Underage Drinking Essays (Examples)

Similarly figures from the National Tax office also showed a 54% decrease in RTD sales while there was only a 7% increase in the sales of Spirits. These data clearly show that 'alcopops' Tax is the right way to control the growing underage alcohol consumption in Australia. [Tanya N. Chikritzhs, (2009)]

Conclusion

Australia suffers from one of the highest levels of underage alcohol consumption in the world and consequently there is high loss of life and rising health care costs. This could be attributed to aggressive marketing strategy employed by the beverage industry and the lack of financial funding for implementation of programs that encourage healthy lifestyle choices. A serious approach to the problem is of immediate concern. Creating more awareness and encouraging parental participation in healthy life style programs should be considered. From the government perspective, the excise tax regulations introduced in 2008 should certainly be welcomed as a…

Bibliography

1) Rebekah Chapman, (2007) 'The Adolescent Injury Checklist: An Investigation of Transport Related Injuries as Reported by Australasian Adolescents', retrieved Aug 25th 2010, from,  http://www.carrsq.qut.edu.au/documents/publication_028.pdf 

2) Steven J. Skov (2009), 'Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for Action', retrieved Aug 25th 2010 from,  http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/190_08_200409/sko10279_fm.html 

3) Tanya N. Chikritzhs, Paul M. Dietze, Steven J. Allsop Et.al (2009), ' The "alcopops" tax: heading in the right direction' MJA; 190 (6): 294-295

This means that alcohol is made accessible to underage persons and in this way, they start consuming alcohol at a young age. It is for this reason that the legal drinking age should not be lowered, but actually increased to reduce the chances of it being made available to those who are underage. Increasing the minimum legal drinking age to at least 25 years, like India, will go a long way in ensuring that underage drinking does not take place. Teenagers can be able to access alcohol with the help of their older friends and siblings who may be in college. This will ensure that only responsible adults will have access to alcohol. There have also been cases of increased rates of binge drinking among college age youths and the increase in the minimum legal age for drinking will go a long way in helping preventing this (Kypri et al.…

Works Cited

Atwood, T. The Consequences of Underage Drinking. 1 May. 2006. 23 Apr. 2010,



Berridge V., Herring R. And Thom B. "Binge Drinking: A Confused Concept and its

Contemporary History" Social History of Medicine 22.3 (2009): 597-607

Proposed Research Methodology:

The literature discussion here above helps to lay out the two major phases of the intended research methodology. First, it is appropriate here to identify the research hypothesis that higher than normal underage alcohol consumption patterns in Blue Mountains are the result of cultural features specific to the male adolescent experience here. This is a claim which will be supported by comparative data between underage drinking patterns in Blue Mountains as they compare to NS, Australia and the international community. Such data will be gathered through survey and focus group engagement.

The age of respondents has been identified as ranging from between 12 and 17 years, and has been selected for its high risk of underage alcohol abuse. Adolescent participants will be identified only according to age, gender and school affiliation. These will be used to draw conclusions pertaining to gender patterns, age patterns and regional causes…

Works Cited:

Black, M. (2009).Blue Mountains Youth Mental Health Study. Mountains Youth Services (MIST).Blue Mountains Youth Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Reference Group (YMISA).Retrieved: July 8, 2010 from  Http://www.bmcc.nsw.gov.au/ 

Henderson, D. (2004). National Study Links Teen's "Sense of Self" to Alcohol, Drug Use and Sex. Retrieved: July 20, 2010 from  http://www.sadd.org .

Martinic, M. & Measham, F. (2008). Swimming with Crocodiles. The Culture of Extreme Drinking. New York; Rutledge. Taylor & Francis Group

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2006). Underage Drinking. Why Adolescents Drink. Retrieved June 19, 2010 from http://www.pubs/niaaa/nih/gov

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Ross

Maste of Science, Mental Health Counseling, College, Januay, 2008

Clinical Psychology

Anticipated; Decembe, 2016

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study will be to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26…

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish…

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth

Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish…

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Alcoholism

There has been an ever increasing trend of young people getting to the habit of too much drinking. This is rampant at the point where these youth become of legal age and to majority, that acts as the go ahead to binge drinking and absolute abuse of alcohol. There are various issues that are related to excessive drinking especially among the youth. These risks are emanated as one moves from one category to another as of these categories formed by the HNS (2010);

Lower-risk drinkers -- who are the teenagers drinking between 2-3 units and are at a lower risk of causing themselves health risks in the future. However they may be exposed to injury if operating machinery, dangerous driving, risk or drowning if planning to go swimming alone without peers, babies may be affected in the womb for teenagers who get pregnant these among other minor risks.

Increasing-risk…

References

HNS (2010). The risks of drinking too much. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/alcohol/Pages/Effectsofalcohol.aspx 

Men's health (2012). 4 Strange Reasons You Drink Too Much. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://news.menshealth.com/reasons-for-binge-drinking/2012/01/21/ 

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, (2012). Underage Drinking: Why Do Adolescents Drink, What Are the Risks, and How Can Underage Drinking Be Prevented? Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm

One of those alarming physical changes is that the younger a person is when they begin drinking, even at low levels the more likely they are to become alcoholics. This change even overrides a known genetic predisposition for alcoholism. (Butler, July 4, 2006) Time forward ads regarding adult failure could be developed at a later time but again such images and concerns do not seem to sway teens. Funding for such a campaign would likely come from national and local foundations that stress clean living, and possibly from litigation funds that have been secured for healthier youth programs.

Alcohol use may begin simply as an exciting experiment, or as a way for a teen to feel a part of his or her peer group, lowering the feeling of awkwardness that often comes with the territory. Yet teen drinking can become a social disaster, that brings on extreme grief and loss.…

References

"AH shoes the best pillow when your a drunk teen and can't get up!" April, 10 2005  http://www.myspace.com/babyjenaya 

"American Academy of Pediatrics Survey of Teen Alcohol Consumption: Summary Findings,"

American Academy of Pediatrics, September 30, 1998.

 http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/aapkeyf2.htm

Teenagers: Alcohol and Drunkenness

Discuss any insights or experience you have faced with Drinking Alcohol/drunkenness.

The challenges today in living a moral life are indeed formidable. There are many obstacles and difficulties that individual teenagers face and one of those obstacles has to do with the consumption of alcohol. Many experts on child develop comment on the fact that teenagers are drinking at younger and younger ages and that there is more of a pressure to drink large quantities of alcohol. So much of this can revolve negatively on the values in place with a given teen and their peer group. If certain teenagers value rowdiness and aberrant behavior, then consuming alcohol and acting drunk and belligerent can be seen as a sign of "coolness."

How could the five aspects offer help and direction:

Open to Growth

Part of teenage drinking and drunkenness is about experimentation. Most teenagers are going…

Yes: Carla T. Main

Carla Main believes the drinking age should remain at 21, and she bases the first part of her discussion on a project called "The Amethyst Initiative," which has issued a statement calling for an official probe into the drinking laws as they now stand. The aim of the Amethyst Initiative is to have the drinking age of 21 lowered because the current laws are simply not working. Main is in agreement with the Amethyst Initiative on this point: the current laws are not working, and they should be reexamined. However, Main does not agree with the objectives of the Initiative beyond this. She explains why by laying out the history of the 21 Laws and the changes in society that have occurred since they have been in place (Main, pp. 58-59).

Main's primary issue with the arguments put forth by the Amethyst Initiative and similar groups…

References

Main, C.T. (2009). Underage drinking and the drinking age. In R. Goldberg (Ed.), Taking sides:

Clashing views in drugs and society (pp. 58-67). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

McMullen, J.G. (2006). Underage drinking: does current policy make sense? In R. Goldberg

(Ed.), Taking sides: Clashing views in drugs and society (pp. 69-81). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

On a more general note, I believe that this article presents to us what partnership is about: i.e. The synergy of collaboration, where actions can be consolidated by pooling similar partners and have similar views. Coalitions can in fact execute multi-pronged interventions that coordinate different reinforcing services, strategies, and programs (Lasker, Weiss, and Miller, 2001).

eferences

Brower, a.M., Golde, C.M. & Allen, C. (2003). esidential Learning Communities Positively Affect College Binge Drinking. NASPA Journal, 40(3), 132-149.

Brower, a.M (2008). More Like a Home Than a Hotel: The Impact of living-Learning Programs on College High-isk Drinking. Journal of College and University Student Housing, 35(1), 32-49.

Esteban, M.A. & Schafer, W. (2005). Confronting College Student Drinking: A Campus Case Study. Californian Journal of Health Promotion, 3(1), 1-55.

Garrett, M.D. & Zabriskie, M.S. (2003). The Influence of Living-Learning Program Participation on Student-Faculty Interaction. Journal of College and University Student Housing, 33(2), 38-44.

Henslin,…

References

Brower, a.M., Golde, C.M. & Allen, C. (2003). Residential Learning Communities Positively Affect College Binge Drinking. NASPA Journal, 40(3), 132-149.

Brower, a.M (2008). More Like a Home Than a Hotel: The Impact of living-Learning Programs on College High-Risk Drinking. Journal of College and University Student Housing, 35(1), 32-49.

Esteban, M.A. & Schafer, W. (2005). Confronting College Student Drinking: A Campus Case Study. Californian Journal of Health Promotion, 3(1), 1-55.

Garrett, M.D. & Zabriskie, M.S. (2003). The Influence of Living-Learning Program Participation on Student-Faculty Interaction. Journal of College and University Student Housing, 33(2), 38-44.

Instead, their main aim is to encourage increased usage of a particular brand by those who already consume alcohol, and to encourage brand loyalty. In other words, the main objective is market share. Advertisers who reach their goals gain market share at the expense of others in the same market, who lose share. The total market for the product is not increased.

Hanson uses a practical example from the United States to illustrate the reasons why advertisers do not focus on increasing the total alcohol market. He notes that the total market value of beer per year in the United States is about $50 billion. If a beer company increases its market share within this market by 1%, this would amount to a $500 million increase in sales. An increase of the total beer market by 1%, on the other hand, would mean an increase of only $50 million in…

References

ABAC (2009). Alcoholic Beverages Advertising (and Packaging) Code. Retrieved from:  http://www.abac.org.au/uploads/File/ABAC%20Code%20 (at%20November%202009).pdf

DSICA (Distilled Spirits Industry Council of Australia, Inc., 2011). Australian Alcohol Consumption. Retrieved from:  http://www.dsica.com.au/content/detail/australian_alcohol_consumption 

FARE (Foundation for Alcohol Research and Education, 2012). Alcohol Advertising. Retrieved from:  http://www.fare.org.au/research-development/community-polling/annual-alcohol-poll-2012/alcohol-advertising/ 

Hanson, D.J. (2012). Alcohol Advertising. Alcohol: Problems and Solutions. Retrieved from:  http://www2.potsdam.edu/hansondj/Advertising.html

This is when the university arranges for: providing educational, healthcare, and counseling services to all the students. The aim is to support wellness practices for the long-term health of everyone.

The establishment of conversations with teaching faculty that has resulted in model community "service learning" projects consistent with the mission of the college or university.

The drug and alcohol program supports coordination among: the students, university administration, and faculty members in different areas. As students are assisted by the faculty members to deal with different learning issues they could face. Where, they are encouraged to discuss their problems with the teaching staff or counselors, in order to receive help on: strategies and skills required to achieve success in the real world. This is significant, because we are creating different student learning projects that are a collaborative effort between: staff members and the students. This is in line with the mission…

Bibliography

Effective Strategies to Reduce High Risk Drinking. (2006). Forum On Public Policy. Retrieved from: www.forumonpublicpolicy.com/archivesum07/brinkley.pdf

Learning Reconsidered: A Campus-Wide Focus on The Student Experience. (2004). Delsuggs. Retrieved from:  http://www.delsuggs.com/articles/Learning%20Reconsidered.pdf 

Student Affairs 8. (2011). Essaytree. Retrieved from: http://*****/education-theories/student-affairs-8/

DeJong, W.. (2005). A Typology for Campus-Based Alcohol Prevention: Moving toward Environmental Management Strategies. College Drinking Prevention. Retrieved from:  http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov /supportingresearch/journal/dejong.aspx

Australian Laws for Alcohol Use

Australian Laws related to Alcohol Use

Underage drinking is a huge problem in Australia and more and more minors are having access to alcohol. This is having a big impact on their mental, emotional and physical growth as well as on the society at large. The existing laws do not provide stringent punishment to the offenders, especially those who are making it easy for underage drinkers to have access to alcohol and it is time the Government increases the punishment to make it more difficult for them to have access to it. The Government should also pass laws that will fill the existing loopholes and also provide a support system for young kids to turn to when they have emotional problems. A combination of these measures can go a long way in curbing underage drinking in Australia.

Underage drinking is a common problem in many…

References

No Author. 2010. Timely Rethink of Liquor Laws. The Advertiser (Adelaide). 21 July. p20-20.

Milne, Glenn. 2008. Alcopops Tax Warning- Young drinkers will switch to stronger wine products. The Sunday Mail (Brisbane). 18 May. P 4-4

Port, Jeni. 2008. "Is it On the Level?" The Age (Melbourne). 25 March. p1-1

Tideman, Deborah. 2006. Drinking Ban: plan to restrict teen alcohol use at home. The Advertiser (Adelaide). 20 June. p5-5

However, "a 2003 study showed that in many countries with lower minimum drinking ages, 15- and 16-year-olds are less likely to become intoxicated compared with teens in the U.S. (Roan 2008, p.3).

Opponents of lowering the law in the U.S. have increasingly used medical science to support their position, pointing out that the teenage brain is less developmentally mature than an adult brain and "younger someone starts drinking, the greater the likelihood of developing alcohol dependence" (Roan 2008, p.3). But a 2006 Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine study shows that while it is true that prepubescents who begin drinking have dramatically higher rates of alcoholism, between 18 and 21, the difference is "insignificant" in terms of how age of first use affects later consumption. "hat we ought to look at is not keeping 18-year-olds from drinking, it's keeping 13-year-olds from drinking," concluded the study (Roan 2008, p.3).

hile medical…

Works Cited

Alias, Michaela. "Lowering the drinking age would benefit young adults." The Daily Collegian.

February 2, 2009. May 31, 2010.

 http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2009/02/02/lowering_drinking_age_to_18_wo.aspx 

"College presidents seek lower drinking age." Associated Press. August 18, 2008. May 31, 2010.

Furthermore, it appeared that the consumption of alcoholic beverages among the youth increased throughout the three-year duration of the survey. In terms of the young females (in high school), the drinking path has been described as "an absolute disaster" (Fyfe, 2010). The primary explanation as to why alcopops became even more popular among the youth is given by the inability of the tax to impact the parents -- who in most cases are the very sources of alcohol. "As parents were the primary source of alcohol among current drinkers, their ongoing preference for premixed spirits may not be surprising, as it is likely that these beverages are affordable to most parents, even after the tax increase" (Fyfe, 2010).

The Australian case of the excise tax on alcopops reveals a limited efficiency in reducing binge drinking among adolescents and it is expected that the same results would be registered within the…

References:

Fyfe, M., 2010, Alcopop tax fails to curb teenage drinkers, The Age,  http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/alcopop-tax-fails-to-curb-teenage-drinkers-20100925-15rnz.html  last accessed on September 27, 2010

Mossman, S., 2008, Alcopop drinks 'fuelling binge dirnking', The Sydney Morning Herald,  http://news.smh.com.au/national/alcopop-drinks-fuelling-binge-drinking-20080327-21x5.html  last accessed on September 27, 2010

Riley, G., 2006, Price elasticity of demand, Tutor2U,  http://tutor2u.net/economics/revision-notes/as-markets-price-elasticity-of-demand.html  last accessed on September 27, 2010

Ryan, S., 2008, Alcopops binge drinking stat5istics doubted, The Australian,  http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/alcopops-statistics-doubted/story-e6frg6no-1111116519824  last accessed on September 27, 2010

Federalism

Throughout American history the power of the federal government in comparison with the states has been continually debated. This is because there is a principal known as the separation of powers. In the Constitution, this is reserving certain areas of authority for the federal and state governments. The problem is that many of these powers can often come into conflict with one another on a regular basis. As the Constitution, will provide some basic guidelines, but it will not address specific areas. To account for this, the courts are relying on individual interpretations and case precedent. This creates conflicting areas of authority, based upon the general powers that are given to the states and federal government. (Bonnie)

In the case of the federal government, this kind of conflict occurred in 1984 with the passage of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act. This law encouraged the states to raise the…

Works Cited

"Title 23." U.S. Senate, 2000. Web. 9 Mar. 2012

Bonnie, Richard. Reducing Underage Drinking. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 2004. Print.

Dangers of Alcohol Advertising

A growing body of literature shows that alcohol advertising is an important factor related to alcohol consumption among youth. Research has now established that alcohol advertisements target youth, result in increased alcohol consumption and add to morbidity and mortality. America's youth are overwhelmed with mass media messages. Today's youth is bombarded by not only apparent advertising but also hidden messages. The fact that the entertainment industry presents alcohol as a glamorization also does not help reduce underage usage. Let's face it, the message is everywhere. The fact that the alcohol industry specifically targets this demographic with enticing fruity and soda-based concoction is appalling. Today the average teen spends too much time exposing themselves to such media instead of other activities such as sports and music. Before graduating high school, students will spend about 18,000 hours in front of the television -- more time than they will…

Works Cited

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Notice to Readers: Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Motor-Vehicle Crashes -- United States, 1999-2000." MMWR Weekly 5 July 2005. .

Columbia University Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. Teen tipplers: America's underage drinking epidemic. New York, NY: Columbia University Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse; 2002.

Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. "Substance Abuse and Risky Behavior: Attitudes and Practices Among Adolescents and Young Adults." Survey Snapshot 5 July 2005.

.

Given the scale and global penetration of the Bacardi brand and its product line, it is appropriate that Bacardi should possess a visible and meaningful presence in the discussion on underage drinking and alcohol abuse. Certainly, this would be considered an appropriate measure for an organization boasting Bacardi's proliferation. According to Yahoo! Finance (2010), "the company's portfolio consists of more than 200 brands and labels, including Bombay Sapphire Gin, Martini Vermouth, Dewar's Scotch hisky, B&B and Benedictine liqueurs, and Grey Goose Vodka. Other types of spirits in its portfolio include tequila, vermouth, cognac, and sparkling wine. Serving more than 100 countries, the company operates 27 production sites around the world." (Yahoo! Finance, 1)

This accounts for the company's greatest strength, which is its enormity of scale. Though Bacardi has been in operation for well over a century, the growth potential at this scale has only really been realized in the…

Works Cited:

Bacardi & Company Limited. (2010). Bacardi Limited. Bacardilimited.com.

Gjelten, T. (2008). Bacardi and the Long Fight for Cuba: The Biography of a Cause. Viking Adult.

Hambrick, D.C. & Fredrickson, J.W. (2001). Are you sure you have a strategy? The Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), 48-59.

Mizrahi, A. (2009). Historic Bacardi Building. Urban City Architecture.

This act enlarged the labels on the cigarettes, and required that the labels on cigarettes and cigarette ads say things like,."..Cause lung cancer...may complicate pregnancy...quitting smoking now greatly reduces hazards to your health... may result in low birth weight and fetal injury." Yet despite all these attempts to educate, all the package warnings and all the public service ads, we still see that despite the millions of dollars spent on smoking prevention each year, every year sees more and more people taking up the habit, until today death from cardiovascular disease remains the number one killer in the United States, contributed in a great part by smoking. And yet we keep legislating, when then proof shows that what we are doing is not working.

Our discussion of vice-based legislation now brings us to the subject of fattening foods. In 2002, a lawyer in New York filed suit against the four…

Reference:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost-United States, 1984. MMWR 1997 46:444-51.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Federal Trade Commission Request for Comments Concerning Regulations Implementing the Comprehensive Smokeless Tobacco Health Education Act of 1986. Accessed [March 7, 2000].  http://www.tobaccolaw.org/Documents/Events/HealthCanadaNewcigarettelabellingmeasures.htm " Health Canada New Cigarette labeling Measures.

National Cancer Institute. Cigars Health Effects and Trends. Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph No. 9. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. NIH Publication No. 98-4302, 1998.

Alcohol and usiness Ethics

Introduction moral society is built on the basis of a number of unspoken, but generally agreed upon social issues. A moral society generally applies the maxim "treat others in the way you would like to be treated" and this proverb, although it's heard more frequently in the school play yard than in the corporate boardroom, should affect business decisions which affect the community at large. Some would say that operating a business within legal boundaries is not an accurate measure of an ethical business. Within the past few decades, advertising has become the focus of ethical pressure. The 'Joe Camel' cartoon character developed as a spokesperson - mascot for the camel cigarette was pulled after community outrage that the furry, cute character was likely an attempt by the company to market their addictive and destructive products to children.

A tremendous pressure has been brought to bear…

Bibliography

Carson, S. (1995) The Nature of a Moral Business Person. Review of Business, Vol. 17.

Cappel, J., and Windsor, J. (1999) A Comparative Study of Moral Reasoning. College Student Journal, Vol. 33.

Cummings, Christian. (2001) Alcopops. Fm4.org Accessed 25 March 2004. Available from: (http://fm4.org.at)

Don't join the alcopop generation (2001, May 21) U.S. News & World Report.

prohibition is a moribund idea, a strong, well-organized anti-alcohol movement marches on. Its strength lies in dozens of church, health, consumer, and citizens' groups such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving," or MADD. MADD was founded in 1980 to combat problems related to drunk driving. Since its founding, MADD has expanded its mission and vision to include issues like underage drinking and drugged driving. MADD has been instrumental in influencing state governments to raise the legal drinking age to 21 in almost all parts of the United States, and to lowering the legal blood alcohol content for driving and operating equipment. Moreover, MADD believes that advertising alcohol should be banned and their reasoning is founded on four core ideas. Because alcohol advertising targets the most vulnerable populations such as underage drinkers, encourages greater consumption of the product, and sells false beliefs, lawmakers could consider curtailing the entire practice of alcohol advertising.…

References

Advertising Standards Authority (2015). Alcohol advertising.

"Alcohol Advertising," (n.d.). Document.

Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (2015). Alcohol beverage advertising. TTB.gov. Retrieved online:  http://www.ttb.gov/advertising/alcohol-beverage.shtml 

Federal Trade Commission (FCC, 2013). Alcohol adverting. Retrieved online:  http://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0391-alcohol-advertising

Legal Age for Alcohol Consumption

Laws are established for the legal age of alcohol consumption in order to attend to the best interests of both youth and society at large. With exposure to such influences as music, television, movies, and peers, youth are under pressure to behave in certain ways and partake in certain activities to be perceived as being "cool." Alcohol consumption among young people may be seen as a way to loosen up, fit in, or even possibly as a sign of rebellion against parents, teachers, and figures of authority in general.

It is often difficult for youth to know their limits and exactly how much alcohol they can consume and yet still be somewhat "in control." This results in increased risks of alcohol poisonings, drunk driving, and in some cases death among the adolescent population. Therefore, with the well being of youth and society in mind, it…

References

Hot topic: Underage teen drinking." Website of Congresswoman Roybal-Allard. http://www/house.gov/roybal-allard/ht_underage.htm.

Statistics: Underage drinking." SADD Online. http://www.saddonline.com/stats.htm.

Survey says: Teen alcohol use on the rise." The Citizen: The 6th Area Support Group Online Newspaper 30.10 May 22, 2001. http://www.stuttgart.army.mil/community/citizen/2001/0522/surveys.htm.

Richardson, A. & Budd, T. "Young adults, alcohol, crime and disorder." Criminal Behavior and Mental Health 13.1 (2003): 5-16.

bartenders and their responsibility. Specifically it will discuss whether states and communities should hold bartenders responsible for the behavior of their patrons. Bartenders have become the butt of some very serious charges in many communities, because more and more states are holding them accountable for the behavior of the patrons they serve. However, bartenders should not be held accountable for what their patrons do after they leave the bar. Bartenders have no control over that behavior, and they have no way of knowing what patrons will do after they leave. Patrons are accountable for their own behavior, and they should act like adults and take responsibility for their own actions, rather than blaming them on someone else, like a bartender.

Bartenders, as most people know, work behind the bar, serving alcoholic drinks, to people in restaurants, bars, pubs, clubs, taverns and other locations all around the country. They often serve…

References

Buka, Stephen L., and Isolde J. Birdthistle. "Long-Term Effects of a Community-Wide Alcohol Server Training Intervention." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 60.1 (1999): 27.

Caprione, Carol Ann. Opportunities in Food Service Careers. Revised ed. Lincolnwood, IL: VGM Career Horizons, 2000.

Editors. "County Attorney Unfair to Bar Owners." Seacoastonline.com. 2009. 30 Oct. 2009.

.

Also, look into the matter of Drexel providing education about alcohol for incoming freshmen -- is there a seminar that is mandatory that gives freshmen the facts of alcohol abuse and points to helpful resources for anyone who believes they have a drinking problem?

Next, you use "drugs" over and over but you don't narrow it down. I assume you are talking about marijuana when you mention "…paraphernalia" like bongs, pipes, etc., but when you say the "first violation" and list the "consequences," what would constitute that first violation? Being caught with a joint? Or a pipe or a bong?

You don't spend enough time on the marijuana issue. hat if a student is caught with a gram of cocaine? Is that the same punishment as a joint? hat if a student has ecstasy pills in a little vial? Is that the same punishment as having some pot paraphernalia? If…

Works Cited

Molyneux, Annette J. "Promoting and Supporting the General Well-Being of the Drexel

Community." Drexel University. Retrieved March 16, 2013, from  http://drexel.edu . 2012.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. "Fall Semester -- a Time for parents to Revisit

Discussions About College Drinking." Retrieved March 16, 2013, from  http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov . 2010.

Party hosts should be held accountable when minors gain access to alcohol at their parties/events. Many states have enacted statutes that hold the hosts of parties liable for any alcohol -- related injuries that occur as a result of the hosts providing or allowing minors to drink at these parties (National Conference of State Legislatures [NCSL], 2014). These statutes include injuries to the minor in question as well as anyone else who is injured as a result of the minor getting access to alcohol at parties/events. In some states the laws are more general such that the liability is not just limited to the minor who was allowed to drink but to anyone allowed to drink to the point where they caused injury/harm/death of another person as well as any damage incurred to other people. Most of these statutes also hold hosts liable for property damage related to these circumstances…

References

National Conference of State Legislatures. (2014, March 27). Social host liability for underage drinking statutes. Retrieved on July 18, 2015 from  http://www.ncsl.org/research/financial-services-and-commerce/social-host-liability-for-underage-drinking-statutes.aspx .

National Youth Rights Association. (2015). Drinking age and alcohol laws for all 50 states.

Retrieved on July 18, 2015 from http://www.youthrights.org/issues/drinking-age/laws-in-

all-50-states/.

The children also rent decorated bikes to ride around town on for the holiday. It is a time for families to get together and celebrate with food and music and fellowship.

For a lot of families from working neighborhoods, Eid celebration also includes picnics in green areas including parks, zoos, botanical gardens and even green islands on major roads (Osama, 2004)."

Islam

Most of Egypt is Islam. Like Christians, the Islam followers trace their roots to Abraham and believe in one God who is universal. In Islam God is referred to as ALLAH which means One Universal God.

The Quran is the final revealed Word of God and provides the complete guide for human behavior. Its text was revealed directly to the prophet Muhammad between 610 and 632 C.E. Muhammad is revered by Muslims as the last of God's prophets but is not worshipped (Ahmad, 2005)."

Men and women are…

References

Ahmad, Seemi (2005)Islam in a Nutshell

 http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/islam.htm 

Carta, Joyce (2004) Egyptian Food

 http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/food.htm

e., their use of anabolic steroids (and whether they had ever been offered steroids), their involvement in power sports, appearance and eating problems, and problem behavior. Background information about the participants included their degree of urbanization, parental socioeconomic status and the region to which they belonged.

Analyses of the study's results show that the prevalence of steroid use among Norwegian youth was lower (lifetime use was 0.8% and 12 months prevalence was 0.3%) than in several other Western societies such as the U.S. (2.5% to 7%) and in Australia, Canada, Sweden and South Africa (2% to 3.5%). It also showed that AAS use was first and foremost associated with problem behavior (i.e., drug [marijuana] involvement and aggressive-type conduct problems). Its relation with power sports and appearance came in at second and third place respectively.

The study is, therefore, significant in highlighting the hitherto largely ignored area of problem behavior in…

References

Admissions before BALCO grand jury detailed." (2004, December). ESPN.com. Retrieved on November 1, 2005 at  http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/news/story?id=1936592 

Anabolic Steroid Abuse." (2000, April). National Institute on Drug Abuse: Research Report Series. Retrieved on November 1, 2005 at  http://www.drugabuse.gov/PDF/RRSteroi.pdf 

Langone, J. (1995). Tough Choices A Book about Substance Abuse. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Miller, R.W. (1987, November). Athletes and Steroids: Playing a Deadly Game. FDA Consumer, 21, 16+.

Alcohol

How effective has the legal prohibition of alcohol been in controlling crime? A recent Department of Justice Report (U.S. Department of Justice) said that alcohol was a factor in 40% of all violent crimes and accounted for 40.9% of all traffic fatalities in the U.S.A. In the last decade. ut these figures were 34% and 29%, respectively, lower than those of the previous decade. The Report further stated that arrests conducted for driving under the influence of alcohol correspondingly declined and attributed this to the establishment of the legal and uniform drinking age in the early 1980s.

Elucidating, the Report said that, approximately 3 million violent crimes occurred each year in that decade where the offenders were drinking at the time. And although arrests were made in every age group, those made on offenders below 21 notably decreased. The rate of intoxication in fatal accidents, it said, likewise went…

Bibliography

1. Abbe, Winfield. Toughening Liquor Laws Will Do Little to Sober Our Drunk Culture.

Athens Banner Herald, February 2002. (accessed 25:03:03). http://www.*****/stories/022202/let_letter4.shtml

2. Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcohol. (accessed 25:03:03). http://soc.qc.edu/aa/aager.html

3. Davis, George. Why Crime? Action Sunshine Coast Crime Prevention Program. Crime Prevention through Community Building, 2000. (accessed 25:03:03).  http://www.suncoastcentral.com/crimeprevention

Drinking lowers inhibitions, makes you feel better about yourself, makes you do things you don't really want to do. All of her drinking eventually ended up with this shy girl, too shy to even look herself in a mirror naked, blacking out after one night of drinking. She woke up, unsure of where she was and if she had sex for the first time. To this day, Koren can't remember her first kiss.

Order a drink with Koren today and she'll order some water or a soda. She's given up drinking, and written a memoir at the age of twenty-four. Already, she's forgotten a lifetime of memories, thanks to using alcohol as a social and emotional crutch. She doesn't blame her parents. Her father, she says, knew how to fix her computer but didn't know how to fix his daughter's sense of neediness, and although her parents grounded her after…

Works Cited

Zalickas, Koren. Smashed: Story of a Drunken Girlhood. New York: Viking Adult, 2005.

Handout: Questions to Ask Yourself

Is alcohol causing a problem in my life?

Have your family or friends ever complained about your drinking?

Also, a 22-44% estimate of excessive drinking is a tremendous margin of error.

Summary Article 2

Mulkern, Anne C. "Drug's Suicide Risk Prompts Warning (17 Oct 2004) the Denver Post. Section a: p. 24

While no one condones student excessive drinking as a positive societal development, the use of antidepressants for teens remains far more controversial, as does the correlation between teen suicide and prescription antidepressants. The makers of Zoloft state that adolescents commit suicide because of depression in numbers upwards of 500,000 per year -- although the difficulty of attributing suicide to a singular cause or psychological ailment, much less by the drug manufacture of an antidepressant is problematic. The statistic that 89% of doctors prescribe antidepressant drugs to adolescents for unapproved uses is from a less biased source; a Harvard psychiatrist seems more credible, although the definition of 'unapproved' or off-label is also murky. 10-11 million prescriptions were…

Juvenile Delincency in Urban Areas

Juvenile delinquency is a contemporary term for an old problem. One of the oldest relevant studies of the phenomenon was 'social disorganization' theory, which was developed by the Chicago school of sociology in the 1920's. This theory posits that there exist areas in a city in which traditional institutions have little or no control. This was studied in Chicago using a system of 'Concentric Zones' which demonstrated that most of the crime in the city occurs within certain areas that are typically associated with poverty. According to studies conducted by Shaw and McKay in the 1940's, "a preponderance of the delinquent boys lived either in areas adjacent to the central business and industrial district or along the two forks of the Chicago River, ack of the Yards, or in South Chicago, with relatively few in other outlying areas." (Jacoby, 13)

Shaw and McKay discovered a…

Bibliography

Carlin Wong. Clifford R. Shaw and Henry D. McKay: The Social Disorganization Theory. Center for Spacially Oriented Social Science. 2002.

Terence Morris. The Criminal Area: A Study in Social Ecology Routledge & Paul, 1966

Robert C. Trojanowicz, Merry Morash, and Pamela Schram. Juvenile Delinquency Concepts and Control, 6th Edition. Prentice Hall: 2000.

Walter B. Miller. The Growth of Youth Gang Problems in the United States: 1970-98. U.S. Department of Justice: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. April, 2001.

Teen Drug Abuse - Prescription or Not

Differences between nonalcoholic offspring of alcoholics (family history positive, FHP) and matched offspring of nonalcoholics (family history negative, FHN) have been identified on a variety of behavioral, cognitive, and neurological measures. Compared to FHN teens, FHP adolescents and young adults demonstrate more disturbed school careers, impulsivity, rebelliousness, and nonconformity (National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2006); poorer neuropsychological performance (Worden & Slater, 2009); and significantly lower amplitude in P300 brain waves, which are believed to measure selective attention (Cicero, et al. 2005). Further, following ingestion of alcohol, sons of alcoholics report less body sway and less subjective intoxication (Grant, et al., 2005), higher levels of flushing (McBride, 2011), and decreased P300 amplitudes when performing difficult tasks (Foster, et al., 2009).

Not all individuals with a family history of alcohol dependence become alcohol and/or drug abusers, however, and genetics alone cannot account for…

Resources

Ajzen, I. (2010). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. (2006). Youth risk behavior surveillance -- United States, 2005. MMWR 2006, 55.

Cicero, T.J., Inciardi, J.A., & Munoz, A. (2005). Trends in abuse of OxyContin and other opioid analgesics in the United States: 2002-2004. The Journal of Pain, 6, 662-672.

Drug Enforcement Administration. (2005). Prescription pain medications: Frequently asked questions and answers for health care professionals and law enforcement personnel. Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy, 19(1), 71-104.

Social Psychology

The term 'applied social psychology' is used to denote a methodical utilization of socio-psychological models, study approaches and outcomes, concepts, ideologies, and intervention approaches for comprehending or ameliorating social issues. Psychologists belonging to this subfield concentrate on comprehending and solving practical issues and coming up with intervention approaches to enhance individual, organizational and societal response to social issues. While this domain's chief concern is the generic tackling of practical and social issues revolving around the environment, education, and so forth, social psychology may also help enrich people's lives (Schneider, Gruman, & Coutts, 2012). Social psychological theories offer prescriptions to solve practical and social challenges. This paper is presented as a review of literature on social psychological theories and their generic role in resolving practical and social problems.

A key applied social psychological theory is Cognitive Dissonance, whose main premise is that an individual is driven to remain consistent…

The rules and regulations are designed to level the competition and to disrupt advantages of a country based on price and favored tax status. All of the countries in the union must abide by these tax and trade regulations. In January of 2004, Denmark and Sweden were forced to remove import restrictions on alcohol purchased for personal consumption (EPHA, 2007).

A recent decision by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) determined that the Swedes have attained a monopoly on alcohol. They are attempting to limit the general consumption and limit underage drinking in their country. Alcoholism is considered to be problematic in Sweden and lawmakers see a need to take measures to attempt to curb overall consumption of alcoholic beverages.

The effects of this decision are two-fold, when one considers the impact on expanding Olde Distillerie products to Sweden. The first affect is that this decision supports alcohol as an…

References

Celtic Whisky Campagne. 2003. History of Whisky and of Distillation (I).[Online]Available at: http://www.celtic-whisky.com/histrya.htm. Accessed 24.

European Public Health Alliance. (EPHA). (2007). *UPDATED* ECJ case on Swedish alcohol retail monopoly. [Online]. Available at: www.epha.org/a/2239Accessed 23 December 2007 [Accessed 23, December 2007].

FedEx. 2007. Czech Republic. Country Profile. [Online] Available at  http://www.FedEx.com/us/international/irc/profiles/irc_cz_profile.html?gtmcc=us [Accessed 26, December 2007].

FedEx. 2007. Ireland. Country Profile. [Online] Available at  http://www.FedEx.com/us/international/irc/profiles/irc_ie_profile.html?gtmcc=us [Accessed 26, December 2007].

Driving Drunk Dangerous

Mandatory license revocation and sentencing should be applied to all young adults who are convicted of drunk driving. In addition young adults who are found to drive drunk should be forbidden from riding in a vehicle with other young adult passengers for a period of up to one year.

Every year the number of fatalities and serious accidents that result from drunk drivers rises. There have been numerous laws enacted to combat the problem of drunk driving. None of these laws however have been directed specifically at young adults, and recent studies suggest that this population shows a growing trend toward drunk driving. Thus the aim of this paper is to argue for more severe penalties directed specifically at the young adult population, in the hopes that effective countermeasures may be established with regard to the drunk driving problem.

No one would argue that drunk driving is…

References:

Grube, J.W. & Voas, R.B. Predicting underage drinking and driving behaviors. Addiction 91:1843-1857, 1996

National Highway Safety Traffic Administration. Traffic Safety Facts 1995, Report No.

DOT HS 808-471, Washington: Department of Transportation, 1996; In Shacket, R.W. & Yu, J.

Robin, G.D. "Waging the battle against drunk driving: Countermeasures, and Effectiveness." New York: Praeger Publishers, 1991.

Clery Act

The Freedom Information Act of 2002 reported 2,351 occurrences of forcible sex offenses on campus and 1,670 in residence halls; 2,953 aggravated assaults on campus; 2,147 robberies on campus and 29,256 burglaries also on campus; and 1,098 arsons on campus in that year alone. This was the summary of campus crime statistics released by the U.S. Department of Education (Security on Campus 2004).

This document and national studies reveal the prevalence of sexual assault on both male and female college and university students. In a number of these recent surveys conducted in approximately 6,000 schools, one of four female students admitted to having been subjected to forced sexual contact or forced sexual intercourse and that 90% of them knew their offenders. At the time of assault, 75% of these male students and 55% of the female were either drunk or under the influence of drugs (Security on Campus).…

Bibliography

Clery, Connie and Howard. (2001). What Jeanne Didn't Know. Security On Campus, Inc.  http://www.securityoncampus.org/aboutsoc/didntknow.html 

Security on Campus. (2004). Campus Crime Statistics Summary.  http://www.securityoncampus.org/crimestats/index.html 

2002). What to Do If You Become a Victim of Campus Sexual Assault. Security on Campus, Inc. http://www.securityoncampus.og/victims/campussexualassault.html

United States Congress. (2001). Campus Sexual Assault Victims' Bill of Rights. Higher Education Amendments of 1992.Victim Assistance: Security on Campus, Inc.  http://www.securityoncampus.org/victims/billofrights.html

Teenage Driving

From day one, when a teenager reaches the age of 16 to 18, it has always been a dream to drive a car to school, to the mall or to a friend's house. It is at this point in time wherein driving turns into a fad rather than a skill, to impress, to flaunt and to enjoy, A usual part of adolescence. The car or any kind of vehicle becomes an accessory to a teenager caring only to his or her personal enjoyment and satisfaction. Most often, responsibilities are only secondary to an endless list of teenage pleasure and delight. The need for speed is a race against time and life. For them having to drive is an expression of freedom.

ut for the caring parents of these teenagers, here is the real score as indicated by Dr. Dale Wisely, Ph.D (2005)., Clinical Psychologist.

"...nothing you will deal…

Bibliography

Mary Carskadon, (1995-2005)Inside the Teenage Brain, Frontline

Retrieved Aug 11,2005, Website

 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/teenbrain/interviews/carskadon.html 

Childrens Hospital and Health System (2005),Teenage drivers

This is because as night club owner, you will have to deal with host of issues to include: underage drinking, noise, possible violence and drugs. All of these different situations will inevitably bring law enforcement to your establishment. (Smith, 2007, pp. 7 -- 25) This is problematic, because as a club owner you are not responsible for the actions of a few individuals. However, you do have responsibility to uphold the law and cooperate with law enforcement in achieving this objective. This means that you must be able to have some kind of people skills, in being able to work with the customers and law enforcement about these issues. In my case, seeing these situations up close and how they were successfully resolved provides me with a basic foundation for having common sense. Where, I can be able to adjust to the different challenges that could be faced when owning…

Bibliography

Owning Your Own Night Club. (2010). Faze Magazine. Retrieved from  http://www.fazeteen.com/issue03/owning_a_bar.html 

Cassovoy, L. (2009). A Look Back At History. Start Your Own Bar and Nightclub. (pp. 3 -4). Irvine, CA: Jere Calms

Smith, R. (2008). Getting Started. How to Set Up and Operate A Successful Nightclub. (pp. 7 -- 25). Iowa City, IA: Upland Publishers.

Legalizing Marijuana

Recent ballot initiatives in states like California and Oregon asking for the decriminalization of marijuana use reveals a growing public acceptance of marijuana. The perception that marijuana is not dangerous has made drug enforcement even more difficult. Indeed, the debate over marijuana goes beyond health concerns, and touches issues such as crime and privacy as well.

This paper examines the debate to legalize marijuana. The first part of the paper examines the arguments of the pro-marijuana side, focusing on those who argue that the drug can have medicinal purposes. The next part then examines the potential dangers of legalized marijuana use, both to the individual and to public health in general. In the conclusion, the paper argues that marijuana use is not a "victimless" crime. The potential dangers that marijuana present to individual and public health are best upheld by keeping marijuana illegal.

Pro-legalization arguments

Prohibitions against the…

Works Cited

Glasser, Ira. "Spotlight: Why Marijuana Law Should Matter to You." Marijuana. Louise I. Gerdes, ed. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2002.

Gottfried, Ted Should Drug Use Be Legalized? Connecticut: Twenty-First Century Books, 2000.

"Marijuana as Medicine: A Subtle Syllogism." The Economist. August 16, 1997. ProQuest Database.

Marshall, Donnie. "Drug Prohibition is Effective." Drug Legalization. Scott Barbour, ed. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000.

adults have an episode or two from their youth of which they are not extremely proud. Perhaps it involved sneaking a beer (or several beers) at a social function, or lying about one's plans for the evening to get permission to attend a questionable event. Most kids have learned the hard way on at least a few experiences -- speeding, missing curfew, or cheating on a test. Younger children are taught that taking a pack of gum from the store without paying for it is wrong, and that there are certain words on television that they shouldn't repeat in school. e accept these facts of life fairly easily; minors aren't mentally or socially equipped to know how they should behave all of the time. Children have to be taught about social mores, and teenagers test authority without considering the consequences in a way that most adults would. Lawbreaking -- whether…

Works Cited

Primary

Atkins v. Virginia, 2004, 536 U.S. 304

Case 12-285, Inter-American Court on Human Rights Rep. No 3/87 (1987)

Domingues v. State, 961 P. 2d 1279,1280, Nev. 1989

The first is the actors in the setting. The researcher will collect variables such as age and gender so as not to interfere with the natural setting of the revelers. The second category is the behaviors being carried out by these actors. These will be recorded as acts which are small units of behavior, activities which are a set of related acts and events which are a set of related acts in a sequence. The third category is the space that is occupied by these actors. This will essentially be an understanding of the setting of the underground rave. Information on ventilation, lighting, cleanliness, and setting of the underground rave will be collected. The fourth category is the arrangement of objects in the space. This will seek to collect information regarding the arrangement of tables, chairs, bars, and other items in the underground rave. The next category is the time…

References

Anderson, Tammy L. "Understanding the Alteration and Decline of a Music Scene: Observations from Rave Culture." Sociological Forum 24.2 (2009): 307-36. Print.

Aronson, E., T.D. Wilson, and M. Brewer. "Experimental Methods." The Handbook of Social Psychology. Eds. Gilbert, D., S. Fiske and G. Lindzey. 4th ed. Vol. 1. New York: Random House, 1998. 99-142. Print.

Creswell, J.W. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, 2002. Print.

Demers, Joanna. "Dancing Machines: 'Dance Revolution', Cybernetic Dance, and Musical Taste." Popular Music 25.3 (2006): 401-14. Print.

Stand Your Ground Law

'Stand your ground' laws

To inform

tand your ground' laws are extremely controversial pieces of legislation.

Attention-getter: 'A man's home is his castle.' How often have we heard this phrase? This concept is at the foundation of the right to defend yourself by using deadly force against an intruder who invades your home. However, recent laws have expanded the 'castle doctrine' and other, existing self-defense laws. Many of these new laws are called 'stand your ground' laws, the most liberal of which exists in Florida.

It is important to gain a historical perspective on 'stand your ground' laws to understand the controversy

tand your ground' laws are extremely polarizing pieces of legislation.

Credibility statement:

My interest in this topic arose during the George Zimmerman murder trial, in which Zimmerman (a member of a neighborhood watch) was accused of killing an unarmed teenager named Trayvon Martin.

Zimmerman…

References

Block, M. (2012). A history of 'stand your ground' laws. NPR. Retrieved from:

 http://www.npr.org/2012/03/20/149014228/a-history-of-stand-your-ground-law-in-florida 

Botelho, G. & Yan, H. (2013). George Zimmerman found not guilty of murder in Trayvon

Martin's death. CNN. Retrieved:  http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/13/justice/zimmerman-trial/index.html

ullying

The incidents of April 20, 1999 from Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado put bullying into a new perspective. Two students, Dylan Klebold and Ryan Harris, who were, for all intents, intelligent and well adjusted went on a killing spree. They killed and injured several members of the school including a teacher. (Rosenberg, 2000) Then they turned the guns on themselves. Their plans were grandiose. After the massacre, they intended to flee the country. Once the furor had died down, new information showed that the two students were generally reticent, withdrawn and subjected to bullying by their peers, especially the physically stronger students. Klebold and Harris were emotionally and physically abused. Isolated, they developed a hatred for their fellow students. This manifested in initial thoughts of suicide and then murder. Stories abound about bullying turned to tragedy abound. The Columbine incident was the biggest and got the most coverage.…

Bibliography

Berman, H., et al. "Sexual Harassment: The Unacknowledged Face of Violence in the Lives of Girls." The Best Interests of the Girl Child. Eds. H. Berman and Y. Jiwani. London, ON: The Alliance of Five Research Centres on Violence., 2002. 15-44.

Bleuel, Hans Peter. Sex and Society in Nazi Germany. Philadelphia,: Lippincott, 1973.

Congress. An Act Concerning Bullying Behavior in Schools and Concerning the Pledge of Allegiance. Washington, D.C: House of Congress, 2002.

Fried, S., and P. Fried. Bullies and Victims: Helping Your Child through the Schoolyard Battlefield. New York, NY: M. Evans & Co., Inc., 1996.

Michigan Liquor control commission * Please read Attached document answer questions end.

Alternative designs for distilled liquor distribution

The manufacturer could be allowed to store the liquor and deliver directly to the retailers when they place an order. The retailers would be placing orders directly to the manufacturer when their stocks decrease. Centralizing all the inventories at the manufacturer will allow the manufacturer to keep track of stock levels Chopra & Meindl, 2012.

The manufacturer would be able to identify demand of the liquor. Using this method the manufacturer is able to determine the products that are required in the market. Another method that can be used is the distributor storing the liquor and delivering to the retailer using carriers. Having multiple distributors to store the liquor ensures that retailers have a choice of where to place an order. Providing retailers with multiple places to pick or place orders increases…

References

Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2012). Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Limited.

Sjolander, R., & Kakela, P. (1988). Michigan's Mandatory Beverage-Container-Deposit Law: Economic Effects of a Public Policy on Industry Sales. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 7(ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Special Issue on the FTC / Full publication date: 1988 / Copyright © 1988 American Marketing Association), 166-184. doi: 10.2307/30000299

Mexico faces an array of drug-related problems ranging from production and transshipment of illicit drugs to corruption, violence, and increased internal drug abuse. Powerful and well-organized Mexican organizations control drug production and trafficking in and through Mexico, as well as the laundering of drug proceeds. These organizations also have made a concerted effort to corrupt and intimidate Mexican law enforcement and public officials. In addition, the geographic proximity of Mexico to the United States and the voluminous cross-border traffic between the countries provide ample opportunities for drug smugglers to deliver their illicit products to U.S. markets. The purpose of this study was to develop informed and timely answers to the following research questions: (a) How serious is the trade in illicit drugs between Mexico and the United States today and what have been recent trends? (b) How does drug trafficking fund terrorist organizations in general and trade between Mexico and…

References

Delaware fact sheet. (2014). Friends of Narconon, International. Retrieved from http://www.friendsof narconon.org/drug_distribution_in_the_united_states/delaware_drug_facts/delaware_fact

sheet/.

Drug threats in Wilmington. (2014). Drug Enforcement Edu.org. Retrieved from http://www.

drugenforcementedu.org/delaware/wilmington/.

Computer games have lamentably been kept to such niche, and exist under a false essence as being immature and a waste of time. While, beyond any doubt, there are in fact whimsical/childish computer games out there, that doesn't imply that there aren't mature, engaging and worthwhile video games out there; just because there are childish films and TV programs out there it does not detract from the more quality shows. y and large, narrative and games share a couple of characteristics; however games are a little different niche due to their interactivity and simulation. Additionally, the improvement of game has demonstrated that stories are only a part of the game. They do not form the key element of game, they help the need to keep games interesting and entertaining[footnoteRef:2],[footnoteRef:3]. Narrative too is kind of representative because it lacks the interactivity and the limitations inherent in using stories and the experience…

Bibliography

"Next Level." Next Level. http://gamedev.dmlive.co.nz/page/12/.

Aarseth, Espen J. Cybertext: perspectives on ergodic literature. JHU Press, 1997.

Aarseth, Espen. "A narrative theory of games." In Proceedings of the international conference on the foundations of digital Games. ACM, 2012.

Barker, Sammy. "Review: Beyond: Two Souls (PlayStation 3)." Push Square. October 8, 2013.

Juvenile Delinquency Is Associated With Parenting Factors Through Social Control Theory

Interventions that involve life-course unrelenting offenders should place emphasis on remedial social abilities, for them to have a chance to decrease their frequency of offence in future, and to tackle conduct disorder problems. Interventions involving teenage-onset offenders should, wherever applicable, tackle issues relating to parenting, alcohol/drug misuse, and anti-social friends. Keane, Krull and Phythian (2008) define self-control as the extent to which a person is susceptible to temptation. According to them, lack of self-restraint or self-control is a fairly universal and stable characteristic, accounting for individual discrepancies in deviant, reckless, and criminal conduct. Youngsters' parents are usually blamed for their kids' delinquent behavior. Some courts go as far as penalizing parents for their kids' antisocial actions. It is believed that weak self-control develops during early childhood, when one's family is the most central socializing agent. Therefore, lack of self-restraint…

References

Apel, R., & Kaukinen, C. (2008). On the relationship between family structure and antisocial behavior: Parental cohabitation and blended households. Criminology, 46, 35-70.

Asher, A. J. (2006). Exploring the relationship between parenting style and juvenile delinquency. Department of Social Studies and Family Work. Faculty of Miami University.

Baron, S. W. (2003). Self-control, social consequences, and criminal behavior: Street youth and the general theory of crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 40(4), 403.

Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescence competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11, 56-95.

Army Substance Abuse Program, in terms of the program's history, its employment requirements, and the rationale behind them. It looks at various jobs within the hierarchy of this program, from the commanders responsible for implementing the program on the level of installations or garrisons, to the trained personnel taking urine samples. By way of demonstrating the utility of the continued education requirement even for the personnel collecting urine, the paper notes the existence of such widespread willingness to deceive testing, and then reviews recent peer-reviewed studies with potential relevance for successful implementation of Army Substance Abuse Program theories, curricula, and policies.

Introduction

The Army Center for Substance Abuse Programs was first established in 1971 in response to a law requiring the Secretary of Defense to identify, treat, and rehabilitate members of the U.S. military determined to be dependent upon alcohol or illicit drugs; similar legislation followed to require the same…

References

Lande, R.G.; Marin, B. (2009) Biomarker characteristics of alcohol use in the U.S. Army. J Addict Diseases 28: 158-163. DOI:10.1080/10550880902772506

Larson, M.J.; Wooten, N.R.; Adams, R.S.; et al. (2012). Military combat deployments and substance use: Review and future directions. J Soc Work Pract Addict 12: 6-27. doi: 10.1080/1533256X.2012.647586

McFarling, L.; D'Angelo, M.; Drain, M.; et al. (2011). Stigma as a barrier to substance abuse and mental health treatment. Military Psychology 23: 1-5  http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2011.534397 

Milliken, C.S.; Auchterlonie, J.L.; Hoge, C.W. (2007). Longitudinal assessment of mental health problems among active and reserve component soldiers returning from the Iraq War. JAMA 298: 2141-2148 doi:10.1001/jama.298.18.2141

SUMMARY:

The ranking by the College and University Review of MU as the #1 "party school" is an irresponsible action because it causes students to have distorted ideas about the school, such as expressed by Janie Adams who believes the ranking is a good thing.

A recent study has concluded that the kind of attitude expressed by Ms. Adams is widespread and it seems the numbers bear this out because 72% of college students have admitted to using alcohol at least once a month and 84% have admitted to using alcohol during the past year (Schultz, 2006, p. 98).

The mother of a college-aged son who died because of using alcohol on campus has admitted that she would have had second thoughts about sending her son to the school.

Following a recent meeting at MU, President Harrison created an Alcohol Awareness Task Force made up of students whose task was…

3. As Spinello points out, the role of the government related to regulating the Internet is an expansive question (2003, p. 1).

4. According to Heller (1998), the secret of successful team leadership is to match the skills of team members to the task they are required to perform (p. 1).

5. As Palloff and Pratt relate, the creation of an electronic learning community is dependent upon collaboration and the promotion of interdependence (1999, p. 1).

There is also real indication to depict that declining supply and drinking time could assist in solving the binge drinking, as resulted in Finland, Sweden and Norway. (Lords Hansard text, 2005) Moreover, the Interim Analytical eport indicates that increasing amounts of consumption has been coupled with the increase during the last 25 years in accessibility. It continues to visualize that applications for on-licenses of alcohol have enhanced by 145% over the last two decades. The connection between enhanced accessibility and harm is in someway recognized. But despite suggesting for the regulations on this enormous expansion in supply, the 2003 Act makes the alcohol industry depend on a 'voluntary social responsibility scheme'. The Government is profoundly pressurized by the alcohol industry that promotes income as well as jobs. Therefore, any approaches that are not agreeable to or threat the profit of the alcohol industry have been discarded. Those related to the…

References

Drummond, Colin. D.2004. An Alcohol Strategy for England: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

Alcohol & Alcoholism, 39(5), pp.377-379.

Goodacre, S. 2005. The 2003 Licensing Act: an act of stupidity? Emergency Medicine Journal, 22(1), p.682.

Ghodse, Hamind G. 2005. Addiction at Work: Tackling Drug Use and Misuse in the Workplace.

Teenage Drinking

How can the trend toward increased alcohol consumption in teenagers be reduced? The answer to this critical societal question is being addressed by a number of researchers. It is believed that advertising offers a potential explanation for the rise.

In 1999, the .S. Federal Trade Commission called for the alcohol industry to modify its practices in order to limit underage exposure to alcohol advertising (Federal Trade Commission [FTC], 1999). According to a report by the Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth (CAMY, 2002), however, the industry may not have responded. According to guidelines announced in September 2003 by the Beer Institute and the Distilled Spirits Council of the nited States, underage youth should not constitute more than 30% of the audience for alcohol advertisements. The Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth (CAMY) at Georgetown niversity recently found that more than 25% of the radio commercials that aired for…

U.S. Federal Trade Commission (1999). FTC Reports on Industry Efforts to Avoid Promoting Alcohol to Underage Consumers (FTC Press Release). Available:  http://www.ftc.gov/opa  / 1999/9909/alcoholrep.htm. Retrieved: November 20, 2002

US Newswire (2003) " African-American Youth Overexposed to Alcohol Advertising, According to Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth." 1066.

US Newswire ( 2003) "Hispanic Youth Exposed to More Alcohol Advertising Than Non-Hispanic Youth, Report Finds." 1008.

36). Thus, such research could also generate results which point to the truths of human words and actions of parents that contribute to healthy and unhealthy relationships with alcohol. In this case, these findings would not be as the result of numbers, but would be as the result of uncovered viewpoints and perspectives verbalized by the participants.

Potential Questions:

Which parenting style (authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, uninvolved) in the Jewish community (Ashkanas, Hasidic, Sfardy) connects most strongly with college freshman (18-26) alcohol abuse and alcohol maturity?

How do offspring's perspectives on their parents' parenting styles impact their relationship with alcohol as it manifests during college years in the Jewish community?

How do parenting styles characterized by warmth and attentiveness impact children's consumption of alcohol in the college years in the Jewish community?

How do parenting styles characterized by high expectations, structure and rigidity impact children's relationship to alcohol during college years…

References

Balter, L. (2000). Parenthood in America: An Encyclopedia, Volume 1. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.

Benson, J.B.; Haith, M.M. (2009). Social and Emotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood. San Diego: Academic Press.

Cohen, D., & Rice, J. (1997). Parenting Styles, Adolescent Substance Use, and Academic Achievement. Journal of Drug Education, 199-211.

Houghton, E., & Roche, a. (2001). Learning About Drinking. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.

If this is the idea that we convey here today what is going to stop the imposition of regulations in other areas of the State's social and economic life just because Congress feels that there might be a relationship to highway use or safety. In the end this is going to allow Congress to effectively be able to regulate almost any area of a State's social, political, or economic life on the theory that use of the interstate transportation system is somehow improved. The bigger question is whether or not this infringement upon the State's rights, which have been afforded to them by the Constitution, is going to stop with this or are we going to see it spill over into other areas. I feel that setting this precedence is only going to open the door for further abuses and violations of the State's rights as they have been given.…

One recent study examined victim impact statements and their ability to reduce repeat offenses of drunk driving (ojek, 1999).

The study looked at those who had been arrested and convicted of drunk driving in which an accident occurred. It examined those who had been rearrested after being in attendance for a victim impact statement program and compared them to those who had been rearrested but had never been exposed to a victim impact statement program.

The study concluded that those who had been exposed to a victim impact statement with regard to their offense had a lower rearrest rate than those who had not heard victim impact statements.

The study examined the results of those who did not receive victim impact statements and found that legal punishment was often the only consequence of driving while under the influence (ojek, 1999).

By contrast, VIPs address the emotional component of the DUI…

References

BADOVINAC, K. (1994)The effects of victim impact panels on attitudes and intentions regarding impaired driving. J. Alcohol Drug Educ. 39 (3): 113-118, 1994.

BRAITHWAITE,(1989) J. Crime, Shame and Reintegration, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1989.

FORS, S. AND ROJEK, D. (1997) DUI offenders' reactions to a required victim impact panel intervention, Athens, GA: University of Georgia, 1997, unpublished report.

Mejeur, Jeanne (2003) Still driving drunk: strict drunk driving laws don't do much good unless they are vigorously enforced. From: State Legislatures

I'd nearly been killed by a repeat drunk driver and I was mad enough to climb into that squad car and make sure the driver got a lesson he wouldn't soon forget.

I was taken by ambulance to a local hospital for x-rays, my truck was totaled, and to this day the drunk driver or his parents have never reached out and said "sorry our son nearly killed you..." And "are you alright?" Instead there are the disclaimer letters from some high priced attorney outfit; the drunk driver's Dad is a judge. Nice; and the rules of justice bend for the killer he keeps in his house.

This is a true story and it makes you realize that drunk drivers really are killers; they murder people indiscriminately and with arrogance. The CDC (2006) states that male drivers are nearly twice as likely than female drivers to be intoxicated with a…

References

CDC (2006) - National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Center for Disease Control. September 7, 2006

Howat P, Sleet D, Smith I. (1991) - Alcohol and driving: is the.05% blood alcohol concentration limit justified? Drug and Alcohol Review 1991;10(1):151-66.

California Department of Motor Vehicles (2006) - Accessed from the California DMV site on October 16, 2006:

 http://www.dmv.ca.gov/pubs/hdbk/pgs73drinkcostchart.htm