitudes towards time (Lu, Gilmour, & Kao 2001: 487).

Long-term and short-term orientations can also affect people's health. Cultures that are very short-term and present-focused may give less priority to taking preventative steps to reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. When advised to eat less sugar and stop smoking, the patient may simply shrug his or her shoulders and say, fatalistically, "we're all going to die of something." Particularly if the culture is very communitarian in orientation and socialization and doing what other people are doing (such as overeating, smoking, and drinking) is given great importance, this can result in poorer health outcomes. Cultures with a strong emphasis on the past and not on the present or on the future can be reluctant to change unhealthy behaviors (such as in Latin America) while cultures with

Culture is defined by the pattern of collective thoughts and behavior that people living in social groups learn, create and share. Characteristics within culture distinguish different groups from each other and highlight key differences between the human world and the animal kingdom. Anthropology emerged as a field of academic study of human culture in order to understand the diversity of the practices and values of different human populations.
With the advent of advanced technology, communication, and media capabilities, widespread globalization has emerged, resulting in an apparent decrease in the difference between cultures throughout the world. The results of this globalization may be observed in the homogeneity of certain aspects of pop culture, mostly due to media such as television and the internet. Although younger generations of people in different countries on different continents appear to behave similarly in a lot of respects, the question should be addressed as to whether…...

e. according to American norms and conventions. Part of this, incidentally, was due too to the fault of government itself that failed to provide them with the land, which the Hmong could have fertilized.
I realized that even thoguh America has gone a long way in attempting to appreciate other cultures and in refraining from foisting their own way of life on cultures other than they; they still do so to a certain extent.

I also wonder why people found it so hard to understand that others coming from lives so different than they would need time to acclimate and learn their 'language'.

Most of all I was impressed with the steadfastness, courage, and resilience of the Lees to resolutely cling to her traditions and way of life despite recrimination and hardship.

There are some things that are better in the Hmong culture than in the Western culture, such as the man's devotion to…...

mla

Reference

Fadiman, A. The spirit catches you and you fall down. Farrar & co., 1997

African Culture: An Overview
As with other cultures, one may find that the African culture is quite different from the culture of the Caucasians, Asians, and Europeans. However, due to urbanization, improvements, and influences that they find in the continuous development of technology, there has been gradual similarities that were created between their culture and that of the other races.

The traditional African culture is basically composed of beliefs that they inherited from their ancestors. Mostly, this includes beliefs in gods and goddesses, as well as in different forms of idols. Their ways of living from day-to-day are based on the principles of their beliefs in gods and goddesses in which their objective is to always please their gods. If one is to visit a conventional African tribe, one can find different statues, valuable goods, and exotic foods that they consider as parts of their lives and are most of the time…...

mla

Bibliography

Onah, G. The Meaning of Peace in African Traditional Religion and Culture.

Retrieved on June 9, 2005 from Afrikaworld Online.

Web site: http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/goddionah.htm

Wermter, O. African Family Culture.

Cultural Psychology
Review of Saudi Arabia

Muslim culture is one of the religions with the oldest and most extensive histories. It has its impacts on the world's greatest civilizations such as Sultanate of Usmania, Saudi Arabia, and Middle East and in different eras, Muslim rulers have extended their kingdoms to various parts of the world. Muslim culture even has its imprints on various fields of Science and Sociology. Despite all the richness of this culture, it is the one facing major criticism globally. One after another, events are taking place in a sequence which has highlighted the importance of Muslim countries in global Politics and economy.

These days, political decisions taken by the governments of Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and other Muslim countries have become part of daily news headlines. On the other hand, the incident of 9/11 has changed the global scenario of this world. Policies of many western countries have been…...

....

I. Introduction

A. Hook: Begin with an anecdote or quote that highlights the captivating intersection of poetry and music in Ireland.
B. Background: Provide a brief overview of the cultural and historical significance of both poetry and music in Ireland.
C. Thesis Statement: Clearly state your central argument about the unique relationship between poetry and music collaborations in Ireland.

II. Body Paragraph 1: Historical Collaborations

A. Discuss notable historical instances of poetry and music collaborations in Ireland.
B. Highlight collaborative forms like the Irish bardic tradition, aisling poems with musical accompaniment, and the fusion of traditional Irish music with 20th-century poetry.
C. Analyze the impact of these....

Technological Advancements and Their Impact on Culture

Technology has become an integral part of our lives, shaping our interactions, knowledge acquisition, and cultural practices. Its pervasive influence has affected cultures worldwide, transforming both tangible and intangible aspects of society. This essay examines the multifaceted impact of technology on a specific culture, exploring its profound effects on communication, entertainment, education, and social dynamics.

Communication:

Technology has revolutionized communication, enabling instant and global connections. Social media platforms, messaging apps, and video conferencing tools have bridged distances, allowing people from different cultures to interact seamlessly. This interconnectedness has fostered cross-cultural exchange, introducing new perspectives and challenging....

1. The traditional lifestyle of the Maasai people and how it has been impacted by modernization and globalization.
2. The role of women in Maasai society and how their roles have evolved over time.
3. The unique cultural practices and beliefs of the Maasai people, including ceremonies, rituals, and customs.
4. The relationship between the Maasai people and wildlife conservation efforts in Africa.
5. The challenges facing the Maasai community today, including issues such as land rights, education, and healthcare.
6. The history of the Maasai people and their interactions with other cultures and colonial powers.
7. The impact of tourism on the Maasai community and....