Protective Function Privilege -- Definition / Description
A definition of "protective function privilege" is offered by Michael Kennedy, a Law Clerk for District Judge Shira A. Scheindlin (in the U.S. District court for the Southern District of New York). Published in the Northwestern University Law Review, Kennedy's scholarly piece explains that a deliberative process privilege is a "…shield with which the executive branch deflects public scrutiny into its internal processes" (Kennedy, 2005, 1769). Basically the protective function privilege (PFP) includes any "deliberative material" -- recommendations, advice, and opinions -- which can be kept out of public view in instances of litigation.

The PFP applies in the event a "Freedom of Information Act" request is made for certain information; and PFP is designed so it can rebuff Congressional requests for internal materials, when the release of certain sensitive materials would jeopardize legitimate government discussions or policies, according to the author. Kennedy explains that…...

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Works Cited

Johnson, N.H. (1998). From U.S. District Judge's Holloway's Order.

Kennedy, M.N. (2005). Escaping the Fishbowl: A Proposal to Fortify the Deliberative Process

Privilege. Northwestern University Law Review, 99(4), 1769-1782.

Lane, C. (1998). Unprotected. The New Republic, page 6.

Although there has been some movement away from the legalistic mode of child protection favored in the 1980s and 1990s, there is still a focus on forensic investigation of child abuse, which does not allow for sufficient between high risk families and low risk families, decreasing the chances that truly at risk children will receive protection, as well as increasing the risk of intervention in functioning families. Currently, Australia is taking a public health approach to child protective services. "In most states child protection services are part of a broader department of human services" (Lamont & Bromfield, 2010).
The dramatic increase in services to children in danger has come with a very high price tag. "Nationally, approximately $2.8 billion was spent on child protection and out-of-home care services in 2010-11, which was an increase of $137.7 million from 2009-10. Of this expenditure, out-of-home care services accounted for the majority (64.9%…...

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References

Bromfield, L. & Holzer, P. (2008). A national approach for child protection: Project report.

Retrieved March 26, 2013 from New South Wales Government website:  http://www.community.nsw.gov.au/docswr/_assets/main/documents/childprotection_report.pdf 

Bromfield, L., Holzer, P., Lamont, A., Kovaks, K., Richardson, N., & Scott, D. (2013). How

much does Australia spend on child protection? Retrieved March 27, 2013 from Australian Institute of Family Studies website:  http://www.aifs.gov.au/cfca/pubs/factsheets/a142118/index.html

Child Protective Services in Florida: Comparing and Contrasting with California and TexasIntroductionChild protective services are used to protect the welfare of children who may be at risk of abuse. Traditionally, child protective service agencies have relied on formal investigations to assess the safety of a child\\\'s living situation (Ferguson & Ferguson, 2011). However, this approach can sometimes be seen as adversarial or stressful for families (Loman, 2006). For this reason, these agencies run the risk of making a bad situation worse. In recognition of this challenge, some states, including Florida, California, and Texas, have implemented alternative responses to child protective investigations, aiming for a more collaborative and family-centered approach (Merkel-Holgun et al., 2006). The purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the alternative responses to investigation available to child protective agencies in Florida, and contrast them with those in two other statesnamely, California and Texas.Florida, California, and TexasIn…...

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ReferencesConley, A., & Duerr Berrick, J. (2010). Community-based child abuse prevention: Outcomes associated with a differential response program in California. Child maltreatment, 15(4), 282-292.Ferguson, T. H., & Ferguson, H. (2011). Child protection practice. Bloomsbury Publishing.Loman, L. A. (2006). Families frequently encountered by child protection services: A report on chronic child abuse and neglect. St. Louis, MO: Institute of Applied Research.Merkel-Holguín, L. A., Kaplan, C., & Kwak, A. (2006). National study on differential response in child welfare. Washington, DC: American Humane Association and Child Welfare League of America.Patel, D., McClure, M., Phillips, S., & Booker, D. (2017). Child protective services workforce analysis and recommendations. The Texas Association for the Protection of Children, 1-50.

Protective service operations are of the utmost importance when considering the impact that leadership and those who are being protected have upon the environment. The sacrifices made by secret service agents demonstrate the essence of teamwork, faith and dedication to the American way. Protective operations are complex however, and require some in-depth study to truly appreciate these practices that contribute to the general good.
The purpose of this essay is to explain the conducting of a protective service operation for an employee who is at high risk for targeting. This essay will describe in detail the specific 3 phases that are necessary to be successful in this procedure. The essay will first discuss phase I which includes the research, reconnaissance and counter surveillance operations contained in protective operations. Phase II will then be discussed which focuses on the planning aspect of the operation. Execution is the third phase of these operations…...

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References

Department of Homeland Security. (2008, October). Active shooter: How to respond. Retrieved from  http://www.alerts.si.edu/docs/DHS_ActiveShooterBook.pdf 

Fein, R.A. & Vossekuil, B. (1998). Protective intelligence and threat assessment Investigations: A guide for State and local law enforcement officials. U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice. Retrieved from  http://www.secretservice.gov/ntac/PI_Guide.pdf 

The Free Dictionary. "Surveillance." Viewed 5 May 2014. Retrieved from  http://www.secretservice.gov/usss_strategic_plan_2008_2013.pdf 

Hayes, B. (2010). Protecting people at risk. Security, 47(12), 40-40. Retrieved from H-PU library Proquest criminal justice  http://search.proquest.com/docview/846781971?accountid=136858

Protective Service Operations
Comparison and Contrast of the considerations and special problems the protective service agent

Providing security or protection to VIPs is still in its initial phase and has been occupied by groups and agencies, which differ in quality as well as dependability. The security provided to VIPs such as, politicians and diplomats are handled and governed by trained and skillful personnel having a uniform code of ethics and operations. While, these groups are well outfitted to do their job efficiently, they are quite dissimilar compared to those who offer security to the business executives and celebrities. As these later agencies are usually owned and governed by the ex-army-men or ex-police recruits. Whereupon, these agencies look on this area of business as a great opportunity to mature and grow as it has been their core career skills. But what these agencies lack are high technology equipments and skilled employees at the…...

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References

Cox, D. (2001). Close Protection: The Politics of Guarding Russia's Rulers. Westport, CT.

Oatman, R.L., (1999). The art of executive protection. Baltimore, Noble House.

applying: safeguard protective clothing manufacturers bulletproof vests -- apply strategies • Definition marketing (U1 DB) • Introduction product/service (U1 DB) • Situation Analysis - marketing environment forces impacting product/service (U1 IP) • Marketing Strategy - target market(s) positioning (U2 DB & U2 IP) • Product/Service overview strategies (U3 DB) • Pricing Strategy (U4 DB) • Distribution Channels (U3 IP) You add Abstract, Introduction, Conclusion, Integrated Marketing Communications Mix, including: • Overview integrated marketing communications • Promotion Mix Strategy - explain a push pull strategy • Message Strategy - decide general message communicated target market promotional tools • Promotion Mix - choose (3) promotional tools (advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations direct marketing).
Bulletproof Vests Plan

Abstract

The objective of this paper relies on discussing the importance of marketing strategies. The following pages focus on developing a marketing plan for a company that produces bulletproof vests. The introductory section is intended to…...

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Reference list:

1. Jain, S. (2008). Integrated Marketing Communication. Global India Publications. Retrieved August 17, 2011 from  http://books.google.ro/books?id=4g3M61Oo38QC&printsec=frontcover&dq=integrated+marketing+communications&hl=ro#v=onepage&q=integrated%20marketing%20communications&f=false .

2. Porter, M. (1998). Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. Retrieved August 17, 2011 from  http://books.google.ro/books?id=QN0kyeHXtJMC&pg=PA127&dq=push+pull+strategy&hl=ro#v=onepage&q=push%20pull%20strategy&f=false .

3. Dolak, D. (2010). The Marketing Communications or promotional Mix. Retrieved august 17, 2011 from http://www.davedolak.com/promix.htm.

Clandestine Drug Labs and the Fire Service
hat are the risks and inherent dangers when firefighters are facing a blaze that resulted from a meth lab? hat should firefighters do when they suspect a fire has been caused by the existence of a meth lab? Are clandestine meth labs more prevalent then they were a few years ago? These questions and others will be addressed in this paper.

hat States' Firefighters have the biggest Threats from Meth Labs?

According to the U.S. Department of Justice (and the Drug Enforcement Agency) the states with the most meth labs (as of 2011) are Missouri (2,684 busts in 2011), Indiana (1,364 busts in 2011), Kentucky (with 1,084 busts) and Tennessee (1,130 busted meth labs). Other states that have a great deal of meth lab activity include Oklahoma (916), Michigan (365 labs busted), Mississippi (269 labs shut down) and Iowa (380 labs busted) (DOJ, 2012).

These states have…...

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Works Cited

Hadlock, Tim. (2010). Clandestine Drug Labs Present Hidden Dangers for Firefighters.

Fire Engineering. Retrieved September 14, 2012, from  http://www.fireengineering.com .

Jordan, Larry P. (2011). Calhoun firefighters lean about dangers of meth labs. The Times and Democrat. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from  http://thetandd.com .

Lindsey, William, and DeNicola, Michael. (2010). Trust Your Instincts. Fire Chief. Retrieved September 15, 2012, from  http://firechief.com .

Kevin Golden v. Town of Collierville 06a0062n.06; 167 Fed. Appx. 474; 2006 U.S. App.

Plaintiff firefighter appealed a decision of the United States District Court for the estern District of Tennessee, which granted summary judgment in favor of defendants, a town, its administrator, a fire chief, and an assistant fire chief, on his procedural due process and equal protection claims under 42 U.S.C.S. § 1983. The district court also dismissed the firefighter's claims for civil conspiracy under state law.

The firefighter, who was white, claimed that he was offered but then denied a promotion to the position of fire lieutenant because of his race. Instead, another firefighter who was black was promoted to the position. Defendants argued that the black firefighter was promoted because he ranked above the white firefighter in the testing and interview process. On appeal from the district court's decision, the court held: the district court properly granted summary…...

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Works Cited

Biondo v. City of Chicago 2002 U.S. Dist.

Columbus Civil Service Commission v. McGlone 82 Ohio St. 3d 569; 1998 Ohio 410; 697

N.E.2d 204; 1998 Ohio

Gary L. Knapp et al. v. City of Columbus 06a0472n.06; 192 Fed. Appx. 323; 2006 U.S. App.

Internal evenue Service's Use of Circular 230 to egulate Tax Preparers
An oft repeated maxim in American history states sardonically that "in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except for death and taxes" (Franklin, 1840), and under the modern statutes of federal tax code that observation has never been more prescient. With taxes imposed by local, state and federal governments throughout the entirety of our natural lives, Americans living in 2012 may be facing the most extensive excises ever levied by one nation on its citizenry. Considering the dreaded annual income tax, the sales taxes added to the cost of consumer goods, and property taxes attached to home valuations, the average person is compelled to contribute thousands of dollars annually to support the revenue shortages of a mismanaged federal government. Even the choice to gift a sum of money to your child, spouse or lifelong friend, perhaps…...

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References

Franklin, B. (1840). Letter to m. le roy on the affairs of france. In J. Sparks (Ed.), The works of Benjamin Franklin: containing several political and historical tracts not included in any

former edition, and many letters, official and private, not hitherto published; with notes and a life of the author (Vol. 10th). Retrieved from  http://books.google.com/books?id=weTtwiiGUYQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ 

ge_summary_r&cad=0

Fraud in income tax return preparation. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight of the Committee on Ways and Means, 109th Cong. 1 (2005).

Clearly the Secret Service is expanding it's investigative arm; in 2010 the Service established it's second overseas Electronic Crimes Task Force (ECTF), this one in London (in 2009 the Service established an ECTF in Rome, Italy). The point of the ECTF is to provide an avenue through which European and American law enforcement agencies -- along with private sector and academia -- can work together to investigate, suppress and prevent computer-related criminal activity (USSS).

Again and again in the 72-page Fiscal Year 2010 Report readers are reminded of one of the main missions of the Secret Service -- to hunt down and arrest counterfeiters. In 2010 the Secret Service -- along with local authorities -- arrested four Colombian counterfeiters (in Bogota Colombia) that had been printing U.S. currency and distributing it in the United States. Columbia is one of the most prolific producers of counterfeit American money, the report explains, and…...

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Works Cited

Ambinder, Marc. (2011). Inside the Secret Service. The Atlantic. Retrieved August 11, 2011,

from  http://www.theatlantic.com .

Department of Homeland Security. (2011). Total Budget Authority by Organization. Retrieved August 10, 2011, from http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/budget_bib_fy2011.pdf.

Kessler, Ronald. (2010). In the President's Secret Service: Behind the Scenes with Agents in the Line of Fire and the Presidents They Protect. New York: Random House Digital, Inc.

Clandestine Drug Laboratories and Fire Service
The menace of clandestine drug labs has been in existence for decades now and is a widespread issue over all the states across the country. The labs are established in homes, backyards, stores, apartments, hotel rooms, covered boats and even trunk homes.

The police departments and the concerned authorities do invade on intelligence information, several of these clandestine drug labs but the worrying this is the contamination that remains once the found equipment and substance is confiscated.

These materials that remain behind can contaminate porous walls and floor covers, the house heating vents as well as the air conditioning system, let alone the furniture that is daily exposed to the elements. Lots of times the next occupants are not aware of the activities of the previous occupants and even if they are aware, they may not know the dangers that lie therein.

Without proper and professional decontamination, the…...

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References

Asia & Pacific Amphetamine-Type stimulants Information Centre, (2009). Clandestine

Labs. Retrieved March 9, 2011 from  http://www.apaic.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=70&Itemid=85 

David P, (2011). Clandestine Drug Labs. Retrieved March 9, 2011 from Film Group, (2011). Meth Labs -- A to Z. Hazards for Emergency Responders.http://cms.firehouse.com/content/article/article.jsp?id=12333&sectionId=18EmerEgency

Retrieved March 9, 2011 from http://www.efilmgroup.com/AtoZ.html

Traditional Model vs. Community ModelIntroductionChild Protective Services (CPS) has long played an important role in the safeguarding of vulnerable children by providing intervention services in cases of abuse and neglect. Traditionally, this system has operated on a reactive model, where welfare workers respond to allegations most often after harm to the child has already occurred. Of course, this approach has undeniably saved countless children, but it is not without its limitations. In Florida, as in many parts of the nation, there has been a growing realization that the traditional model may not be the best possible model for addressing the challenges of child protection, including the prevention of serious harm before it occurs. This paper looks at the limitations of the traditional CPS model and examines the positive potential of community partnerships. It shows that with the help of the communitys collective strength, there is a chance to reimagine child…...

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ReferencesDaro, D., & Dodge, K. A. (2009). Creating community responsibility for child protection: Possibilities and challenges. Future of Children, 19(2), 67-93.Dettlaff, A. J., Rivaux, S. L., Baumann, D. J., Fluke, J. D., Rycraft, J. R., & James, J. (2011). Disentangling substantiation: The influence of race, income, and risk on the substantiation decision in child welfare. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(9), 1630-1637.Dolan, P., Canavan, J., & Pinkerton, J. (2011). Family support as reflective practice. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Font, S. A. (2015). Is higher placement stability in kinship foster care by virtue or design? Child Abuse & Neglect, 42, 99-111.Kemp, S. P., Marcenko, M. O., Hoagwood, K., & Vesneski, W. (2009). Engaging parents in child welfare services: Bridging family needs and child welfare mandates. Child Welfare, 88(1), 101-126.Koroloff, N. M., Elliott, D. J., Koren, P. E., & Friesen, B. J. (1996). Linking low-income families to children\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s mental health services: An outcome study. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 4(1), 2-11.Maguire-Jack, K., & Font, S. A. (2017). Community and individual risk factors for physical child abuse and child neglect: Variations by poverty status. Child Maltreatment, 22(3), 215-226.Munro, E. (2011). The Munro review of child protection: Final report, a child-centred system. Department for Education.Pelton, L. H. (2015). The continuing role of material factors in child maltreatment and placement. Child Abuse & Neglect, 41, 30-39.Simon, J. D., Gandarilla Ocampo, M., Drake, B., & Jonson-Reid, M. (2022). A review of screened-out families and child protective services involvement: A missed opportunity to prevent future maltreatment with community-based services. Child maltreatment, 27(4), 693-706.

Moreover, it is unclear whether Jim has attempted to reestablish any meaningful contact with his children; rather, his entire focus has been on becoming a better person. While there is certainly nothing wrong with that goal in and of itself (it is, after all, a universal human quality), he appears to have pursued this goal to the total exclusion of making any substantive reparations to his family. Finally, it is interesting that Jim somehow feels compelled to tell others -- including potential employers -- about his criminal past and his current status in treatment, as if this ongoing commitment to all-out honesty somehow absolves him from a deceptive and duplicitous history, or at least helps to explain it (which it does if one is interested). According to Jim, "Entering into society again was very difficult. I had lost my business, my friends and was now divorced. After leaving jail, I…...

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References

Black's law dictionary. (1991). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co.

Bryant, J.K. (2009, June). School counselors and child abuse reporting. Professional School

Counseling, 12(5), 130-132.

Bryant, J. & Milsom, a. (2005, October). Child abuse reporting by school counselors.

These measures included laws, which denied services to undocumented residents, alerted police to assume ICE functions, penalized for employers who hired the aliens, and made English the official language. In Arizona, ordinary citizens were encouraged to report businesses, which hired suspicious foreign-looking persons. Hispanics were the major targets of this xenophobia because they were believed to be the major law violators. Statistics showed that there were approximately 12 million undocumented immigrants, most of them Latinos or Hispanics, in the U.S. The national bias against them showed up in studies, which considered only them in determining how much they were costing the country in services. ut did they really drain the economy? A spokesman for the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission did not think so. A 2004 study on "foreign-born" citizens of Virginia alone concluded that Asians outnumbered Hispanics. The Commission found that these "foreign-born" citizens were not a…...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Galuszka, P. (2008). Hispanics bearing the brunt of xenophobia. Diverse Issues in Higher

Education: Cox, Matthews & Associates. Retrieved on March 24, 2009 from  http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_mWMX/is_1_25/ai_n2491956?tag=content;col1 

ICE (2008). About ICE. Immigration and Customs Enforcement: U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved on March 24, 2009 from http://www.ice.gov/about/index.htm

Marcucci, M.R. (2007). Marchers call for immigration reform. Oakland Tribune: ANG

ocial Work and Burnout
Providing psychiatric and other forms of social work has been the chosen field of many generations of social workers and a major source of services in mental health facilities. ince psychiatric services are a subset of a larger career field of the health care profession, when the definition of social worker was expanded to health care professionals, it can be understood that the issue of burnout in the health care fields is of increasing importance. The health care professional is responsible for the well-being of others, and when the health care worker spends their time and energy giving to the well being of others without monitoring, or attending to their own needs, not only is the health care worker affected, but so is the entire health care profession, and client base. This research is designed to investigate, and determine some of the factors which contribute to…...

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Spector, P.E., & O'Connell, B.J. (1994). The contribution of personality traits, negative affectivity, locus of control, and type A to the subsequent reports of job stressors and job strains. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67, 1-12.

Ullmann, A., Goos, M., Davis, M., & Mushinski, M. (1971). Activities satisfaction and problems of social work in hospital settings: A comparative study. Social Service Review, 45, 17-29.

Weismann, C., Alexander, C., & Chase, G. (1980). Job satisfaction among hospital nurses: A longitudinal study. Health Services Research, 15, 341-364.

1. Educate communities on recognizing and reporting child abuse: Provide training and resources to community members on how to spot signs of child abuse and how to report it to the appropriate authorities.

2. Implement prevention programs: Offer prevention programs in schools, community centers, and other public spaces to educate families on positive parenting techniques, healthy child development, and ways to prevent abuse.

3. Create support networks: Establish support groups, hotlines, and community centers dedicated to supporting families facing challenges and providing resources for parents in need of assistance.

4. Engage law enforcement and child protection agencies: Encourage collaboration between law enforcement, child....

Community Collaboration in Preventing and Addressing Child Abuse

Child abuse is a pervasive societal issue that requires a multifaceted approach to prevention and intervention. Communities play a critical role in fostering safe environments for children by implementing comprehensive strategies that engage stakeholders, promote awareness, and enhance support systems.

1. Establish a Community Coalition:

Bring together representatives from various sectors, including law enforcement, healthcare, social services, education, faith-based organizations, and community groups.
Facilitate open dialogue, share information, and develop a coordinated plan for prevention and response.

2. Promote Awareness and Education:

Launch public awareness campaigns to educate communities about the signs and symptoms of....

1. Increase outreach efforts in rural communities: Adult Protective Services can collaborate with local organizations, senior centers, churches, and community groups to raise awareness about their services and the importance of reporting abuse or neglect.

2. Develop partnerships with local healthcare providers: APS can work with healthcare providers in rural areas to identify and address the needs of older adults who may be at risk of abuse or neglect. This can include training healthcare providers on how to recognize signs of abuse and how to report it to APS.

3. Provide transportation options: Many older adults in rural areas may not have....

Addressing and Preventing Elder Abuse in Canada

Elder abuse, a serious and often hidden issue, is a significant concern in Canadian communities. To combat this pervasive problem, the government, organizations, and individuals have implemented a range of measures to address and prevent its occurrence.

Government Initiatives:

National Strategy for the Prevention of Elder Abuse: Launched in 2018, this national framework outlines comprehensive actions to prevent, identify, respond to, and prosecute elder abuse. It focuses on collaboration, awareness, justice, and supporting vulnerable seniors.
Elder Abuse Awareness Campaign: Public awareness campaigns are conducted to educate the public about elder abuse, its signs, reporting mechanisms,....