TSA

TSA Should it Be Removed

deadly disadvantages involved when contemplating dismantling all TSA employees and technologies -- scanners and other personally meddlesome tools -- and going exclusively with air marshals. This paper points to the several obvious disadvantages involved with simply cutting TSA out of the picture entirely and allowing passengers to board planes without carefully screening them -- in the belief that since terrorists will know there are air marshals aboard every plane they won't try to hijack commercial airliners.

The First Disadvantage to Removing TSA from Airports

Millimeter ave ScansIn the first place removing TSA entirely as a bold move to protect privacy -- and going entirely with air marshals -- is not a solution, it's a knee-jerk reaction. Removing TSA from responsibility for airport security would be politically, socially, and ethically risky. Meantime, as of July 2013, the TSA has already removed the "virtual strip search" technologies "backscatters" from most airports (Ahlers,…… [Read More]

TSA Full Body Scanners

Body Imaging

Integrating the ransportation Security Administration's (SA) newly proposed full-body scanners with its vast information systems certainly presents a difficult and arduous task. Without doubt, the extensive scrutiny of airline passengers does have its benefits, though this process also comes with some significant disadvantages. Many controversies have recently arisen involving personal privacy and health issues. While the technology is certainly innovative, the risks associated with it need to be effectively managed in order for its implementation to be successful.

he historical background surrounding the United States' implementation of full-body imaging originated from the call for increased SA intervention as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (Weisblott, 2011). However, the first plans for such devices began much earlier and the original model for this technology was actually developed in 1992 by engineer Dr. Steven Smith (Smith, 2009). Although, many subsequent developments and copyright transfers have since…… [Read More]

TSA Transportation Security Agency Specifically Airport Security

Aviation Security after 911

In recent times, airport and aviation security have become an important aspect of aviation industry. Significant changes in airport and aviation security have been witnessed after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Notable changes include new airport security procedures, implementation of advanced screening and scanning technologies. New airport security measures include arrival of passengers two hours before their flight if traveling in domestic flight and random screening of luggage. Such measures had been introduced in order to promote aviation security in order to prevent terrorist activities. Advanced screening and security were needed to combat the threat of terrorism and therefore, to avert such attacks, transportation security agency was formed during the Bush administration. The goal of aviation security is to provide maximum security and safety to air passengers and employees, to capture terrorists and to ensure that 9/11 attacks do not occur again. The goal of this paper…… [Read More]

Has TSA Physical Searches Violated Personal Privacy Laws

TSA

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, when members of al-Qaeda hijacked passenger planes and flew them into various targets in the United States, the Transportation Security Administration has aggressively expanded its surveillance and security operation, to the chagrin of privacy activists and much of the general public. This expanded surveillance has taken the form of a more aggressive No-Fly list, new scanners, and an increased use of full-body pat-downs. Although as of yet no lawsuit has successfully challenged the TSA's expanded surveillance powers, the fact remains that these powers appear to violate reasonable standards of personal privacy, if not personal privacy laws themselves. When examining the variety of procedures and devices put in place following the attacks of September 11th (and others), passenger claims of inappropriate searches, and the legislation behind some of these expanded powers, it becomes clear that the TSA has likely violated individuals' privacy…… [Read More]

Is TSA Crossing the Boundaries of American Civil Liberties

TS

Is TS crossing the boundaries of merican Civil Liberties

Transportation Security dministration (TS) is the agency of U.S. Department of Homeland Security, consisting of 50,000 security officers, inspectors, directors, air marshals and managers that cater to the nation's transportation system protection (Transportation Security dministration). Their job is to oversee the Nation's travelling public's security, by striving towards making all modes of transportation safe. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recent policies laid down by TS, how effective the past policies of the agency have proven to be and debate upon the negative and positive impacts they have had over the merican nation. Further discussion will be due on its compliance with the merican Civil Liberties Laws and whether any past or current policies laid down have crossed the limits laid down by these laws with comparison based on the timeframes discussed.

fter a series of terrorist…… [Read More]

Ethical Issues of TSA Within Airports

TSA Ethical Lapses at Airports

TSA is undoubtedly one of the most crucial jobs in the world and needs a lot of expertise to carry out. There is an implication of associated ethical aspect with the job, which is a very crucial aspect. This paper takes into consideration, the ethical function of this job and discusses, several facts associated with it.

Competitiveness is involved in almost every industry nowadays, and this making every industry tougher to survive in. Airlines industry has seen a lot of boom in the past few years (Miller). In such a competitive industry, it is however very important to survive with ethics and ethical implications. Every airline company has a set of rules which are laid, keeping in mind the ethical implications, which is for the wider benefit of the society (Miller). Ethical value is included in just about every industry these days, and this making…… [Read More]

Legality of TSA Pat Down

" (Grigg, 19) That Muslim passengers trigger these bouts of anxiety is unfortunate. The panic that is current many years after 9/11 shows that the terrorists have succeeded in terrorizing the society.

Legally search and security ought to be non-discriminatory and legal for which amendments have to be made in the law. Facility to cause an absolute search of people and cargo must be present at airports and there must be training to the personnel of the airport and flight to conduct searches within legal limits.

To Stop the Illegal Searches:

That being the present state of paranoia, the problem is likely to be enhanced with the death of Bin Laden and fear of escalated violence against U.S. targets. This would put the people into greater control and total removal of privacy rights. Earlier the mention of the impediments in the Fourth Amendment that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures must…… [Read More]

Airport Safety TSA Doing Their Job or Going Too Far

Airport Safety

Has TSA Gone Too Far?

Transportation Security Administration is one of the most important functions of national security plans as it acts as frontline which any threat to national security might face. After 9/11, this security tool has been criticized greatly for its ineffectiveness. Authorities have been devising strategies of enhancing its productivity and have been equipping it with various tools of detecting and preventing acts of terrorism. One of the recent strategies adopted by TSA is full body scanning of passengers travelling through airlines, by security officials. This particular measure has been criticized heavily by public as well as mass media as it is accused of hampering personal liberty in the name of security checks. Considering the opinions of general public and the outcomes of this practice, it is an established fact that the effectiveness of this security strategy is outweighed by the harm that it has…… [Read More]

Criminal Justice Administration and TSA Selecting and

Criminal Justice Administration and TSA

Selecting and Training TSA Inspectors

Last year, the Department of Homeland Security (2010) released a publication entitled "Transportation Security Administration's Management Of Its Screening Workforce Training Program Can Be Improved." The publication recommended that TSA could improve management of its training program by "developing and documenting standard processes to: [1] Use Officer test results to evaluate training program results; [2] Assign on-the-job training responsibilities; and [3] Evaluate workforce and training needs to ensure that officers have the tools and time necessary to complete training requirements" [brackets added] (Department of Homeland Security, 2010, p. 4). A criminal justice administrator could use the recommendations above by the Department of Homeland Security in implementing an effective program for selecting and training TSA Inspectors.

In addition, Cronkhite (2008) suggests that in hiring and training employees, the administrator must hire "a fair representation of the community for which a criminal…… [Read More]

Policy Recommendation for TSA Privatization and Collaboration

Policy Recommendation for Collaboration and TSA Privatization

The objective of this study is to evaluate the benefits of collaboration between the federal government and non-profit organizations. The study cites different examples of collaborations across the world and their achievements. Moreover, the paper investigates whether it is beneficial to privatize the TSA (Transportation Security Administration) since the organization has performed below the international standards in the last few years. Finally, the study recommends the best policy option for the MRCC (Mt. Rossmoor Community College) in order to increase the number of students' enrollment and revenue in an academic year.

In the contemporary public administration environment, public organizations are currently entering the era of collaboration where various public sectors form an alliance to address issues and challenges that hinder them serving people better. Moreover, they are entering into the collaborative ventures to protect the U.S. national and foreign interests. The public sector…… [Read More]

Persuasive Argument

SA

History of SA

On March 9, 1972, a rans World Airlines jet bound for Los Angeles took off from JFK International Airport in New York. Moments into the flight, the airline received an anonymous phone call warning there was a bomb on the flight. he aircraft returned to JFK where passengers were evacuated and a bomb-sniffing dog named Brandy was brought aboard to search. Brandy found the explosive device just 12 minutes before it was set to detonate. hat same day, then-President Nixon directed the Secretary of ransportation to use innovative means to combat the problems plaguing civil aviation. he result was the creation of a unique federal project - the FAA Explosives Detection Canine eam Program - designed to place certified teams at strategic locations throughout the nation so that any aircraft receiving a bomb threat could quickly divert to an airport with a canine team.

While technology…… [Read More]

Why Is the Main Security Program at Airports Still Ineffective

Aviation Security Since 911

How has aviation security improved since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001? hat do reliable sources in the literature say with reference to safety and security in 2015? And how effective is the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) at keeping air travelers safe? This paper covers those issues and in particular provides a number of good sources commenting on the quality (or lack of quality) displayed by the TSA employees.

Generalizations about aviation security in the Post-911 era

For most people who travel by air, the screening at the airports in 2015 is certainly more thorough than it was prior to 911, but there are continuing problems with TSA, as will be documented in this paper. But at the beginning of this paper it is worth reviewing the "Mission" of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in terms of what the U.S. Government wants the public to…… [Read More]

Security After 9 11

Countermeasures After 911

Technology

Without a doubt, September 11th changed a tremendous amount about how we live and about how safe (and unsafe) we feel. These attacks caused enormous changes and countermeasures regarding the way we travel and the way we interact with one another and the way in which we use technology. However, ever since the ten-year anniversary of 9/11 has come and gone, it begs to determine just how much we've changed in the way that we live, examining specific areas of technology, commerce and communication. Consider the following: "In spite of a doubling of the intelligence budget since 2001 to $80 billion, the creation or reorganizing of some 263 government organizations, and the formation of the $50 billion Department of Homeland Security, the government has largely fallen short, the new report notes. The report states that while some progress has been made, 'some major September 11 Commission…… [Read More]

Criminal Justice - Counterterrorism Counterterrorism

S. law. Legislation such as many elements of the U.S.A. PATRIOT ACT are problematic because they do not provide adequate controls to ensure that investigative methods and procedures appropriate under some circumstances cannot be used in circumstances where they are inappropriate under U.S. law.

4. What is the FISA Court? Explain how it works. What authorities can it grant law enforcement? How is it different from traditional courts? What concerns exist about expanding the use of FISA?

The Foreign Intelligence and Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) was established to regulate the use of surveillance by the executive branch of government in the wake of various unconstitutional investigations conducted by the Nixon administration in connection with monitoring political rivals and government opposition groups. The FISA Act authorized the covert monitoring of information and communication exchanges of entities of foreign governments engaged in espionage and intelligence collection activities in the U.S. pursuant…… [Read More]

Sociological Security the Sociological Structure

The DHS is consistent with the larger social trend on a global scale concerning institutional security measures insofar as Risley (2006) reports that "the securitization of an ever-expanding number of realms is a distinguishing feature of the contemporary political landscape." (1) This is to argue that in addition to the events such as 9/11 which can be seen as a clear catalyst to the changes in structure which have been underway since the end of 2001, there is also something of a broader sociological pattern which is reflected in the merger undertaken in the national security sector. The diminishing lines between commerce, governance and military engagement are perhaps best reflected in this parallel between the security community and the corporate world. The sociological implications are therefore rather significant in coming to understand why certain changes have been sought and in producing reasonable expectations as to what these changes may produce.…… [Read More]

Ethics and Morality Full Body

d.).

Despite the fact that full body scanners may be the most technologically advanced equipment we could realistically put in an airport, they still have their shortcomings. Full body scanners can't see inside your body. Generally, the machines also can't find items stashed in a body cavity. This means that a determined terrorist could potentially store bomb materials or weapons inside their body, specifically in their anus. Since such a low dose of electromagnetic energy is beamed inside the people who enter the scanners, the images are only skin deep. So just how drug traffickers smuggle drugs inside their bodies, terrorists could do the same but with far more dangerous materials. As America witnessed with the failed shoe bomber, it does not take a great deal of free space to hide materials that could overthrow or take a plane down. For instance, C4 explosive, which is military grade, can be…… [Read More]

Against the Expanded Use of Full-Body Scanner

Against the Expanded Use of Full-ody Scanner in Airports

Argument

The use of full body scanners in airports is a method that is too invasive because it actually produces pictures of the individual's body and as well the method is time consuming and expensive and as well there are viable alternatives available.

Support/Evidence

Cost, Risk, Passenger Inconvenience, and Privacy Concerns

Jim Arkedis a reporter for 'The Hill' relates that body scanner in 2011 cost approximately $700 million. In addition Arkedis is reports that a viable alternative is that of 'smart-screening' or construction of a security net that screens passengers for those which are potentially dangerous which would assist in "balancing risk, passenger inconvenience and privacy concerns." (2010) According to Arkedis, smart screening would further save money. Arkedis reports, "it is time to let the selectee list think for itself.

. Alternatives Exist to Combat Terrorist Acts

With technological innovation, the…… [Read More]

Air Cargo Security

Air Cargo Security

Since the events of 911, airport security has been an important issue. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA)" is responsible for ensuring the security of all modes of transportation, including cargo placed aboard airplaines and particularly focuses on passenger-carrying planes" (TSA). The TSA is part of the Department of Homeland Security. According to the latest information available, the TSA employs 620 Cargo Transportation Security Inspectors who are exclusively dedicated to the oversight of air cargo. One hundred twenty of these are canine teams. The numbers of security inspectors and canine teams has increased significantly since 2006 (TSA).

Obviously, no one wants to see another tragedy. Terrorism continues to be a threat and security measures must try to keep pace with ever-changing strategies that terrorists try to employ. There has been much in the news about passenger screening, x-ray technology, and rights to privacy. Passengers do not present the…… [Read More]

Review of a Current Homeland Security Issue That Affects the US

Transportation Security and Intrusiveness of Security Screenings

America's land, seaways, and air transportation systems are structured in such a manner that enhances efficiency and enables easy access, the two features that also at the same time make these transportation systems susceptible to attacks. The expenses and difficulty of protecting the entire transportation systems from attacks raises a critical issue for legislators and other policymakers in the government: in that how much money and effort should be utilized towards preventing attacks in the country compared to the alternative of pursuing and defeating terrorists wherever they are. While completely proofing the entire transportation sector from attacks is an almost impossible task, strategies can be formulated to significantly reduce the risk of attacks. The emphasis by policymakers should be put in coming up with the resources to build a prevention, protection, and rapid response system that can greatly reduce the likelihood and consequences…… [Read More]

ACLU Case

ACLU

acial profiling cases have always been an integral part of the American Civil Liberties Union's (ACLU) docket. Cases involving racial profiling have become increasingly high profile, if not actually more prevalent, since September 11 created mass witch hunts against Muslims and Muslim-Americans. According to the ACLU (2011), "acial profiling continues to be a prevalent and egregious form of discrimination in the United States. This unjustifiable practice remains a stain on American democracy and an affront to the promise of racial equality."

Cases involving racial profiling or accusations thereof range from those that deal with individual cases (such as drivers being pulled over for no reason other than they were black) and collective cases. Collective cases include recent ones involving an ACLU=led lawsuit against the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The lawsuit was successful, resulting in "the first time ever" that an agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security was…… [Read More]

Pipeline Security

Pipeline Security

In September 2002, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) formed the Pipeline Security Division to manage pipeline security at the federal level. The Department of Transportation also operates the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. These homeland security teams help to prevent disaster and offer protocols for response. However, pipeline security requires astute public-private partnerships. According to the TSA, virtually all of the country's critical pipeline infrastructure is owned and operated by private entities (Transportation Security Administration, "Pipeline Security"). Pipeline security is a matter of financial importance to industry stakeholders, but also integral to national security and environmental integrity.

Pipelines transport about 75% of all crude oil, and 65% of its refined petroleum products, natural gas, and other liquids in the United States (Parfomak "Pipeline Safety and Security: Federal Programs," Transportation Security Administration, "Pipeline Security"). The full extent of the pipeline network in the United States, including the pipelines…… [Read More]

Safety of Passenger Screening and Cargo

September 11, a whole new range of advanced security equipment and protocols has been put in place. However, many of these systems and procedures remain inconsistent from airport to airport. One of the most critical ways of promoting faster passenger throughput without sacrificing the main goals of security is consistency and standardization among American airports, with an ultimate goal of working more tightly with global partners to create a consistent international travel security experience. If passengers know what to expect at each airport, the screening procedures can become more streamlined. Even if shifts in global threat alerts do often change the details in the procedures, passenger throughput does not need to be adversely affected if the overall protocols and goals remain the same. It may also be important to ensure that employees receive ample time and training in using any new equipment that is introduced, and that all equipment glitches…… [Read More]

Detect Me Not Covering All the Bases in Explosives Detection

Explosives

detect me not Explosive detection: An overview

Not all explosions are created alike. In general, explosives are classified into two categories: as either low or as high explosives, depending upon their rates of decomposition. Low explosives burn; in contrast, high explosives detonate (Chapter 12, 2011, FAS). Detonation is a different phenomenon from burning. During detonation of a high explosive, the initial reaction is initiated by a shock that generates compression, heat, and finally chemical decomposition. Every component of a high explosive has its own equation of state (EOS) with a unique relationship of pressure, density, and internal energy (Walter 1996). When the temperature of a substance increases, molecules of the different components travel faster and hit the surface of the exterior of the bomb casing with greater and greater force, finally causing an explosion when the interior surface of the casing can no longer resist (Moorcraft 2001). The speed…… [Read More]

Organized Labor in U S Commercial

43 in 2009. Yet current airframe and power plant mechanics are inclined to move to the computer and automotive sector for better work environment. Analysts advised the creation and use of informational recruiting tools to attract these potential workers. in-house training programs on long-term career growth and a sense of commitment to the company would be one form. Another could be employee-retention programs on leadership, technical, and management training courses. Other tools and strategies could be flexi-time, relocation benefits and an improved work environment. Recent mergers and consolidations within the industry are meant to retain employees and serve a wide range of customers. The technology-driven industry requires mechanics with the necessary technological competence in order to provide the wide range of services required by customers. A resourceful information management system could integrate e-business tools and advanced technology into standard business practices. This integration would bring about more efficient and cost-effective…… [Read More]

Strategic Management of the U S Airline Industry After 9-11 2001

POST-9/11 Management OF U.S. AILINE INDUSTY

Strategic Management of the United States

Airline Industry after the 9/11/2001 Terrorist Attacks

Strategic Management of the United States

Airline Industry after the 9/11/2001 Terrorist Attacks

Airlines in the United States have a long, complicated history in terms of management strategy that includes alterations due to technological advances, bankruptcies, economic downturns, deregulation and even presidential intervention, but none of these forces had the power to both destroy and restructure the industry like the events of September 11, 2001.

The 9/11/01 attacks on the United States fundamentally altered the way the U.S. airline industry operated both publically and internally. One area that suffered significantly from these attacks, and brought about the need for major overhaul within the industry itself was strategic management strategies and practices within the airline industry in its entirety. The 9/11 attacks on America brought about the need for immediate change in…… [Read More]

Tourism Demand

Tourism Demand esearch & Analysis

International Tourism Demand Estimation

Demand Theory

Switzerland

Tourism Attraction Sales

Cambodia

Tourism Attraction Sales

Tourism & Employment

Suggestions

Tourism Demand

Tourism may be defined as, "The sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of tourists, business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors," (McIntosh and Goeldner, 1990, p. 4).

From the above definition, it can be seen that the development of tourism in any area involves multiple players. In addition, tourism is made of up numerous activities, services, and industries that contribute to the tourists' experience. These include the provision of transportation and accommodation; eating and drinking establishments; entertainment facilities; and shops, among others (McIntosh and Goeldner, 1990). Edgell (1990, p. 12) adds that,

"The full scope of international travel and tourism, therefore, encompasses the output of segments of many industries.…… [Read More]

Post 9 11-Security in Airports

Airport Security

Has airport security improved since 9/11/2001

There are certain historical moments which change everything: 9/11 is one of them. In addition to the seismic policy and personal effects of the tragedy, airport security and attitudes towards airport security have undergone substantial reforms. New screening methods of passengers in airports cost about $4 billion per year and security is now handled by the government in the form of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), within the Department of Homeland Security, versus the private entities which used to handle security previously for the major carriers (McClure 2005). Security has clearly grown more visible and tighter but the question arises: is it truly safer to fly in the post 9/11 world? "Before 9/11, airport security consisted of a ticket agent asking if you packed your bag yourself, if it had been in your continuous custody since you packed it, and whether you…… [Read More]

Security Concerns in Air Cargo Sector

air cargo industry experienced tremendous growth since inception because of various factors in the aviation industry, particularly the freight sector. The growth and development of this industry is evident in its current significance on the freight sector. Moreover, this industry currently accounts for huge profitability in the freight sector because of increased shipping of various packages across the globe. This increased shipping is fueled by increased interconnectedness of people and countries due to rapid technological factors.

However, the industry has experienced tremendous challenges and concerns in relation to security because of the increase of security issues and emergence of new security threats throughout the world. Some of the major security challenges or issues facing the air cargo industry include terrorism, hijacking threat, vulnerability to security breaches, and probable introduction of explosive devices. These security threats are largely brought by the development of sophisticated tools and means for criminal activities by…… [Read More]

Why Airport Searches Are Constitutional

Administrative Search Exception

Administrative Search Exemption

Administrative search exception: Why it applies to airport searches

The 'administrative search exception' has often been called the TSA's attempt to circumvent the Fourth Amendment. However, "while the new TSA enhanced pat downs may violate the Fourth Amendment on the surface, what most people are not aware of is that the 9th Circuit Court of the United States ruled on the search of passengers in airports back in 1973, which effectively suspends limited aspects of the Fourth Amendment while undergoing airport security screening" (Frischling 2010). The U.S. Supreme Court case which established the exclusionary rule as a rule of law (the idea that 'fruit of the poisonous tree' evidence obtained illegally could not be used against a defendant in a court of law) was not found to be applicable in this particular category of searches. The U.S. Supreme Court had already established in 1968…… [Read More]

Air Traffic Control Safety Issues

911 tragedy, many politicians and airline industry representatives began to search for improvements to the Airline Traffic Control system, or ATC. These improvements were deigned to increase security and safety for all flight personnel, as well as for all passengers. This paper will outline some of the changes made to the ATC systems, and will discuss the benefits of each new policy or procedure.

One of the most significant changes to ATC has been the implementation of key technology, deployed at the headquarters of NOAD, located in Colorado Springs. This technology, known as Explorer, enables the NOAD team to monitor all commercial aircraft flying across the country at any given time. Previously, the technology had been used solely to monitor for incoming missiles, or military planes (Carr and Cone, 2002). The FAA also added a staff of air traffic controllers to the NOAD base, as well as in many busy…… [Read More]

Justice and Security Free Balance in the

Justice and Security

Free Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security

Justice and Security policies have always been at the center of international politics, but their nature has changed due to the advent of nuclear weapons and their proliferation, economic interdependence, the end of the Cold War, environmental problems, technological advancements and vulnerabilities, as well as other material and cultural developments typically linked to globalization. This paper will talk about the evolution of justice security and balance rights freedoms that protect citizens a free society, respecting constitutional guarantees and individual rights. Further we will review the cumulative issues concerning the legal environment in which justice and security administration operates and also evaluates the changes in technology and mass communication that effects the justice and security areas. Last but not the least, we will talk about the issues that involved with individual rights vs. The needs of the justice system…… [Read More]

Tourette's in Children

Tourette Syndrome in Children

hat is Tourette Syndrome?

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is an inherited neurological disorder generally associated with tics. Tics are defined as either involuntary body movements, or involuntary vocal sounds that are usually repetitive. The occurrence of TS in children is about 1 of every 2000 children, with an increased occurrence in boys as opposed to girls. The syndrome itself is named for the French neurologist Dr. George Gilles de la Tourette, who diagnosed the first patient with the illness in 1885.

How do you know if you have it? (Symptoms and Diagnosis)

Diagnosis specifics vary from one source of information to the next. Some publications, such as the website for the Jim Eisenreich Foundation for Children, suggest waiting until the tics are present for at least one year, and that multiple tics must be shown - vocal and physical (though not at the same time). Other sites…… [Read More]

Luggage Transportation Curbside Check-In If

Depending on the airline involved, domestic flights may not use cargo containers for luggage but international flights generally do.

There are two logistical purposes for using the containers. First, packing individual bags into shaped containers saves space because the containers are designed to fit the internal dimensions of the aircraft cargo hold compartment. Second, the use of containers makes moving luggage around much easier than transporting luggage piece by piece, in addition to being less hard on the bags. Once the luggage containers are filled, they are transported by specialized vehicles and conveyed along a belt loading truck into the cargo hold.

Security Precautions:

There is also a third purpose for using cargo containers within the cargo hold areas: security against terrorism. Specifically, the cargo holds are designed to contain the destructive force of explosive blasts such as where a bomb inside luggage is not detected by other security processes.…… [Read More]

Naples Airport the City of

However, the reviews published by customers have also tended to shine a positive light on the personnel at the airport, nothing that the staff seems to be particularly well-tuned to the needs of passengers even during such infrequent but challenge system-wide failures.

Major success factors

Major success factors will be the reduction or outright prevention of security breaches, the retained convenience of flying, the prevention of system failures, the maintenance of schedule, the acceptance on the part of employees of changing security culture and the overall ability of the airport to remain within the parameters of federal compliance.

Major risk factors

The primary risk factor is in changing the airport's security to a reliance which is more heavily it based, with the understanding the employees must adopt the change or the overall security of the facility will be compromised.

orks Cited

Airport Fact. (2009). Naples Muni Airport (APF) Real Time…… [Read More]

How America Still Welcomes Terrorists Criminals and Other Foreign Menaces

America still welcomes terrorists, criminals, & other foreign menaces

The September 11 attacks have changed the ways Americans view the security and violence situation within their territory. Dramatic changes have been made in connection with security in the ports (land, sea and air); immigration laws; buying residency and citizenship, as well as visas. However, many experts assert that the security situation has worsened from where it had been before 9/11. Instead of reducing bureaucratic procedures and the loopholes associated with it and increasing the efficiency of the present workforce through accountability and checks and balances, the government has done exactly the opposite. This research paper is primarily focused on terrorism, and how we continue to allow it to happen to us. How the September 11 terrorists exploited U.S. immigration laws. How government officials sell residency & citizenship papers. How people from other countries are rushed through airport without proper screening…… [Read More]

Product Survey

Marketing

Coffee Cups

here are 2855 locations in NYC alone that sell you coffee cups. o list all these stores -- sometimes duplicated -- would take a volume alone. he following is therefore a summary of some key places that sell coffee cups -- otherwise called mugs, the general price of these (usually ceramic) coffee cups; the details of these coffee cups; and descriptions of outstanding logos and/or designs.

As the Huff Post New York (2012) remarks: "Coffee cups in New York are as varied as the Big Apple" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/07/13/coffee-cups-in-new-york-a_n_230644.html). For the first three decades it was the iconic polystyrene or paper Greek-themed "Happy to Serve" coffee cup that has now been converted into ceramic. In the mid-1990s, the environmentally friendly Starbucks-style cup rushed into style usually accompanied with sipping lids and cardboard sleeves. All of these are free; you paid for the drink of course. You find these cups…… [Read More]

Contemporary Challenges in Aviation Industry

Aviation and Security: Management Perspective

The globalization has made the world a smaller place with information transcending the hitherto boundaries that stopped free flow of information as well as increased travel across the world. The increased traveling due to availability of the means of travel heaped a lot of pressure on the aviation industry, especially the management to ensure that security is maintained and the commuting through the various airports and through the airspaces is seamless, safe and uninterrupted, providing convenience to passengers and goods alike. The management levels at the airports hence have a heavy task of ensuring the free flow of traffic and the following is an extrapolation of how the management can and have contributed to aviation security in general.

The management must describe and make the staff members understand the four pillars of safety within the aviation industry. Once the staff members understand these four pillars,…… [Read More]

Security System for an Airport

Airport Security System

The secure operation of the aviation system across the globe is one of the most significant factors in the security and economic development of the United States. The use of the world's airspace should also be secured because aviation has become a major target for criminals. Actually, criminals, terrorists, and hostile nations increasingly consider aviation as a major target for exploitation and attack. An example of the security threats facing this industry is the 9/11 terror attacks, which highlighted the desire and ability of enemies to generate considerable harm to the United States. Therefore, aviation security is increasingly important in order to protect the country and its citizens from such attacks. According to Federal of American Scientists (2007), aviation security is realized through combination of private and public aviation security activities across the globe. These activities are then coordinated to detect, prevent, deter, and defeat threats that…… [Read More]

Manpad Mitigation System Should Be

Airports need to also have a well-trained MANPAD threat response team that is familiar with combating MANPAD type weapons and tactics. This team needs to have the ability to respond quickly and effectively to any terrorist threat, with emphasis on MANPAD threats and attacks. Even after a MANPAD attack occurs, those in the aircraft as well as those on the ground need to understand how to respond effectively to reduce the possibility of further damage or attacks.

2 ?" Examine the issue of planning the airport of the future in terms of minimizing the MANPAD threat. It is far easier to build systems into new designs than it is to attempt to modify existing ones.

Since large airports are relatively costly and require permanent structures, it is much easier to build anti-MANPAD systems and strategies into new airports than it is to attempt to modify older, existing airports. Existing airports…… [Read More]

Homeland Security Effects of Terrorism

Beginning in October of 2005, organizational arrangements for emergency management functions on a federal level were put into place, in the reorganization begun by Secretary Chertoff.

Pros and Cons about the Homeland Security Program

There are good things about the Homeland Security Program in the U.S. A list of positives would include the fact that some safeguards must be implemented in order to keep the country safe. Local and national law enforcement efforts to this effect might keep thousands or millions of people in the U.S. from being wounded or killed. Counterintelligence efforts, legal or otherwise have turned up some plots by terrorists to wreak havoc, though the equal potential for abusing this privilege is omnipresent. Likewise, the prosecution of terrorists has instilled an awareness and deterrence of like crimes, though the potential for abuse has been raised as a legal issue. The people have come to rely on the…… [Read More]

Symbols and Dreams Interpreting Dreams

Finally, it was my turn and -- but then I woke up.

When I told this dream to a friend, he said, "Sounds like you have a bad conscience!" This was an interesting interpretation of my dream, I thought. He said that he had been dreaming the night before of snow mobiling all over the mountains and he said it had been such fun that he had not wished to wake up. I thought that he must possess a very good conscience if he could dream about such nice things.

I got to thinking about what my friend said to me, and I decided that perhaps he was not so far off the mark. Perhaps my conscience was not very clear. After all, some things had been troubling me, and I knew I had not been behaving as well as I should have. Therefore, perhaps it was not such a…… [Read More]

Limited Government Oxford Philosopher Journalist

This is where incentives come in to play. agner quotes Rudolf Hickel who distinguishes between an entrepreneurial state and a tax state (our present state of affairs). Hickel and Schumpeter both see the tax state as acting outside the normal laws of contract and property to confiscate wealth. The entrepreneurial state is just the exact polar opposite of this. Corporatist principles that have been incorporated into this system. Corporate structures were in their infancy in 1787 when the U.S. Constitution was written, hence the lack of corporatist principles (ibid, 56-57). e must now incorporate the wisdom of two centuries of follow on experience.

These corporatist principles would turn a government entity like a city into a private corporation with stockholders that would provide services. In this view, government has created some markets. It is in the market already. Therefore, for us to bring the entrepreneurial state, we need to introduce…… [Read More]

Orlando Airport Might Join Ranks of Those

Orlando Airport Might Join Ranks of Those Hiring Private Screeners

Orlando International Airport has been in the news a lot lately as they are one of several airports in the United States at the forefront of the airport scanner and security pat down issues. Most people have heard of the issue, but for those who have not, it is quite simple: increased security needs at the airport have created a need for new and improved technology, and the new airport security screeners have been implemented in response to this issue. These scanners make an image of the outline of the body, much like an X-ray. If somebody has something stashed under their clothing, the scanner would show it. There are split opinions on the validity and fairness of these scanners.

Some people are saying that the scanners are violating their rights. They say that they are near pornographic in nature…… [Read More]

Rand Paul on Immigration as

Rather than violating the rights of medical practitioners, is it not a better idea simply to break the trusts that make health care so unaffordable? I agree there should be real reform -- but we should not be satisfied with phony reform.

Rand Paul's policy on health care puts the issue in a singular light. First, he draws distinction between real health care reform and phony reform. Real reform, he states would emphasize free market economics and would allow consumers to buy health insurance from providers from a wider spectrum rather than from the artificially manipulate market that we see today. As Paul says, state and federal laws place restrictions and exactly who can buy what from where -- and this is the real heart of the problem because it allows health insurance companies to charge higher and higher premiums and places greater and greater restrictions and demands on medical…… [Read More]

September 11 2001 Terrorist Attacks

Of course, not all of the counterterrorism methods will work, and there will certainly be changes, alterations, and even the disbanding of some of the things the government has done to help prevent further attacks.

Clearly, the nation has learned quite a bit from the terrorist attacks of 9/11. The people learned the country was vulnerable to attacks never before imagined. They learned that thousands of people could die in a few minutes at the hands of terrorists, and that the borders, the cities, and even the rural areas were susceptible to attack. They learned that weapons such as biochemical agents and other poisons could enter the water and food supplies and could kill thousands, or even millions. They learned that the country has to be increasingly vigilant to protect the citizens and their way of life. They also learned that Americans could stand together with pride in the face…… [Read More]

U S Security and the Terrorist

However, just how one is supposed to recognize future threats is difficult to determine. After all, if one imagines that excessive support in intervention, arms supply, technology, and financial backing is a key factor, combined with a strong religious motivation of the recipient nation, group, or organization, Israel or at the very least the Israeli right wing may one day be as dangerous as any Islamic threat may pose today.

Although much thought can be devoted to the necessary international, political and military strategies employed by the United States as a world power, it remains clear that of foremost concern to American families is their safety at home. Of course, war is never easy, particularly for those deployed in battle, or for their families. However, when a nation is attacked on its own soil it not only faces a "real damage," but it also suffers greatly in morale (Schweitzer, 2003).…… [Read More]

Should Pilots in Commercial Flights Be Able to Carry Firearms in Cockpit

Arming Pilots

After almost four years, the United States is still feeling the effects of the September 11 terrorist attacks. The ar in Iraq continues. Despite massive security measures that have been put in place since September 11, Americans continue to be vulnerable to terrorist attack.

This paper argues that allowing trained pilots to carry firearms will help protect air travelers from similar hijackings. More important, armed pilots would constitute an important layer in the fight to keep the United States secure from terrorists and other enemies.

First of all, the move to allow pilots to carry firearms has widespread support. In 2002, for example, the Lower House voted 310-113 in favor of a bill allowing commercial pilots to signed up for a firearms training program (Sowell, 45). Polls conducted among members of the general public have shown strong support for this measure. Furthermore, many pilots have voiced a strong…… [Read More]

Sar Teams That Responded to

Personal freedoms and choice to say is all well and good, but forced evacuations should have been done and the parking lots full of empty buses prove that this can and should have been done had anyone had the temerity to do it. The state of Louisiana and the city of New Orleans should fully implement the NF/NP frameworks so as to prepare for the next storm, which will come.

Two Concerns

One issue that predates 9/11 and has gotten both better and worse since then is airport security. Some of the screening tactics and procedures engaged in by the TSA are reassuring but some of them are head-scratching. When grandmothers and infant children are being poked and prodded for bombs or weapons, that is lunacy. Israel is widely condemned for their unapologetic racial profiling, but they simply point to two facts. The first is that most airplane-oriented terrorists are…… [Read More]

Current Science Issue

Body Scanners: Are hey Safe?

Articles discussed:

anner, Lindsay, (November 18, 2010). "Gov't says full body scanners are safe." USA oday. http://www.usatoday.com/yourlife/health/medical/cancer/2010-11-18-scanner-radiation_N.htm. (Accessed 30 November, 2010)

here has been much debate over the ransportation Security Administration's airport security procedures due to the holiday travel season. Most of the recent debate has involved the invasiveness of the full-body pat down, or the detailed nature of the images taken by the new full-body scanners. But as these scanners begin to appear in more and more airports, we also need to make sure the scanners are safe for the people who pass through them, since they emit radiation.

he government insists that the new devices are indeed safe. anner, writing for USA oday, that a panel of independent experts has vouched for the safety of these devices, saying that they are not a threat as long as the radiation is kept within the…… [Read More]

Metal Detectors

METAL DETECTOS have long been mainstays of building security and concealed weapon or contraband detection in correctional institutions. The tragic events of September 11, 2001 focused more attention on the role of metal detectors, specifically in airport settings. Since assuming control of air travel security, the Transportation

Safety Administration has established more stringent uniform performance standards for all metal detectors used in U.S. airports (Fiorino). The TSA has also integrated explosive detection equipment into the passenger and cargo screening procedures, but metal detection and X-ay equipment remain the primary means relied upon by law enforcement authorities to address the increased threat of terrorism at the most likely targets. In other countries where terrorism is even more of an ongoing concern than it is in the United States, metal detectors have become a routine part of everyday life, such as in Israel where walk through metal detection equipment has been installed…… [Read More]

Counterterrorism and Intelligence Framework

Terrorism in recent years has hit an all-time high. Affecting millions of people, radical groups and organizations see terrorism as a favored tactic or approach for bringing to fruition their extreme ideological agendas both domestically and internationally. Terrorism globally chose the United States and other western countries to target in their extremist agendas. The United States government became aware of terrorist efforts after the September 11 attacks. Since then the U.S. has devoted time and resources into developing a counterterrorism and intelligence framework in order to respond to any ongoing and future terrorist attacks/activity.

Counterterrorism refers to the processes that consist of the offensive measures taken to avoid, deter, forestall, and react to terrorism. The United States regarded counterterrorism missions as distinctive operations by clandestine, undercover, or low discernibility means. Counterterrorism presently is categorized as a fundamental task for the United States government. The government has fashioned or redefined distinct…… [Read More]

What Went Wrong on 9 11

Failures

The author of this report is asked to pick out a military or terrorist attack that has occurred since the World War II era and assess it from a case study and analytical standpoint. Specifically, there will be a focus on the failures and issues that occurred before and during the event. For the purposes of this report, the author has chosen the proverbial elephant in the room and that would be the 9/11 attacks on September 11th, 2001. The author of this report will conduct this study in four major sections, those being an overview of what happened, the pre-event and event actions that occurred, the missed indicators and the lessons learned. As with any scholarly research, any sources used for this report will be cited and given credit. While preventing terrorist attacks in general is exceedingly hard, 9/11 was entirely preventable and is a sterling example of…… [Read More]

Human Rights Issues With Pre Emptive Counter Terrorist Measures

Terrorism has been a hot topic in the news for over a decade. It has impact people on an international level with countries like France, England, and the United States experiencing attacks. Currently Isis, a terrorist organization, has generated chaos in the Middle East. Government have been destabilized and peace and security jeopardized. Atrocious acts of violence have occurred from child beheadings to rapes and torture. Terrorism threatens the social and economic development of any place it affects.

Furthermore, terrorism directly affects human rights. People lose freedoms and face subjugation from regimes of terrorist organizations. All of which have negatively diminish ones enjoyment of life as well as their human rights. International, national, and regional political leaders make promises and claims that counterterrorism measures will not encroach on human rights. Former President George Bush for example, preached on preserving human rights amidst counter terrorism efforts. However, living up to these…… [Read More]

Has the Creation of DHS Had a Positive Benefit

Homeland Security

It is difficult to assess whether the creation of the Department of Homeland Security has been effective in protection national security. The most obvious issue is that there are a lot of variables at play, and "protecting national security" is a hopelessly vague concept that would have to be operationalized before making such an assessment, in any meaningful empirical way. The DHS was created in 2002 in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The prevailing sentiment at the time was that there were communication failures among different agencies that created gaps in national security, gaps that the terrorists exploited. Agencies that were rolled into DHS included the U.S. Customs Service, INS, the TSA, FEMA, the U.S. Coast Guard and the Secret Service. In that sense, DHS is an amalgam of existing resources, and the main benefit of its creation should have been improved interagency communication (DHS, 2016)

The…… [Read More]

Department of Homeland Security and

S. Customs and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services were combined to form U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Overall, DHS incorporates 22 government agencies. The major agencies of DHS are the TSA, Customs and Border Protection, Citizenship and Immigration Services, ICE, FEMA, the U.S. Secret Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard (Borja).

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) was formed on July 1, 1973 and is headquartered in Arlington, VA. Former drug enforcement related agencies are the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs and the Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement. The parent agency of the DEA is the U.S. Department of Justice. The DEA is the lead agency for domestic enforcement under the Controlled Substances Act. The DEA's primary goal is to combat drug smuggling and use within the U.S. The DEA shares jurisdiction with the FBI and ICE and shares communications systems with the Department of Defense. DEA…… [Read More]

Homeland Security & Terrorism the

S. faced during the Cold ar. And unlike in environmental and health issues, the debate on homeland security is one-sided, almost bi-partisan, both conservatives and liberals calling for gigantic security budget for homeland security and anti-terrorist activities. Friedman explains, "[b]oth parties see political reward in preaching danger. The massive U.S. national security establishment relies on a sense of threat to stay in business" ("The Terrible 'Ifs'" 38). The stakeholders financially benefitting from the colossal homeland security budget are allied with leaders of both political camps and thus are interested in perpetuating fear.

This is not, of course, to suggest that the Department of Homeland Security is unnecessary, or that there is no terrorist threat directed against the United States. The fact that terrorists were unable to strike at the United States in the American soil suggests that the law enforcement agencies have been successful in thwarting terrorist plots. It would…… [Read More]

Airports Globalization Has Impacted the

They compete with each other for business, seek to build both aviation and non-aviation revenue streams and they must also deal with enhanced security requirements. This places significant pressure on the airport sector. The response within the sector has been twofold. Some airports have become privatized, which allows major airport operators to utilize their expertise across a range of markets. The other solution is the development of public airports that serve as branches of their governments, attracting passengers and investment to the region. Both types of airports have strong, multifaceted strategic mandates and are among the vanguard of modern air transportation.

orks Cited:

Babu, V., Batta, R. & Lin, L. (2004). Passenger grouping under constant threat probability in an airport security system. European Journal of Operational Research. Vol. 168 (2) 633-644.

Barnard, B. (2010). Global air cargo revenue grows 40%. The Journal of Commerce. Retrieved November 8, 2010 from http://www.joc.com/air-expedited/global-air-cargo-revenue-grows-40-percent…… [Read More]

History of Aviation Safety Aviation

All of the transportation agencies were consolidated into one big agency -- the new Department of Transportation in 1966, establishing the National Transportation Safety Board as an agency that was independent inside of the department. This new board was also given the responsibility of determining the "probable cause" of: 1) highway accidents selected in cooperation with the states; 2) every passenger train accident, fatal railway accidents, and any railroad accident that caused significant damage; 3) big marine accidents, including any marine accident that involved a public vessel and a nonpublic vessel; 4) pipeline accidents involving a fatality or significant property damage; and lastly, 5) fatalities or major injuries that were caused by the release of hazardous materials (2004).

The creation of the NTSB showed that Congress was thinking that a single agency could come up with a higher level of safety than the individual model agencies that were all working…… [Read More]

Passenger Through-Put Time the Average

An example of the effectiveness of using this protocol can be seen at the El Al cargo terminal in angkok, Thailand during 2003. What happened was El Al security identified, an unauthorized man taking pictures of the cargo area. Once arrested by security personnel, it was determined that he was planning on launching surface to air missiles, against the airline. ("Thwarted Attack Against El Al Flight" 2003) What this shows, is that when you have specific designated areas, you can be able to identify those people who are at the cargo terminal, to cause damage / disruptions. This is because the designated areas, will force everyone who works there and is conducting business, to go through a particular set of structures / procedures. Anyone who is not following these policies would raise security concerns. At which point, the odds increase dramatically that this person will be stopped and questioned.

A…… [Read More]

Federal Telework Issues Statement and

No implementation issues are anticipated once the appropriate legislation is promulgated.

The second suggested alternative strategy is to require that federal agencies conduct mandatory telework awareness training for all federal employees and offer specific telework training for all eligible employees who wish to participate. The criteria for this strategy are that it must: (1) publicize the change effectively internally; (2)

include all eligible employees; and (3) inform federal employees how to address any difficulties encountered in applying for telework opportunities. No implementation issues are anticipated once the appropriate legislation is promulgated.

The third suggested alternative strategy is to publicize the change effectively externally to increase federal recruitment. The criteria for this strategy are that it: (1)

effectively increase public awareness of the policy; (2) provide comprehensive information sufficient to achieve its objective; and (3) exploit multiple communications media. The only conceivable implementation issue with regard to this strategy is the…… [Read More]