However, the trenches were often muddy and filled with water, and they were no match for the newly designed tanks that became a standard part of warfare.

This was a very different war than the world had been used to. There were many more inventions, such as airplanes, tanks, and new types of explosives and weapons helped turn both sides into very efficient killing machines, and hundreds of thousands of lives were lost before the war was over. Industrialization also meant that the men fighting could be transported quickly and efficiently from area to area, and they could receive continual supplies, as well. Another historian writes, "A century of industrialization meant that the Germans, French and British could each keep millions of men under arms on the Western Front - clothed, fed and free from lethal epidemic diseases, day and night, all the year round without respite" (Badsey). Thus, World…

References

Badsey, Stephen. "The Western Front and the Birth of Total War." BBC.uk. 3 March 2003. 12 Jan. 2008.  http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/total_war_01.shtml 

Bourne, J.M. Who's Who in World War One. London: Routledge, 2001.

Sheffield, Gary. "The Origins of World War One." BBC.uk. 3 March 2003. 12 Jan. 2008.  http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/origins_01.shtml

War Without Victory

Nominally, the United States achieved victory in the first Gulf War. However, the decades of fighting in the Middle East, punctuated by the second Gulf War demonstrate that the United States was not victorious in that war. However, equally clear is the fact that Iraq was not victorious. This paper examines the politics behind the Gulf War including deterrence, diplomacy, power struggles, and military and political implications to come to the conclusion that there was no victor in the Gulf War.

In August of 1990, Saddam Hussein, the leader of Iraq, ordered an invasion of Kuwait (A&E, 2013). This action alarmed other countries in the area, and these countries asked for intervention from other countries and from the United Nations. The United Nations Security Council responded by ordering Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait. The United States, working with and through the United Nations, attempted to use deterrence…

Reference

A&E Television Networks. (2013). Persian Gulf War. Retrieved May 5, 2013 from History.com website:  http://www.history.com/topics/persian-gulf-war 

Morgan, P. (2012). The state of deterrence in international politics today. Retrieved May 5,

2013 from Contemporary Security Policy website:  http://www.contemporarysecuritypolicy.org/assets/CSP-33-1%20Morgan.pdf 

PBS. (2010). The Persian Gulf War. Retrieved May 5, 2013 from American Experience

However, in the end, they were unable to stop the war despite their best efforts. The war happened anyway, in spite of the best intentions and actions to prevent it. T he actions of the various governments were reactions to events that they had tried their best to prevent. They did not make a full-blown effort to convince their people of the need for war, until the war had already begun. Had the war been intentional on the part of Germany or any other entity, there would have been plans in place to gain the support of the people long before August 1, 1914.

Only Germany had such a plan in place. However, this does not mean that they started the war intentionally. It might mean that they saw it coming and wanted to be prepared. In the end, only the players know what their motives were on any particular…

Works Cited

Primary Sources

The Treaty of Versailles (1919), esp. Article 231,  http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/versailles.html 

Memorandum of Prince Karl Max Lichnowsky (1914)

Secondary Sources

Despite all the graphic, inventive detailed descriptions of the physical suffering and the mental anguish Turner has endured, in the end, it is the cliche, metaphoric image of a breaking heart that sends the strongest message. It should break any human being's heart to kill, and those who are not emotionally torn up by taking another human being's life are therefore, essentially heartless.

There is also an indication in Here, Bullet, that it is not only the heart that malfunctions in the throes of death and killing, but the brain as well. hen Turner speaks of "the leap thought makes at the synaptic gap" he is symbolizing the leap a person's mind is forced to make from have a respect for life and compassion for mankind to suddenly believe that it is okay to kill, maim and torture in the name of your country. Thus from Turner's point-of-view, after being…

Works Cited

Turner, Brian, "Here, Bullet" Here, Bullet, Alice James Books, 2005

Turner, Brian, "Sadiq" Here, Bullet, Alice James Books, 2005

Himes, Andrew, Voices in Wartime Anthology, cited in Alice James Books. Web. 17 June, 2010. http://www.alicejamesbooks.org/pages/book_page.php?bookID=43

Whetstone, David. Culture: A Poet in Tangled Battle Lines of Iraq; Plenty of Poets Described the Horrors of the First World War, but in Modern Combat Zones They Are a Rare Beast. David Whetstone Talks to American Poet Brian Turner, Who Served in Iraq. The Journal (Newcastle, England). March 17, 2008, p. 18.

Manufacturers are the most affected as they have to absorb the transportation costs borne by the transporters. This often results in a price hike which lowers profits. Companies who have to cut their profits lay off staff which affects consumer spending power. These actions hurt the economy in the longer run as it causes inflation and puts pressure on the government to raise wages so that consumers can afford to pay higher prices. Wages are never increased with rising prices so this result in people becoming poorer and it weakens the economy. Unemployment deters people from buying goods and results in lower sales. This causes more layoffs and pushes the economy to go down.

The automobile industry has been the most affected as car sales have slumped due to the increase in oil prices. Consumers are wary of buying SUVs because they consume a lot of fuel. SUVs form a…

Bibliography

Bilmes, Linda & Stiglitz, Joseph (2006). The Economic Costs of the Iraq War: An Appraisal Three Years After the Beginning of the Conflict, NBER Working Paper No. 12054

Surowiecki, James (2005, May). Oil Change. The New Yorker

Perry, George L. (2001).The War on Terrorism, the World Oil Market and the U.S. Economy, The Brookings Institution

Behravesh, Nariman, (February 2003).Iraq War Scenarios, Global Insight

In 1066, illiam the Conqueror and his army of Normans established themselves as the dominant power in Britain, and the form of French they brought with them quickly became the language of the powerful classes in British society, while the lower classes still spoke English (English Club, 3). For the second time in just over five-hundred years, a major conquest of the Isle of Britain was conducted by an invading tribe with a foreign tongue. This time, however, the existing language and people were not replaced, but instead the Latin influence of the Norman tongue began to seep into English, creating the first elements of a "bastard" tongue (Anglik.net, 6). ords such as "beef" and "cow" illustrate how the class difference that existed at first between speaker of the Norman and Anglo-Saxon languages eventually resulted in a language with a greater diversity of words than any other -- cow has…

Works Cited

Anglik.net. "A Brief History of the English Language." Accessed 1 February 2009.  http://www.anglik.net/englishlanguagehistory.htm 

Baugh, Albert C. And Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language. New York: Prentice Hall, 2001.

English Club.com. "History of the English Language." Accessed 31 January 2009.  http://www.englishclub.com/english-language-history.htm 

Marsh, George P. The Origin and History of the English Language. New York: Scribner, 1896.

In fact, the local public library, increasingly threatened by competition from other entertainment sources such as expanded home entertainment systems, deluxe bookstores with cafes, and the Internet, could do well to adopt TQM principles. "A library should focus on providing the best services possible, and be willing to change to serve its customers. To determine if changes need to be made, a library administrator might ask: hat are our niche markets? hat do the customers come in for? How can I look at the efficiency of my library? How do we serve the current customers that exist today? (Masters, 2003, citing Total Quality Management, 1995). In short first learn about the customer, in this case the library patron and then solve the problems with attendance.

A library that alienated customers by being old, poorly lit, and dusty, could improve its customer service by creating more open, airy, and well-lit places…

Works Cited

Hansen, Dexter a. (2005). "Total Quality Management (TQM) Tutorial/Help Page." Retrieved 17 Feb 2007 at http://home.att.net/~iso9k1/tqm/tqm.html

Holoviak, Stephen. (Jul/Aug1995) "Why TQM fails to change behaviors or attitudes."

The Journal for Quality and Participation. Retrieved 17 Feb 2007 at  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3616/is_199507/ai_n8727227/pg_2 

Masters, Denise. (2003). "Total Quality Management in Libraries." Retrieved 17 Feb 2007 from ERIC at: http://www.michaellorenzen.com/eric/tqm.html

limited and total war, and the factors leading to either type of wars.

States will escalate a limited war to total warfare only in cases where they do not have certain limitations.

Key discussion areas:

A definition and a discussion of limited and total wars

A discussion of the Koreas war and how major world powers (the Soviet Union and the United States ) were fighting their own proxy wars in the conflict

A discussion of military imperatives such as nuclear weapons and their scale of destructions and why their possession and use is restricted. And how nuclear asymmetry affects modern warfare.

A discussion of the four main factors limiting war and why such factors are important to making defense policy decisions for nations in the modern day world

Summary of main points:

Limited and total war

Military imperatives; nuclear weapons and military factors

Factors limiting war

What are the…

References

Conway, 2013. Limited vs. Total War. [Online]

Available at:  http://www.mconway.net/page20/files  / [Accessed 16 September 015].

Salavrakos, I.-D., 2014. The Defence Economics of Total War 1870-1918: A Literature Review

Article. Global Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(1), pp. 23-45.

great wars of the twentieth century can be classified as "total wars" not because of their far-reaching effects, although many of them have been global wars. Rather, the term "total war" refers more to the all-encompassing effect of war on the cultures involved. Total wars alter civilian mentality and ideology in a way traditional wars do not. Patriotism and nationalism are by no means new concepts; nor is taking civilian casualties a new practice. But since World War One, total wars have taken on new meanings and transformed political ideologies.

The term "total war" seems to have originated during World War One, when the idea of a "People's War" gained popularity. As burgeoning nationalism changed the face of European geographical boundaries, national identities fostered a fresh sense of patriotism. The 19th century saw the unification of Germany following a series of battles that incidentally led up to the First World…

(laufarb 30 -- 54)

At the same time, the war had a negative economic impact upon these areas. In this case, civilians could see their homes and their way of life destroyed (because of the continuous fighting that was taking place). This is troubling, because it would mean that many individuals had difficulty maintaining their standards of living and earning an income (to provide for their families). As they would find their communities devastated, from the total sacrifice that everyone made (in one way or another). At which point, this would affect how someone was able to earn a living, by having limited opportunities (from all of the fighting). (laufarb 76-101)

Gender would determine how someone viewed themselves in society. This is because, male domination would have an impact upon the way soldiers and civilians were acting. Where, the males often engaged in actions that were seen as disrespectful to…

Bibliography

Blaufarb, Rafe. "Benjamin Harris." Napoleonic Foot Soldiers and Civilians. Boston: Bedford / St. Marten, 2011. 30 -- 54. Print.

Blaufarb, Rafe. "Jackob Walter." Napoleonic Foot Soldiers and Civilians. Boston: Bedford / St. Marten, 2011. 76-101. Print.

Blaufarb, Rafe. "Julie Pellizzone." Napoleonic Foot Soldiers and Civilians. Boston: Bedford / St. Marten, 2011. 123 -- 148. Print.

Blaufarb, Rafe. "Louis-Gabriel Montigny." Napoleonic Foot Soldiers and Civilians. Boston: Bedford / St. Marten, 2011. 54-59. Print.

Great ar

The United States after the Great ar

orld ar I, also known as the Great ar, officially came to an end in 1918 and reshaped the country in a variety of ways. One of the most immediate changes was the way the world perceived the United States. Before the war, most of the country and its leaders preferred an isolationist stance to any international conflict. In 1914 the U.S. had only a small army and a pitiful navy, yet as the war progressed many Americans began to disapprove of the German's use of submarines to sink neutral ships such as the infamous sinking of the Lusitania (Hickman). However, it is interesting to note that the German's were actually correct in their assertion that the Lusitania was being used to carry military ammunition, as divers have recently uncovered from the wreckage, which did actually make the ship a legitimate…

Works Cited

Arnesen, E. "Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America' by Cameron McWhirter." 18 November 2011. Chicago Tribune. Web. 27 October 2012.

Greenhill, S. "Secret of the Lusitania: Arms find challenges Allied claims it was solely a passenger ship." 19 December 2008. Mail Online. Web. 27 October 2012.

Hickman, K. "World War I: Sinking of the Lusitania." N.d. Military History. Web. 27 October 2012.

Kaldor, N. "Inflation and Recession in the World Economy." The Economic Journal (1976): 703-714. Web.

WWI

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife represented a culmination of several concurrent forces, all of which led to the outbreak of World War. The concurrent forces that led to World War One can be loosely grouped under the following categories: nationalism, imperialism, and militarism. Within each of these categories are ample sub-categories that can testify to the extent of forces that shaped the pre-war conditions throughout not just Europe but the entire world. World War One was a total war for many reasons: it involved serious civilian casualties on a horrific scale for all parties. The Great War also brought to light the impact of globalization on the global economy and political enterprise. Nationalism, imperialism, and militarism all played a part in shaping participation in World War One; the effects of which continue to reverberate.

As Marshall (2001) points out, "Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy were all…

References

Allan, T. (2003). The Causes of World War I. Chicago: Reed Elsevier.

Bosco, P., & Bosco, A. (2003). World War I. Infobase.

Heyman, N.M. (1997). World War I. Greenwood.

Marshall, S.L.A. (2001). World War I. New York: First Mariner.

Civil War

orn in 1826, George . McClellan served as an officer in the U.S. Army. He was also a politician who became a major general at the time of the Civil War from 1861-1865 as well as a railroad president. In 1861, he was in command of the Army of Potomac, which he organized. McClellan also served the Union Army as the general-in-chief for a short time. He was very popular among his men, but was reluctant to make strong attacks on the Confederacy, despite having an advantage due to the number of men in his army. This brought differences between him and President Abraham Lincoln[footnoteRef:1]. When the Seven Days attle came to an end in 1862, McClellan's Peninsula Campaign fell apart. He was unable to defeat the Confederate Army of Robert E at the attle of Antietam at a later time of the same year. His extremely cautious…

Bibliography

Bay. "Sherman's March to the Sea: Total Impact Warfare." Creaters. 2014. Accessed May 16, 2016.  https://www.creators.com/read/austin-bay/11/14/shermans-march-to-the-sea-total-impact-warfare .

Civil War Traveler. "North Carolina Civil War the Carolinas Campaign." Accessed May 16, 2016.  http://www.civilwartraveler.com/EAST/NC/CarolinasCampaign.html .

History. "George Mcclellan." Accessed May 16, 2016.  http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/george-b-mcclellan .

History. "Robert E. Lee." Accessed May 16, 2016.  http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/robert-e-lee .

American Way of War

The history of the American Way of War is a transitional one, as Weigley shows in his landmark work of the same name. The strategy of war went from, under Washington, a small scale, elude and survive set of tactics practiced by what seem today to be relatively "quaint" militias, to -- in the 20th century -- a full-scale operation known as "total war." True, "total war" was not a concept invented by the Americans in the 20th century. The North eventually practiced "total war" against the Confederates when Sherman's campaign left utter destruction of civilian territory in its wake. The ancient Romans practiced it when, under the direction of Cato, they destroyed Carthage because its mere existence, they felt, posed a threat to their prosperity. In the 20th century, however, "total war" received an enormous boost of technical support when the inventors of the atom…

Bibliography

Butler, Smedley. War is a Racket. LA: Feral House, 2003.

Chollet, Derek and James Goldgeier. America Between the Wars. NY: Public Affairs,

2009.

Debs, Eugene. "Anti-War Speech," 16 June 1918. Web.

Post War Iraq: A Paradox in the Making: Legitimacy vs. legality

The regulations pertaining to the application of force in International Law has transformed greatly from the culmination of the Second World War, and again in the new circumstances confronting the world in the aftermath of the end of the Cold War. Novel establishments have been formed, old ones have withered away and an equally enormous quantity of intellectual writing has studied this, which is debatably the most significant sphere of international law. Any discussion on the lawful use of armed force ought to start with the United Nations Charter. The Charter redefined understanding of the legitimacy of the application of force by outlining situations under which it is allowed.1

The guiding theory of the Charter is affirmed in its Preamble that armed forces should not be used except in the general interest. Article 2(4) of the Charter preserves this…

References

Bailey, Sydney D. Four Arab-Israeli Wars and the Peace Process. Palgrave: Macmillan, 1990

Barber, Benjamin. Fear's Empire: War, Terrorism and Democracy. W.W. Norton and Company, 2003

Barton, F.D; Crocker, B. Winning the Peace in Iraq. Washington Quarterly Volume: 26, Number: 2. Spring 2003, pp. 7-22.

Bijl, Nick van der. Nine Battles to Stanley. Pen and Sword Books, 1999

Civil War Tensions

The American Civil War was not the culmination of one specific issue, which tore North and South, but rather the culmination of a perfect storm of issues and incidents that formed together to make war between the states "inevitable" (Foote, 1958, p. 29). The issues were various and complex: among them was the primacy of "states' rights" in the Constitution, and the usurpation of those rights (so it was felt by many a Southerner) by the Central government. This feeling was directly tied to the outcome of the Mexican-American War, which resulted in the annexing of large territories to the West. Would they be slave states or free states? If one followed the Missouri Compromise line, there should be no question. Slave states were below, free above. But with John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry and the frenzy of the abolitionist caused at fever pitch, the issue…

Reference List

Economy in the Civil War. (2014). The Civil War. Shmoop.

Egnal, M. (2001). The Beards Were Right: Parties in the North, 1840-1860. Civil War

History 47(1): 30-56.

Foote, S. (1958). The Civil War: Ft. Sumter to Perryville. NY: Random House.

Civil ars

It is estimated that between 1900 and 1967, there were 526 civil wars called throughout the world (Civil pp). Today, there are literally dozens of wars going on around the globe, and dozens more that have ended during recent years, such as the civil wars in Guatemala and Tajikistan.

According to Christopher Cramer, most literature concerning civil wars has highlighted the role of political instability in the relationship between growth and inequality (Cramer pp). Although there are interlinkages between distribution, conflict and growth, these interlinkages are complex and cannot be read off or predicted from any convincing repeated empirical relationship between variables that are often loaded with too much and unclear meaning (Cramer pp). Cramer takes the title to his article, "Civil ar is Not a Stupid Thing: Exploring Growth, Distribution and Conflict Linkages" from a short story by Sicilian writer, Leonardo Sciascia, about a Sicilian dragooned into…

Work Cited

"Civil Wars Throughout the World."

http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/cwc/inter-aspects/world1.htm

Cramer, Christopher. "Civil War is Not a Stupid Thing: exploring growth, distribution and conflict linkages."

 http://64.233.187.104/search?q=cache:N00ZR7tRHzsJ:mercury.soas.ac.uk/economics/workpap/adobe/wp73.pdf+countries+that+have+had+civil+wars& ; hl=en

OE Vietnam

Within the context of war fighting, the idea of limited war and the rules of engagement within that paradigm can often conflict if not counter act each other. The purpose of this essay is to correlate the understanding the rules of engagement (OE) with limited war ideology as seen through the perspective and experiences of different levels of the chain of command.

Individual Soldiers

The Vietnam War was mosty a guerilla style war fought between young and aggressive soldiers on all sides of the conflict. For soldiers at this level, all war is total war. The perspective of the individual soldier transcends mission and war objectives and resides mostly in the survival mode of living, escaping death or capture.

Battalion Commander

As one progresses higher upon the chain of command, the Battalion Commander begins to participate in the more strategic aspects of the conflict. Even though this medium…

References

Dallas, C. (1988). Vietnam War: Reassessing the Battles. Soical Politics, 3, 1988. Retrieved from  http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~tpilscAirOps/cas-roe.html 

Hasty, H. (1999). How Leaders Can Understand Their Role In Conflict. Journal Of Warfighting and Social Control, March 199. 5, 22.

Robinson, Q. (2005). Evolution of the Army Officer Since Vietnam. Planning Politics and Outcomes, 4 April 2005. Retrieved from httpppac.com/alternative/2013/05/the-25-rules- of-officer roles-2667984.html

Civil War and Its Meaning

The Civil War defined Americans because it was the war fought over the Constitution as it was written. It was the war of States' ights and the War of Northern Aggression. It was the war that brought about the totalitarian drive of the central state, where the President assumed for himself authoritarian powers. There were actually many facets to it: the election of Lincoln, the low tariffs set by Southern Congressmen, which upset Northern Industrial magnates, the Homestead Act and the rise of the transcontinental railroad -- both of which could be seen as maneuvers by Northern states to take over the Midwest in a move to block out Southern influence and expansion to the West (Egnal, 2001, p. 30); and the issue of slavery (flamed to inferno-like levels by men like the radical abolitionist John Brown).

The South regretted surrendering because they didn't just…

References

Egnal, M. (2001). The Beards Were Right: Parties in the North, 1840-1860. Civil War

History, 41(1): 30-56.

Foote, S. (1958). The Civil War. NY: Random House.

Gettysburg Casualties. (2015). History.net. Retrieved from  http://www.historynet.com/gettysburg-casualties

Civil War Field Artillery
Introduction
In many ways, the Civil War was the first modern war. The scorched earth policy implemented during Sherman’s March to the Sea introduced “total war” to the world (Cummings, 2012). And it involved the use of weaponry that would come to define the modern age of war: advanced, technological and devastating. As Gen. Hunt put it, artillery should be “a separate arm”—a specialized force of the army that could be used to maximum advantage (Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks, 2004). Field artillery weapons included the 6-pounder gun made of bronze which shot a 6 lb. projectile at a speed of 1,400 feet per second with a range of 1,500 yards; the M1857 12-pound “Napoleon” made of bronze, which weighed 1,227 lbs. and shot the 12-lb. ball at a speed of 1,440 feet per second with a range 1,600 yards; the 24-pounder Howitzer made of bronze, which…

World War I

The Causes and How America Joined the War

The events that led to the causes of the first world war had its roots in the Balkans in late July 1914 and there are causes including political, territorial, and economic conflicts among the great European powers in the four decades leading up to the war. Militarism, a complex web of alliances, imperialism and nationalism were some of the other causes that led up to the First World War.

The root for the Second World War lay in the peace accords and the punishments that were meted out to the Germans after the First World War and the sense of humiliation and economic debacle following the end of the First World War.

The animosity between the Americans and the Germans started with the sinking of the Lusitania as she made her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York in…

attle of Monte Cassino during WWII with focus on the Allied decision to bomb the ancient monastery at Monte Cassino

An Analysis of the Allied Decision to omb the Ancient Monastery at Monte Cassino

On this day... In 1944 the battle of Monte Cassino ended as Allied troops finally captured the old fortified abbey (Europe's oldest monastic house), after more than three months of bombardment by shell-fire and air attack. -- Cyril Leslie eeching, 1997

The brief epigraph above does not do justice to this historic World War II battle, since the stakes were high and the decision to attack the "oldest monastic house" in Europe could not be made lightly. In fact, the destruction of the monastery at Monte Cassino, more than any other episode from the Italian campaign of 1943-1945, remains a source of heated debate. This paper provides an overview and background of the events that took…

Bibliography

Beeching, Cyril Leslie. 1997. A Dictionary of Dates. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Colvin, David & Richard Hodges. 1994. Tempting Providence: The Bombing of Monte Cassino. History Today 44 (February):13.

Gyug, Richard. 2001. The Scriptorium and Library at Monte Cassino. Catholic Historical Review 87 (October):724.

Halecki, Oskar. 1983. A History of Poland. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

But nobody believed this blatant lie when news spread of our triumphant uprising in the southern plains. It was all part of my plan, to fight the government with my own propaganda. To make myself into a mysterious hero, whose actual existence or mere fabrication was never known. I would be the hidden crusader, making appearances here, winning a battle there, and then disappearing until the next uprising. By one day I was victorious in Vilanueva, the next bitterly defeated in Guacamayal. I was eaten alive by Motilon Indians, only to be found dead a backwater village swamp and rising victorious again in Urumita. The result was is vast increase in my causes popularity and in the sizes of our military recruits.

Yet, I soon became an outcast in my own party, who were giving up on total victory and settling for the consultation prize of gaining token representation in…

Internment of Japanese-Americans in orld ar II

hen the national interests are threatened, history has shown that American presidents will take extraordinary measures to protect them, even if this means violating the U.S. Constitution. For example, the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act enacted immediately following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, watered down civil liberties for American citizens. Likewise, President Abraham Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil ar just as President Franklin D. Roosevelt did during the outset of orld ar II following the Japanese sneak attack on American forces at Pearl Harbor when tens of thousands of Japanese-American citizens were interred for the duration of the war. Despite the compelling circumstances that were involved, this paper will show that the internment of Japanese-Americans during orld ar II was not only unconscionable, it was also a fragrant violation of the U.S. Constitution and should not have taken…

Works Cited

Crockett, Rosemary F. (2002). "America's Invisible Gulag: A Biography of German-American

Internment and Exclusion in World War II." The Oral History Review 29(2): 191-193.

Flamiano, Dolores. (2010). "Japanese-American Internment in Popular Magazines: Race,

Citizenship, and Gender in World War II Photojournalism." Journalism History 36(1):

.." For example, during the Vietnam War the United States "sprayed 3640 km2 of South Vietnam's cropland with herbicides, using a total estimated amount of 55 million kg. The stated rationale was to deny the enemy sources of food and means of cover. This widespread use of chemicals to destroy farmland, forest and water sources is unprecedented, and the environmental consequences are still relatively unexplored. International teams have been granted access for field assessments only in the last few years." (Learning, 2000)

The work of Lindon, Jernelov, and Egerup (2004) entitled: "The Environmental Impacts of the Gulf War 1991" relates that the oil fires in Kuwait" emitted pollutants that potentially could affect the health and well-being of the people in the region. Most of the substances emitted from the burning wells can potentially cause adverse effects, which vary according to concentration and duration of exposure." In fact the concentrations of…

Bibliography

Lessons from the Last Gulf War (2003) Greenpeace Briefing Feb. 2003. Online available at  http://www.greenpeace.org/raw/content/international/press/reports/lessons-from-the-gulf-war-the.pdf 

Learning, Jennifer (2000) Environment and Health: Impact of War. CMAJ • OCT. 31, 2000; 163 (9). Online available at  http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/163/9/1157.pdf 

Amirahmadi, Hoosang (1992) Iranian Recovery From Industrial Devastation During War with Iraq. United Nations. 1992. Online available at  http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu21le/uu21le0e.htm#environmental%20damage 

Lindon, O., Jernelov, a., and Egerup, J. (2004) the Environmental Impacts of the Gulf War 1991. Interim Report. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1

war on Iraq, and considers whether U.S. policy towards Iraq can prevail, through an analysis of eight facets of this policy: international trade; weapons of mass destruction; democratization; the war against tyranny vs. The grab for oil; the "shock and awe" tactics used at the beginning of the war; the U.S. occupation vs. liberation; whether the new government of Iraq will be Iraqi run or whether Iraq will become a puppet state; and, Operation Iraqi Freedom. The analysis is performed by means of an in-depth literature review, with relevant statistical support, where necessary. It is found that the war on Iraq was founded on false premises, and that the current U.S. policy towards Iraq is not sustainable for the Iraqi people nor for the honour of the U.S. government.

Introduction

The war on Iraq (which some people would argue was an illegal invasion on Iraq, as it happened without regard…

total 3000 words: Organisation - Telkom South Africa Questions strategy theory applicacable models 1. Undertake a resource based analysis Telkom, South African telecommunications company comment implications analysis future strategy organisation

Telkom South Africa

The telecommunications industry is the fastest growing industry at an international level. It relies on innovation and developments and it impacts all aspects of life. The telecommunications industry in the Western Hemisphere is generically assumed as the leader of the world, possessing the most impressive resources and developing the most impressive technologies. Aside from the United States however, intense telecommunications is also present in Japan, China or ussia.

In the global discussion of telecommunications, South Africa is often overlooked as a region noteworthy of attention. Nevertheless, the African continent does possess an impressive telecommunications company, which operates in 38 countries and which could easily pose competition to the more commonly known westerner companies. This is the Telkom…

References:

Barney, J.B., Clark, D.N., 2007, Resource-based theory: creating and sustaining competitive advantage, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0199277680

Doole, I., Lowe, R., International marketing strategy: analysis, development and implementation, 5th edition, Cengage Learning EMEA, ISBN 1844807630

Grant, R.M., 2005, Contemporary strategy analysis, 5th edition, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 1405119993

Kinyanjui, K., 2011, Telkom South Africa's internet sector merger intensifies surf wars, All Africa,  http://allafrica.com/stories/201106030511.html  last accessed on August 3, 2011

current events and the war in Iraq. The writer discusses the importance of the events on a personal level and explains how they impact the life of the writer today.

I would be hard pressed to find anyone in America who does not know about the war going on in Iraq. The world was glued to the television as the war began and since that time there has not been a single day, in which the newscasters haven't discussed the events of the war, the future of Iraq, or the popularity ratings of President Bush. The war is important on many levels. It is the first step to letting terrorists know that they will no longer be tolerated. I support the war and the reason we began the battle, but hope we will continue to move forward in the effort to unseat terrorists and rebuild those nations which they have…

This contrasts completely with another theory of modern warfare put forth by Samuel Huntington, who agrees that warfare is transitioning away from its previous incarnation(s) but actually sees war and conflict increasing in its scope, especially from an ideological perspective. In Huntington's view, war in the modern era (beginning in the seventeenth century) has moved from wars between princes or monarchs (wars between individuals in authority, such as the animosity between certain French and English rulers of the period, for instance) to wars between nation-states (wars between peoples, such as the American Revolution as one example) to wars of ideology that involved several or many nations on both sides of the engagement (the two World Wars and even the Cold War serve as examples). Now, Huntington contends, warfare is continuing this trajectory of an increasing scale by becoming wars of civilization: essentially wars between Western and non-Western civilization(s). The commonality…

invasion and occupation of Iraq from three different perspectives. Firstly, the paper provides a historical background pertaining to the interest of energy-hungry countries such as France, America and Britain. The paper also provides a brief background of the relationship of Iraq with its neighbors and how oil has turned out to be a major source of attraction for the imperial powers. Secondly, the paper provides an in-depth perspective of the ongoing war in Iraq from an economic perspective. The paper briefly reveals the unstable relationship of Iraq with its neighbors. The paper also reveals the importance of the Iraqi oil reserves in the war waged on Iraq and how the American and European companies have lobbied with George Bush and Tony Blair to get contracts worth billions of dollars. Thirdly, the paper studies the political aspects of this war. The paper focuses on the impact that democracy and the recent…

References

(1) Abbas Alnasrawi. Oil, Sanctions Debt and the Future. Arab Studies Quarterly, Vol. 23, 2001.

(2) Ibid, 1.

(3) Dr. Ferruh Demirmen. Oil in Iraq: The Byzantine Beginnings. Global Policy Forum. April 25, 2003.

(4) Michael Dobbs. U.S. Had Key Role in Iraq Buildup. Washington Post. December 30, 2002.

socioeconomic status and obesity are related. Indeed, there have been major strides on bringing down the number of obese children. However, the one group that always seems to lag behind the others are racial minorities and the poor and those two are quite often one and the same. Tackling obesity for people of all racial and income levels is important because it brings down the average healthcare costs for everyone as it prevents (or at least slows) conditions like diabetes, heart disease and cancer. This report will only cite articles and studies that appear in academic-level journals and that are stored on EBSCO Host. No internet sources or other material shall be used. While entirely stomping out obesity will not likely happen in our lifetime, there are people that are very much at risk and that would be those with lower socioeconomic status and thus the inability to afford quality…

References

Albaladejo, R., Villanueva, R., Navalpotro, L., Ortega, P., Astasio, P., & Regidor, E.

(2014). Risk behaviors and sports facilities do not explain socioeconomic

differences in childhood obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public

Health, 14(1), 1-18. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1181

687).

Many reasons for the war were offered by both the United States and British governments at various times. In the months leading up to the war, there were a plethora of reasons offered that made it difficult to rationalize and understand exactly why the war was necessary. The argument regarding weapons of mass destruction was one of the most argued points; however, there was much debate as to whether these alleged weapons of mass destruction even existed (Iraq Survey Group 2004). Another point of contention with the war in Iraq was whether or not there were right intentions. According to many scholars and lay persons, reiterated by Fishar and Biggar, there was serious opposition because the disarmament of Iraq seemed only the beginning of a larger agency established by the U.S., UK and their allies. Reasonable belief that weapons of mass destruction existed, for many, was not enough to…

Works cited

American Unbound: the Bush Revolution in foreign policy. Washington DC. Web. 2003.

Biggar, N. "Invading Iraq: what are the morals of the story?" International Affairs, 87.1

(2011): p. 29-30.

Davies, N. Blood on our hands: the American invasion and destruction of Iraq. Web. 2010.

France paid a high price for this conflict, and the conditions demanded by the Germans were harsh (Franco). France lost Alsace and Lorraine and were forced to pay 5 billion Gold Francs in reparations (Franco). Germany entered the conflict with a total of 797,500 men, against France's 935,960 troops (Franco). France lost 150,000 men, while Germany lost only 44,000 (Franco). To add further humiliation, Bismarck insisted that France allow a German triumphal march down the Champs Elysees (Siege).

hile the Franco-Prussian ar was a war declared, it was essentially a 6-month conflict. Although the French outnumbered the Germans, they were careless and underestimated the Germans' military tactics and strategies. Emperor Napoleon III had basically played right into Bismarck's hands. Napoleon lost his power and reign, while Bismarck achieved exactly what he had set out to do, unite Germany.

The aftermath of the Franco-Prussian ar generated considerable apprehension throughout Europe concerning…

Works Cited

The Franco-German War 1870/71. The History of Warfare. Retrieved November 30, 2006 at  http://www.zum.de/whkmla/military/19cen/francoger.html 

Paris, Michael. (1993 June 01). Fear of flying: the fiction of war 1886-1916.

History Today. Retrieved November 30, 2006 from HighBeam Research Library.

Siege of Paris: 1879 Franco-Prussian War. Paris Annals. Retrieved November 30, 2006 at  http://home.eckerd.edu/~oberhot/paris/paris-1870.htm

The Nazis, however, were seriously mistaken. According to Thomas D. Morgan, "No group that participated in orld ar II made a greater per capita contribution, and no group was changed more by the war." Native Americans willingly enlisted in the war more than any other group in America. Native American tribes that had a long tradition of warrior culture took up arms to defend the American nation. They also served as communication liaison agents who befuddled German and Japanese code-breakers.

Native American contribution fundamentally changed hite's attitude toward American Indians. Many soldiers referred to Native Americans as "Chefs," as a sign of respect. Holm explains: "hites, who made Indian policies at the time, came out of the war with new, or at least different, images of Indian people. These changed views created an atmosphere in which men of varying motives and goals could institute the termination policy under the cloak…

Works Cited:

"America at War: World War II." Digital History. Web. 23 May 2012

Black, Helen K., and William H. Thompson. "A War Within a War: A World War II Buffalo Soldier's Story." Journal of Men's Studies 20.1 (2012): 32-46. Web. 23 May 2012.

Clive', Alan. "Women Workers in World War Ii." Labor History 20.1 (1979): 44. Web. 23 May 2012.

De Graaf, Lawrence B. "Significant Steps on an Arduous Path: The Impact of World War II on Discrimination Against African-Americans in the West." Journal of the West 35 (1996): 24-33. Web. 23 May 2012.

Military ar or Campaign

The world has existed amidst a set of wars and conflicts that have shaped political systems, governments, and humanitarian associations. Gulf ar is one of the universal and all time conflicts that rocked the world. ith equitable measures and categorical procedures, philosophies, missions, and visions of these wars, this piece of study exemplifies Gulf ar as one of America's participatory wars in the world. The article tries to establish the basement of Gulf ar together with its consequences and responses it received from the United States of America and the world as a whole.

and the Middle East have been on good terms for quite some time. Various wars between the U.S. And countries including Iraq have occurred. In such instances, military deployment by the U.S. government is intense supported by its foreign policies. This study focuses on the 1990/91 Gulf ar. The America's paradoxical love-hate…

Works cited

Boyne, Walter J. Gulf War: A Comprehensive Guide to People, Places & Weapons. New York: Signet, 1991. Print.

Bulloch, John, and Harvey Morris. The Gulf War: Its Origins, History, and Consequences.

London: Methuen London, 1989. Print.

Carlisle, Rodney, and John S. Bowman. Persian Gulf War. New York: Facts on File, 2003.

Strangely, America's role as policeman in Europe actually led to its becoming involved in military conflicts in Southeast Asia. Although the U.S. did not fight the Soviet Union directly in Korea or Vietnam, both conflicts were due to the U.S.'s policy of defeating the spread of Communism no matter where it might occur. Fears of escalation during both the Korean and Vietnam conflicts caused the U.S. To adopt a military strategy that favored limited warfare (Brodie).

The Cold ar had a tremendous impact on the growth of the United States as an industrial and world military power. America's presence throughout the world militarily and the dependence of estern Europe and Japan on the American economy for the sustenance of their own economies caused America's political and economic influence to expanded substantially. Beginning with the Berlin airlift (Reeves) where the United States provided food and other vital items to est Berliners…

Works Cited

Brodie, Bernard. War and Politics. New York: Macmillan Co., 1973.

Comstock, Douglas A. "NASA's Legacy of Technology Transfer and Prospects for Future Benefits." AIAA Space Conference & Exposition. Long Beach, CA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. 1-9.

Cox, M. "The Cold War as a system." Critique (1986): 17-82.

Lieber, Keir A. "The Rise of U.S. Nuclear Primacy." Foreign Affairs (2006): 42-67.

esocialization and Total Institutions

esocialization Total Institutions

ecycling: esocialization and Total Institutions

esocialization and Total Institutions

esocialization is a process in which the identity and personality of the individual is radically changed by placing that individual in an environment or institution, which is controlled and monitored strictly. Total institutions are such institutions that utilize resocialization process in order to bring significant changes in the personality of individuals living there. The goal of these institutions is to eradicate personal identity of the individual and then, create a new identity through reward and punishment system.

esocialization and Total Institutions

Introduction

esocialization is a process in which the identity and personality of the individual is radically changed by placing that individual in an environment or institution, which is controlled and monitored strictly. Total institutions are such institutions that utilize resocialization process in order to bring significant changes in the personality of individuals living…

References

John J. Macionis and Linda M. Gerber (2011).Sociology Seventh Canadian Edition. Pearson Education, Inc.

Llewellyn, Jennifer J. (2002). "Dealing with the Legacy of Native Residential School Abuse in Canada: Litigation, ADR, and Restorative Justice."University of Toronto Law Journal. 52.3 (2002): 253-300. Print.

Patrick Donnelly. (2013). Scapegoating the Indian Residential Schools. Ottawa Cover Story.

What was the war's bloodiest day? Was it Gettysburg? No. It occurred in September, 1862, at Antietam Creek in Maryland, when 22,700 soldiers died. "[General] Lee "hoped to win decisively...but the Union army prevailed."

Meantime, the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1 through July 3, 1863, was the bloodiest battle of the war. It was the "most famous and most important Civil War Battle... [General Lee] believed his own [rebel] army was invincible..." Potter asserts. But in fact the Confederates suffered an estimated 28,000 casualties (out of 75,000 men in battle) and the Union lost 23,000 out of 88,000 - albeit, the Union won the battle. Doing the math one comes up with around 51,000 deaths on that blood-drenched, corpse-cluttered battlefield.

On July 1 and July 2, 1863, the Confederate army had gotten the best of the fighting, but Friday, July 3, 1863, would be another day, and would end quite…

Article Summary
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was what allegorically kick-started the First World War. However, there was a lot more to what actually led to the outbreak of war than one political assassination. The assassination of the Archduke was significant in that it represented a growing trend in the geo-political landscape of Europe: nationalism. The Serbian assassin was a member of a Serbian nationalist group called the Black Hand.

Sensing that budding discontent against the Austro-Hungarian regime could be politically costly, the Empire, still under Franz Josef goaded the Serbian nationalists first by issuing an ultimatum. The Austro-Hungarian Empire wanted to gain total control over the entire Balkans: a geographically strategic area. Serbia stood in its way, making it seem like a worthwhile maneuver to enter into war if need be. Serbian nationalists, on the other hand, also believed it worthwhile to push back against the encroachment on…

Introduction
In April 2nd 1982, the then Argentinian government sent soldiers to take over the disputed Falklands Islands. The reason for this is that the South American country regarded the group of islands as part of its territory. However, the British, who already occupied the islands, also regarded the Falklands as their territory. Over the next one month, both countries made serious attempts to store the conflict from escalating. Alexander Haig, who was the then United States Secretary of State was right in the middle of the diplomatic negotiations to try and stop the conflicting from escalating. He and his team travelled frantically between the London and Buenos Aires to meet and negotiate with the leaders of the two countries, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher of the United Kingdom and President Leopoldo Galtieri of Argentina. Nevertheless, the countless hours of negotiations and the frantic efforts of the Alexander Haig and his…

War against Iraq

War has had a tremendous effect on me and my family as a result of the war which occurred with Iraq. The taxes imposed by the government by way of increased taxation were creating difficulties for my family. My father being the only full-time employed member of the family, the increased taxation was creating financial difficulties for us to bear the costs of running the family. There were Muslim friends of mine who were looked upon with suspicion by the administration and the Police authorities. They had expressed their inability to overcome the problem of the suspicious eyes on their day-to-day activities. As a result war does not give me good memories, being attacked by difficulties in running the family and of having to witness the sufferings of my friends who have to bear the cost. So I felt that I should take up this project of…

6). At home, though, the media can often be co-opted by being made to feel that public opinion would be against it if it reported something other than the prevailing public sentiment. After't he 9-11 attacks, the public wanted the perpetrators and their leaders punished, so the war in Afghanistan had the support of the public. By extension, the idea of the war on terror also had support, though the parameters of that war were never clearly defined and were certainly not explained to the public. The Bush Administration made use of this support when it decided to invade Iran and suggested in many ways that this was a continuation of the war on terror and even that Saddam Hussein was responsible for 9-11. The news media did not do its job as well as it should and did not question most of these assertions until some time had passed.…

Works Cited

Boylan, James. "When the Press Fails: Political Power and the News Media from Iraq to Katrina." Columbia Journalism Review, Volume 46, Issue 2 (July-August 2007), 59.

Kamiya, Gary. "Iraq: Why the Media Failed." Salon.com (10 April 2007). July 22, 2008.  http://www.salon.com/opinion/kamiya/2007/04/10/media_failure/ .

Kellner, Douglas. "Bushspeak and the Politics of Lying: Presidential Rhetoric in the 'War on Terror.'" Presidential Studies Quarterly, Volume 37, Issue 4 (2007). July 22, 2008.  http://www.questia.com/read/5024109830?title=Bushspeak%20and%20the%20Politics%20of%20Lying%3a%20Presidential%20Rhetoric%20in%20the%20%22War%20on%20Terror%22 .

Payne, Kenneth. "The Media as an Instrument of War." Parameters, Volume 35, Issue 1 (2005). July 22, 2008.  http://www.questia.com/read/5011208618?title=the%20Media%20as%20an%20Instrument%20of%20War.Smith , Sylvia a. "Media Faulted on War's Lead-up." Outside Cab le News (12 March 2008). July 22, 2008.  http://outsidecablenews.blogsome.com/2008/03/12/media-faulted-on-wars-lead-up/ .

Proportionality in War

The principle of proportionality in war is something that is hotly contested and debated. How the principle could and should apply in terms of response to military action or aggression, the incidence or possibility of civilian casualties and other things are all considerations when it comes to proportionality in war. In general terms, the argument to be made is that there should be consistence between a strike and a counterstrike. Obviously, the idea is to win whatever conflict is at hand. However, there are limits to this approach. For example, responding to a cruise missile strike with a nuclear strike is obviously not going to fly. However, there are some times where proportionality is clouded and made difficult to figure out. At the very least, it can be controversial. The dual nuclear strike on Japan during World War II is one example. The manner in which the…

Bibliography

Brown, Davis. 2011. "PROPORTIONALITY IN MODERN JUST WAR THEORY: A TORT-BASED APPROACH." Journal Of Military Ethics 10, no. 3: 213-229. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed May 5, 2017).

Case Briefs. 2017. "Public Committee Against Torture V. State Of Israel | Case Briefs." Casebriefs.Com.  http://www.casebriefs.com/blog/law/criminal-law/criminal-law-keyed-to-kadish/exculpation/public-committee-against-torture-v-state-of-israel/ .

"DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE - LAW OF WAR MANUAL." 2017. US Department Of Defense.  http://archive.defense.gov/pubs/Law-of-War-Manual-June-2015.pdf .

Eberle, Christopher J. 2016. "Rights, Goods, and Proportionate War." Monist 99, no. 1: 70. MasterFILE Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed May 5, 2017).

While so many concerned world leaders, politicians, and social services professionals have bemoaned the physical and materials consequences of the Syrian Civil War on displaced persons, there is an even greater issue at stake. This issue has largely been ignored by experts. This issue is the existential crises afflicting so many displaced people: the loss of identity. The bulk of this presentation explores the idea that if one’s present is suddenly put into a state of upheaval (as though the rug has been pulled out from under one) it can shift how solidly and lucidly one views one’s own identity. Such a state is exacerbated even further when this occurs and the future is also in limbo: it can heighten the sense of a shattered identity. Hence, this presentation will explore how these impacts of a dissociated or disintegrated identity are manifesting with Syrian refugees.
The need for immediate survival…

)

Note that the figure given in the above source corresponds with the figure of Russian military dead in Table one, which further adds validity to that table.

With regard to Germany, there are a number of disparate figures and tables. The figures given from intensive research of actual wartime and administrative documents are as follows:

Total Wehrmacht Losses, September 1, 1939-January 31, 1945: Eastern Front 1,105,987

Scandinavia 16,639 - Southwest 50,481 Southeast 19,235 - West 107,042 - Navy 48,904 - Air Forces 138,596. Total Wehrmacht 1,810,061 in the West Since D-Day (June 6, 1944), German Armed Forces Lost: Army 66,321 Air Force 11,066 Additional Total Deaths 2,001,399.

Using these monthly rates, the total Wehrmacht toll reached 2,150,000, of which 1,960,000 were killed in action.

Sorge 62)

The following extract shows the detailed way in which this information was gathered.

The German army, all through the war, maintained a monthly…

Bibliography www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=24355091

Chambers, John Whiteclay and David Culbert, eds. World War II, Film, and History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.  http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=24132278 

Divine, Robert a., ed. Causes and Consequences of World War II. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1969.

Gregorovich a.

World War II in Ukraine. Accessed November 15, 2004. http://www.infoukes.com/history/ww2/page-29.html www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37750012

This unity generally took the form of diplomatic and military opposition to the state of Israel. Egypt's leading role in the acceleration of Arab political unification would have a long-term effect of philosophically influencing such movements as the liberation front of Yasser Arafat in the Palestinean territory, and the host of other terror organizations which have waged guerilla campaigns in search of political recognition.

These examples will be relevant in discussion hereafter on the long-term effects of the conflict. In the immediate aftermath of the attack, it would become clear that these political implications were not accidental. Quite to the contrary, the Arabs understood quite well that they could not anticipate a military victory. Still, "in October 1973, Arab nations led by Egypt and Syria chose war as their instrument of policy -- their primary policy objective in waging war: to recover Arab lands occupied by Israel since the 1967…

Works Cited

Anti-Defamation League (ADL). (2005). The 1973 Yom Kippur War. ADL.org.

Ehrenfeld, R. (2002). IRA + PLO = Terror. National Review Online. Online at  http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/commentehrenfeld082102.asp 

Horovitz, D. (2005). The Iran-Hezbollah Nexus. Chicago Jewish Community Online. Online at http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:6aPKBoRz9Q0J:www.juf.org/pdf/horovitz.pdf+iran+hezbollah&hl=en

Israel 1967-1991. (2004). Israel-Egypt Peace. Palestine Facts.

The war and the years that preceded it led to the creation of social classes in our country. These classes consisted of the rich upper-class down to the poor immigrants; and each class had its own rules and regulations by which it lived. To this day, a large part of our society is based on classes. Socially, the war divided races and started what would lead to racism, bigotry, and the separation of black and whites. The war had served as a pathway to change but it would be several decades before the racial views of whites would change and allow for blacks to be treated fairly. Another thing that changed shortly after the war was women's rights. This movement paved the way for women to be considered equal and treated fairly (Ferland, 2009).

Ever since the Civil ar ended there has been great discussion over whether or not the…

Works Cited

"Civil War Overview." 2008. Son of the South. 26 April 2009



Ferland, R.W. 2009. AuthorsDen.com. 26 April 2009

Iraq War on the U.S. Economy

The current U.S. War in Iraq has become the most expensive military undertaking by the United States in the last sixty years. According to a recent study, the U.S. Treasury is paying out more money each month to sustain the war in Iraq than it did during the Vietnam War. While there is little disagreement about the actual expenses involved in the Iraq War, the opponents and the supporters of the War disagree on its actual impact on the U.S. economy. While the political left and the traditional conservatives in the country are staunchly against the Iraq war and decry its detrimental effect on the U.S. economy, the right-wing neo-conservatives consider the expense of the war worthwhile and beneficial for the U.S. In the long run. This essay takes a look at the impact of the U.S. War in Iraq on the U.S. economy…

References

Bennis, P., Leaver, E. et al. (2005). "The Iraq Quagmire." A Study by the Institute for Policy Studies and Foreign Policy In Focus. August 31, 2005. Retrieved on September 26, 2005 from  http://www.ips-dc.org/iraq/quagmire/IraqQuagmire.pdf 

Bilmes, Linda. (2005). "The Trillion-Dollar War." The New York Times. August 20, 2005. Retrieved on September 26, 2005 from  http://www.nytimes.com /2005/08/20/opinion/20bilmes.html?ex=1128052800& en=fab629af9daf9eb5& ei=5070& ex=1125288000& en=53b1099708a36c0e& ei=5070& emc=eta1& oref=login

Buchanan, P.J. (2005). "Riding the Free Trade Raft Over the Falls." The American Cause.

April 18, 2005. Retrieved on September 26, 2005 from  http://www.theamericancause.org/a-pjb-050418-freetrade.htm

Iraq War - on Iraq and the U.S.

Personal Narrative

The drums of war once again echo in my ears. I am disgusted seeing Donald umsfeld on television defending the U.S. invasion of Iraq. CNN shows old footage of umsfeld shaking Saddam Hussein's hand, made in the late eighties when the U.S. was providing know-how for Saddam to build chemical weapons. I was five years old when we left the country, but I have one clear memory of the Iran-Iraq war in the 1987. I was at my grandmother's house in Esfahan, Iran.

My grandfather was listening to the radio report on our volunteer army, fighting the evil Saddam Hussein in the name of Islam. Grandfather turns the radio up; its' a bombing raid. "Let's go," Grandfather says; we go to the basement and I hear engines roaring. My mother presses me to her bosom. The roaring gets louder; they…

References

Al-Sudani, Zuhair. "Insecurity may delay Iraq Constitution." USA Today 4 Nov. 2003.

Bearden, Milt. "Iraqi Insurgents Take a Page from the Afghan 'Freedom Fighters'." The New York Times Nov. 2003:

 http://www.nytimes.com .

Economist Intelligence Unit Ltd. (2003). "Country Profile, Iran: a concise analysis

break out of war in Afghanistan and Iraq propelled alarming forecasts about its most likely psychiatric effects. he chief of recuperation or readjustment therapy services at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) asserted that as high as 30% of soldiers deployed to Iraq may establish posttraumatic tension ailment (PSD) (Dentzer, 2003), a disorder that can arise following experience of gruesome, dangerous occasions, such as battle, natural catastrophes, and rape. PSD patients do not simply remember their injury; they reexperience it as vibrant sensory recollections (flashbacks), horror stories, and invasive ideas. hey feel reduced or small and mentally detached from the family, friends and loved ones, yet likewise stressful, cranky, and hyper-vigilant as if risk were permanently present.

Psychiatry ratified the PSD medical diagnosis in 1980, mainly in feedback to the belated awareness of its signs in Vietnam veterans whose troubles had actually long been improperly comprehended and dealt with. Undoubtedly,…

Trochim, W. (2006). The Research Methods Knowledge Base, 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: Atomic Dog Publishing.

Vogt, Dawne S.; Samper, Rita E.; King, Daniel W.; King, Lynda A.; Martin, James A. (2008). Deployment stressors and posttraumatic stress symptomatology: Comparing active duty and National Guard/Reserve personnel from Gulf War I. Journal of Traumatic Stress. Vol. 21 Issue 1, p66-74. 9p.

Yin, R.K. (2008) Case study research: design and methods. 4th ed. London: Sage Publication Inc.

Gulf War of 1991. The writer explores the history, the cause, and the war itself. The writer uses several sources to illustrate what the U.S. government bas dints decision to go to war on and how well received that decision was by the American public.

As the U.S. gears up for a probable attack on Iraq American minds turn back the hands of time to 1991 and the Gulf War. The war became nicknamed "Desert Storm" and that is exactly what it turned out to be. A storm that raged across the desert with such force it quelled any hope of defense from the Iraqi Army. Desert Storm was one of the shortest wars in history but it showed the world that the U.S. has not become a complacent party to wrongs committed by others. It demonstrated the strength and veracity by which America is capable of flexing its power…

References

Cary, Peter, Duffy, Brian (1992). A Desert Storm accounting., U.S. News & World Report, 03-16-1992, pp. 35-37.

Duffy, Brian (1993). Saddam Hussein: The Energizer bully., U.S. News & World Report, pp p. 58.

Duffy, Brian. (1992)The ground war., U.S. News & World Report, 01-20-1992, pp. 51-56.

Author not available (1992). The untold history of the war., U.S. News & World Report, pp p. 8.

deteriorating effects of wars. The line of reasoning follows the commonly used Taulmin's Model. The orks Cited four sources in MLA format.

All wars are not wrong?

The world that we live in is estimated to have the age of 5000 years plus. All wars throughout the history of the world have ended in terrible devastation and extensive destruction in terms of economic, social and political repercussions for the countries and their people (Sullivan- iley & Eisentein) [Sullivan-iley K. & Eisentein J. How are the effects of orld ar I similar to the effects of orld ar II. Retrieved February 08, 2003 at http://www.pomperaug.com/bass/a_block/kirajess/kirajess.html]

Different wars led to different end results. In some cases, the economies crashed such as the Great Depression in the United States of America after the orld ar 1 which reduced the value of the currency to mere its paper, cost of living escalated beyond human…

Works Cited

Sullivan-Wiley K. & Eisentein J. How are the effects of World War I similar to the effects of World War II. Retrieved February 08, 2003 at http://www.pomperaug.com/bass/a_block/kirajess/kirajess.html

Koeller D. The World Wars: 1900- 1989. Retrieved February 08, 2003 from: http://campus.northpark.edu/history/WebChron/World/WorldWars.html. Why World War II?. Last updated 29 Dec. 1999. The History Ring. 2 Mar. 2000.

Reynolds C. What is the Taulmin's Model? Retrieved February 08, 2003 at http://www.concentric.net/~Creyn266/COMM335/Toulmin.htm

Rather, the Union argues, Washington was ill-informed in its preparations for the campaign. Furthermore, the paper condemns Washington for seeking to force the removal of the Modocs from their native country in which they co-exist successfully with the whites.

Another example of the paper being protective of the military occurs on January 10, 1873, when the army was having little success flushing the Indians out of 'Lava Bed.' The Army cavalry was made to retreat after an attempted advance. The Union described this failed mission in a five sentence article. The last sentence of the article noted that the Army was expecting the arrival of Howitzer guns the following week. The title of the article, did not reference the failed offensive, but instead read was The Modoc War- The Howitzers Coming.

Most of the articles give daily updates as to the war. If there was any combat the previous day,…

"The Modocs: A Blundering War," Sacramento Daily Union, May 12, 1873

"Massacre of Modoc Prisoners," Sacramento Daily Union, June 10, 1873

"The Modocs," Sacramento Daily Union, June 6, 1873

Magnesium was in great demand during World War II. It was described as the wonder metal and used for incendiary munitions casings and airplane engines, frames, and other parts. The processing of magnesium is multi-step task using significant amounts of energy. In the June 1944 issue of the Desert, Lelande Quick provides the following pictorial of how magnesium is processed:

everal employees of Basic Magnesium spent much time in England learning the skills required for the above process. Ironically, the Germans assisted England in building the plant prior to war. Locating the processing plant near Hoover Dam resulted in low cost energy. When the facility was at full capacity it produced over five million pounds of magnesium nuggets per day and employed over 13,500 people. This made BMI bigger than the employee base of the Hoover Dam and BMI's weekly payroll was greater than a month's payroll at the dam.…

Sources:

Elliott, Russell R. And William D. Rowley, History of Nevada. Nebraska: University of Nebraska, 1987

Schemata, Geoff Sun, Sin and Suburbia: An Essential History of Modern Las Vegas. Nevada: Stephens Press LLC, 2010.

Quick, Lelande. Miracle Metal from Nevada Hills, Desert Magazine, June 1944, pages 10-13. Retrieve from  http://www.scribd.com/doc/2097157/194406-Desert-Magazine-1944-June 

Las Vegas Evening Review-Journal and Boulder City Journal, August 14, 1942

One of the goals of Keene's work is stated explicitly in the preface: to tell the story of the Doughboys who "remade the economic and social landscape of America," (x). While the assertion may seem outlandish, Keene does prove the case using primary source data. Moreover, the author underscores the importance of the research as helping to prevent the repetition of past mistakes. What Keene suggests is that soldiers today should learn from the courage and solidarity created in the army during World War One. The soldiers fighting for the flag in France had no official labor organizer. Although a few key figures strengthened the doughboy resolve to change military culture, no one leader emerges as a cult figure. Instead, the soldiers that dedicated their lives to their country performed a sacrifice above and beyond their call of duty upon enlisting. The doughboys endeavored to make the United States Army…

Reference

Keene, Jennifer D. Doughboys, the Great War, and the Remaking of America. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.

Narragansett warriors ambushed Captain Michael Pierce's column here
in one of the greatest victories for the Native Americans in the war."
(Pike, 1) The victories of the natives would also extend to the total
destruction and colonial abandonment of Providence as marauding native
alliances gathered the steam of righteous resistance against the Europeans.
Still, the Europeans were very effective at exploiting existing
tensions with historical roots between different native tribes.
Accordingly, "the Pequots remained allies of the English during King
Philip's ar, as did the Mohegan and the Eastern Niantic. On December 17,
1675, the Connecticut contingent that joined inslow to attack the
Narragansett included about 150 Mohegan and Pequot led by Oneco." (Pike, 1)
This would help the Europeans to turn the tide against the natives,
ultimately chasing them into a massive swamp fort where one of the most
notorious and bloody battles of the war would be fought.…

Works Cited:

Cronon, W. (1983). Changes in the Land; Indians, Colonists, and the
Ecology of New England. Hill and Wang.

Dorsey, B. (1685). Edward Randolph's Description of King Philips's War.
Swarthmore.edu.

Pike, J. (2008). King Philip's War. Global Security.org. Online a t