5.10 Expected Findings

HA: There is a statistically significant correlation between leadership competencies (emotional, social, cognitive intelligence) and leadership effectiveness.
Ha1: There is a statistically significant correlation between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness.
Ha2: There is a statistically significant correlation between social intelligence and leadership effectiveness.
Ha2: There is a statistically significant correlation between cognitive intelligence and leadership effectiveness.
Regarding the first hypothesis (HA), that there is a statistically significant correlation between leadership competencies (emotional, social, cognitive intelligence) and leadership effectiveness, the expected finding is that this hypothesis will be confirmed. Based on the contingency theory underlying the research, Boyatzis, Good, and Massa (2012) have found that these traits have been significantly linked to leadership efficacy, given that they are essential factors that must be utilized when assessing what types of leadership techniques to apply in specific instances. Without understanding how to read people’s emotions, personality types, and responsiveness to…

Social Psychology Concept Matrix

Social Psychology Concept

Application to Society

Provide Example

Criminal Justice

Provide Example

Application to the Individual

Provide Example

The researcher selects a certain number of people from the population that he/she wants to study and presents them with a list of questions on the topic asking them to respond in order to elicit their opinion.

The survey can be conducted in writing, over the phone, as face-to-face interview, or in a small-group oral format

The survey can be used to, for instance, discover the expectations that citizens wish from their new president.

The citizens of the country can be polled and asked what they wish the president to accomplish for them / their country in the new term. Results can tell the government what the citizens most wish to be implemented in their country.

Tjaden and Thoennes (2000) surveyed men and women to find their comparable…

Hindsight Bias

This is as also known as the knew-it-all-along effect or creeping determinism. It refers to the situation where the individual is inclined to see events that occurred as events that were predictable all along. This may result in memory distortion where a person's memory of the past is slanted by after-effects

Hindsight bias can interfere with the judicial system in that judges and jurors presented with the case a given often judge defendants as being capable of preventing the bad outcome (Starr & McCormick, 2001). This may be erroneous since many times defendant may not have known the outcome. This also extends tot the plaintiff, where, sometimes, jurors may determine that, based on the outcome, the plaintiff should have been more aware of the

Social Engineering Attacks Counter Intelligence

Social Engineering Counter Intelligence

Describe what social engineering and counterintelligence are and their potential implications to our national security in regard to the leaked Afghan War Diary and the Iraq War Logs.

Social engineering is the theft of classified information. Then, using it to change everyone's opinions and perceptions about what is happening. Counter intelligence is preventing hostile enemies or organizations from obtaining access to sensitive material. These areas are viewed from two different perspectives. The first one is that of more liberal attitudes. They believe that any kind of secret files, are allowing the U.S. government to hide the truth. This is when it has no accountability for engaging in different actions. These voices, feel any kind of disclosures of classified information, is critical to understanding the larger issues and letting the public (i.e. world) know what they are up to. (Mulrine, 2013) (Harding,…

References

Wiki Leaks. (2010). ABC News. Retrieved from:  http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wikileaks-109000-deaths-iraq-war/story?id=11949670 

Wiki Leaks Releases. (2010). VOA News. Retrieved from:  http://www.voanews.com/content/wikileaks-releases-400000-classified-us-military-files-105568738/128719.html 

Fowler, A. (2011). The Most Dangerous Man in the World. Carlton: University of Melbourne Press.

Harding, L. (2011). Wiki Leaks. New York, NY: Public Affairs.

Franks (along with the Bush war cabinet, including Vice President Dick Chaney) "met repeatedly" to plan the attack on Iraq. It was groupthink through and through. At the same time Bush was saying publicly he was "pursuing a diplomatic solution" (Hamilton, 2004), "intensive war planning" was going on during the whole year 2002. It "created its own momentum" in the administration, Hamilton wrote.

In oodward's book, which was recognized as conveying authentic details about the Bush war planning and strategies, he covers much of the pre-war discussions Bush had with top members of his administration, along with decisions Bush made on his own and with help from people like his Foreign Policy Advisor, Condoleezza Rice. But according to an excerpt from oodward's book, Bush waited until the last minute (among his top staff) to brief Secretary of State Colin Powell, who had not been an advocate of going to war,…

Works Cited

Bar-Joseph, Uri, and Levy, Jack S. 2009, 'Conscious Action and Intelligence Failure', Political Science Quarterly, vol. 124, no. 3, pp. 461-489.

Bar-Joseph, Uri. 1995, Intelligence Intervention in the Politics of Democratic States: The United States, Israel, and Britain. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, Pennsylvania.

Gentry, John a. 2008, 'Intelligence Failure Reframed', Political Science Quarterly, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 247-260.

Hamilton, William. 2004. 'Bush Began to Plan War Three Months After 9/11.' Washington Post, April 17, 2004, p. A01.

" (Adams et al.)

hat the report went on to show was how a decades long deception was practiced on a race that was viewed primarily as a guinea pig for medical science.

The Tuskegee Institute had been established by Booker T. ashington. Claude McKay had passed through there in 1912 to study agriculture (under the patronage of alter Jekyll, a man who provided the basis for Robert Louis Stevenson's classic horror tale character). Around the same time that Eleanor Dwight Jones was striving to preserve the white race, the United States Public Health Service began the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. hat took place was a forty year analysis of the life of syphilis. The two hundred black men who had syphilis were "deliberately denied treatment" (Adams et al.) in what was just one more step in oppression and callous social engineering.

And at the same time the Tuskegee experiment was…

Works Cited

Adams, Myrtle, et al. "Final Report of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Legacy Committee."

1996. Web. 8 June 2011.

Cone, James. Risks of Faith. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1999. Print.

Dowlings, Keven, and Knightley, Philip. "The Spy Who Came Back from the Grave."

Social Web and Technology: Moving Humans Into Uncharted Territory

The internet has changed the way humans interact with each other in every way. It has helped shape an entire generation of social interactions as well as helped people learn in ways that were not possible before. Within these interactions, the very roots of society are created. S these interactions have changed media and shape, the preferences and habits of socialization have changed as well. As a technology, social web has given people the ability to connect with other people and places that were at one time inaccessible. It also gives people unfettered access to information through first hand reports and stories. This access to information on a global scale is also changing the way socialization occurs.

Human beings have always had a certain access to information, whether within a small group or over technologies like TV, radio, or printed media.…

References

Blossom, J. (2009). Content nation: surviving and thriving as social media technology changes our lives and our future. Social Media: New York.

Dorfman, L., Martindale, C., Gassimova, V., & Vartanian, O. (2008). Creativity and speed of information processing: A double dissociation involving elementary vs. inhibitory cognitive tasks. Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 44, No. 6, April 2008, 1382-1390.

Postman, N. (2001). Deus Machina. Technos: Quarterly for Education and Technology, Vol.

10, No. 27. Retrieved February 22, 2011, from Questia database:  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002395759 .

Thus, many firms rely not on spam but on opt-in e-mail promotions. One of the primary ways of having customers volunteer their e-mail addresses is through mandatory registration on a Web site. Firms that rely on registrations can cull their customers' e-mail address and send direct promotional materials to them. Targeted to the customer's interests, the e-mail flyers and brochures have the potential to bring in consumer traffic to Web sites or in some cases to brick-and-mortar stores. The disadvantage with using e-mail as a means of direct promotion is that many consumers do not provide a valid e-mail address or reserve a spare, hardly used e-mail address specifically for Web site registrations.

Viral marketing has become a potentially robust form of Web-based promotion. Including cleverly placed press releases, articles, and blog entries, viral marketing allows customers to come to the company rather than vice-versa. Word-of-mouth marketing empowers the consumer,…

video games in the life of the student. The problem with the Likert Scale is that

Thurstone Scale

1)

I like video games.

Agree

Disagree

2)

I play video games everyday.

Agree

Disagree

3)

I play video games online

Agree

Disagree

4)

I play video games with friends online.

Agree

Disagree

5)

I play video games after school.

Agree

Disagree

6)

I play video games before doing homework.

Agree

Disagree

7)

I play video games while doing homework.

Agree

Disagree

Guttman Scale

(Based on 7 Criteria Above)

Respondent

Item 1

Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6

Item 7

1

2

3

4

The key to the Gutman scaling is the analysis. The table shows the respondents who Agree or Disagree, and we then use those percentages to make points about the criteria, and age vs. responsibility.

Essay Three

When conducting research with humans there are a…

Those who predict future behavior and demand for products and services correctly can profit tremendously from their planning; conversely, those who invest in technologies or applications based on assumptions or expectations that never materialize run the risk of losing their entire investment. In that respect, the computer realm is no different from the decisions and projections made in traditional types of businesses. It may just seem different by virtue of the accelerated rate of computer evolution and development and the fact that some of the specific new technologies and capabilities become so widely and rapidly adopted that they can change society practically overnight.

In all likelihood, computers today are similar to paper in the Middle Ages when producing paper was so labor intensive and expensive that very little was available and only to the wealthiest classes. Another analog might be dry cell battery technology around the turn of the 20th…

As recent events in the Middle East have clearly demonstrated, Facebook is more on the side of the politically disadvantaged and the poor as they have increasingly embraced Facebook and other social media while the governments in the region tried to ban them. Many governments such as that of China do not allow Facebook primarily because they want to avert scenarios they have seen in the Middle East.

Facebook revolutions

It was in the wake of 2008 when Oscar Morales, a young man in Columbia, decided that he had had enough of FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia), a Marxist group which routinely kidnaps people, keeping them as hostages for months or years, while many of the hostages die in captivity. Angry and depressed by the actions of FARC, one night he turned to Facebook which he had been using to connect with his friends and high school classmates. He…

Works Cited

Alexanian, Janet A.. "Eyewitness Accounts and Political Claims: Transnational Responses to the 2009 Postelection Protests in Iran." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 31.2 (2011): 425-442. Project MUSE. Web. 3 Oct. 2011. .

Burns, Alex and Ben Eltham, "Twitter free Iran: an evaluation of twitter's role in public diplomacy and information operations in Iran's 2009 election crisis," in Papandrea, Franco & Armstrong, Mark (Eds.). Record of the Communications Policy & Research Forum 2009. Sydney: Network Insight Institute. Web. 26 Nov. 2011 .

China, Walid. "The Facebook Revolution." New African 503 (2011): 24. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 26 Nov. 2011.

Eltahawy, Mona. "The Middle East's Generation Facebook." World Policy Journal 25.3 (2008): 69-77. Academic Search Premier. Web. 26 Nov. 2011.

And we are no stranger to the fact that smart people do very well in the practical world.

In practical world, no one really cares about your GPA. It doesn't matter how much you got in Statistics or Math but they sure do care about application. In businesses around the globe, every single employer would want an employee who is a quick learner but who doesn't simply learn from books. He is a learner in the true sense and learns from observations, experiences, and other stimuli. This is a gift that all smart people possess. Intelligent people may or may not have this kind of learning habit since they are limited to books.

I consider myself smart and intelligent both. And being smart is a gift that I cherish. it's a gift I thank God for because not everyone in my class could be called smart. I generally love to…

I find this very surprising because I thought that social learning and incorporation of operant conditioning as part of the social learning theory plays a preeminent role in influencing criminality.

I think that the theories that explain best the findings of the articles are the sociological and theories. Psychological and biological theories are not suitable for support. I chose from the sociological theories the "Social Disorganization Theory" emanating from the Chicago School research of Shaw and McKay. According to this theory's general hypothesis "low economic status, ethnic heterogeneity, residential mobility, and family disruption lead to community social disintegration, which in turn increases crime and delinquency rates" (Sampson, .J. & Groves, W.B., Community Structure and Crime: Testing Social-Disorganization Theory, p. 774.) The Social Disorganization Study is the theory that by virtue of the article's title actually underlies the research of Triplett & Gainey. But in large parts it also mirrors the…

References

Monahan, J. (19 February 2010). The Causes of Violence. Derived 15 August 2011 from www.sodahead.com/united-states/the-causes-of.../blog-263921

Sampson, R.J. & Groves, W.B. (1989). Community Structure and Crime: Testing Social-Disorganization Theory. AJS Volume 94 Number 4 (January 1989): 774-802, derived 15 August 2011 from RJ Sampson… - American Journal of Sociology, 1989 -- JSTOR.

Social Media and the ed Shirt evolution

Most scholars are in conflict with regard to the subject of revolution in the age of social media. Until now, revolution has been considered a top-down process. In Thai situation, things might have been different. The ed Shirt evolution in Thailand was one of the first of the "Twitter" revolutions, that is one that was fueled by social media and Web 2.0 technology. Since then, other revolutions have come as well. The lone citizen is now no longer on their own. The dissident in Chiang Mai now can commiserate with their brother or sister in Tahrir Square and plan revolution on a country to country or even on a global basis. Even as this writer types up a dissertation proposal, demonstrators coordinate strategy on a global basis to protest corporate greed. It is with this in mind that this study looks back at…

References

Bailey, M and Labovitz C (2011). Censorship and Co-option of the Internet Infrastructure. Ann Arbor,

MI: University of Michigan. p1-14.

Bajpai, K and Jaiswal, A (2011). A Framework for Analyzing Collective Action Events on Twitter.

Lisbon, Portugal: Proceedings of the 8th International ISCRAM Conference. p1-10.

The researchers found that those given negative feedback gave up much more quickly on tasks than those given positive feedback.

The ethics of this study seem somewhat questionable. While participants eventually knew this was false feedback, it seems possible that some of the participants would secretly believe there was a grain of truth in what they had been told. Thus the researchers inflicted deliberate emotional distress on others in order to conduct their research. In addition, the situation was highly contrived. Nothing in the research they cited suggested that people develop poor social self-regulation based on one negative contact with others, and yet this was the basis for the research's conclusions. In addition, the experiments do not resemble the real experience of social rejection. esults of this study should be viewed cautiously.

eference

Baumeister, .F., DeWall, C.N., Ciarocco, N.J., & Twenge, J.M. (2005). Social exclusion impairs self-regulation. Journal of Personality…

Reference

Baumeister, R.F., DeWall, C.N., Ciarocco, N.J., & Twenge, J.M. (2005). Social exclusion impairs self-regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(4), 589-604.

Social Marginalization by Race: Economic Deprivation and White American Resistance in the allot or the ullet by Malcolm X

The rigorous history of African-Americanism and their emancipation within the American society reflects the struggles and perpetuation of discrimination among black Americans even during the 20th century. Malcolm X, considered one of the most radical and influential leader of the black American civil rights movement, centers on the issues of discrimination and white American resistance among the blacks in his famous discourse, The allot or the ullet, delivered in April 3, 1964.

The relevance and significance of Malcolm X's discourse must be put into context in the events happening during his time. Historically, the socio-political landscape of the United States during the 1960s is characterized by the emergence and development of the civil rights movement for the marginalized sectors of the society, such as the youth, women, poor, and particularly, African-Americans.…

Bibliography

Malcolm X (1964). The Ballot or the Bullet. Available at:  http://www.indiana.edu/~rterrill/Text-BorB.html .

Social Science Research

Conceptualize and operationalize the variables in that sentence

What is the relationship between age and responsibility?

Age refers to the numbers of years a person has live right form birth till date. Age may indicate the level of maturity of an individual depending on the circumstance a person has been brought up. The age of a person can only be categorized and measured according to figurative values. For instance age can be categorized as follows

a) 0-10years (children)

b) 11-20 years (adolescents)

c) 20-30 years (adults)

d) 30-40 years (old people)

e) 40-50 and above (elderly people)

Responsibility refers to the capability of an individual to handle certain situations the immediately surround him or her. Responsibility reveals the capacity of a person to take care of a given assignment to excellence and perfection. Responsibility can be categorized as follows

a) Very responsible

b) Responsible

c) irresponsible

d)…

More and more deep analysis can clarify the internal dynamics of the matter being studied, and in the long run to prediction, known as estimation. The reason for intelligence analysis is to make known to a precise decision maker the necessary significance of selected target information. Analysts should start with established facts, apply specialist knowledge in order to produce plausible but less certain findings, and even predict when the forecast is appropriately qualified. Analysts should not, however, engage in fortune telling that has no foundation in fact (Heuer, 1999). Not only is it poor science to claim absolute truth, but it also leads to the kind of destructive and distrustful debate we've had in last decade about global warming. The history of science and technology suggests that such absolutism on both sides of a scientific debate doesn't often lead to practical solutions (Botkin, 2011).

In the arrangement of science there…

References

A Compendium of Analytic Tradecraft Notes. (1997). Retrieved from http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/cia/tradecraft_notes/contents.htm

Botkin, D.B. (2011). Absolute Certainty Is Not Scientific. Retreived from  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204630904577058111041127168.html 

Clauser, J. (2008). An introduction to intelligence research and analysis. Lanham, Maryland:

The Scarecrow Press.

Intelligence Practical Exercise

Geospatial Intelligence Analysis

GEOINT which means Geospatial Intelligence is a system which is used to analyse an environment for intelligence and operational purposes. (GEOINT Analysis, 2017).

Describe the Environment: Collect key data that defines the precise destination for the planned mission. Geographical, government and cultural limitations must be established. In most cases, the gathered data could consist of vectors, heights, natural landmarks such as rivers, mountains etc., longitude and latitude locations and several others. All these are the basic requirements of the GEOINT invention.

Outline the Effects of The Environment: Elaborate thoroughly on the mission location identified in the previous step. Locate and define its natural state, any existing structures and its cultural atmosphere. Account for all possible factors that might have an effect on a mission in the location such as roads, people, buildings, plants, climate, language, government, cultural divides or social factors. Add this new…

References

Ali Rathore, S. (2016). Brussels Attack - Lessons Learned. A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM RESEARCH.

Brown, G., Carlyle, M., Salmeron, J., & Wood, K. (2005). Analyzing the Vulnerability of Critical Infrastructure to Attack and Planning Defenses. Tutorials inOperations Research, 102 - 123.

GEOINT Analysis. (2017). Retrieved from National Geospatial Intelligence Agency: https://www.nga.mil/ProductsServices/GEOINTAnalysis/Pages/default.aspx

International Nuclear Safety Group. (2010). The Interface Between Safety and Security at Nuclear Power Plants. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.

Social psychology is the study of human behavior in social situations, showing how social pressures and sociological variables can impact psychological phenomenon such as identity, motivation, personality, or behavior. A quintessential topic in the field of social psychology is bullying. Bullying can be studied from a public health perspective, showing how the external variables such as how a school is designed and the leadership and organizational culture of the school affects risk factors implicated in bullying behaviors or victimization patterns. Alternatively, bullying can be examined from a purely psychological perspective to reveal the factors implicated in aggressive physical or verbal behaviors or alternatively, to study victim characteristics or why some bystanders refuse to step in when they observe bullying behaviors. This latter issue links in with the social psychology approach. The social psychology of bullying examines factors like why some people perpetrate bullying behaviors due to their upbringing, their sense…

Social Media

What is social media

Why is it important to business

Why is it associated with reputational risk

The immediacy of social media can be effective in handling reputation risk, when a company gets in front of an issue, but to do this effectively requires understanding the nature of social media communication

Critical Background

Define social media

Discuss its role in business

Outline the defining characteristics of social media

How do these characteristics contribute to reputational risk

Business executives fear reputational risk

Negative feedback on social media

Pace at which social media issues unfold

It is recommended to deal with reputational issues proactively

Public relations

How P departments dealt with crises in the past

Differences between social media and traditional media

The company cannot respond with old school P techniques

Social media requires new techniques

A new approach is required

How to use social media to manage reputation risk…

References

Serafin, T. (2015). Reputation risk leading company concern in 2015. Forbes. Retrieved November 20, 2015 from  http://www.forbes.com/sites/tatianaserafin/2015/01/05/reputation-risk-leading-company-concern-in-2015/ 

Spanier, G. (2015). Reputational risk in the social media age. Raconteur. Retrieved November 20, 2015 from  http://raconteur.net/business/reputational-risk-in-the-social-media-age 

Investopedia (2015). Definition of social media. Investopedia. Retrieved November 20, 2015 from  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-media.asp 

Deloitte (2015). Managing social media risks to reputation: A hot topic on the board agenda. Deloitte Retrieved November 20, 2015 from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/lu/Documents/risk/lu-managing-social-media-risks-reputation-risk-03032015.pdf

Already educated, she had the resources to -- and indeed did find - employment opportunities. Sociologically, she belonged in the lower middle classes. Both individuals had intelligence, courage and grits. But both also possessed existent privileges with which they could pull themselves up. Critics of the work-it-hard perspective omit these facts. Perhaps they do so because focusing on the ordeals of the working class would suck us in a web of responsibility.

The unfortunate fact is that individuals belonging to the working class castigate themselves unfairly for conditions that are beyond their control.

An example in Newman's book is illustrated by 'Jarvis' who, despite his experience, unable to find a job in a restaurant is still seeking employment. Yet 'Jarvis' still holds himself accountable for his lack of success "Some people are willing to try hard and therefore they can make it, regardless if the deck is stacked against them…

Reference

Newman, K.S. No Shame in my Game: The Working Poor in the Inner City. NY: Vintage, 2000

As emotionally intelligent employees are reportedly more content, conscientious and committed in the workplace, businesses and organizations are repeatedly advised to recruit and retain these individuals. Abraham (2006), nevertheless, reports that the strongest findings emerging from her study was.".. The effect of job control on emotional intelligence." She contends that emotionally intelligent employees will not just naturally thrive in their workplace; that the work environment needs to provide independence in decision making for employees to succeed.

Aims and Objectives

Aim

To explore concepts encapsulated in and related to EQ testing, through intensive research and appropriate assessment of collected data.

esearch for this project proposes to increase understanding of EQ testing, as well as, complementary components.

Each objective presented in this proposal reflects an area of interest which will be expounded upon. As Objective 5, however, mirrors a primary consideration, plans are to include numerous samplings of related studies.

1.2 Objective…

References

Abraham, Rebecca. "The Role of Job Control as a Moderator of Emotional Dissonance and Emotional Intelligence -- Outcome Relationships.(Statistical Data Included)," the Journal of Psychology, March 1, 2000.

Bar-on, Reuven Ph.D (2005). "The World's First Scientific Measure of Emotional Intelligence."(2006). PEN Psychodiagnostics [26 September 2006].  http://www.eqiq.nl/eqivol.htm .

A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5008598359

Before You Start Your Fruit and Fibre Diet You Should Speak to This Man. (2005, February 9). Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), p. 12.

" (2001) Atkins-urnett relates that a "key index of competence in childhood and adolescence" is 'peer competence'. Stated is that: "Relationships with peers, as measured by sociometric indicators are strong indicators of both concurrent and future adaptive functioning." (2001) Longitudinal studies all show that there are similar characteristics "among resilient children: strong sense of competence and self-efficacy, well-liked by peers and adults, reflective rather than impulsive, use of flexible coping strategies, internal locus of control and good intellectual skills" (urnett-Atkins, 2001)

The work of Qualter, Gardner and Whiteley (2007) entitled: "Emotional Intelligence: Review of Research and Educational Implications" states that there is: "...continuing controversy over how to define and measure EI, and how significant the concept of EI is in predicting various aspects of life success. Two predominant perspectives are those adopting an Ability EI and a Trait EI approach." (Qualter, Gardner, and Whiteley, 2007) Emotional Intelligence has been portrayed…

Bibliography

Bar-on, R. (in press). Emotional and Social Intelligence: Insights from the Emotional

Berry, D.J.; Bridges, L.J.; and Zaslow, M.J. (2004) Early Childhood Measures Profiles. Prepared by Child Trends: Washington DC. www.childtrends.org.

Boyatzis, R.E. (1994). Stimulating self-directed learning thought the Managerial Assessment and Development Course, Journal of Management Eduaction,18(3), 304-323.

Chapman, B.P. And Hayslip, B. (2005) Incremental Validity of a Measure of Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Personality Assessment. Vol. 85 No. 2. 2005.

Cultural Differences in the Perception of Intelligence

Sociology

For the purposes of this assignment, two cultures will be compared with respect to how they perceive intelligence. Culture is relative, as is perception, as will be demonstrated in this paper with specific regard to intelligence. The two cultures that will be compared are American culture and Japanese culture. These two cultures have an intense past and interconnected present; they are very different with respect to social context, perspective, and perception. The paper will consider how these cultures interpret and perceive intelligence differently. The paper will reflect upon how intelligence, among other characteristics and elements, is measured differently because of variations in culture. The paper will further consider how, within varying social contexts and cultures, one might test for a spectrum of cognitive abilities, with respect to the two cultures of focus, Japanese and American.

American culture is very self-centered relative to…

References:

Furnham, A., & Fukumoto, S. (2008). Japanese parents' estimates of their own and their children's multiple intelligences: Cultural modesty and moderate differentiation. Japanese Psychological Research, 50(2), 63 -- 76.

Smith, M.K. (2002, 2008). Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences. The Encyclopedia of Informal Education, Web, Available from:  http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm . 2012 December 20.

Sternberg, R.J., & Grigorenko, E.L. (2004). Why We Need to Explore Development in Its Cultural Context. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(3), 369 -- 386.

In recent years, many researchers have been attracted by the topic of emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership style. Their interest in the area is based on claims that effective leadership style and Emotional Intelligence are linked. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and leadership style giving emphasis to transformational in organizations and countries by incorporating the concept of organizational culture. The future existence of agencies has been determined primarily by their ability to adapt to continuous change. As such, the study also looks into unveiling the actual role of gender in determining leadership style and Emotional Intelligence as effective areas of organizational behavior. In concluding the research, the study looks at limitations and gives recommendations for further studies in this field.

Emotional intelligence has been defined as the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions because it is a…

Different leaders espouse differing styles of leadership. The managers in various organizations benefit from diverse approaches comprising transformational leadership, transactional leadership, enigmatic leadership, dictatorial leadership or visionary leadership (Esfahani and Soflu, 2011). In the contemporary, there is increased consideration regarding the role that quality relationships play in the workplace and how they can profit the organization. Emotional intelligence is delineated as the subsection of social intelligence that takes into account the capability of an individual to monitor his or her own feelings and emotions as well as those of others, to distinguish amidst them and to utilize this information for guiding the individual's thoughts and actions (Hunt and Fitzgerald, 2013). In other words, emotional intelligence is the power of rational, coherent response and comprehending a sequence of emotions and belief that the managers with high social intelligence, through the assistance of ideal self-assurance and inherent control center have high capability…

The role of leaders in the present-day service-oriented organizations entails inspiring and motivating subordinates, promoting positive work-related attitudes, and developing a feel of both importance and involvement in and with subordinates. The aforementioned modern leadership tasks place novel demands on programs designed to teach people requisite skills and transform them into leaders. There are also increased demands on companies engaged in choosing leaders, to identify key leadership skills in the candidate pool. Consequently, researchers have focused on examining the fundamental characteristics and performance of successful leaders who effectively assume the mentioned modern leadership responsibilities, to determine leadership training and selection conditions for recruiting and developing efficient corporate leaders. Emotional intelligence, defined as a collection of skills, partly indicating an individual's effectiveness in tackling personal as well as others' emotions, is one of the variables (that have recently become popular) identified as a prospective fundamental leadership trait (Palmer et al. 2001).…

Intellectual Functioning

Your IQ

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Stanford -- Binet Intelligence Scales

Analysis of Wechsler Adult Intelligence and Stanford -- Binet Intelligence

Present use of Stanford -- Binet Intelligence and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Precautions

esults from Studies

The performance IQ

Assessment of Intellectual Functioning

Psychological testing -- also known as the psychological assessment -- is basically the foundation of how psychologists are able to get a better understanding a person and their behavior. It is a process of problem solving for many professionals -- to try and regulate the core components of a person's psychological or mental health difficulties, personality, IQ, or some other element. It is likewise some kind of process that aids and identifies not just flaws of a person, but also all of their strengths. Psychological testing are done to measure a person's performance at a particular point in time. Psychologists discuss about an individual's…

References

Arrigo, B.A. (2009). Police corruption and psychological testing: A strategy for preemployment screening. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 12(3), 23-45.

Emerson, E., Einfeld, S., & Stancliffe, R.J. (2010). The mental health of young children with intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(21), 21-34.

Gonzalez-Gordon, R.G., Salvador-Carulla, L., Romero, C., Gonzalez-Saiz, F., & Romero, D. (2012). Feasibility, reliability and validity of the Spanish version of Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disability: A structured psychiatric interview for intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 21(6), 111-120.

Maeda, S., Kita, F., Miyawaki, T., & Takeuchi. (2012). Assessment of patients with intellectual disability using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to evaluate dental treatment tolerability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 24(9), 253-259.

Emotional Intelligence

Today, most people have a general understanding concerning the concept of intelligence, but many may lack of comprehensive understanding of the concept of emotional intelligence. To help overcome this gap, this paper provides some salient examples of emotional intelligence together with an explanation concerning how this construct is conceptualized by modern researchers. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings concerning emotional intelligence are provided in the conclusion.

The concept of emotional intelligence was first proposed during the early 1990s and the concept has since been refined to include subsequent research (Richburg and Fletcher 32). According to the definition provided by Richburg and Fletcher, emotional intelligence is "a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions" (32). Salient examples of emotional intelligence can be related…

Works Cited

Pearman, Roger. (2011, March). "The Leading Edge: Using Emotional Intelligence to Enhance Performance: Get an Edge on Business Goals by Making Emotional Intelligence Behaviors Commonplace in Everyday Organizational Life." Talent Development 65(3): 68-71. Print.

Richburg, Melanie and Fletcher, Teresa. (2002, March). "Emotional Intelligence: Directing a Child's Emotional Education." Child Study Journal 32(1): 31-34. Print.

Wirth, Gabrielle and Gansle, Gary. (2012, October). "Jump toward Emotional Intelligence." HRMagazine 57(10): 87-89. Print.

Organizational Culture

Cultural influences on training and development are pivotal in the success of both (Kissack, Callahan, 2010). Cultural influences can be as simple as having an organizational culture that promotes a unified, coherent vision/goal towards which all employees can strive. It can consist of strong leadership with leaders who have good Emotional Intelligence and Social Intelligence and thus are able to keep morale high in the workplace. It can consist of incentivizing workers through good H plans like health benefits or rewards for goals being met. It can consist of a strong devotion to ethics and corporate social responsibility (CS). Each of these examples serves to reinforce training principles and positive development.

For these reasons, however, cultural continuity and change on organizational succession planning are important. If a workplace culture that is effective has been cultivated by is not continued by the arrival of new leadership in upper positions…

References

Kissack, H., Callahan, J. (2010). The reciprocal influence of organizational culture and training and development programs: Building the case for a culture analysis within program planning. Journal of European Industrial Training, 34(4): 365-380.

Schyns, B., Schilling, J. (2013). How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-

analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 24: 138-158.

Because of the difficulties he analyzed in a testtaker's response to a task, he called for more complex measurements of intellectual ability than previously undertaken.

Wechsler built upon these views, compiling a more complete definition of intelligence but as parochial as that examined by Sternberg. "Intelligence, operationally defined, is the aggregate or global capacity of the individually to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal with his environment." (235)

Wechsler critically added that intelligence is not just the sum of the abilities included in the definition, but it is something only understandable by the measurement of the various aspects of those abilities. (235) Likewise, he added that an individual's ability to perceive and respond to social, moral, and aesthetic values contributed to a personality of intelligence.

Examining the cognitive process of young children, Piaget found that intelligence was an evolving process of a certain adaptation to the outside world.…

Charles Spearman was the first to develop techniques that measured "intercorrelations" between different tests of intelligence. The development of these theories lead to the evolution of the two-factor theory of intelligence, in which he postulated that the existence of a general intellectual ability factor that can and is tapped by all other mental abilities such as linguistic, mechanical, and arithmetic abilities. (238) Spearman instituted tests that measured the magnitude of this general intelligence and concluded that the higher the general intelligence, the greater a subject's overall intelligence would be. (237)

Spearman's work led directly to the development of multi-intelligence models, like those of Guilford (1967), that attempt to explain the varied types of identifiable intelligence witnessed throughout the general population. Evolving from the discussion of intelligence as a general idea accepted by the lay population but without real definition, psychologists from Sternberg to Spearman attempted to decipher the popular idea of intelligence, capture it within an acceptable definition, and understand its origins, growth, possibilities, and application. Each scientist presented a new way to examine the nebulous idea, mollifying its uncertain nature with an infusion of definition and standards, shedding light on the wholly inconspicuous concept of brilliance.

Cohen and Swerdlik, Jay and Mark E. Psychological Testing and Assessment. 6th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.

Emotions affect how memories are processed, stored, and retrieved, which also impacts how learning takes place. Perhaps more importantly, emotions impact cognitive processes and learning. Neuroscience shows the ways thoughts are processed depends on one's cultural context and also emotional states. Thinking styles may be also linked to the learning process, as Zhang & Sternberg (2010) point out, and thinking styles are themselves related to cultural variables. The ways people process information therefore has to do with social learning as well as emotional learning and memory. Certain types of emotions may be more conducive to specific types of learning styles or learning behaviors. Emotions can also promote synchronized or chaotic neurological responses. These findings have implications for classroom design and pedagogy.

Wealth means far more than just possession of material goods. As Zhang & Sternberg (2010) point out, capital refers not only to assets in the traditional sense but also…

, et al., 2011). Individuals most often use social media to create and strengthen relationships and increase communication within those relationships, rather than explicitly wanting to shop for products. Those individuals are using social media sites to: a) "construct a profile within a bounded system"; b) maintain "lists of other users with whom they share connections"; and c) view and "browse" those lists of connections with others they have interacted with online (Taylor et al., et al., 2011, 259). Many users of social media do not intend to use viral platforms to think about buying products, but end up doing so subliminally. ather, most are using such platforms to create and maintain relationships; "typical social networking sites allow a user to build and maintain a network of friends for social or professional interaction" (Marks 2009 p 5). Jim Tobin's concept of "Cocktail Party" is the analogy for social media that…

References

ABS Research (2009). 4901.0 - Children's Participation in Cultural and Leisure Activities, Australia. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Boyd, D.M. And N.B. Ellison (2008). "Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13(1): 210-230.

Bulearca, M. & Bulearca, S. 2010. Twitter: A viable marketing tool for SMEs?. Global Business and Management Research. 2;4 pp296-309

Clarke, I. (2001). "Emerging value propositions for m-commerce." Journal of Business Strategies 18(2): 133-148.

social contract would observe the law as well as the institution to enforce that law. y the enforcement of that law, those covered could expect justice to be done to them and everybody else. In times of trouble, such as when burglars or other criminals attack, one could call the police for help. Those covered by the contract need neither to fear such unjust attacks nor to take the law into their own hands. The weak need not fear the strong.

The deal for those covered by the social contract is that they join individual forces and resources with others who also want peace and equality, so that their own goods may not be taken from them unjustly, either. And because there are more people who want their goods and other rights protected than those who want a free-for-all all the time, there would be more people who would join…

Bibliography

Locke, John. (2003). Two Treatises of Government. Lonang Library: Lonang Institute.  http://www.lonang.com/exlibris/locke 

Rawls, John. (1999). A Theory of Justice. Revised. Cambridge: Bellknap Press

Taylor, Bobby. (1987). Rosseau's "Social Contract:" a Critical Response. The Freeman: The Foundation for Economic Education, volume 37, number 1

Wikipedia. (2001). Jean Jacques Rosseau. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://www.utm.edu/rsearch/iep/r/rousseau.htm

The objective of course in transferability is not to generalize, but to determine if indeed, the same results will hold true for other groups that share the same characteristics from which the results of the study came from (e.g., cultural sub-groups within the American Indian culture) (Babbie, 2003:211). Lastly, Trustworthiness is the establishment of the researcher's credibility and trust between him/her and the study's informants / interviewees / discussants. Trust leads to rapport, which will make the informant at ease, disclose more, and impart useful insights about the topic/phenomenon under study.

Thus, when applied to the issue of utilizing social media to increase the competitiveness of small businesses, these concepts are especially valuable. Trust and integrity are important for small businesses because they rely on their small group of loyal and satisfied clients/customers to spread the "good word" about their products and services. Especially in using the social media as…

Reference:

Babbie, E. (2003). The Practice of Social Research. NY: Wadsworth Publishing.

Network and usiness Intelligence: Discussion Locus and Political Hotbed

The objective of this study is to examine why the implementation of I in an organization in the context of total social-technical system is more efficient and effective than the traditional way of implementing I in the context of social subsystem alone.

usiness Intelligence is reported to as a professional discipline to "prescribe organizational and technological interventions aimed at providing timely, accurate information to the right people, at the right times, to enable and improve business decision making." (Clark, nd, p. 1) This is reported to be situated "firmly within the domain of decision support systems (DSS) and scarcely an academic paper or vendor sales-pitch fails to mention I's power to impact decision-making." (Clark, nd, p. 1) However, there is still little comprehension of how the tools and strategies of I impact decision making.

Components of usiness Intelligence

It is reported…

Bibliography

Clark, JW (nd) Business Intelligence and Decision Making: Understanding B.I. As a Theory-Performing discipline of Decision Improvement. Sprouts Working Papers on Information Systems. Retrieved from: http://sprouts.aisnet.org/935/2/BI_as_theory-performing_nov2010.pdf

Is Your Business Intelligent? The 4 Modes of Intelligence (2011) RightPoint. Retrieved from:  http://community.rightpoint.com/blogs/viewpoint/archive/2011/04/18/is-your-business-intelligent-the-4-modes-of-intelligence.aspx

Intel Organization

Pfeffer & Salanick (1978) proposed many important ideas in their examination of management theory's incorporation of external elements and controls. While the information contained in this reading are useful in some manner, their perspective remains incomplete and one sided in many ways. While it is true that the external controls and exchanges between organizations have a direct and almost obvious impact on the cumulative results, the author's ignore the requirement for balance and reason within the total concept of control.

While federal intelligence agencies such as the CIA certain would benefit from taking the authors' recommendations when they wrote " the key to organizational survival is the ability to acquire and maintain resources, " (p.2), it still feels that something even more important is left out. The CIA can and does acquire incredibly large amounts of data and information, or resources, however a point of diminishing returns awaits…

Chelsea Manning Tried Committing Suicide a Second Time in October

In this article, Charlie Savage reports about Chelsea Manning second attempted suicide. Miss Chelsea had previously served in the Army in Iraq as an intelligence analyst. During this time, Miss Chelsea had attempted suicide for the second time. She was convicted and sentenced to 35 years for allegedly leaking confidential army documents to Wikileaks.

In my opinion, the court sentence was unwarranted and contributed to Miss Manning's multiple suicide attempts. During the trials for this case, the court established that Miss Manning had undergone both psychological and mental deterioration at the time when she committed the alleged crime. As such, the court ought to have considered that fact by the time it made the ruling. This application of the law that did not consider Miss Manning's special case has contributed to her frustrations and hence the attempted suicide. Moreover, the…

The standard IQ tests based on the work of Alfred Binet and Lewis Terman are also based on the idea of a single-ability measure of intelligence.

Multiple intelligence

The idea of a single g factoring intelligence, however, has numerous critics. As early as 1938, psychologist L.L. Thurstone criticized the narrowness of Spearman's model. Thurstone argued that mental abilities such as verbal comprehension, spatial visualization and reasoning were distinct forms of intelligences that should be considered separate from one another (Huffman 2003).

Howard Gardner, a cognitive theorist, pursued this idea further by proposing a theory of multiple intelligences. Gardner devised a criteria of eight intelligences, including linguistic skills, bodily-kinesthetic skills and logical-mathematical skills. According to Gardner, people can have different profiles of intelligence, meaning that they can have challenges in some areas but exhibit strengths in others. Because of these different forms of intelligence, Gardner proposed that people also have distinct…

Works Cited

Huffman, Karen. 2003. Psychology in Action. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

gathering and using knowledge as a basis for making decisions in formal settings is an old one. If one is to gain advantage over their rivals, it is essential to gather updated knowledge that is also accurate with regard to what they intend to do and their capabilities. The principle applies across a wide range of fields including military strategies, politics, criminal intelligence circles and business. Further, it is a continually evolving process. It has been changing in response to socio-cultural factors, higher advanced analytical skill requirements, organizational demands, and even technology. Review of the roots of intelligence and the analytical procedures as a pre-occupation and profession is a consultative activity. Such analysis of the background of intelligence processes helps us to understand the past, the present and help anticipate the future. We also learn, in the process, that intelligence gathering is an ever evolving field. Consequently, if the practice…

Bibliography

CIA. (n.d.). Signals Intelligence Activities. Retrieved from cia.gov:  https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/Policy-and-Procedures-for-CIA-Signals-Intelligence-Activities.pdf 

Erickson, M. H. (1929). Study of the Relationship Between Intelligence and Crime. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology.

Manget, F. F. (2006). INTELLIGENCE AND THE CRIMINAL LAW SYSTEM. STANFORD LAW AND POLICY REVIEW, 415.

Ratcliffe, J. H. (2007). Integrated Intelligence and Crime Analysis. Police Foundation.

Technology has both enlightened and darkened the souls of humanity. It has connected people from all walks of life and it has also divided people. ith the invention and proliferation of the internet, knowledge is just a web result and click away. ith articles discussing Google, social networking, and the creation of smarter than human computers, is technology truly a blessing, or ultimately a curse?

In an article titled "Is Google making us Stupid?" by Nicholar Carr, the writer discusses the increase in internet usage and the perhaps increased decline in overall intelligence. hile writers like Carr gain incredible ability to research quickly and with ease in the comfort of home, there is also more chances for people to go online to entertain themselves, skim text, and avoid actually reading. Yes, it is more convenient than going to the library and looking up physical copies of information, but most people…

Works Cited

Bostrom, Nick. "Nick Bostrom: What Happens When Our Computers Get Smarter Than We Are?." Singularity Weblog. N.p., 2015. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.

Carr, Nicholas. "Is Google Making Us Stupid?." The Atlantic. N.p., 2015. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.

Sentow, Manuel. "OMG: Tweeting, Trending, And Texting (Summary and Reflection)." themanuelsantosblog. N.p., 2015. Web. 14 Dec. 2015.

S.A., Canada, the UK, Australia, and Finland.

To begin, the age range of study populations can be problematic, as the social experiences and social environment of an 85-year-old may be wildly divergent than an 11-year-old, for example. Further, the recollections (after the fact) of an adult may be greatly different than those of someone in the throes of puberty and new social and sexual experiences. Similarly, diagnoses, and location between the papers could lead to a great divergence in the study populations. Differences in IQ assessment between the papers may also have created a disparity of IQs. Essentially, the authors may have cast their net a bit too wide in their analysis.

Overall, Wiegerink et al.'s (2006) analysis provides a useful overview of the problems faced by adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy. Further research, however, should attempt to more painstakingly describe how the many factors influencing social and…

References

Wiegerink DJ, Roebroeck ME, Donkervoort M, Stam HJ, and Cohen-Kettenis PT. 2006. Social and Sexual Relationships of Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Review. Clin Rehabil. Dec;20(12):1023-31.

ationality

Humans are lousy at thinking.

Except, of course, that we're not. But it is true that humans are relatively bad at purely rational thinking. This should not perhaps be surprising to us: We are not, after all, computers, which are far better than are humans at making rational decisions and providing rational calculations about situations. This is not entirely a bad thing: Humans have apparently (though the process of evolution) sacrificed the ability to make perfectly rational calculations for the ability to excel at what those who are trying to teach computers to think like humans call fuzzy thinking. We are good, for example, at being able to read another person's internal emotional state by the tilt of their eyebrows but we are relatively bad at calculating the odds of whether to take another card in blackjack - to the unending enrichment of the Las Vegas casinos.

However, while…

References

 http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/figure_it_out/lottery.shtml  http://www.math.byu.edu/~jarvis/gambling/gambling-fallacies.html

 http://www.truthpizza.org/logic/sample.htm 

Paulos, J.A. (2001). Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences. London: Hill and Wang.

Social esponsibilty Strategy for Community

Social esponsibility Strategy for Community Hospital

Alexandria Hospital

Corporate Social esponsibility

The following is a fictional plan of that will describe the development of a fictional Hospital's Corporate Social esponsibility initiative. It will include things such as the philanthropic, community and environmental benefit that document Alexandria Hospital's commitment and concern in regards to the welfare of their employees and the patients that they will serve, in the community development and health, human rights, enabling people through education and material, public reporting and transparency, business ethics and providing a community benefit (ohini & Mahadevappa, 2010).

Community Benefit and Free Care

Alexandria Hospital will bring great benefit to the surrounding communities in order to be able to serve in countless methods, the hospital has future plans of giving nearly $923,000 in Community Health Improvement Services, supporting the care that will be provided to patients who are covered…

References:

Castka, P., & Balzarova, M.A. (2008). Adoption of social responsibility through the expansion of existing management systems. Industrial Management + Data Systems, 108(3), 297-309.

Galbreath, J. (2010). The impact of strategic orientation on corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 18(1), 23-40.

Kakabadse, N.K., & Cecile Rozuel. (2006). Meaning of corporate social responsibility in a local French hospital: A case study. Society and Business Review, 1(1), 77-96.

Luu, T.T. (2013). Corporate social responsibility, upward influence behavior, team processes and competitive intelligence. Team Performance Management, 19(1), 6-33.

Social Advocacy in Counseling

Social advocacy has been described by some counseling theorists as a "fifth force" paradigm that should be considered to rival if not replace other major counseling psychology paradigms regarding behavior and mental illness (atts, 2009). This paper briefly discusses what social justice/advocacy is, the debate regarding its status as a paradigm in counseling psychology, and how social advocacy can enhance both the client's experience and life and the professional counselor's personal, professional, and ethical obligations to helping others.

Social Justice

Social justice is fairness or impartiality exercised in society, specifically as it is implemented by and within different levels of social classes of a society. A truly socially just populace would be based on the principles of solidarity and equality, would consider and maintain values, human rights, and the dignity of every person in the society (Bell, 1997). Social justice/advocacy theories have in recent years been…

References

American Counseling Association. (2005). ACA code of ethics. Alexandria, VA: Author.

Bell, L. (1997). Theoretical foundations for social justice education. In M. Adams, L. Bell, & P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for diversity and social justice (pp. 3-16). New York: Routledge.

Betancourt, J.R., Green, A.R., Carrillo, J.E., & Park, E.R. (2005). Cultural competence and health care disparities: Key perspectives and trends. Health Affairs, 24, 499 -- 505.

Carlson, N. (2011). Foundations of behavioral neuroscience (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson

Intelligence/Pesonality Tests

The concept of intelligence and the pactice (and pacticality) of testing fo intelligence has been one of the moe contovesial aeas of psychology and psychometics since the fist tests wee developed and administeed a centuy ago. Fa fom thee being a consensus in the scientific community on exactly what makes up intelligence, the list of chaacteistics that compise intelligence has instead been a matte of exteme and ongoing debate. Measuing intelligence in individuals has found an even geate shae of disageement and contovesy. Even when eseaches ae able to agee on what aspects should be measued to develop an accuate pictue of intelligence, the methods poposed and implemented fo testing these aeas have often been widely disputed. The contovesy suounding intelligence testing eached new heights in the ea of cultual divesity, as it became clea that the standad intelligence tests in use fo the bette pat of the…

references in four categories: introvert/extrovert, intuitive/sensing, thinking/feeling, and perceiving/judging. This test is closely related to both intelligence tests in certain ways, but completely unrelated in others. That is, both intelligence tests reflect the way each individual thinks -- their intellectual strengths and weaknesses -- to some degree. The Myers-Briggs personality type test reveals a great deal about the way an individual thinks and interacts with the world, but it does not predict how efficiently this occurs -- that is the realm of the intelligence tests. Both types of tests can be used to measure someone's capabilities and proclivities to aid in employment placement or in psychological testing, to determine where problems might lie or how they might best be handled.

These issues lead to what could be some major ethical issues with both types of test. Given the fact that some bias is inherent to even the most carefully designed test, the use of either (or both) intelligence or personality tests to determine suitability for employment could be viewed as ethically unacceptable in terms of discriminatory practices. Online testing is somewhat less fraught with ethical considerations, as it is (or should be) assumed that tehse tests are not fully accurate measures and are taken more for reasons of personal enjoyment. The fact that many tests try to sell you things, or claim to be incredibly accurate, does diminish the harmlessness somewhat, but our culture should know no to trust everything on the web.

Social and Behavioral Intelligence: Professional Attire

Were the individuals professional?

In considering the images of the individuals in the business professional slides, several things become apparent. The first image is professional as the men are wearing suits and ties which is considered professional attire. For the women, the corresponding attire is wearing button down shirts with one wearing a vest over the shirt. In the second image it is clear that the man is professionally dressed as he is wearing a suit. The other five people are wearing button down shirts which are considered professional. However, it would also be important to know in what color these shirts are, as well as what they are paired with, to consider their attires professional. The third image reveals unprofessional business attire as sweaters are worn. In some settings, this may be acceptable but in a strictly business professional setting, they are not…

References

Business Attire. (n.d.). Retrieved January 11, 2016, from  http://www.mccombs.utexas.edu/~/media/Files/MSB/Student-Orgs/Diversity  Council/F12 Instructional_Guide_-_Business_Attire.pdf

A Quick Guide to Professional Dress for Men and Women. (n.d.). Retrieved January 11,

2016, from  http://www.sph.emory.edu/careers/documents/ProfessionalDressforSuccess.pdf 

Campbell, S. (2015, February 12). 7 Characteristics of Exceptional Business Professionals.

Social Media Presence at LinkedIn

Professional Picture Here

Ibrahim Swaray

Cyber Security Graduate/Cyber Security Officer at University of Maryland

idgewood Area, Baltimore, Maryland -- Information and Cyber Security

Current: University of Maryland University of College

Previous: Northrop Tech, CPCI,

Education: University of Maryland

Send Ibrahim InMail

Connect

us.linkedin.com/pub/ibrahim-swaray/35/ab7/537 Contact Info

Innovative cyber security graduate seeking position as an IT and Cyber Security Analyst to provide cyber, technical and information security advice for your organizations to protect your information assets.

A broad knowledge of cyber and information security with a good understanding of practical application of various security technologies and their theoretical frameworks.

My Values and Experience

I am a graduate from University of Maryland University College with Bachelor of Science and Master Degree in Cyber Security. My university education and practical knowledge during my industrial experience have assisted me to gain practical knowledge in cyber security that enhanced my greater…

Reference

Ford, B. & Risler, J. (2010). Entry-level Cyber Cyber Security Analyst Skill

Development. Cisco.

Hughe, J. & Cybenko, G. (2013). Quantitative Metrics and Risk Assessment: The Three Tenets Model of Cybersecurity. USA.

Infosec Institute (2015). Cyber Threat Analysis. USA.

Social Promotion

There are concerns that schools are performing an injustice by passing students onto the next grade level although they fail the basic requirements for the current grade level. Underachieving middle school students are being promoted with little regard as to how it may impact their future success in education. It sets the precedence for some students who believe that they do not have to make any effort and they will still move to the next grade without suffering any consequences. This gives the message that accountability in middle schools is unimportant.

The purpose of this research study is to identify and evaluate the effects of social promotion amongst middle school students.

ationale

Teachers have encountered many cases in which students should have been retained in the same grade as a result of poor attendance, limited ability, and lack of effort. However, school administrators have granted social promotion to…

References

The balanced view: social promotion & retention.

Westchester Institute for Human Services Research, http://www.sharingsuccess.org/code/bv/socprom.html

Christie, K. (2001). The middle level: more than treading water. Phi Delta Kappan, 82(9), 1-3.

Darling-Hammond, L. (1998). Avoiding both grade retention and social promotion. Education Digest, 64(3), 48-53.

Social Media Leadership

This study is designed to understand evolution of leaders' behavior and approach to leadership because of social media's pervasive influence on employees and followers. The study also investigates the effectiveness of leadership by analyzing flexible and adaptable authority styles and designating leadership methods based on circumstances encountered in organizations. The study attempted to demonstrate how leadership adaptability and effectiveness can be achieved simultaneously through the use of social media.

The research ascertained the leaders' standpoint on social media for their leadership practice and the benefits the organization accrues. The manner in which leaders steer their organizations, and the manner in which they choose to communicate, collaborate, build relationships, make decisions, and create new business opportunities is predicated on creating an environment of trust in their organizations. Leadership effectiveness within the social media context is based on the leaders' abilities to make real-time decisions necessary to effectively influence…

Business Use of Social Media

Social Media Marketing

Social media refers to the countless Internet-based sites and tools that facilitate and promote social interaction and networking through digitized means (Bulik, 2008). Social media marketing includes sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, and should always be included in an organization's business plan in some capacity. Each platform leverages the power of the Internet to facilitate social interaction and allow people to keep up-to-date with hundreds of others instantaneously (Fredericks, 2012). Social media as a marketing genre has the power to bridge distances and communication obstacles in a highly personalized and direct way.

It is estimated that 75% of the global consumers who use the web regularly visit social media websites (Libert, 2011). Visitors are reported as spending anywhere from 3 to 6.5 hours a day on sites such as Facebook. Subscriptions for social media sites are growing by leaps and…

References

Bulik, B. (2008). Wait…Isn't This the Same as Social Networks?. Advertising Age, 79(11), 47.

Fredericks, R. (2012). We Facebook. Do You?. Journal of Housing & Community Development, 69(4), 20-21.

Libert, B. (2011). Go Beyond Facebook and Twitter. CRM Magazine, 15(2), 19-24.

McCafferty, D. (2011). Brave, New Social World. Communications of the ACM, 54(7), 19-21. doi:10.1145/1965724.1965732.

U.S. intelligence community is always expected to perform its duties according to some specified guidelines. This study examines the three themes found in the Pfeffer and Salancik book, "The External Control of Organizations," as applied to the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC). The paper reveals how the themes are applicable to the IC and their potential benefits to the IC. It is evident that the identified have proven to be useful to the community, as it has enabled it to adapt to the changing paradigms within the intelligence community.

The themes

First theme: the importance of the environment or the social context of organizations for understanding what decisions were made about issues ranging from whom to hire, the composition of boards of directors, and what alliances and mergers to seek.

From this theme, the leading obstacle in the realization of accountability in the U.S. intelligence community is the prerequisite of secrecy…

References

Banner, D.K., & Gagne?, T.E. (2006). Designing effective organizations: Traditional & transformational views. Thousand Oaks, CA.: Sage Publ.

Dobbin, F., & Schoonhoven, C.B. (2010). Organizational studies: The Stanford School 1970-2000. Bingley: Emerald.

Donaldson, L. (2010). American anti-management theories of organization: A critique of paradigm proliferation. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Hatch, M.J. (2011). Organizations: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.

Emotional Intelligence (EQ) Impacts Business Today

The article discusses how emotional intelligence (EQ) impacts business today in light of its increased use in the modern business environment. The discussion begins with an evaluation of the concept of emotional intelligence and the reasons it was introduced by Daniel Goleman in 1998. This is followed by an evaluation of the difference between emotional intelligence and intelligence quotient and the use of the concept of emotional intelligence in business today. The last two sections examine the effect of the use of emotional intelligence on business today and the reason for the increased demand for employees with high emotional intelligence.

Companies once believed that hiring individuals with high Intelligence Quotients (IQs) was a reflection of a sound recruiting strategy until the concept of Emotional Intelligence (EQ) emerged. Emotional Intelligence introduces a new way of looking at the root cause of the successes and failures…

References:

Chastukhina, N. (2002). On the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Organizations. Retrieved November 29, 2013, from  http://www.osra.org/2002/chastukhina.pdf 

Goleman, D. (2004, January). What Makes a Leader? Best of HBR 1998. Harvard Business

Review.

Maddocks, J. (2013, August 6). IQ vs. EQ in the Digital Age is Emotional Intelligence More

Perceptions of Intelligence

Intelligence is a concept that has numerous meanings across time, geography and culture. Typically, most of the definitions connect some sort of skill, plan or understanding of concepts, new things, etc. -- and the way that knowledge is combined with other ideas to form something new or adaptive. Numerous psychologists and neurologists continue to debate the differing types of intelligence and the ways individuals combine them to form a unique (and individual) basis for the way they view the world (Garlick, 2010). Creative intelligence, for instance, is the way individuals perceive their universe -- the world around them, and how that changes. Of course, because of the differences in the way people perceive their world, and the differences in the way and manner the external world is constructed, all individuals may be creative in one way or another. For instance, imagine how creative it was for our…

REFERENCES

Yuri Bronfenbrenner. (2005, September 26). Retrieved from Cornell University News:

 http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/Sept05/Bronfenbrenner.ssl.html 

Benjamin, L. (2009). The Birth of American Intelligence Testing. Monitor on Psychology.

40(1): Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/monitor/2009/01/assessment.html

U.S. Intelligence Stategy Histoy

The United States has always been a county that pided itself on the excellence of its militay excellenc and pecision. The defense and national foces have been at the heat of militay intelligence thoughout the yeas stating with 2001, in Septembe. Many govenment agencies, fo example, have joined foces with moe taditional militay foces to help combat both mino cime foces with those of a moe sophisticated body of cime thoughtout the United States and the wold. A histoical examination of the vaious elements elated to U.S. intelligence duing militay intense times eveal that moe attention to social o human concens duing the times involved might have ceated a geate dive towads caing fo those left destitute by a focus on militay o social concens duing Wold Wa II, the militay inquiies of the 1970s, and the invasion of Iaq stated in 2003. When examining the…

r, intelligence analysts had grossly underestimated Japanese capabilities and intentions, revealing a tendency to misunderstand Japanese actions by looking at them with American cultural biases. After the war, the resolve of America's leaders "never again" to permit another Pearl Harbor largely prompted the establishment of a centralized intelligence structure.

America's entrance into World War II created an immediate need for intelligence to support the warfighter. While the Army and the Navy maintained their own intelligence capabilities, none were prepared to provide the kind of support needed.1 To bolster this effort, the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was created in June 1942, under the recently established Joint Chiefs of Staff to succeed the Coordinator of Information. William Donovan remained in charge of the reorganized unit. In addition to assuming the analytical role of its predecessor, the OSS was chartered to carry out clandestine operations against the Axis powers on a worldwide scale. It was not, however, readily accepted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), who remained skeptical of the value of OSS activities, and the new unit faced strong competition from the FBI and the Army's intelligence organization.

Usually glamorized as the dashing operations arm of the U.S. Army (with its well-known espionage exploits with the Resistance in Europe), the OSS' contribution to intelligence production has gone largely unnoticed. It was, however, one of the seven major intelligence producers and was an important training ground for a generation of intelligence analysts, as well as operatives. Decidedly different than the British system, the OSS established the tradition of putting analysts and operatives in the same organization. The difficulties, however, that the OSS had in establishing itself within the JCS structure reaffirmed

Collective Intelligence and Plural Voices

One Internet platform which largely represents a hybrid of collective intelligence and mass amateurization is the blogosphere which makes predictions on the yearly results of the Academy Awards. Just as Jenkins makes the point that Survivor is a show which just begs the viewer to speculate about what happened, the Oscar Ceremony is an award show that is big enough and important enough that it begs for the prediction of the ultimate outcomes. ith these film buffs, there is a similar gathering of information and historical patterns which do create a knowledge community, comparable to the Survivor fans. These movie buffs are also similar to the Survivor fans in that making these predictions has become a game or tournament of accuracy; unlike Survivor, the results of the Oscars aren't determined months in advance. However, the results are tallied before the envelopes are open onstage, creating…

Works Cited

Hindman, M. (2009). The Myth of Digital Democracy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: New York University Press.

Shirky, C. (2008). Here Comes Everybody. New York: Penguin Books.

Zittrain, J. (2008). The Future of the Internet and How to Stop it. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Creative Intelligence

In basic terms, an individual's creative intelligence can be brought out using four primary styles. These styles include inspiration, innovation, imagination and intuition. In this text, I discuss the four styles of creative intelligence. In so doing, I bring out their key similarities and differences and look at how they impact on organizational decision making. Further, I highlight how mindsets and mental modes are influenced by the five forces while giving examples of how the decision making process might be limited by mental models and mindsets. Lastly, I discuss the most frequently used mindsets and mental modes which would ideally guide and influence the decisions I make at the workplace.

Discussion

According to Weiten (2010), "creative intelligence involves the ability to generate new ideas and to be inventive in dealing with novel problems." When it comes to intuition, owe (2004) is of the opinion that the same mainly…

References

Rowe, A. (2004). Creative Intelligence: Discovering the Innovative Potential in Ourselves and Others. Pearson/Prentice Hall

Weiten, W. (2010). Psychology: Themes and variations. Cengage Learning

Wind, Y., & Crook, C. (2005). The power of impossible thinking: Transform the business of your life and the life of your business. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Popularity of Social Media Marketing Among Businesses

Viral Marketing (social media)

Social Media Marketing

Social media are a shift in the way people read, share and discover information and related contents. This is taking place through the internet in the form of social networks (example Myspace, Facebook), blogs, music and video portals (example YouTube), micro blogging (example Pluk, Twitter) and news aggregators. The possibility brought through Web 2.0 is an evolutionary convergence allowing two way communication platform that harnesses collective intelligence. Social media marketing caries potential similar to a double-edged-sword (Trusov, Bucklin, & Pauwels, 2009).

easons for Exceedingly Popularity of Social Media Marketing Among Businesses

Outwardly, communication activities by businesses of all sizes have changed owing to growth of social media globally (Martin, 2009). Unlike the traditional channels of communication, social media provides a platform for existing and potential consumers to share opinions virtually. This transfers power to build or…

References

Dailey, P.R. (2009). Social Media: Finding Its Way into Your Business Strategy and Culture. Burlington, MA;: Linkage.

Donna, L., Hoffman, & Fodor. M. (2010). "Can You Measure the ROI of Your Social Media Marketing?",. MIT Sloan Management Review, 52(1), 41-49.

Joel, M. (2009). Six Pixels of separation. New York: Grand Central Publishing

Martin, T. (2009). Social Media is Meant for conversion, not "Marketing" Advertising Age, 80(6), 11-12.