Realism and the End of

S.S.R. stands the fact that civil strife is less dangerous if it takes place on the losing side that it is on the winning side (p99).

Realists and Their Critics

Predictive failure: realism through structural realism failed to predict the fall of the U.S.S.R. And instead foresaw stability in the bipolar system. However, no theory considered the idea of the way in which the Cold War would end. Even so, theorists did not have a clear understanding of the actual capabilities of the two actors because these capabilities contain non-material aspects as well.

Correlation between "power" and "change": it is difficult to make because a clear focus must be placed on the need of the U.S.S.R. To revitalize its economy in order to maintain its power in the 1980s that may have brought about the change. Further, this correlation is based on the internal and international factors such as the…… [Read More]

Realism Some Literary Critics and

The other qualities of a superior being remained forbidden thus making the reality of their imperfect world even more difficult to bare.

Borges used the invisible reality in his short stories to speculate on some themes that were on people's minds since the beginning of human civilization. He used his writing skills to create a work of fiction that made the world of existential questions possessing men's minds became real to the contemporary reader.

If the invisible reality in Borges' stories represents the literary translations of the universal questions on people's minds since the beginning of the human civilization, the ghosts in Henry James' Turn of the Screw seem the representation of one's own fears, illusions, repressed feelings and imagination that is allowed to run wild. A potentially gothic story told in the evening of Christmas Eve is full of magic and scary at the same time. It is not…… [Read More]

Realism Is an Approach to Art and

Realism is an approach to art, and an artistic philosophy. The approach aims to achieve total objectivity in rendering elements: whether those elements be persons, animals, or lighting. Realism essentially eschews the projection of visual subjectivity or bias onto the canvas or other medium, while embracing a poignant political perspective. It was a movement directly opposed to the prevailing trend of Romanticism, and evolved concurrently in the nineteenth century. Thus, mid-nineteenth century European art comprises a gamut of styles from the hyper-Romantic renditions of neo-Egyptian and neo-Roman scenes to the hyper-realistic paintings of ordinary life. The color palate of Realist art differs somewhat from that of the Romantics, too, with richer more saturated tones being preferred. hereas Romanticism enabled an escape from reality to a fantasy world, Realism encouraged the very opposite. Realism asked the viewer to pay closer attention to daily life and critique the social, political, and economic…… [Read More]

Realism Seeing Local Color an

Although Sarah Orne Jewett's New England is far from Twain's Mississippi, Jewett's use of description and dialogue allows readers to see the exotic New England nature and wildlife in addition to experiencing their social culture as vividly as Twain did along the river. Through both Sylvia's initial search for the cow and her pilgrimage to view the Heron in "A hite Heron," Jewett not only describes a young girl's struggle to choose between a man with whom she is intrigued and a beautiful bird, but also the beautiful new England landscape. For instance, she describes the forest of "sturdy trees, pines oaks and maples" that clustered on the property, in addition to the old pine tree that served as a landmark and could be seen from the shore (Jewett 28). This description allows readers to realistically view the picturesque Main landscape that combines both wood and sea. But this realistic…… [Read More]

Realism Schools Should Produce Students Who Are Well-Rounded

Realism

The universe has a physical reality and I do believe that we must teach the nature of that reality to students. Through experimental science or through hands-on learning, realism should be emphasized in every classroom. Students will have plenty of time on their own to engage their creative and artistic faculties. On the other hand, I do not necessarily agree with the stance that students are merely "minds to be trained." Such a position assumes that all students are the same and that all students learn the same way. Quite the contrary, students have different learning styles. Although the realistic classroom can impart valuable foundations in academic knowledge, the teacher must take care not to label students who don't take well to such an approach.

Ideally, each classroom should include some realism. All classes should include science experiments and instruction in problem-solving. Memorization through rote cannot be overlooked, because…… [Read More]

Realism in Literature Realism and

This was Shelley's observation and the reality she experienced during her time.

Dickens and Bronte, meanwhile, experienced reality through social change, in the same way that Shelley had observed the changing times of 19th century society. However, while Shelley contemplated about the dominance of science over nature in "Frankenstein," both Dickens and Bronte reflected the breaking down of class divisions happening in the society, illustrated through the novels "Great Expectations" and "Wuthering Heights," respectively.

Dickens depicted the dissolution of class divisions through the characters of Pip and Estella, individuals who represented the underprivileged and the elite classes, respectively. In the novel, readers witnessed how Pip's ascent to a higher social class became possible through a secret benefactor, while Estella's higher stature eventually led to her poverty when Miss Havisham died. The once poor Pip eventually attained a better life, while Estella, once rich, became imprisoned in an abusive relationship with…… [Read More]

Realism Monet and Debussy as

It is as if the art was improvised, much like Monet's portrait of flowers gives the impression that the artist simply happened upon a cluster of flowers one day, and was moved to paint by the beauty he saw before him.

Of course, it must be argued that neither composition, although they create such an extemporaneous impression, was truly spontaneous. Both works were carefully and consciously planned by the artist and composer respectively, they did not simply bubble forth from Monet or Debussy's emotions. But the fact that the artists strove to create this impression is telling, and suggests a willingness to let pure emotion enter the realm of art in a way that it was not allowed to before, when standards of painting were rigorously governed by the French Academy, and when all musical compositions had to have a conventional structure.

Ironically, in creating such spontaneity, Monet and Debussy…… [Read More]

Realism and Impressionism in General

And I can only imagine of the paintings you have described that Mary Cassel had at the St. Louis World's Fair.

I met the great Amboise Vollards. He was at an exhibition of Paul Cezanne. The work I saw by Seurat was truly large and great. It wasn't like the smaller impressionist painters. But I got to see his style. The painting was at the Galerie Bernheim-Jeune at 25, boulevard de la Madeleine. The Bernheim brothers had dared to use one wall to show this painting, a Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte. The painting was unbelievable. It was actually made out of little dots that you could tell the artist painstakingly rendered to display the different and varying degrees of color and light. It was truly magnificent. It will take me more hours to gather into my experience, dear Mama. And I look forward to visiting…… [Read More]

Realism & Modernism the Triumphs

Yet, the townspeople clearly disapproved when Miss Emily began to be seen with Homer Barron, a man considered to be beneath her.

Barron was charismatic, loud, and rough, and he would have been a mismatch for Miss Emily because of his socioeconomic status, never mind that he was a Northerner and a dark-skinned one at that. The townspeople still felt sorry for Miss Emily; the only explanation for forgetting her noblesse oblige was that she had lost her mind. Miss Emily maintained the haughty air for which her family had become known: "It was as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of her dignity as the last Grierson" (Faulkner, 4). The townspeople felt they must do something to "save" Miss Emily and called on the Baptist minister to talk some sense into her. The visit was in vain, and the minister's wife sent for two female cousins, with…… [Read More]

Realism Depicted in the Glass

She tells Laura to stay "fresh and pretty for gentlemen callers" (348) because they "come when they are least expected" (348). There is no excuse for this kind of behavior, especially a mother.

Hope emerges in the play through Laura and Tom. Laura demonstrates hope when her favorite unicorn is broken. She is clearly saddened by the act but somehow, she manages to see something positive in it. She realizes the horn made the unicorn freakish and now he will fit in with the others. She tells Jim, the unicorn "will feel more at home with the other horses" (387). As she understands this, she comes to know that she might not be as freakish as she seems. Her ability to handle the situation with grace illustrates she is tougher than everyone guessed and it gives her (and us) hope that she will emerge from this changed and seek a…… [Read More]

Realism Marx Dickens and Twain

Realism
As Fiero (2010) notes, realism in the 19th century focused on depicting life as it really was—without the sentiment of the Romantics and without the pomposity of the Enlightened. Depictions of realism often focused on the commonplace—the common classes or the working class, as in the painting by Adolph Friedrich Erdmann Von Menzel, Iron Mill (1875). Writers approached realism by depicting characters and scenes that sprang from the page with authenticity—as in Dickens’ Old Curiosity Shop or in Twain’s Huckleberry Finn. Then there was Marx, with his Communist Manifesto: not content to have a literary function, Marx wanted all-out revolution. He wanted the working class to rise up and take the means of production. In any case, each of these three writers had a sense of class differences and of the oppression that some classes suffered more than others. Each had a different take on it. Twain retained his…… [Read More]

Realism of George Eliot George

From these examples there is a varied sense of the realism of Eliot in both her prose and her poems. The realism of Eliot demonstrates a reflection of the era. The naturalist and realism movements were ingrained in the Victorian 19th century and yet the descriptive nature of Eliot's works make them in many ways timeless. The characters are enveloped with the reader into the surroundings of events of human social drama.

orks Cited

Eliot, George. The Best-Known Novels of George Eliot: Adam Bede, the Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner, Romola. New York: Modern Library, 1940.

Eliot, George, Brother and Sister

http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2696.html

Eliot, George, Two Lovers

http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2696.html

Eliot, George in a London Drawingroom

http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2696.html

Eliot, George, Mid my Gold-brown Curls

http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2696.html

Eliot, George, Two Lovers, in Stevenson, Burton Egbert. The Home Book of Verse. At http://www.famouspoetsandpoems.com/poets/george_eliot/poems/3456

Pizer, Donald. Realism and Naturalism in Nineteenth-Century American Literature. Revised ed. Carbondale, IL:…… [Read More]

Realism in Black Art and

Important to note as well is that the slave narratives had many things in common with the captivity narrative. In general, those that create slave narratives suffer from being in a society that they consider alien, try to balance the desire for freedom against the danger of trying to escape, and grow both spiritually and morally as a result of the torment and the suffering that they have had to go through. This helps to provide the realism that slave narratives possess, and this realism is also showcased in much of the artwork that comes from that time period where African-Americans and slavery are concerned. Because of the realism that is seen in these slave narratives they were immensely popular during the time that they were written, and they often remain popular with schools and other groups today.… [Read More]

Realism and Liberalism in U S

President Obama's remarkable ability to combine his liberal inclinations on humanitarian issues with expertly wielded applications of America's economic and military superiority was presaged in an article published by Harvard Magazine before ballots had been cast in the 2008 election. When professor of international relations Joseph S. Nye Jr. boldly declared that "the old distinction between realists and liberals needs to give way to a new synthesis that you might choose to call 'liberal realism'"4, (2008, pg. 36), he

3 Douthat, oss. "Obama the ealist." The New York Times, February 07, 2011.

4 Nye, Joseph S. "Toward a Liberal ealist Foreign Policy: A memo for the next president." Harvard Magazine 110 (2008): 36-38.

provided a startlingly accurate prediction of President Obama's methodically effective strategy of relying on liberalist motivations to enact firmly realist foreign policy directives in relation to Iran.

Other commentaries on American public opinion towards Iran have focused…… [Read More]

Realism Style

Realist Painting Style and Realism

The Realist style owes its existence to the Realist concept. "Realism is democracy in art," Courbet believed. (Nochlin, xiii) Taking that as the credo upon which the works of the artists were constructed, the style itself can be nothing if not anti-academic, anti-historical, anti-conservative. Indeed, whether brushstrokes or pen markings or etching into stone or metal form the image, the underlying attitude is one of freedom, attention to the gross characteristics of form, dismissal of mere decoration for its own sake, and obvious celebration of anything. The self-consciousness of the finely chosen brushstroke or marking is gone, in favor of a brushstroke or marking that favors expression of the interplay between what is seen and the seer. Gone is any demand from outside the artist to make things appear lovelier, grander, more stately than they perhaps really are. It is, in short, art with the…… [Read More]

Realism Neo-Realism in Modern Situation

realism is that the state is the main and most important role player in the political arena with regard to international relations. Many states are involved in international relations, and as such each state is centrally governed by its own self-interest. This self-interest is furthermore not curbed by a central governing body in world politics, and each state basically chooses its own methods and means of securing its own values of self-interest and security. The realist way of political thought during the 1930s and 1940s displaced the thought of idealist and utopian ideals of politics. This was a result of an essentially negative view of human nature, brought about by the apparent success of negative strategies such as war in world politics.

Indeed, it is apparent from historical evidence that the realist theory of international relations is at least to some degree accurate. The unitary state seeks power and self-interest.…… [Read More]

Realism and Compromise

Victorian Prose and Poetry, by Lionel Trilling and Harold Bloom. Specifically, it will discuss ealism and compromise in Victorian Literature. How do Victorian writers search for realistic compromises with the world around them?

VICTOIAN LITEATUE

In Victorian literature, ealism followed the age of omanticism, and ealism quickly evolved into Naturalism, practiced by many authors of the time, including Jack London, Mark Twain, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, and Sinclair Lewis. "There was a time when the intellectual and spiritual life of Europe as a whole was dominated by neo-classicism; it was dominated in the next era by omanticism; and then it was dominated by ealism, which developed into Naturalism" (Baker 58). ealism in literature attempted to portray things as they really were, scientifically and without emotion, placing man in balance with nature.

The task of realism, Howells felt, was to defend "the people" against its adversaries. The realist, he wrote, "feels…… [Read More]

Use of Realism

Realism in an American, Fictional story of Detection -- Dashiell Hammett's Red Harvest

So, a realist style, you say? How to convey a sense of realism? Use short sentences. Terse dialogue. Deploy words that are direct in their meaning. Don't be stingy with the slang and other types of common and prosaic language. Don't use too many complex metaphors or words many syllables or subtleties. But do use words that have a lot of 'local color.' Use characters that pull no punches when telling the truth, but might be inclined to gives someone a punch in the mouth, when crossed, or even when the character is just in a bad mood. Show rather than tell. "A woman in green and a man in gray." (5) rite how characters sound rather than in the King's English -- a "shoit not a shirt." (3)

All of these literary techniques, when deployed by…… [Read More]

The History of Realism Photography and Impressionism

ealism as a Social Movement

ealism as an art movement established itself around the time when there were many social changes and political movements, enlightenment and industrial revolution. The 1940s saw hard times both economically and socially and realism as a form of art and a social movement came in to defy the traditional trends of art depicting heroic figures and towing the political lines. ealism achieved a democratic political dimension that depicted the true living conditions of people in society and the despondency that existed. It had a leftist origin and it was art against social decadence and advocated for social change especially from the political class. This break brought about by realism made realism to be considered the beginning of modern art. The artist call for social change through their painting at time displayed unflinching and a lot of time ugly moments of life as it was hence…… [Read More]

Analyzing Realism Impressionism and Nineteenth Century Photography

ealism, Impressionism, and Nineteenth-Century Photography

The Village Maidens

Artist

Gustave Courbet

Date the Piece was Created

Art Movement and/or Style Media

ealism / Oil Paint

Description and Analysis

This 1852 painting, which sparked the creation of a collection of pictures dedicated to women's lives, depicts the artist's three sisters -- Juliette, Zoe and Zelie -- taking a stroll along the Communal-- a little valley close to Ornans (their native village) (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2016). Despite nothing of significance being depicted in this painting, it tells a story. Courbet uses a dark and dull color tone and the overall painting is neither overly dark nor overly bright. The weather may be taken to be pleasant and warm, considering the clear sky Courbet portrays in the painting's background. His brush strokes and paint choice impart a realistic texture and tone to the picture. As no activity is shown in the…… [Read More]

Left Right Realism the Terms Left

471). Fagan and Davies suggest that in the case of the NYPD, the department first erred when "Broken Windows theory [was] recast from physical to social disorder," even as neither the original theory nor Fagan and Davies are able to provide a sufficient explanation and justification for the concept of "physical disorder" (471).

Specifically, what counts as physical disorder in Broken Windows theory, including broken windows, graffiti, and other low-level signs of "disorder" are in fact socially, politically, and economically determined themselves, and thus must be sufficiently examined and explained if they are to serve as the basis of a theory. This essay is a prime example of how ight ealism manages to maintain the appearance of critical rigor and high standards of empirical evidence even as it relies on unsupported assumptions and the denial of further intelligibility. Fagan and Davies are able to convincingly use quantitative data to demonstrate…… [Read More]

Anti-Realism or Constructive Realism of Van Fraasen

anti-Realism (or constructive realism) of van Fraasen. He divides his essay into three sections:

An explanation of van Fraasen's attempt to demolish scientific realism

His insistence that van Fraasen succeeds no better than his predecessors in answering a major objection to antirealism

The link between realism and explanation and van Fraasen's attempt to sever that link.

An explanation of van Fraasen's attempt to demolish scientific realism

According to Van Frassen, realism can be defined in the following way: "Science aims to give us, in its theories, a literally true story of what the world is like, and acceptance of the scientific theory involves the belief that it is true." (1088).

Van Fraasen does not go to the extreme, as some do, of rejecting science absolutely. He accepts that scientific statements have a truth value of being true or false. At the same time, however, he rejects the positivist stance where…… [Read More]

Iranian & Global Nuclear Realism Iran Has

Iranian & Global Nuclear Realism

Iran has made a choice, and that choice is to sustain a global stance of nuclear realism. And it has chosen to do this in no small part because its chief opponents who favor the new school of institutionalism are unable and unwilling to counterpunch. For right now, the major organizations of global collaboration are actually down if not out on the mats of the boxing ring, fearing, in reality, their own revival. If they arise and confront Iran, they would not only bring unwanted attention to a significant and potentially expensive conflict (which they cannot afford), they might also even have to acknowledge that they are able to unleash an entire new level of nuclear manipulation and confusion, one that would engage the destructive capabilities of cyberwarfare -- a potential blow to many elements of deterrence and power.

At this point, however, the match…… [Read More]

Badlands Formalism Meets Realism in Haunting Childlike

Badlands

Formalism Meets Realism in Haunting, Childlike Badlands

Terrence Malick's 1973 film Badlands blends formalism and realism to produce a genre film (crime, American, gothic, romance) that is at once self-aware, genre-adherent, genre-breaking, realistic, cinematic, artful, and genuinely objective in its depiction of an a subjective childhood experience. The film's sound and editing contribute to the overall feel of the film, which is deliberately romantic, innocent and haunting -- as though the characters were living out a violent Peter Pan fairy-tale in the real world without realizing their own culpability. This paper will discuss Badlands from the standpoint of formalism, realism, editing and sound in order to show how Malick approaches the horrifying story of a serial-killing couple in a fresh, imaginative, sympathetic, subjective and yet amazingly objective way.

The sound of the film is guided by a score that repeatedly uses the "Gassenhauer" of Orff's Schulwerk (German for "school…… [Read More]

Structural Realism Neorealism Also Known as Structural

Structural Realism

Neorealism, also known as structural realism, is a theory associated with realist perspectives. According to this perspective, all nations and all departments within national governments are competing with each other for power. In this war for dominance the various factions compete to gain power particularly if it is at the expense of power of other groups. Structural realists believe that society as a whole has a structure which may not be discernible but that it is an undeniable truth. The guiding principal behind this school of political thought is that it is only power which regulates and dictates international relationships. The quest for power and the desire to maintain the level of power that a nation state already has will be directly involved in the decisions that are made by that government's leaders (altz 1987,-page 75). The various groups who are in competition for power have no choice…… [Read More]

Magical Realism in Ana Castillo's Novel'so Far From God

Magical Realism in Ana Castillo's 'So Far From God'

hen looking for the magical realism in Ana Castillo's So Far From God, and for those readers who know her work and her cultural background, one of the ways in which the author employs magical realism is as a skilled fiction writer. Castillo is writing about Latinos, a family of women. Her first step in employing magical realism is to set aside the Latino patriarchal cultural restrictions that would otherwise prevent the concept of "magical realism" from working in the story. Castillo had to find a way to overcome that allowed the reality to be used to advance the story past that obstacle. She also had the obstacle of Latino Catholicism, which is as equal a force with which to be confronted as is the patriarchal society. This essay is an examination of how Ana Castillo overcomes these obstacles in her…… [Read More]

Social Realism and the Great

His painting (social realism) called "Approaching Storm" is a remarkable portrayal of a man walking up a hill with a bucket of water and two donkeys waiting to be told what to do. In the distance is a menacing storm. The website (Twecht.tripod) says that this farm could possibly have been a beautiful place to live at one point in time…but now it is gray and windy…all life in the painting ceases to exist" (www.twecht.tripod.com).

Dorothea Lange

Dorothea Lange is among the best known of all the photographers and artists that contributed to the social realism movement during the Great Depression. Lange's most famous photograph, "Migrant Mother," shows a worried woman with two "tousle-haired children clinging to her, their faces turned away from the camera" (u, 2010, p. 1). A third child is asleep in the woman's arms. That photo -- taken in a migrant camp in California -- is…… [Read More]

Magical Realism From James to

In another type of story, this reaction would simply be the fantasy-action hero's resolve to beat the bad evil spirits. This story, however, is far more realistic, and there is even some question a to whether or not the ghosts are real. The governess convinces herself that the children, Flora and Miles, can see the ghosts and are pretending not to out of some sort of collusion with them against her. She fears the ghosts not for herself, but for the corrupting influence she believes they are having on the children (and the influence the two individuals she believes them to be had on Flora and Miles in life). Yet one very possible interpretation of the novel is that the governess is the only one who actually sees the ghosts, and may even be hallucinating. At one point, when confronting Flora about the ghost, she remarks, "I quailed even though…… [Read More]

What Is Realism in International Relations

International Relations

Realism in International Relations

In the study of politics, the subject of international relations inevitably surfaces, mainly because politics do not only deal with national or domestic affairs, but also international concerns and issues. In the field of international relations, there are two prevailing paradigms: realism and liberalism. Although the focus of this discussion would be on realism, it can be best understood by also identifying and distinguishing it from liberalism.

Liberalism as a political paradigm in international relations posits that conflicts between and among states can be resolved through the help of international institutions like the United Nations and World Trade Organization. As a political ideology, liberalism is idealistic in the sense that its proponents believe that conflicts and even wars can be resolved diplomatically, and effectively through an efficient medium (i.e., international institutions). The Modernist Project of the United States during the Cold War period witnessed…… [Read More]

Magical Realism in Juan Rulfo's 'Pedro Paramo'

Magical Realism in Juan Rulfo's 'Pedro Paramo' and Gabriel Garc'a-Marquez's 'Death Constant Beyond Love'

The use of Magical Realism, as a technique, in Pedro Paramo and Death Constant Beyond Love, is essentially one whereby elements of the unreal are inextricably woven into real life to question the difference, if any, between illusion and reality. The use of the technique is apparent in the overall story as well as in the way the principal protagonists are shown dealing with life.

In Pedro Paramo, Juan Rulfo leads the reader (and the narrator, Juan) into confronting many of life's basic issues such as death, love, religion and sex through the story of Juan's search for his lost father. However, both the narrator and the reader are also led into an illusionary world since the entire story of the life and times of Pedro Paramo is revealed to Juan through the voices and memories…… [Read More]

Neo Realism vs Liberalism Compare

("U.S. Names Coalition of the Willing," 2003)

From the Liberal perspective, the Iraq War is considered to be illegal. This is because, the ush Administration failed to seek the support of the international community before conducting an invasion. They felt that if the White House had taken a different approach about Iraq and WMD's (mainly allowing more time for inspectors to confirm / deny the existence of such programs). This would have created a favorable outcome in line with international law. This is important, because it shows a common theme that is often embraced by the Democratic Party and heads of state (i.e. The EU). Where, they would criticize the war and the conduct of these events, by constantly pointing out how these actions are against international law. ("The War on Iraq," 2007)

Which one do you think is more accurate and why?

Neo-Realism is more accurate. The reason why,…… [Read More]

John Mearsheimer's Structural Realism Is

Aside from distinguishing between classical realists and neorealists, Mearsheimer also distinguishes between other types of realism. He discusses several extensions of structural realism and realists who champion different viewpoints. For instance, the author claims that offensive realists utilize the structure of their states in order to encourage conflict internationally (between states) in order to maximize the amount of power, and the resulting hegemony they can obtain (Mearsheimer 72). Defensive realists largely take the opposite approach, and implement structural regulations and accommodations to circumscribe the amount of power a state obtains, presenting a severe limitation to any international ambitions (Mearsheimer 72). Most contemporary realists, however, choose to focus on individual interests of the state. This notion is in opposition to the stance of classical realists on this issue, which prefer to use the pursuit of justice as one to reinforce notions of community as the principle means by which the state…… [Read More]

Legal Formalism & Legal Realism

The Case of the Speluncean Explorers is a book which describes various perspectives of interpreting the law as well as what is right (moral). While Fuller invents a judicial case which involves both the moral values and the laws in the most challenging way, Peter Suber tries to make an analysis that will respond to all the key aspects of the scenario.

It is worth underlining that Fuller created enough elements in order to have sufficient arguments for both acquittal and conviction, depending on the perspective.

The rule of the judges was difficult because they were actually compelled to define what "good" was. Good is an universal value which everybody understands. However, sometimes only some can benefit from certain advantages while others can not. When life is the advantage at stake, things become even more difficult, as life is the very value of men and the most priced possession. Can…… [Read More]

Kenneth Waltz Structural Realism

Kenneth altz Structural Realism After the Cold ar

In his article Structural Realism after the Cold ar Kenneth altz, Kenneth altz makes the debate that examining interstate politics through the humanist point-of-view is still both feasible and detailed as a theoretical method. Printed almost ten years after the Soviet Union collapsed and the conclusion of the Cold ar itself, Kenneth altz's article makes the case that a realist method for examining interstate activity remains valid. The principal and possibly most noticeable point altz suggests is that balance of power theory still has a significance despite the fact the United States won the Cold ar and achieved rank as the world's lasting global force. The present time phase, where the United States likes its "unipolar instant," is but short-lived. In the future, as preceding sole powers have faced, the United States will experience inner over-spending of resources for ever growing external…… [Read More]

Local Color and Realism

Local Color and Realism

The realism of Mark Twain fully reveals in the novel "The adventures of Huckleberry Finn," in novel, which is familiar to many of us since high school classes of literature, but which has a deeper psychological and moral meaning, as its message expands over the limits of an adventure story for teenagers. The events described in the book show the whole encyclopedia of Southern life in the middle of the nineteenth century in a very realistic and ironic way.

On the example of Huck's and Jim's journey on the raft down Mississippi River, Mark Twain succeeded to show on the particular examples of different events that happened in their life during journey the conflict of an individual and society, slavery and racism issues, "civilized society" with its bigotry, religious and philistine prejudices, as well as problem of education, common sense and conservatism in people's minds.

The…… [Read More]

Realities Literary Realism Attempts to

The characters have faults, the endings are not happy, and the characters have real emotions and feelings. Just like real life, the young boy cannot fulfill his desire to buy the girl he loves a present, he is too afraid. And similarly, the young girl tries to kill herself, only to be rescued by a young doctor who then feels "obligated" to love her. The similarities here are that love is complicated, and does not always end happily.

The biggest difference in these two stories is the innocence of the young boy and the darker, more sinister "love" of the doctor and Mabel. Mabel manipulates the doctor, even if she does not realize it, while the young boy is not manipulative in his love, he is just young, naive, and afraid. It seems he will have another, more grown-up chance at love, while Jack and Mabel will not.

eferences

Joyce,…… [Read More]

Interventionism From the Perspective of Realism vs

interventionism from the perspective of realism vs. idealism. Realism is defined in relationship to states national interests whereas idealism is defined in relation to the UNs Responsibility to Protect doctrine -- a doctrine heavily influenced by Western rhetoric over the past decade. By addressing the question of interventionism from this standpoint, by way of a case study of Libya and Syria, a picture of the realistic implications of "humanitarian intervention" becomes clear. Idealistically, humanitarian interventionism is a process that stops atrocities and establishes peace and prosperity. Realistically, interventionism allows Western businesses to reap the spoils of destabilization -- as has been seen in Libya with the Libyan oil fields being claimed by Western oil companies -- and as is being seen in Syria, with the threat of invasion bound to have detrimental effects on the construction of a new pipeline that bypasses the Turkey-Israel pipeline. Syria also presents itself as…… [Read More]

Magic Realism the Fantastic

Magic ealism

Latin American Magic ealism

Literature has endured a plethora of movements that have been used to both expand the literary base and try to explain a specific culture or set of cultures. For novels, it has been said that there are a very few plots which are continuously circulated in the work of authors who are bound by those elements but can expand the use of the plot beyond what has been known previously. A plot based on a love story is not owned by Shakespeare and death is not the sole domain of Hemmingway. No known author started these plots, and it different schools of writing are also difficult to pin down. However, the same cannot be said for the different literary movements which have reinvented the means of delivering simple plots. Much like the authors who adhere to them, literary movements seem to be typical of…… [Read More]

Feet of Jesus a Work of Realism

Feet of Jesus, a Work of ealism

Helena Viramontes' book, From Under the Feet of Jesus, is a novel that explores the difficulties of life that Chicanos faced in the United States from the 1930's through the 1970's. Her work is an exercise in realism as it does not trivialize the trials of Chicano life with grand political statements or symbolism. Instead, it is a very clean portrait of a family and their friends who are all attempting, at times desperately, to live their lives in a land that, more often than not, does not want them there. A realist work find the truth paramount. Viramontes faithfully reconstructs life in a series of pictures, that puts a perspective of reality, of truth, and of hopefulness for a people long suffering in this nation. It is the purpose of this paper to demonstrate the elements of realism in Viramontes' book and…… [Read More]

Formalism and Realism in Film

shoes a filmmaker decide philosophy filmmaking choose: realism formalism? The filmmaker reading readings 've reading. He finds Bazin's Arnheim's theories compelling, sees opposed respects.

Formalism v. Realism

There is much controversy with regard to the contrast between formalism and realism in the world of cinema, with film enthusiasts promoting either concept as a means for film makers to interact with viewers and to put across the exact messages they want to. hile both schools of thought are intriguing and are responsible for having contributed to some of the most beautiful films history has to offer, it is really difficult for someone not to express more appreciation toward one of them in particular circumstances.

Films such as Vittorio De Sica's 1948 "Bicycle Thieves" played an important role in shaping the world of cinema and made it possible for people to comprehend the degree to which realism can influence their perspective while…… [Read More]

International Relations Idealism vs Realism the Theories

international relations: idealism vs. realism

The theories of international relations have been seen as a mechanism thru which practitioners in the area of international politics as well as scholars tried to explain the way in which international politics function and how the behavior of states and actors on the international scene can be anticipated.

The beginning of the 20th century was a period of deep consideration for international politics, given the First World War and its aftermath. The idealistic approach on international politics tried to explain the behavior states had after the end of the war and also define the period between the two conflagrations. The realist theory on the other hand appeared as a result of the Second World War and its aftermath and, although it took into account similar elements, the points made in reference to these elements were somewhat in contrast. There are several key issues that…… [Read More]

Concept of Judicial Philosophy Social Security and Political Realism in the U S

Judicial Philosophy of the Supreme Court

Judicial philosophy is a concept that refers to the way judges understand and interpret the law in relation to the specific cases they are handling. This concept emerges from the fact that while laws are universal and broad, they need to be applied to specific cases based on the judge's understanding and interpretation of the law as well as the unique circumstances surrounding the case. The two most common judicial philosophies of the Supreme Court are judicial activism and judicial restraint, which have influenced various cases including Gore vs. Bush (2000) and Obergefell vs. Hodges (2015). Judicial activism refers to a philosophy in which judges depart from conventional precedents to adopt new, progressive social policies whereas judicial restraint is a philosophy in which judges limit the exercise of their own authority (Bendor, 2011).

Judicial activism of the Supreme Court influenced cases like Gore vs.…… [Read More]

Analyzing Regionalism Naturalism Realism and Modernism

egionalism, Naturalism, ealism, and Modernism --

egionalism, Naturalism, ealism and Modernism

eview of "Cat in the ain" by Ernest Hemingway and "The Story of an Hour" by Kate Chopin

Cat in the ain by Ernest Hemingway and the Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin

Cat in the ain and The Story of an Hour are short and straightforward pieces of literary work. The titles apparently leave little to imagination behind the concept of the stories, but in reality there is something important going on within these stories.

Hashemi and Ahmadi (2010) comment that Cat in the ain is the story of an American couple who are on holiday in Italy. It is centered on a young female fixating on a cat trapped in the drizzle. Her husband, in contrast, is not in the least inclined to accede to her wish. The title has been mysterious; we are led to…… [Read More]

Leadership Foster Parents 'Realism-Quality' Approaches to Leadership

Leadership

Foster parents:

'ealism-quality' approaches to leadership in the real world of social services

I have described myself as a 'realism-quality' leader who believes on the need to be task specific. I try to set realistic goals that are achievable and conceivable for my subordinates. This type of leadership is very useful when dealing with some of the challenges that arise in the context of a nonprofit organization that focuses on children in foster care. Very often, parents are initially not prepared for the difficulties that may arise when coping with a child with severe behavioral, emotional, or psychological issues.

One example of a 'realistic' approach that I had to take was when a foster mother assumed the care of a child but was not able to take full control over the situation and left the child's care for part of the day to her adult daughter, who frequently arrived…… [Read More]

Fred Zinnerman Social Realism in the Member of the Wedding

Fred Zinneman and the Member of the edding

"It [the Member of the edding] has always been my favorite picture, perhaps because it is not entirely my own." ~ Fred Zinnemann, A Life in the Movies: An Autobiography

The cinematic work of Fred Zinnemann yielded a plethora of classic films. He directed many different genres: thrillers, esterns, psychological dramas, and war films. Fred Zinnemann became known for making films that contained strong emotional realism and authentic feeling. Zinnemann would win two Academy Awards for directing the movies From Here to Eternity and A Man for All Seasons. Both were stories about a protagonist feeling himself morally right, taking a strong stand against an opposition who often had the higher ground legally or physically. Like his favorite protagonists, Zinnemann would often find himself at odds with the powers in Hollywood who did not always appreciate the messages he often hid, sometimes…… [Read More]

Define What Is Meant by Postpositivist Realism

Post positivism

Defining Post positivism:

definitional exercise in identity politics, in expanding cultural and semiotic discourse, and reinterpreting the continuing the literary effort of the 20th and 21st century to deconstruct human life and society

Postmodernism, the literary buzzword of the past century, is often considered to be a 'liberal' form of hermeneutics, in the sense that rather than attempting to define what makes the canon great, it attempts to expand the notion of what is a literary canon, what is great literature in general. However, many liberal political activists have accused the deconstructionit movement and the postmodern aesthetic for its tendency towards reductionism and relativism. In other words, by stressing that everything, including identity, is a construction, there is little ground for feminist and Marxist critics to stand on, politically, speaking, to make a material critique of oppressive structures within a society. If all definitions are contextually based, how…… [Read More]

Magic Realism

Toni Morrison's Beloved

This story works to capture the essence of slavery's aftermath for its characters. It tells a truth created in flashback and ghost story. It aims to create mysticism only memory can illustrate. "The novel is meant to give grief a body, to make it palpable" (Gates, 29). The characters are trapped in the present because they are imprisoned by the horrors of slavery. They are literally held hostage in their home, isolated from the outside world. In many ways Beloved represents a geographically realistic neo-slave narrative by presenting in flashback the experiences of Sethe. This story also has the fantastic element of a ghost who later becomes flesh and bone. The paragraphs below explore the characters memories and the magical realism of a ghost.

Memory affects the character of Sethe in a way that illustrates the pain and grief of her past enslavement. Sethe is living with…… [Read More]

Modal Realism as Explicated by

In examining these arguments, one must admit that Brett makes a good point. There are indeed no fossil records, ancient accounts, or indeed current evidence from our considerable technological searching devices to suggest that worlds beyond our own exist. Once again, however, evidence in this regard pertains only to one type of reality -- our own. The second part of the Lewis's assertion, as quoted above clearly indicates that the philosopher is not considering other possible worlds only in our universe and our reality. Instead, he appears to consider the existence of possible worlds as indeed being possible across a wide spectrum of realities. The fact that they are not part of our reality makes them no less real.

When the apparently paradoxical statement regarding other worlds is taken into account: "They are not far in the past or future, nor for that matter near," Lewis is clearly not referring…… [Read More]

Realism in Sociology and Social Work

sociological readings. One is by Herbert J. Gans, and the other by Peter L. erger. While the readings are interesting, they are also relevant, even though, in the case of Gans, the narrative goes back to 1971,

The Uses of Poverty: The Poor Pay All

y attempting to associate poverty with "positive functions" Gans is stepping out into a narrative that would seem at the outset to be risky. After all, the image that most people have of poor people, poor neighborhoods in urban areas, rural poverty and "low income" minorities, is not a positive one.

ut Gans makes a somewhat cynical (though valid) point when he says the fact of poverty "makes possible" certain "respectable professions"; those professions include people working in prisons, those involved in criminology, social workers, and those in the public health field. Moreover, Gans points out that poor people do the "dirty work" of taking…… [Read More]

Realistic Fiction

Realism in Film -- Altman's vision of a wild and amoral est: "McCabe & Mrs. Miller"

The estern is often the most unrealistic and schematic of film genres in its plot and use of stock characters The film "McCabe & Mrs. Miller," as directed by Robert Altman, shows how this traditional genre of American film also has the potential, within its structure, create a sense of realism. Altman's direction invests the est with a sense of local color, multidimensional characters, and serious moral dilemmas. The muddy setting immediately shows the viewer that he or she will not be witnessing a vision of the American est that is filled with white-hat wearing cowboys shod in gleaming boots -- this is a est where men and women must sweat and toil simply to live.

Altman's photography avoids wide, panoramic shots of the main protagonists and instead focuses on close-ups of their unadorned…… [Read More]

Sense of Realism

Keepin' it real -- Real-ism, that is: Today's 'take' on John Singleton's 1991 film, "Boyz in the Hood"

The pummeling hip-hop soundtrack immediately sets the tone for "Boyz in the Hood." This film's musical sound signals to the viewer that it is produced by someone who knows the street, because it sounds like the street, screams like the street -- a particular kind of neighborhood street -- that of the 'hood.' The film's early use of quick cuts in a montage that introduces the main protagonists and the neighborhood to the viewer and its sharp, guttural dialogue suggest that the director is 'really' going to show to the viewer how people 'really' and authentically communicate in real, urban street life.

The use of short sentences and monosyllables in many films that attempt to seem realistic is often also used to show individuals who know each other well, like brothers and…… [Read More]

Art From Realism Through the Postmodern Era

Color Me Three

The use of color by artists depends on both personal predilections as well as environmental and social circumstances. This paper will use the works from three well-known artists to illustrate the assumption that the use of color and the style of each artist is combination of these various factors. An important issue that will be dealt with is the artistic climate and the predominant view on art and art theory at the time. Another important aspect is the artist's personal creative aims and views as they relate to color and art in general.

The use of color is part of the artist's creative process and forms an important part of the works of the following three artists: Claude Monet, Pierre onnard and Paul Signac. Specific woks by these artists will be referred to in this discussion.

Color, while not the only element that constitutes their works is…… [Read More]

Ethical Theory

Moral realism and the sceptical arguments from Disagreement and Queerness." The discussion which rink starts regards moral realism. He argues that J.L. Mackie who suggested that there are arguments which demonstrate that the concept of moral objectivism is intrinsically flawed. The arguments through which Mackie attempts to demonstrate this derive from disagreement and queerness. The present paper shows how rink demonstrates that the categories which Mackie uses in order to support his thesis fail to achieve this goal.

rink starts by explaining what moral realism is. He states that it represents a particular case of global realism. ut what are we dealing with when dealing with the latter one? We are dealing with a belief according to which there are some facts the moral dimension of which does not depend in any way of our beliefs regarding them. In other words there are things which are moral, regardless of our…… [Read More]

19th and 20th Century Literature

Balzac and Kafka: From Realism to Magical Realism

French author Honore de Balzac defined the genre of realism in the early 19th century with his novel Old Man Goriot, which served as a cornerstone for his more ambitious project, The Human Comedy. Old Man Goriot also served as a prototype for realistic novels, with its setting of narrative parameters which included plot, structure, characterization, and point-of-view. The 20th century, however, digressed considerably from the genre of realism. Franz Kafka, for example, has been considered as one of the forerunners of the genre known as Magical Realism. endy B. Faris defines the genre of Magical Realism as the combination of "realism and the fantastic so that the marvelous seems to grow organically within the ordinary, blurring the distinction between them… [including] different cultural traditions" (1). Faris finds magical realism to exist at the crossroads of modernism and post-modernism, as a kind…… [Read More]

Grand Strategy Liberalism and How

Consistency, coupled by approval generates legitimacy. A government system is only legitimate if it receives the support of plural citizens. Therefore, a good example is Hosni Mubarak's one party, which was illegitimate. Any policy enjoying the majority approval of the citizens is said to be a legitimate policy. In this context, the United States invasion into Iraq has been perceived as illegitimate. This is not because many citizens of Iraq disapproved the policy but also due to the fact that majority of the Arabs recorded substantial support. As the global military utility continues to decline, a country perceived as consistent and legitimate will encounter minimal resistance from the new Arab world while the U.S. continues to execute its policies.

The occurrence of the Second World War is reflected from the relations between the American grand strategy and the initial existence of the realism, constructivism, and liberalism. Moreover, it is evident…… [Read More]

Flaubert Madame Bovary

Flaubert Madame Bovary

Realism came as a counter balance for romanticism. It came up "against all formalized and aestheticized images of things" ((Nineteenth-century literary realism: through the looking-glass, p.3). With the hindsight one has today, realism appears as a highly formalized art, but at the time it developed it fit the criteria for a movement that did not fit the canons previously imposed by the art of writing. The French literature in the nineteenth century was the first to make way for a new movement, a reaction and also a natural sequence to romanticism. atherine earns admits that realist fiction is an oxymoron, but she points out that although objectivity is the main concern of the writer who chooses realism for his work, there are no identical two accounts on reality since it depends on each accountant's point-of-view. Historically and geographically, realism can be traced as having originated in France,…… [Read More]

Social and Cultural Movements That

The rise of the middle class and the Industrial Revolution brought forth a demand to render this emerging class in fiction, and not simply relegate it to the sidelines of prose narratives in the United States. Realism in the United States is often said to stretch from the Civil ar to the end of the 19th century. The interest in Realism was also spawned by the crisis of national confidence that occurred after that bloody battle. Mark Twain, Stephen Crane, and later Henry James are all classified as Realistic writers who "wrote fiction devoted to accurate representation and an exploration of American lives in various contexts" (Campbell 2008). Also as the United States grew rapidly after the Civil ar, "the increasing rates of democracy and literacy, the rapid growth in industrialism and urbanization, an expanding population base due to immigration, and a relative rise in middle-class affluence provided a fertile…… [Read More]

Naturalist and Realist Literary Movements

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is perhaps the best example of Realism in literature because of how Twain presents it to us. Morality becomes something that Huck must be consider and think out as opposed to something forced down his throat. He knows the moral thing to do would be to report Jim, noting, " "People would call me a low down abolitionist and despise me for keeping mum -- but that don't make no difference. I ain't agoing to tell" (Twain 269). Furthermore, he cannot send Miss atson his letter he because his friendship with Jim trumps the morality he knows. Similarly, Jim wrestles with issues of good vs. bad. This is evident because of they way he decides to escape. He even begins to understand what Huck is going through when Huck does not turn him in. His revelation forces him to realize that Huck is "de bes'…… [Read More]

Upton Sinclair's Novel Oil And

In Sinclair's novel, the whole vision is altered because it focuses mainly on Bunny's perception of his father and of the broader social concerns of the day. Here the father is less of an individual and more of a representative of the emergent and destructive force of the cruel capitalism. It is not the beastly, inhuman character of a man that is brought into focus, but the inhuman force of capitalism. Even from the first pages, everything is rendered through the yet unripe but keen eyes of the son: "Sometimes you liked to put your hand up, and feel the cold impact; sometimes you would peer around the side of the shield, and let the torrent hit your forehead, and toss your hair about. But for the most part you sat about and dignified because that was Dad's way and Dad's way constituted the ethics of motoring."(Sinclair, 5) the wider…… [Read More]

Globalization Soft Power Ngos and

However, liberals argue that material conditions should not be a determining factor to exercise rights, but exercising a right should be an issue of justice. Marxists contradicts with them and asserts that equal rights that liberalism establishes are valueless.

Therefore, Marxism makes liberal a consent-based world order in that material power limits individuals from exercising their rights. This is not a valid condemnation from Marxism because, even though one has a right to own anything, then, the world would remain uncontrollable.

Finally, are the alternative world orders presented by these theories realistic? Explain?'

The international world orders presented by these theories are very realistic because we are able to evaluate the international relations from a theoretical point-of-view. Similar to the New World Order, these world orders offer a conceptual structure on which an individual can evaluate the global relations.

Earth in 2113

What type of system is this?

The type…… [Read More]