Software Engineering Essays (Examples)

Software Engineering
Outline requirements for a Supermarket Checkout System -- The checkout system in a supermarket consists of a store computer to which the cash registers are connected. Each cash register is equipped with its own processor, a keypad with numeric keys and function keys, an electronic barcode scanner, a scale, a customer order receipt printer, a credit/debit card reader, a credit/debit card receipt printer and a display where item and price information is shown. The display is visible to both the customer and the cashier. Each register has a holder for a till containing cash, checks, coupons, etc., which is automatically opened at the end of each customer transaction. As a cashier begins a shift, he or she inserts a till into the cash register, logs onto the register and waits for approval from the system. He or she is then ready to process customer orders. A customer order…

Software Engineering
equirements Are Volatile: Design, esource Allocation, and Lifecyles Aren't So Flexible

For the majority of software development initiatives, bad requirements are a fact of life. Even when there is a high quality elicitation process, requirement change throughout the software lifecycle model. This is expected, if not desired to build a system that the customers wants and will use. But, it's difficult to change design and resource allocation once these have been developed based on initial requirements. And, the lifecycle model itself makes adjusting processes to accommodate new requirements difficult, even when abandoning discrete models in favor of more continuous approaches.

Bad requirements happen for many reasons. But, of all the requirements engineering processes, requirements elicitation has the highest incidence of malpractice.

Too little time is spent on elicitation and it is difficult to get customers to communicate their requirements because they either do not know what they want,…

Software Engineering: What Makes it un
IBM and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) have collaborated to create the Software Engineering Online Learning Center, a portal of educational and industry information that is very useful for any student of computer science, programming or software engineering. The intent of this paper is to evaluate this portal for its applicability and value to learning. The portal is designed around IBM-centric content as they are the primary partner; there are however many other software technology vendors also contributing content to this portal. The IEEE has divided the content into DB2 tutorials, provided linked to webcasts, Java learning tools, Linux certification tutorials, and dozens of white papers. There are also excellent sections on Amazon.com and eBay tutorials, and a balance of coverage for open source vs. proprietary operating systems. What is very useful about the content on the site is that it…

Management
Requirements engineering process is at the very core of project success. Rather than spend huge amounts of money for reworking the whole project it is prudent and cost effective to identify and rectify the problems early in the project development life cycle.

We are witnessing a paradigm shift in communication and computer technology and there is a consequent change in our business methodologies. In this automated business environment there is an ever-increasing stress on businesses to accomplish everything in an efficient and swift manner. The increasingly cutthroat completion, particularly in light of the global competition, has placed a huge stress on productivity. The need for timely completion of projects and the urgency to meet the deadlines has however cast new problems on its own with companies trying to rush in with their projects neglecting some fundamental aspects. The life of any project depends on the provisions provided with a…

Software Engineering)
Statement of purpose: Software engineering M.A.

Software engineering offers rapidly-expanding career opportunities and has the ability to shape our collective futures in so many critical areas, including the way we communicate, do business, and structure our lives. I am eager to sharpen my skills so I can become more competitive as an employee in this field. I currently hold a B.A. In software engineering from the College of Engineering and Information Technology (CEIT), Dar Al-Uloom University of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. I feel fully qualified to continue to pursue my education in an English-speaking country and believe that studying engineering in English is essential, given the dominance of English language-speaking companies in my chosen field.

As well as my B.A., I have certificates in a variety of areas, including SharePoint Event, SQL Server Path Event, and Google Event. Beyond my academic background, I gained knowledge and work…

Working Experience Report
Software engineer and project engineer are some of the most famous professions in the field of Information Technology. Given their popularity in the IT field, having experience in these professions can be considerably advantageous. The necessary experience can be obtained through working in different areas that relate to the professions after completion of an educational or training course. In most cases, people develop necessary experience through work placements after completing a degree course in any of these professions. However, there are other means of gaining experience in software engineering and project engineering such as internships, voluntary work, and summer contacts in this sector. Similar to other professions, employment in these fields requires relevant work experience in addition to academic qualifications. Employers are not only looking for candidates with necessary educational qualifications but are also looking for those with favorable relevant work experience.

Revamping an In-house Developed Application…

This approach brings down the costs involved, the chances of delay in product release and the gives the user an option to update their requirements in successive iterative steps (Jacobson & umbaugh 1999, pp. 3-13).
CHAPTE 2

Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server are among the most widely used databases with a large range of features with regards to their techniques of development and deployment. Both the Oracle 10g and SQL Server 2005 are equipped with a similar feature set with regards to how they aid in SOA (service Oriented Architecture) based application development. They vary in their simplicity of usage. SQL Server 2005 has its different features combined in the database server. Oracle has sections of its functionality distributed among its different products. The application server is not integrated with the database to the same extent as SQL Server. Most of its API's use Java-based services. Oracle does not have…

Silver ullet
During the 1970's, companies had difficulty delivering software within the constraints of schedule, budget, and quality (Food for Thought, 2005). The problem grew worse over time. Many projects undertaken in the 1980's and 1990's were complete disasters, failing to deliver anything, grossly exceeding budget and schedule deadlines, and delivering poor quality. Also, during the 1980's a "software crisis" occurred in which the spending on software maintenance exceeded spending on creating new software products. So, why can't software be mass produced in a way that is reliable and consistent just as manufactured goods are delivered today? There are many theories regarding lack of software productivity. rooks (1987) holds that the fundamental nature of software prevents meaningful automation. Cox (1996), on the other hand, makes the interesting assertion that software development issues stem from market dynamics, namely the way software is bought and sold. Most recently, experts have turned their…

Knowledge-Oriented Software Engineering Process
In a Multi-Cultural Context

In the peer-reviewed article Knowledge-Oriented Software Engineering Process In A Multi-Cultural Context (Jaakkola, Heimburger, Linna, 2010) the authors contend that the accelerating nature of software development leaves little time for cultural assimilation and integration of teams to an optimal level. The authors have defined the specifics of how software development is changing very rapidly due to mobile platforms, cloud computing and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). Exacerbating the challenges of creating software so rapidly are the cultural challenges as well, especially the multicultural and inter-organizational issues of software engineering (Jaakkola, Heimburger, Linna, 2010). The authors argue that a three layer model is needed to increase the performance of software engineering globally (Jaakkola, Heimburger, Linna, 2010). The authors have taken on a very complex problem that takes into account the multifaceted nature of software development in large organizations while also managing the complexities and nuances of…

Software Processing Methodology
Understanding the Problem

Klyne Smith, DSE Candidate

Dr. Frank Coyle

Technical

Motivation

esearch and Contribution Methods

Software Processing Methodologies

Waterfall Methodology

Strengths

Weaknesses

Opportunity

Threats

Iterative Methodology

Strengths

Weaknesses

Opportunities

Threats

Model Methodology

Strengths

Weaknesses

Opportunities

Threats

Where do we go from here (Spring 2010)?

Define measurement data points for Test Case analysis

Section IV

Creation and Validation of the predictive model

Section V

Summary Analysis

Practical Usage

Praxis Conclusion

Books

Articles / Web Information

Software Processing Methodology:

Understanding the Problem

Section I:

Introduction

In this work, I examine three different Software Processing Methodologies. I start with the iterative model, followed by the spiral model, and conclude with the V-model. Each of these methodologies are discussed in length to gain a clear understanding of their similarities and differences. This paper focuses on gaining a key understanding of the methodologies and when it is best to utilize each.…

Allowing for such access necessarily creates a point of weakness, and this must be carefully guarded against through many levels of protection (Stuttard & Pinto 2007). Many of the same steps that are employed in access differentiation as described above can also be employed here -- multiple levels of access that is password protected, strict compartmentalization of data and of processes, and other features such as the recognition and removal of malicious input can all protect the opening that is created by administrative access to application information and code (Stuttard & Pinto 2007). Password-protected access to a web application's source code is one common example of this type of core defense capability, which grows more complex as both the complexity of the system and needs for security increase.
Direct Attacks and Unauthorized Use: A More Detailed View

Direct attacks on applications, especially web-based applications, are becoming increasingly common as programming…

Introduction of the new technology will also means new job requirements as well. People are resistant to change by nature, but these changes are necessary to ensure that Argot gains and maintains a competitive edge long into the future. Management needs to stress the necessity of these changes to employees and assist them in making a smooth transition. Technological changes will require changes on many levels, not just in hardware and software. One of the keys is developing adequate training programs so that workers get off to a good start with the new system.

Benefits and Limitations of E-commerce

E-Commerce has several advantages and disadvantages. The key advantage is that it provides real-time access to necessary information among the various systems and departments. The second is that it streamlines business processes and raises organizational efficiency. This is the key benefit for the Argot International. Another advantages is that it maintains…

Crafting and Engineering Software: Contrast hat it Might Mean to Engineer Software ith hat it Means to Craft Software
The software engineer Steve McConnell notes, "The dictionary definition of engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles toward practical ends." (McConnell, 1998) He believes that is what most software designers do, namely they apply scientifically developed and mathematically defined algorithms, functional design methods, quality-assurance practices, and other practices to develop software products and services. To engineer software thus is to view a set of real world problems and to ask one's self what works and what does not work, when meeting the needs of the product's potential range of services, according to professional guidelines.

But although this may be useful when engaging in the architectural design of the project, and determining the overall processes of the program, it may be equally useful to think of one's self as a…

Reverse Engineering
It is impossible to create requirements and test artifacts by reverse engineering with complete accuracy as explained in this paper. Still, it's a valuable aide for gaining knowledge of existing systems, even though understanding the system as actually built and uncovering known usage modes are difficult.

Reconstructing the design of existing software is especially important for complex legacy systems, but can be a challenge because documents are often not available, dispersed and focused on isolated algorithms and data structures. This makes the formation of a higher-level structural models a time consuming, piece-meal activity. Reverse engineering has been touted as the solution to these issues, but the reality is that it can only automate some design recovery:

'Design recovery recreates design abstractions from a combination of code, existing design documentation (if available), personal experience, and general knowledge about problem and application domains . . . Design recovery must reproduce…

Third, subsystems engineers are more attuned to how their specific product and technology areas are driven by external market forces and market dynamics than system engineers typically are. The reason is that subsystem engineers, both hardware and software, seek to understand how customer and market needs impact their existing and future designs. As both of these classes of subsystem engineers are more focused on how to create valuable contributions to their specific area of expertise, monitoring market and customer trends tends to be a passion for many of them. It is not unusual for example to see an engineering team know more about market trends, research, unmet customer needs and competitors than a marketing department for the same product (Hoberman, 2009). This is precisely why subsystem engineers in high technology companies often end up running product management, product marketing and corporate marketing because they have a better grasp of the…

Sage, who has seen how costly application customization can be, has created a series of template-based charts of accounts, with the last count indicating they had over 70 of Charts of Accounts that could be quickly used by customers to customize for their business. Sage has also seen that inordinate customization of software can lead to a lack of adoption; hence their motivation for creating a library that can easily be used by customers. As Peachtree suffered from an exceptionally bad reputation for usability in its first several product generations on the Microsoft Windows platform (Collins, 2006), Sage is attempting to overcome these limitations through intensive investment in ergonomics and usability. Adding to these efforts include the development of an Online Knowledgebase and Help Center, in addition to the development of AJAX-based microsites that interlink content together. All of these sources of data are in turn integrated via XML to…

"More to the point," another authority advises, "the objective of a PMO is to establish the procedures, processes, and standards that lead to a Center of Excellence -- not so much for itself as for the projects and organization it supports" (Pohlman, 2002, cited in Thorn, 2003, p. 48).
In this regard, Thorn points out that there are three basic approaches that can be used to establish a PMO to help facilitate the integration of Six Sigma or other management techniques with the CMM:

Project epository -- The PMO serves as the primary source of information on project methodology and standards. It assumes, rightly or wrongly, that the organization has established and follows a cohesive set of tools for project design, management, and reporting. Often a first step in establishing the idea of consolidating or sharing management practices, it still falls short, both in direct project oversight and as a…

D. Facilities, Equipment and Improvements

For the proposed venture all that is needed is an office with high speed Internet, meeting rooms and proximity to the primary customer base. Programming, professional services, marketing, sales and service can be run out of a standard office building. The requirements for the data center hosting the Web content monetization suite of applications include security, SLA compliance and uptime guarantees and support for multitenant-based delivery of the application (Lager, 2008). In addition there must be shared risk for SLA performance so the data centers have ownership of their performance to the customer level (Katzan, Dowling, 2010).

E. Capacity Levels and Inventory Management

There is no inventory as the proposed venture is leasing yearly access to a Web content monetization suite of applications. Capacity levels therefore are more determined by the capacity of data from customers, specifically from their enterprise content management, digital asset management…

Improving the CM Suite of Software Applications at SAP
SAP AG (NYSE:SAP) is the worldwide leader in Enterprise esource Planning (EP) and one of the top companies globally in Customer elationship management (CM) software as well. While their dominance in EP is solid, with Gartner, a leading industry research firm reporting that SAP has 25% global market share today, it's global CM market share trails Salesforce.com who is the worldwide leader with 14% market share worldwide (SAP Investor elations, 2013). SAP is second globally with 12.9% market share. There are many factors contributing to SAP trailing Salesforce.com, the most significant being the slow response to the shift to cloud computing platforms in general, and migrating their CM applications onto a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) delivery model. Salesforce is the global leader in CM due to their rapid development of CM applications on the SaaS platform, greater responsiveness to their growing customer base,…

Life: Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed
Boehem and Turner define the first part of their book Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed along the daily life of a traditional software developer, following the course of a spiral project development, designed to reduce potential defects, and then providing Model-Based Software Engineering (MBASE) and the Rational Unified Process as potential alternative models with which developers can use. The potential problems both models can face often recall the depressing Beatles song of the same name, "A Day in the Life." Boehm and Turner essentially use both of their examples to advise potential developers against using a risky, unplanned strategy. This may be based in the author's background in government and academic design sectors, rather than the faster pace of private industry.

hen advising the reader about finding the best balance between agility and discipline, they tend…

Personal StatementWhen I was a child I would wonder about the stars I observed in the night sky. Unlike some children, I was not content to simply regard the stars as beautiful pinpoints of light or to listen to my parents relate myths of how the constellations came to be. I was driven to learn more, to watch scientific programs about the universe, and to start to read about the real reasons stars were visible in the night sky.My mechanical orientation also led me to become a Boy Scout. Although I loved all aspects of scouting, I was especially drawn to the ability to create simple machines, go-carts, and rockets as well as to spend time in the outdoors and learn about the natural environment. I worked hard to be selected for a competitive high school in my area that emphasized math and science. Pursuing a major in mechanical engineering…

Social Engineering as it Applies to Information Systems Security
The research takes into account several aspects that better create an overview of the term and the impact it has on security systems. In this sense, the first part of the analysis reviews the concept of social engineering and the aspects it entails. Secondly, it provides a series of cases that were influenced by social engineering and the effects each had on the wider picture of information security. Thirdly, the research looks at what policies are set in place to avoid this type of practice and how has the information security society responded to the threat posed by social engineering. Finally, possible solutions to the issues social engineering raises are also presented in the context of the increased technological environment in which business is conducted in the world we live in today.

General aspects on social engineering

A non-academic definition of…

Spamming involves receiving deceptive mail like one has won the lottery then engineers ask for information to receive payment so as to gain financially or for social gains. For fake spyware, they claim to have utilities that are anti-spyware but are actually the spyware that can hack into your system. The engineers in this case pretend to be genuine and are out to offer solutions.
Protecting individuals from social engineering

There are various ways to prevent social engineering when one is using the internet. People should update themselves on the new techniques that social engineers are using. People should always contact their banks or any other financial institution using unknown sites or links. A website can never be assumed to be legitimate just by looking at it, it is important to ensure from experts that a website that is being used to give crucial information is a secured website.

It…

Computer system engineers also have the role of identifying risks within the manufacturing industry in which case they serve as proactive troubleshooters, finding out possible problems and making plans on how to solve evade them. Problems are commonly experienced at interfaces, especially internal, thus to carry out this role the computer systems engineers need to closely scrutinize subsystem-to-subsystem interfaces. While these engineers are trying so hard to design subsystems that will work they also have to keep an eye on each subsystem so that it does not interfere with the others. In order to avoid such problems, computer systems engineers need to posses a wide experience, have relevant and useful knowledge of the domain, and have the interest of learning continuously (Sheared 1996).

Due to the broad viewpoint possessed by computer systems engineers there are is a tendency of companies asking them to coordinate groups and help in the resolution…

Computer Maintenance Importance of Hardware and Software for the Computer
Computer hardware refers to the physical entities of a computer like a motherboard, keyboard, mouse, RAM, hard drive etc. These components are designed to perform particular functions that are directed by the software. The hardware components are used to power and control the computer making is usable. Most of the hardware components are mostly hidden meaning that they are not seen and are enclosed within the casing of the computer. Hardware and software are interconnected. Without software hardware of the computer would not have any function. Computer hardware is limited to the specific tasks that are taken independently. Software consists of the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a particular task. Software has the ability to perform numerous tasks as opposed to hardware which only performs mechanical tasks that it is designed for. Software is important because it…

Katunin, A., Dragan, K., & Dziendzikowski, M. (2015). Damage identification in aircraft composite structures a case study using various non-destructive testing techniques. Composite Structures, 127, 1-9.
he research article shows that the application of composite structure has become increasing popular in the aerospace industry based on their unique properties, which include excellent weight ratio, strength, and corrosion resistance. o ascertain a safety of composite elements and structural integrity on aircraft, it is critical to test the structural integrity. hus, the authors test three composite structures developed from plastic, glass fiber reinforced, and hybrid composite along with the core manufactured using the same aluminum fact sheets and materials. he authors perform the test using various techniques that include ultrasonic, PZ sensing, vibration -based in section and thermography to analyze the application of the methods on aircraft elements. he results of the analysis reveal that pulsed thermography and ultrasonic scanning have allowed…

Social Engineering and Information Security
We are in an age of information explosion and one of the most critical problems facing us is the security and proper management of information. Advanced hardware and software solutions are being constantly developed and refined to patch up any technical loopholes that might allow a hacker attack and prevent consequent breach of information security. While this technical warfare continues, hackers are now pursuing other vectors of attack. Social engineering refers to the increasing employment of techniques, both technical and non-technical, that focus on exploiting the cognitive bias in humans as the weakest link in computer security. What is shocking is the fact that in spite of the great vulnerability to human exploitation, there prevails a seemingly careless attitude in this regard in the corporate world. While more and more money is spent on beefing up hardware security and in acquiring expensive software solutions, little…

A burned wall collapses onto a crane which falls and injures Flo, a bystander.
Issue -- on what legal grounds could Flo recover damages from Dan.

Legal Issues -- Clearly, Dan was the actus reus, or specific instrument of an action in which other events flowed. It is not just Flo that can recover damages, but the gas station, the construction company and/or tenant, and the owner of the crane. While Dan did not plan the actions, he was liable for deliberate conduct regarding the events; he was reckless in that he knew (we assume he has passed a valid driver's test) that one should not leave a vehicle running and without an emergency brake.

Discussion -- Negligence is a breach of conduct or a failure to take reasonable care, intention or not. ecklessness means that the person was deliberate and aware of their actions, not necessarily the consequences. eckless…

Career Application and Communications Software
Mobile-based Customer elationship Management (CM) Applications

Of the many software applications that sales professionals rely on daily, their Customer elationship Management (CM) systems are the most essential for informing existing customers of new products and sales, and tracking new ones. Of the many selling and service strategies that CM systems enable, the most valuable is in gaining a 360-degree view of customers and ensuring every department in an organization stays focused on their needs and wants (Beasty, 2007). CM systems provide sales teams with the ability to coordinate their selling efforts across the company, getting needed support and collaboration with the diverse departments and divisions that they rely on to sell products and services. An example of how a typical CM is organized is shown in Figure 1, Microsoft CM System Design. The design of CM systems is predicated on creating a system of record…

Database Software
Comparing Microsoft Access, SQL, IBM DB2 and Oracle databases is presented in this analysis, taking into account the key features of ACID Compliance, Data partitioning, interface options, referential integrity, operating systems supported, and support for transactions and Unicode. Each of these factors is initially defined followed by a table comparing them across the database types.

Definition of Comparison Factors

At their most fundamental level, all databases have support for relational data models and the ability to index data through the use of a wide variety of taxonomies or organizational structures (Basumallick, Wong, 1996). elational Database Management Systems (DBMS) however all have the ability to manage transactions with the greatest efficiency given the design of these systems to support multiple transactions at once, running concurrently from each other. The characteristic of an operating system being able to manage thousands of concurrent transactions at the same time is often referred…

Categories of Software and Their Relationships
Enterprise software -- Used in large-scale businesses, enterprise software is commonplace throughout many of the world's largest companies. This class of software is used for orchestrating complex business processes that require tight integration to ERP, CRM, SCM and pricing systems.

Personal productivity software -- Software including Microsoft Office, Outlook and personal productivity applications. Personal pro0ductivty applications are often used for accessing and analyzing the large-scale databases in enterprise software systems.

Cloud-based software -- Software that resides on servers at diverse, remote locations that are used for managing a wide variety of personal productivity and collaborative tasks. These applications are typically relied on in companies that have diverse working relationships and need to have access to data in nearly real-time.

Explain the relationship of algorithms to software

Algorithms are the foundations of software applications as they orchestrate diverse areas of a program's code that runs…

" (Kotch, 2004) A project management Level 1 would have no clear leader of the project, no clear project objectives, and no clear timetable, or one that "consists mostly of ordering more pizza after midnight," chaotically working overtime without a clear schedule to the detriment of the project and worker morale and sanity. (Kotch, 2004) The level would be characterized by a lack of quality controls and clear managerial standards and objectives, with little supervision and employee 'check ins' in the form of meetings.
Level 2: Defined but inappropriately so Project management at this level would set goals, and have a set schedule, but the goal objectives often create chaos because they were inflexible or unobtainable in the entirety. There may be a clear leader, but there is no clear chain of command beneath the leader. Critically, there is an absence of standard operating procedures for management and ways of…

International Trade
Managing Offshoring Software Projects From U.S.-based Locations

In the article and research cited in An Empirical Investigation of Client Managers esponsibilities on Managing Offshore Outsourcing of Software-Testing Projects (Jain, Poston, Simon, 2011) the dynamics of outsourcing alliances with American companies and Indian service providers' shows signs of becoming more efficient through the use of collaboration technologies and more effective quality management techniques. The cultural, ethical and financial implications of Indian outsourcers becoming more efficient in working with American companies are having a risk reduction effect in the short-term and an acceleration of innovation in the long-term (Zhao, Watanabe, 2010). From a social perspective, Indian outsourcers are finding strategies for attaining a higher level of customer satisfaction level not attainable in previous iterations of their business models (Bairi, Manohar, 2011).

Analysis

The cumulative effect of ethical, cultural and financial factors on the operations of Indian outsourcers throughout the United…

Longitudinal evaluation of a GIS laboratory in a transportation engineering course," Bham, Cernusca, Luna and Manepalli look at the effectiveness of a geographic information system-based tutorial in the teaching of transportation engineering. The authors studied students who were given this form of tutorial in conjunction with other learning techniques. They found that the students who received this tutorial performed better than those who did not. The paper serves to build the body of evidence with respect to GIS as a teaching technique for this subject. The authors sought to show that this technique is effective, and they accomplished that. The study was significantly rigorous to make a reasonable contribution to this field of study.
The article initially introduces the problem. They noted that "previous studies reveal that ... entry-level engineers lack significant exposure to transportation engineering methodologies" despite having hourly requirements for study in transportation-related courses in civil engineering programs…

PINCE2 vs. DSDM compares and contrasts the two methodologies used in the development of projects. This paper explicitly defines each methodology and outlines its general characteristics and important features. It also explains all the phases involved within each methodology. In the end, the writer's perspective and viewpoint about each approach is given and a conclusion is reached which specifies whether PINCE2 or DSDM is a suitable solution for the development of projects.
PINCE2 Vs. DSDM

Today's business world requires that products along with their provided services be marketed in the shortest possible time span. Nowadays, projects are often inaugurated on a collective basis and institute without having an enumerated understanding of the requirements. There is no doubt that in this fast paced environment, Dynamic System Development Method or DSDM is considered to be the best available publicly practiced method of the apid Application Development or AD model and is exhibiting…

Explosive impacts of computer and information technology on business and individuals have generated a need to design and develop new computer and software system to incorporate a rapid growing range of computer applications. Software engineers apply the software engineering principles and techniques to design, evaluate, test and implement software systems to enable computer to perform different applications. Software engineers use systematic and quantified approach to design, evaluate, implement software and provide maintenance for software. In other word, software engineering systems use sound engineering principles to design economical and reliable software for business and individual uses. Typically, software engineering principles are used for the development of software application, which include network distribution, and operating system.
Pimentel, et al. (2009) argue the growing integration of application development into web development has made software engineers to apply the principles of document engineering to assist in enhancing the software specifications. Document engineering is an…

Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
Can Gain the Strategic Benefits of EP

Agility, time-to-market and insights into market dynamics are a few of the many benefits of standardizing the operations of an organization on an Enterprise esource Planning (EP) system. Up until about a decade ago, the economics of enterprise software relegated these systems to larger, more diverse and well-capitalized enterprises, with the majority of EP systems being installed and customized in Fortune 1,000 corporations (Velcu, 2010). These EP implementations began to be pervasively supported by Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) during the later 1990s and continue throughout today. As SOA architectures have permeated organizations, the lessons learned from a business process re-engineering (BP), distributed order management and software engineering gains have contributed to the success of Cloud computing in general and Software-as-a-Service specifically (Moore, 2002). In addition, Open Source Software (OSS), Cloud- and SaaS-based EP systems (Passion for esearch, 2012b)…

Joint Application Design
Describe how joint application design (JAD) might be considered a better information-gathering technique than the traditional method of requirements gathering? What are its shortcomings?

The Joint Application Design (JAD) methodology could potentially be considered a better information gathering methodology compared to more traditional information gathering approaches given its highly structured approach to capturing and validating data. The highly methodical nature of the application design technique that concentrates on identifying critical success factors, project deliverables, scheduling workshop activities, and organizing workshops are all based on information and knowledge transfer (Davidson, 1999). The potential of the JAD technique to increase the level of participation on the part of project participants while also reducing the time and costs associated with the actual research process (Jackson, Embley, 1996). The JAD technique has also shown significant value in bringing experts in specific areas together and gaining useful insights as a result (Davidson,…

establishing product vision and product scope? Are there repeated patterns of behavior that cause these barriers?
One of the barriers to creating a coherent product vision and product scope is the perceived limit of time in the corporate lifecycle. By generating and implementing new product ideas faster than its competition, a firm is likely to increase its current market share or even establish a new market. "The question, then, is not whether a company should innovate, but how to reduce innovation cycle time." (Lukas, 39) However, a project manager cannot set unrealistic time goals. The solution is to have a project plan already in place to reduce the time devoted to planning, that is part of the institutional framework, a plan that includes a project vision generating process, as well as helps define every project's scope.

One of the reasons some projects become unwieldy is that they are begun with…

This system has the ease of being used in any lighthouse irrespective of its current lighting and power systems. Due to this, Vega is the sole company in the world having such advanced technological and optical competencies. Through the system, all the beacons installed can be monitored from a central location, thereby reducing the quantity of false call outs and identifying faults which require manual attention.
Considering the Total Cost of Ownership -- TCO Vega's product offer a low TCO as their IT products recover the average cost of $30,000 for installation since it reduces the $1,250 per hour helicopter-assisted maintenance. The computer-managed systems have to be fail-proof as any type of false call could cost up to $3,500. This system manufactured by Vega uses the interactive technology capable of permitting technicians to switch lights on or off from a remote location. Vega enjoys economies of scale as it has…

Configuration Management
Design Methodology for producing Modularity

Aspects of modular product design:

Attribute integrity

Process integrity

Process stability

Details oriented

Scope, procedures, goals, and objectives

Simple configuration control

Minimum requirement for labor

Precise and absolute descriptions of changes in question

Cooperative and responsive customers'

Effective coordination among project team members

111.2 CONFIGUATION Management TEMS AND DEFINITIONS

Software Configuration Management

Configuration Item

Engineering Change equest

121.3 OLES & ESPONSIBILITIES

Configuration Control Board

Parallels between the data and functional design of the plan

Advantages of modularity

142. CONSIDEATIONS

ELATIONSHIP TO SYSTEMS ENGINEEING

142.2 ELATIONSHIP TO POGAM Management

142.3 ELATIONSHIP TO SOFTWAE ENGINEEING

163. CONFIGUATION Management (CM)

173.1 CM POCESS

Process Overview

183.2 CM PLANNING AND Management

183.4 CONFIGUATION CHANGE Management

193.5 CONFIGUATION STATUS ACCOUNTING

213.6 CONFIGUATION VEIFICATION AND AUDIT

Conclusion

234. APPENDIX A EFEENCES

255. APPENDIX B. SAMPLE CM PLAN

Acronyms Used

CM -- Configuration Management

SOA - Service Oriented Architecture

CCBs…

HIT Projects and Decision Makers
Describe an example of a HIT project implemented at your organization and analyze how that project was identified and moved forward.

One of the most commonly used health information technology (HIT) systems currently in use throughout America's medical industry is the SigmaCare electronic medical records (EM) system. After being implemented within my organization over three years ago, the SigmaCare EM system provided immediate enhancements to the hospital's overall ability to process patients efficiently while producing positive patient outcomes. Administrative and operational tasks were expedited through the use of SigmaCare's proprietary esident Data Exchange (DX) software, which allows for the creation of real-time links between hospital departments to eliminate redundant data entries. The process of implementing SigmaCare's EM system throughout the hospital was orderly and organized, guided by the collaborative efforts of administrators and mangers utilizing the SigmaCare Orientation eadiness Engagement (SCOE) program, which equips hospitals…

Mandatory Procedures for Major Defense Acquisition Programs (MDAPS) and Major Automated Information System (MAIS) Acquisition Programs
Overview of DOD 5000.2-R

DOD Regulation 5000.2-R of 1996 specifies "Mandatory Procedures for Major Defense Acquisition Programs (MDAPS) and Major Automated Information Systems (MAIS)"

Its stated purpose is "to establish a simplified and flexible management framework for translating mission needs into stable, affordable, and well-managed programs" (DOD 5000.2-R). The regulation is organized into six parts with six appendices and contains thousands of specific requirements pertaining to acquisition programs. In contrast to DOD 5000.2-R, which defines an overarching DOD acquisition management process and mandatory procedures, the FAR regulates acquisition planning and contracting.

Analysis of DOD 500.2-R in Relation to Systems Engineering

Mandatory procedures for acquiring major systems are prescribed in DOD 5000.2-R

. These requirements will influence choices in acquisition planning for product lines. Despite the comprehensive size of DOD 5000.2-R, there are only a…

Generally, the classification of model transformation tools is based on whether it is declarative or operational, directionality or multiplicity.

The study further discusses the sub-categories of model transformation that include:

hybrid transformation tools, graph transformation, relational, template based, operational based, structure driven and direct manipulation.

All the sub-categories of model transformation have the following features:

Hybrid transformation combines two or more transformation approaches;

Graph transformation focuses on graph rewriting over variation and extensions of labeled graphs.

Relational approach uses declarative approach-based mathematical relations; template approach uses model template specifications.

ATL Transformation Tool

The project reveals that ATL is one of the effective transformation tools used to semantic or syntactic translation and it is built on transformation Virtual Machine model. The ATL was developed from the ATLAS framework, which enabled the specification of one or more target models. The project further reveals that ATL is hybrid language providing the mix of…

Program Management
Projects Compared - Belbin analysis

In order to find a way through which the success of teams could be predicted Dr. Meredith Belbin, a management psychologists, worked in collaboration with Henley Management College in the early 1970s. Business simulations were used in running some experiments for the research by Dr. Meredith Belbin. Participants were divided according to different psychological types such as if they are introvert or extrovert etc. It was his hope to find a team mix that is perfect. In 5 years' times he was able to establish the fact that in particular types of projects specific clusters or patterns can be made use of in order to predict the success of a team (Bennett, 2001). There is often a preference found in the minds of the individuals regarding these clusters. It was also established by him that it can never happen that one team can…

The following diagram represents the structure of the idea.
Figure 2. Project flow pursuant to Plan Abu Dhabi 2030: Urban Structure Framework Plan

Objectives of the Study

The overarching objective of this study is to build a solid portfolio management application that connects all the local governments of Abu Dhabi emirates in ways that will allow them to collaborate on various projects pursuant to Plan Abu Dhabi 2030 through one unified system from their offices without wasting time on face-to-face meetings, as well as introducing the potential for the leaking of information through channels that provide the opportunity for unauthorized access. This objective also include the need to develop a solid it security infrastructure by building strategies, recruiting qualified staff, implementing the latest technologies and best practices as identified in the research.

The study was guided by the following specific objectives:

1. Achieve cost effectiveness once the portfolio management software…

Smith provided the appropriate managerial direction which struck the right balance between creativity, performance and productivity. His farsightedness which encompassed a wide vision was long-term, ambitious and the same time entirely practical and feasible. (Section 7: Leadership and Management, p. 243)
Having earlier steered a floundering company towards a successful path, Smith's work was uphill. He had to drastically change the organizational culture and structure while reducing conflict within the very talented set of employees and provide them with a collective direction. He was also expected to reduce the atmosphere of uncertainty prevailing in the organization and use the "countercultures" of the earlier two companies to foster innovation and creativity and thus get a competitive advantage for the new organization. (Section 2: Organizations & Culture, p. 64)

d. Organizational goals, vision, mission, objectives and values

Organizational mission defines the very reason for its existence. It basically refers to a general…

..] is used to create forms for data input and display. (the) links to office applications (are represented by) a spreadsheet for the analysis and manipulation of numeric information or a word processor for report template creation. (the) report generator is used to define and create reports from information in the database."
The number of studies which actually reveal implications of AD usage within online commercial operations is quite limited. However, when presented with the available materials, the reader can form several opinions relative to the feature. For instance, since the development cycles are reduced, the final product (or at least a working version of the final product) will be quickly presented to the user. This will consequently increase his satisfaction. Consider the basic example where a software company is contracted to develop and maintain a website for Wal-Mart. The contractor desires that the website presented their customers with all…

Here, we can observe several of the greatest benefits of assistive technology in special education. Such is to say that many linguistic, mathematic or otherwise basic educational programs may be designed to help facilitate the special needs learner through audio assistance, special contextualization and personal customization.
Additionally, the learning disabled individual, by virtue of his interaction with the educational properties offered by an effective software program, will achieve a level of learning autonomy not otherwise afforded to him in the traditional inclusion classroom setting. This is something of an alleviation of learning obstacles for primary educational advocates as well as a boost to the student's potential for autonomy at any level, let alone in mathematics. Assistive technology software programs may also have the added benefit of helping to improve hand-eye coordination, with the use of a mixed-media approach combining physical interaction with knowledge retention and helping the learner make new…

There are many more different quantitative and qualitative metrics that have been engineered to assess and reduce security risk. Structured as quantitative or qualitative -- meaning that some are structured according to empirical, mathematical rules (quantitative; usually from disciplines such as finance), whilst others are structured in an experiential manner derived from interviews, observation, and so forth (qualitative) -- each has its benefits and disadvantages.
Uses of security metrics and how organizations benefit from them

The benefits of security metrics fall into three broad classes:

1. Strategic support -- Security metrics help tighten the security of different kinds of organizational decision-making such as planning programs, product and service selection, and resource allocation.

2. Quality assurance - Security metrics are used during the software development lifecycle in order to prevent and screen out vulnerabilities, particularly during the code production. They do this by executing functions such as measuring the system's adherence…

, Minoves, Garrigos, 2011). UNIX and Linux are considered the best possible operating system for managing the development of unified collaboration and workflow-based applications as a result (West, Dedrick, 2006).
For all the advantages of UNIX and Linux, the disadvantages include a development and administrator environment that is archaic and command-driven, lacking much of the usability enhancements that Apple and Microsoft both have invested heavily in. The UNIX and Linux user command lines are more adept at managing the specific features and commands at the operating system level, and often must be coordinated in a shells script to accomplish complex tasks. This has led to many utilities and add-on applications being created, which tends to confuse the novice just getting started on the UNIX and Linux operating systems. The learning curve for UNIX and Linux from a user standpoint is quite high and takes months to master at the system…

Stage 1 or Understanding the Problem

The UP recommends using business use cases for locating purposes which have two qualities:(1) easy to understand and (2) easy for the client to use. The UP does not clarify how these "use cases" should be analyzed to determine what is in the NIMSAD purview. To identify sections of the business that need to be examined, ETHICS uses a stakeholder method that demonstrates all parties interacting with the system. ETHICS harbors a more "macro-view" in comprehending project priorities.

Step 2: Diagnostic Evaluations

The UP does not attempt to challenge any requirements which devolve from the client. There is no way to accurately analyze whether total autonomy of the system would provide any productive cost-benefit analysis for the overall organization. ETHICS advises that analysis should be conducted on the current situation to prevent the analyst from developing "tunnel vision" and focusing on the first solution…

This research proposal looks to determine how the selection of a given cloud platform impacts user intention, satisfaction and long-term adoption.
In order to evaluate the contributions of each of these platforms, each is briefly reviewed within the context of this literature review. First, the most commonly used one in start-up cloud database service providers, Amazon Web Services (AWS), is analyzed. AWS is comprised of the following components: Amazon DynamoDB and SimpleDB Services, Amazon Elastic Cloud Service (EC2), Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS), Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), Amazon elational Database Service (DS) and Amazon SQS. Amazon has also developed a cloud-based content sharing service that capitalizes on the depth of database expertise and support in this platform. Called Amazon CloudFront, this specific Web Service is designed to allow for Amazon ElastiCache configuration and use of a secured Cloud DNS service called oute 53. All of these technologies are combined…

intext citations. Thanks First, there are several software development techniques that can be used in the development process. The waterfall approach proposes a sequence of phase whereby one phase is determined by the completion of the previous phase (CMS, 2008). This would mean, for example, that the design phase needs to be completed before the actual development phase begins, which needs to be completed before the testing phase starts. Certainly, there are occasional overlaps, but the project evolves over a strict period of time, following a strict schedule, with pre-determined deliveries at certain moments.
Another alternative is the rapid application development (RAD). As the name shows, this technique aims to provide the best and fastest development solution, where the emphasis is not necessarily on developing the highest quality software, but rather a functional software, in exchange for higher efficiencies and for being able to deliver at a lower price.

A…

UMUC Haircuts Stage
Process Models -- Technology Solution

Strategy for Competitive Advantage: Increase customer loyalty and customer base (from advertising and foot traffic) through marketing and the assessment of the shop location and potential marketing partners.

Business Process to Improve: Employee scheduling.

Business Process Explanation

Current business process. Scheduling employees is one of the most time consuming tasks facing Myra, the owner of UMUC Haircuts. The current employee scheduling process is conducted entirely by hand. When Myra hires a new employee, she asks them to identify their availability according to three categories: 1) Best and most consistently free days and times; 2) generally free days and times; and 3) days and times reserved for personal needs. Myra makes every effort to work with her employees to optimally schedule according to their personal needs, which include time to attend classes, work a second job, and care for their children or elderly…

Database Administrator
hat It Takes To Be A Database Administrator

A database can be defined as an organized collection of data, most probably in digitized form. Data is organized within such databases primarily in such a way that it displays and supports the processing of the relevant aspects of the information as it is required by those who use the database. Databases are usually software management systems that are quite complex. The complexity is embedded in these databases to ensure the presence of security, and is also inherent due to the nature or quality of the information they carry, i.e., large amount of important data. [1: Microsoft. "Database Basics." Microsoft Office. March 2012 .]

Nowadays, the utilization of databases is so widespread amongst every sector of the business, that almost every other product, whether small or large, and technology, whether existing or latest, is dependent upon the usage of databases…

In addition, The potential for IPv6 to significantly reduce the overall costs of supporting an enterprise-wide network are also very clear as well.
ATM portals and technologies are ideal for creating a unified computing and networking platform corporate-wide, especially if a company has operations in several countries, and across continents. The speed and bandwidth considerations of running a global enterprise are also accentuated by this technology, as is a drastic reduction in Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for a given network topology that must scale to be global. In addition, ATM could be used for unifying diverse legacy systems into a single, cohesive network architecture that capitalizes on the many information assets a company has (Dunne, Klementowski, 1982). In addition, these networks also make it possible to create entirely new approaches to solving very complex problems in enterprise, including the ability to collaborate and produce new product designs in real-time…

SRS and code systems
Criticisms from one's respected peers can often hurt more than criticisms from laypeople or new users of a software system. One assumes that one's fellow professionals can make a more reasoned, if not necessarily more objective critique. However, personal differences can enter the fray of even the most objective peer review and thus affect the constructive nature of the criticism.

To ensure objectivity, it is important that individuals address their differences with particular elements in relation to the system being reviewed, not to the person. For instance, don't say, 'you didn't do a good job on this,' speak about the system or code under critique. Specifics are key, rather than saying, 'I don't think that works,' say what the potential problems arise when the system is used and try to give a constructive, concrete solution how one could possibly reform it and make it better. "However…

Theory Z Management Style on IT Project Completion
Incomplete projects in the IT industry are responsible for significant losses in time, money and creative energy (Boehne, 2000; Mokhtari, et al., 2010). This is very often a result of inadequate project management (Glaser, 2005; Humphrey, 2005; Kimball, 2000). One well-accepted approach to project management that has received considerable attention in the scholarly literature is the contingency management concept known as "theory Z," devised by William Ouchi in 1981.

Theory Z is a management philosophy based on goal setting and achievement. It utilizes a structural motivational strategy based on employee participation combined with an authoritative process of motivation to achieve specific objectives. It was developed as a means of integrating Japanese management philosophies into Western managerial strategies (England, 1983). Essentially, theory Z posits that the structure of the decision making hierarchy must be in alignment with the level of employee participation. Thus…

Weighting Factors
A variety of techniques are used to assign weights to evaluation criteria (Santiago, Lewis, Morris, Oberndorf and Harper, 2004). One of the most common is unstructured weighting where one or more people determine weights based on their understanding of the system requirements and their experience. However, more collaborative and comparative techniques are likely to yield better results.

The Delphi technique helps teams collaborate to reach a consensus on a single weight by following a series of cycles. Initially, a questionnaire is given to several people to obtain their informed opinions on the subject. Next, replies are tabulated and the questionnaire is distributed again, this time with all the opinions included in the questionnaire. People read each other's opinions and answer the questions again. This process might be repeated for three or four cycles. As information is exchanged, people incorporate each others perspectives and information into their thinking and…