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Science
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What is Science?

Science is one of the broadest and most foundational subjects in academic writing, spanning disciplines from biology and physics to psychology, history, and philosophy. Students encounter science-related writing assignments across general education courses, specialized STEM programs, and humanities classes that examine how scientific thinking intersects with culture, religion, and society. What makes science academically compelling is its dual role as both a body of knowledge and a method of inquiry — a process through which humans build understanding of the natural and social world. Papers in this area frequently engage with questions about technology and responsibility, the relationship between science and religion, and the social implications of scientific advancement.

The papers collected here reflect a wide range of approaches. Some take an evaluative angle, weighing the advantages and disadvantages of science and technology or examining how scientific progress affects cultural beliefs and values. Others focus on specific applications, such as DNA profiling, geoinformatics, or celestial navigation. Historical and contextual analyses appear as well, including work on the Italian Renaissance as a period of scientific transformation. Certain papers move into adjacent fields like criminal psychopathology and classic social psychology experiments, showing how scientific frameworks shape disciplines beyond the hard sciences.

A strong essay on science succeeds by narrowing its scope to a clear, arguable thesis rather than attempting to survey the entire field. Evidence drawn from specific processes, case studies, or established theories tends to carry more weight than broad generalizations. The most common pitfall is conflating description with analysis — simply explaining what science is rather than arguing why a particular aspect of it matters, how it functions, or what consequences it produces.

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Paper Undergraduate
Imagination as a Fifth Way of Knowing in TOK Theory
The theory of knowledge suggests four ways of knowing: sense perception, reason, emotion, and language. Sense perception is the most important way of knowing in the traditional sciences because the scientific method is…
Paper Undergraduate
The Sino-Japanese War: Causes, Outcomes, and Legacy
It was the end of the 19th century, during the heyday of the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Imperialism. Meiji Japan and Qing China engage in modern warfare. The Sino-Japanese War was a defining moment for all of…
Paper High School
Medical Cannabis: The Case for Federal Rescheduling
Eighteen states have legalized medical marijuana but the federal government is not yet responding with a reclassification of the drug. This puts the federal government in opposition to state laws, which could cause conflict. Medical marijuana has been proven to have beneficial effects for patients, which is why the American Medical Association supports legalization.
Paper Doctorate
The Meaning of Life: Religion, Philosophy, and Suffering
The meaning of life is explored in this five page paper. Philosophy, science, and religion are all addressed. Suffering, Andrea Yates, and Viktor Frankl are also addressed. The meaning of life is not found behind the magic curtain of Oz. Existentialism shows that the search for meaning can be a meaningless one that drives us crazy and that it is better to relax and enjoy.
Essay Doctorate
Nursing Informatics Pioneers: Abbott and Chang's Impact
According to the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA), nursing informatics has been classified as the "science and practice (that) integrates nursing, its information and knowledge, with management of information and communication technologies to promote the health of people, families, and communities worldwide" (2013), and this emerging field has the potential to dramatically improve the delivery of healthcare services across the board. Just as the intrepid Florence Nightingale paved the way for modern nursing as we know it today by establishing the first nursing school at St. Thomas' Hospital in 1860, defining nursing in her famous notes on the profession as "the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him to recovery" (Nightingale, 1860), the widespread adoption and integration of nursing informatics was made possible by the tireless contributions of several influential pioneers. As part of their continued efforts to document the history of nursing informatics, the AMIA has instituted the Nursing Informatics History Project, with 33 recognized leaders in the field submitting to extensive video-recorded and audio-transcribed interviews to provide their personal stories, glimpses into the early days of nursing informatics theory, and a review of the progress made while attempting to implement the practice within American hospitals and healthcare centers.
Paper Doctorate
The Enlightenment, Religion, and the Rise of Fundamentalism
This is a four page paper on the enlightenment worldview and how it became a threat to orthodoxy. The four page essay does explore how the mindset of fundamentalism led to a defense of orthodoxy, and how the mindset of liberalism led to a remaking of orthodoxy. It talks about all sorts of stuff related to the Enlightenment and Reason, and the limits of Reason, and the minimal threat posed to Christianity.
Paper High School
Confucius, Ancient Empires, and the Roots of Civilization
Some individuals take over the world by weapons and conquers. Posterity then comes to know them as righteous rulers, courageous warriors and wise kings. Most of these individuals are regularly descendents of noble, quite often royal families, thus they enact the destiny they were born to fulfill, such as Alexander III of Macedon or Alexander the Great as he is most commonly referred to. But taking a good look at history, we might find ourselves discovering another series of individuals who have molded the times they lived in as well as posterity, not by actions of war, but through their revolutions of word, theories and philosophies. My thoughts take me to Confucius, a Chinese revolutionist of human values.
Paper Doctorate
Hawthorne's "The Birthmark": Science, Perfection, and Tragedy
Nathaniel Hawthorne's "The Birthmark" is a tale of man's faith in science to solve problems. The subject of the story, Aylmer, has become so dependent upon science that he finds problems for science to solve where none exist. This love for science ultimately leads to tragedy when a small and insignificant blemish on his wife's face becomes so important that Aylmer is willing to risk her life to remove it.
Paper Undergraduate
Nursing Metaparadigms: Watson and Leininger Theories
This paper examines the central concepts of nursing which are person, nursing, environment and health. These central concepts have been the foundation for other nursing theorists such as Jean Watson's Philosophy and Science of Caring and Madeleine Leininger and her Cultural Diversity and Universality Theory which are also reviewed. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Essay Doctorate
National Institute of Nursing Research: History and Mission
Healthcare services demand is increasing in many parts of the world and particularly in America. This paper explains the importance of research in improving the health care sector in the nation. The paper provides the history and formation of NINR and the various initiatives the institute undertakes. It also focuses on explaining the importance of training opportunities to the growth of individuals and accuracy of data collection.