C. Vann Woodward's Strange Career thesis on Jim Crow segregation
Vann Woodward and Jim Crow
Evaluating the impact of Reconstruction social policy on blacks is more controversial due to the issue of segregation. Until the publication of C. Vann Woodward Strange Career of Jim Crow in 1955, the traditional view was that after the gains of Reconstruction, Conservative Democrats clamped down on the blacks by instituting an extensive system of segregation and disfranchisement (Woodward, 1974). Woodward, however, argued that there was a period of fluidity in race relations between the end of Reconstruction and the 1890s. Woodward concentrated on de jure segregation rather than de facto segregation, in part because he was influenced by the Brown v. Board of Education decision ( 1954) and the growing agitation over desegregation. In still another example of current affairs influencing a historian's viewpoint, Woodward wanted to show that segregation was not an irrevocable folkway of Southern life, but actually a rather recent innovation. Despite attacks from a number of scholars who pointed to the existence of segregation during the antebellum period in both the North and South, and, most pointedly, even during Reconstruction, Woodward's view was widely accepted. Woodward's critics were limited by their own desire to make history conform to their expectations and as a result simply searched for proof that segregation represented the norm in Southern life (Dailey, et al 2000). As a result their work lacked a dynamic approach which would emphasize process (Rabinowitz, 1978).
L'Oreal's ethical practices in consumer, environmental, and employee treatment
This paper examines one of the major companies which made it to the list of "most ethical companies of 2013." This paper looks at the work, history and policies of L'OREAL, a major cosmetics retailer in the U.S. and seeks to determine how this company is able to stay ethical to employees, to consumers and to the environment.
Educational leadership in schools: Goals, management, and stakeholder roles
This paper focuses on educational leadership and presents the theories that have been brought forth for different leadership styles. This is then followed by a discussion of how one theory has been applied. This discussion focuses on how the theory was applied, problems and challenges encountered in application and ways in which the theory was changed when applying it.