Journalists often become instant experts in whatever they are reporting on, and people learn to trust them as such. A news agency recognizes the value of having these "experts" on their television news broadcast, and uses them to lend credence to the infallibility of their reporting and to justify their decisions in what is regarded as "newsworthy" and what is not.
The alchemy that occurs between these different criteria in deciding what is "newsworthy" and what is not is a fragile process at best. The most successful television news outlets are able to capture all of these elements successfully to create an emotional bond with the viewer on many different levels. Ultimately, the most successful news outlets are in business because they sell ads to a large audience. They could not stay in business without this. Unfortunately, for the viewer, the type of news story that is selected to appear…...

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Bibliography

McGregor, Judy. 2002. "Restating News Values: Contemporary Criteria for Selecting the News," Self-Published Thesis, Massey University.

Milgrom, Paul R. 1981. "Good News and Bad News: Representation Theorems and Applications" the Bell Journal of Economics, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Autumn, 1981), pp. 380-391.

Schudson, Michael. 1989. "The Sociology of News Production." Media Culture and Society, Vol. 11, pp. 263-282.

Distorted Crime Coverage on Television News
Violent, exploitative and gruesome crimes are more often depicted within the news media than not, in a blatant attempt to raise fear and interest within the American viewing public. Media moguls typically present fantastical images of horror stories to engage viewers, while ignoring other equally important news stories, leading the American public with a sensationalist and skewed view of crime within the States. Crime as represented on television is often distorted by broadcast agents in an attempt to engage viewers. Unfortunately this distortion often permeates the homes of traditional Americans and raises fears that are invalid and harmful. These ideas are explored in greater detail below.

enjamin Radford defines media moguls as "mythmakers" and claims that they present a "news bias" by playing on the fears and emotions of consumers and television viewers. Indeed, news bias is created in favor of distorted crime within the majority…...

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Bibliography

Glassner, Barry. "Why Americans Are Afraid of the Wrong Things." Basic Books.

Radford, Benjamin. "Media Mythmakers." Prometheus Books, 2003.

Radford, Benjamin & Bartholomew, Robert. "Hoaxes, Myths and Manias." Prometheus Books: 2003

TV news channels and online media for breaking the latest and hottest news first and taking the credit of being more alert and efficient. This paper compares the news delivered by different news channel websites regarding an important incident of this year "Killing of Osama Bin Laden" which took place on 1st May 2011 in Pakistan. Following paragraphs will compare how different news channel websites portrayed this story:
CNN World

CNN declared Osama's killing news by calling Osama the "most prominent face of terror in America" was killed as said by the U.S. officials and they confirm to have his dead body.

The later part of the new article explains bin Laden's story; from his birth in Saudi Arabia to his leading of Al-Qaeda, which is a terrorist network behind the September 11, 2001 attacks. The news also states the destruction that was caused by the four hijacked planes and the number…...

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References

Al-Jazeera Staff. (2011). Osama bin Laden killed in Pakistan. Al- Jazeera News.   Retrieved Dec 18, 2011.http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2011/05/2011522132275789.html .

Baker, P., Cooer, H., Mazzetti, M. (2011). Bin Ladin Is Dead, Osama Says. The New York Times.   Retrieved Dec 18, 2011.http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/02/world/asia/osama-bin-laden-is-killed.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all 

CNN Staff Wire. (2011). Osama bin Laden, the face of terror, killed in Pakistan, CNN World. Retrieved Dec 18, 2011.http://articles.cnn.com/2011-05-01/world/bin.laden.obit_1_bin-terrorist-network-uss-cole?_s=PM:WORLD,

Dawn Staff. (2011). Osama bin Laden killed in Pakistan, says Obama. Dawn News.   Retrieved Dec 18, 2011.http://www.dawn.com/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-killed-in-pakistan-says-obama.html .

Fear, News, And Crime
Fear, TV News, and the eality of Crime

In 1998, the New York Times magazine ran a cover story entitled "Does Local TV Have To Be So Bad?," and asked the rhetorical question of whether local television coverage of crime influences the attitudes and beliefs of viewers. Ted Chiricos, and his research associates, undertook a scientific research project to investigate whether or not the coverage of crime broadcast by local news channels really influences people's attitudes and beliefs toward crime. Their data suggests that there are a number of influences involved in people's fear of crime, and that a variety social factors are directly involved.

Ted Chiricos, and his associates, investigated the affect of watching news coverage, both local and national, as well as the personal experiences of hundreds of viewers in order to determine if there was a relationship between peoples' fear of crime, the crime rate in…...

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References

Chiricos, Ted, Kathy Padgett, and Marc Gertz. (1999). "Fear, TV News, and the Reality of Crime." Criminology 38(3): 755-785.

Retrieved from  http://heinonline.org

(Fishman & Cavender, 1998) To some degree this, as well as the fictional license many "reality" and "reality based" programs take with technology applications put a great deal of pressure on real law enforcement and force public scrutiny that many find unwelcome. (Arcuril, 1977)
The challenge is then placed squarely on law enforcement as well as their support systems, like crime scene investigators (usually for legal reasons a completely separate entity), to resolve crime in hours rather than days, months or years. Most people who have been victims of crime are fundamentally aware that these images are functionally unrealistic, and yet they and others are still building a case, through viewership for the value and continued desire for such programming. The visual imagery, possible through technology has also challenged the public to learn to stomach, and even covet more and more Technicolor representations of "reality." Where Perry Mason utilized static…...

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Resources

Arcuril, A.F. (1977). You Can't Take Fingerprints Off Water: Police Officers' Views Toward "Cop" Television Shows. Human Relations, 30 (3), 237-247.

Fishman, M., & Cavender, G. (1998). Mark Fishman, Gray Cavender. New York, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.

Surette, R., & Otto, C. (2002). Journal of Criminal Justice, 30 (5), 443-453.

Cable television also opened up the medium to numerous types of television programming that had previously been excluded, simply because it could never have competed with the demand for mainstream types of programs during the same time slot.

Initially, cable television was only available in the largest markets like New York and Los Angeles and it was priced out of the range of most consumers. The technology also required a cable connecting the television to the channel box, which often was the size of small dinner platter. Within a few years, the technology advanced to the point of providing microwave remote controls that were no larger than those already included with many television sets.

The addition of virtually unlimited available channels resulted in the creation of dozens of specialty-interest program content such as cable television channels dedicated exclusively to history, science, nature, sports, politics, and comedy, to name just several.

In no small…...

Attitudes and practices varied by age of the child and the gender of the parent.
Colorito, Rita. (2002) "Violence on elevision News Programs is a Serious Problem." Is Media Violence a Problem? Ed James orr San Diego: Greenhaven, 2002. 24- 30.

Colorito says that even though rates of crime decreased in the 1990s, television news coverage of violent crime increased. V news shows like 20/20 and Dateline frequently show stories on horrible crimes, sometimes with bloody crime scenes and re-enactments of the crime. his makes people think that there is more violent crime than there really is.

Felson, Richard. "Mass Media Effects on Violent Behavior." Annual Review of Sociology 22. 1996. [Electronic Version]

he topic of violence in the media has been continually debated over the past several decades. here are a lot of empirical studies that show the effects of V on aggression. However, no review looked at the criminal aggression. he…...

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The topic of violence in the media has been continually debated over the past several decades. There are a lot of empirical studies that show the effects of TV on aggression. However, no review looked at the criminal aggression. The author concluded that even though the possibility of TV and film violence can lead to violent crime remains, most of the studies show that viewing violence does not cause crime.

Kirsh, Steven. Children, Adolescents, and Media Violence. A Crtical Look at the Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2006

This book gives a very good overview of variety of studies about media violence and children and adolesence. The book includes information on what is aggression and different theories about aggression and human behavior. Kirsh wants readers to be critical of the studies they read and make sure they are scientific. Although he does not believe that violence in the media is harmful based on the studies, he does say that it should not be ignored. He concludes by saying that there should be more positive media for younger children when they will be effected most.

Children Television
Much has been said about the violence on television and its potentially harmful effects on children. Everything from cartoons to toy commercials depicts violence in some form, and it is understandable that parents may be frightened. However, television can be a valuable tool for children's social and academic education. Programs like Sesame Street have for years taught young children the basics of reading and math in a multicultural framework. Educational children's programming abounds, and each show has something unique to offer. By watching these shows, children are encouraged to be creative. Educational programming also includes shows on stations like the Discovery Channel and the History Network. Many of these shows can be watched by both adults and children and can therefore stimulate dialog within the home. Even entertainment television such as sitcoms can help children make sense of their world. An early exposure to popular culture can be highly…...

News stations have strict rules regarding the ethics of monetary compensation for stories (i.e. It isn't allowed), however, and this is likely an effort to bolster local sales by highlighting certain local businesses. This also provides a way for Denver news organizations to remain connected -- and appear connected -- to the community. internet advertising has found a fairly steady pattern, and the television stations that have news websites have employed the same types of banners, though often in more muted tones, that are found on most commercial websites.

What is the projected growth of the news broadcasting industry in the next 3-4 years in Denver?

Unfortunately, growth foes not seem very likely in the area of television news broadcasting in the Denver area for some time. Even assuming that the economic troubles end within the next year, the broadcast industry in the Denver area is largely saturated. Though there is certainly…...

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References

"Denver Colorado Local News Media." Accessed 30 June 2009.  http://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/us/6/402 

"Denver Population Growth Statistics." Accessed 30 June 2009.  http://www.clrsearch.com/RSS/Demographics/CO/Denver/Population_And_Growth 

Rocky Mountain Media Watch. Accessed 30 June 2009. www.bigmedia.org

The range of television programs that I watch includes HBO dramas like "Six Feet Under," animated comedies like "The Simpsons" and "South Park," and occasionally the news and "The Daily Show." I also enjoy watching professional sports on TV too. The shows I watch occasionally relate to my daily life but usually they do not. For example, "Six Feet Under" portrays relationships and family more realistically than any other show I know but for the most part the shows I watch, including "The Simpsons" are exaggerated, which is why they are funny. I enjoy shows that make me laugh, but some dramas like "CSI" are occasionally fun to watch, even if they have no bearing on my every day life. In generally I like shows that entertain me for whatever reason, whether they make me laugh or whether they simply distract me for an hour or two....

New Tech
Structural brain imaging has revolutionized the fields of neuroscience and medicine. The American neurosurgeon Walter Dandy first introduced ventriculography and later developed pneumoencephalography, early imaging methods in the early 1900s; however, both procedures carried significant risks and could be quite painful. The technique of cerebral angiography was introduced in the late 1920's by neurologist Egas Moniz and this technique became refined and is still an important tool that is used in neurosurgery (White, Bell, & Mellick, 1973). Further advancements such as computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MI), and positron emission tomography (PET) have led to researchers and physicians being able to visualize the brain and other areas of the body in order for diagnostic, treatment, and research purposes. The advancements in neuro-imaging have led to many remarkable discoveries.

One of the truly new cutting edge technologies in brain imaging may allow researchers to actually watch a person's dreams or…...

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References

Nishimoto, S., Vu, A.T., Naselaris, T., Benjamini, Y., Yu, B., & Gallant, J.L.

(2011). Reconstructing visual experiences from brain activity evoked by natural movies. Current Biology, 21, 1641 -- 1646.

White, Y.S., Bell, D.S., & Mellick, R. (1973). Sequelae to pneumoencephalography. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 36, (1), 146 -- 151.

In addition, protests against the war were readily televised at that time and protesters became more aware of the benefits of televised protest.[footnoteRef:4] the efforts of black anti-segregationists also benefits from televised coverage and became more conversant with valuable uses of the medium.[footnoteRef:5] in addition, popular culture became more open to black citizens: a "black sitcom" called "The Jeffersons" debuted in 1975 and revolved around the lives of a prosperous, cantankerous wealthy black man, his family and an interracial couple.[footnoteRef:6] in addition, in 1977, the 7-part mini-series "Roots" -- a story of numerous generations in of a black family stretching from capture/slavery to freedom in America -- aired with approximately 130 million Americans -- more than half the U.S. population of that time, watching at least part of the series and approximately 100 million viewers watching the final episode.[footnoteRef:7] There was also increased "agitation" for women's rights, which was…...

New Jim Crow
Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness offers a scathing and disturbing portrait of institutionalized racism in the United States. In an article written for the Huffington Post that supplements her book, Alexander states plainly: "There are more African-Americans under correctional control today -- in prison or jail, on probation or parole -- than were enslaved in 1850, a decade before the Civil ar began." Beginning with this central fact, Alexander discusses the use of incarceration as a new form of slavery and segregation. African-Americans have been systematically excluded from access to social and cultural capital, excluded from access to economic and political empowerment. The election of Barak Obama has not changed much for the majority of African-Americans who contend with institutionalized racism and systematic poverty and disenfranchisement. "As of 2004, more African-American men were disenfranchised (due to felon disenfranchisement laws) than…...

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Works Cited

Alexander, Michelle. "The New Jim Crow." Huffington Post. Feb 8, 2010. Retrieved online:  http://thenewpress.com/index.php?option=com_title&task=view_title&metaproductid=1617 

Alexander, Michelle. The New Jim Crow. The New Press, 2010.

The Justice Policy Institute. "Race and Imprisonment in Texas." Retrieved online:  http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=texas%20incarceration%20rates%20black&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCUQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.justicepolicy.org%2Fimages%2Fupload%2F05-02_REP_TXRaceImprisonment_AC-RD.pdf&ei=0gHZTvq0Aabh0QG7_tzlDg&usg=AFQjCNEC-QjktNxEsvOrDq4CSAc7V6F7xA&cad=rja 

"The New Jim Crow." The New Press. Retrieved online:

Television Shows
Since the 1950s, television has become an increasingly vital part of life, providing both an escape from the pressures of everyday life as well as offering social commentary. Television shows that center on family life have historically been among some of the highest-rated shows. One of the reasons why these shows are among the most popular are that they reflect the realities of actual families and family problems yet do so in a unique and refreshing way. In order to understand the role of television in explaining family structures, it is necessary to compare television shows from the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s with contemporary television shows.

TELEVISION SHOWS COMPARED

There are numerous similarities and differences between television shows of the 1950s, 1970s, and 1980s that center on family life and television shows depicting contemporary families and family forms. In general, television shows have adapted to reflect changing family structures, typical…...

That relieves all the pent-up anxiety of a Trump wannabe. Therefore, such a viewer remains content with his or her current life, acquiescing to (and as a result reinforcing) current hegemonic power structures (i.e., the real power of big corporations, and corporate players like Trump, over all the rest of us)).
"The Apprentice" is especially successful at pro-hegemonic reinforcement, moreover, since it focuses on a subject we all (except for those born independently wealthy, or winners of huge lotteries) recognize and experience day-to-day: work. Hegemonic power of corporate workplaces, and, by association, a national government that allows, and encourages, corporate uses and abuses of power, are validated by "The Apprentice's" implicit suggestion that a high-powered corporate career, the higher paid and more prestigious the better [the stuff that makes the Ken Lays of the world tick], is exciting, fun, glamorous, where the winners are, and something to aspire to, rather…...

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Works Cited

"Dinsdag." November 30, 2004. Swerve Left. Retrieved May 11, 2005, from:

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"Inkwell." Independent Women's Forum. Retrieved May 11, 2005, from: