The main values apparent in the presentation of the facts and brief analysis of underage drinking that this article provides are an assessment of community and state-wide needs, including both social and fiscal elements. Little (almost no, actually) discussion is given to addressing the issues that the individuals engaged in underage drinking might contend with that could possibly lead to their drinking. The problem in the article's perspective is one of larger social damage created by the behavior of underage drinking, rather than the underage drinking itself or underlying social/familial/individual problems of which drinking might imply be symptomatic. Though this is certainly a valid perspective to take on a national and statewide level, it might not be the most effective vantage point from which to address the problem of underage drinking.

In general, the article provides an adequate overview of the issue of underage drinking, yet it refrains from suggesting an…...

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth
Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish college students…...

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references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Drinking in Australia
Skeleton Brief

Trends in Underage Drinking

As children age the risk of alcohol use increases dramatically and by 16-years of age most have consumed alcohol within the last 30 days (Figure 1; owland et al., 2014).

Percentage of school-aged children in the state of Victoria who consumed alcohol within the last 30 days (adapted from owland et al., 2014).

Dangers of Underage isky Drinking

The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW, 2011) has defined risky drinking as the consumption of large amounts of alcohol within a short period of time (p. 75). The risks associated with risky drinking include damage to the gut and brain, cancer, psychological problems, physical injury, unsafe sex, illicit drug use, addiction, and legal problems.

isk Factors

Pitkanen (2006) reviewed the research literature concerning risk factors for underage drinking and found that most fit into two categories: (1) Family and (2) socio-emotional (Table 1).

Table 1.

isk factors for underage drinking…...

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References

AACAP. (2011). The teen brain: Behavior, problem solving, and decision making. Retrieved from  http://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/docs/facts_for_families/95_the_teen_brain_behavior_problem_solving_and_decision_making.pdf .

ACT for Youth. (2002). Research facts and findings: Identity formation in adolescence. Retrieved from  http://www.actforyouth.net/resources/rf/rf_identityformation_1102.pdf .

AIHW. (2011). Young Australians: Their Health and Wellbeing 2011. Cat. no. PHE 140. Canberra: AIHW. Retrieved from  http://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=10737419259 .

Brechwald, W.A. & Prinstein, M.J. (2011). Beyond homophily: A decade of advances in understanding peer influence processes. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1), 166-79.

Autobiographical)
Subtopic 1: Ethical Problems

Description of Concrete Experience: Those of us who work in high school education know that, day-to-day, ethics is a main area of concern. Obviously there are some ethical issues that are purely school-related -- like copying a homework assignment, or cheating on a math test. These are against the rules of academics, but they are not illegal. However, when ethical issues in a high school environment venture into a territory that involves violations of the law, those of us who work in high schools can sometimes feel out of our depth. This is what happened to me, when I had to confront issues related to widespread underage drinking in the inner-city high school where I work. However, although this was an experience that was part of my job, a large portion of this experience took place when I was off the time-clock in my actual workplace…...

Similarly figures from the National Tax office also showed a 54% decrease in RTD sales while there was only a 7% increase in the sales of Spirits. These data clearly show that 'alcopops' Tax is the right way to control the growing underage alcohol consumption in Australia. [Tanya N. Chikritzhs, (2009)]
Conclusion

Australia suffers from one of the highest levels of underage alcohol consumption in the world and consequently there is high loss of life and rising health care costs. This could be attributed to aggressive marketing strategy employed by the beverage industry and the lack of financial funding for implementation of programs that encourage healthy lifestyle choices. A serious approach to the problem is of immediate concern. Creating more awareness and encouraging parental participation in healthy life style programs should be considered. From the government perspective, the excise tax regulations introduced in 2008 should certainly be welcomed as a step…...

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Bibliography

1) Rebekah Chapman, (2007) 'The Adolescent Injury Checklist: An Investigation of Transport Related Injuries as Reported by Australasian Adolescents', retrieved Aug 25th 2010, from,  http://www.carrsq.qut.edu.au/documents/publication_028.pdf 

2) Steven J. Skov (2009), 'Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for Action', retrieved Aug 25th 2010 from,  http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/190_08_200409/sko10279_fm.html 

3) Tanya N. Chikritzhs, Paul M. Dietze, Steven J. Allsop Et.al (2009), ' The "alcopops" tax: heading in the right direction' MJA; 190 (6): 294-295

This means that alcohol is made accessible to underage persons and in this way, they start consuming alcohol at a young age. It is for this reason that the legal drinking age should not be lowered, but actually increased to reduce the chances of it being made available to those who are underage. Increasing the minimum legal drinking age to at least 25 years, like India, will go a long way in ensuring that underage drinking does not take place. Teenagers can be able to access alcohol with the help of their older friends and siblings who may be in college. This will ensure that only responsible adults will have access to alcohol. There have also been cases of increased rates of binge drinking among college age youths and the increase in the minimum legal age for drinking will go a long way in helping preventing this (Kypri et…...

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Works Cited

Atwood, T. The Consequences of Underage Drinking. 1 May. 2006. 23 Apr. 2010,

Berridge V., Herring R. And Thom B. "Binge Drinking: A Confused Concept and its

Contemporary History" Social History of Medicine 22.3 (2009): 597-607

Proposed Research Methodology:

The literature discussion here above helps to lay out the two major phases of the intended research methodology. First, it is appropriate here to identify the research hypothesis that higher than normal underage alcohol consumption patterns in Blue Mountains are the result of cultural features specific to the male adolescent experience here. This is a claim which will be supported by comparative data between underage drinking patterns in Blue Mountains as they compare to NS, Australia and the international community. Such data will be gathered through survey and focus group engagement.

The age of respondents has been identified as ranging from between 12 and 17 years, and has been selected for its high risk of underage alcohol abuse. Adolescent participants will be identified only according to age, gender and school affiliation. These will be used to draw conclusions pertaining to gender patterns, age patterns and regional causes for consumption…...

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Works Cited:

Black, M. (2009).Blue Mountains Youth Mental Health Study. Mountains Youth Services (MIST).Blue Mountains Youth Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Reference Group (YMISA).Retrieved: July 8, 2010 from  Http://www.bmcc.nsw.gov.au/ 

Henderson, D. (2004). National Study Links Teen's "Sense of Self" to Alcohol, Drug Use and Sex. Retrieved: July 20, 2010 from  http://www.sadd.org .

Martinic, M. & Measham, F. (2008). Swimming with Crocodiles. The Culture of Extreme Drinking. New York; Rutledge. Taylor & Francis Group

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2006). Underage Drinking. Why Adolescents Drink. Retrieved June 19, 2010 from http://www.pubs/niaaa/nih/gov

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth
Ross

Maste of Science, Mental Health Counseling, College, Januay, 2008

Clinical Psychology

Anticipated; Decembe, 2016

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study will be to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic…...

mla

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth
Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish college students…...

mla

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

Paenting Style Influence on Excess Alcohol Intake Among Jewish Youth
Clinical Psychology

The health hazads that ae associated with adolescent alcohol use ae well documented, and thee is gowing ecognition among policymakes and clinicians alike that moe needs to be done to addess this public health theat. The pupose of this study was to examine the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish college students in the United States. The study daws on attachment theoy, social leaning theoy, and a paenting style model as the main theoetical famewoks to evaluate the effects of diffeent paenting styles on alcohol consumption levels among Jewish adolescents to develop infomed answes to the study's thee guiding eseach questions concening the elationship between peceived paenting style and excess alcohol use of male, Jewish, college students aged 18-26 yeas, the elationship between academic achievement and the alcohol use fequency of male Jewish college students…...

mla

references to gender.

Scoring: The PAQ is scored easily by summing the individual items to comprise the subscale scores. Scores on each subscale range from 10 to 50.

Author: Dr. John R. Buri, Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 2115

Summit Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105.

Source: Buri, J.R. (1991). Parental Authority Questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Social Assessment, 57, 110-119

The Drinking AgeIs it fair that the legal drinking age in the U.S. is 21 when it is lower in other counties? There is much debate surrounding the legal drinking age in the United States. Some argue that it is unfair that the drinking age is 21 when it is lower in other countries. Others maintain that the drinking age should remain at 21 in order to protect the safety of young adults. There are a number of valid arguments on both sides of the issue. Proponents of a lower drinking age often point to European countries where young adults are legally allowed to drink at a younger age (Toomey). They argue that this allows young adults to learn how to drink responsibly in a controlled environment. However, opponents of a lower drinking age argue that alcohol consumption can interfere with brain development in young adults. They also point to…...

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Works CitedSaylor, Drew K. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"Heavy drinking on college campuses: No reason to change minimum legal drinking age of 21.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" Journal of American college health 59.4 (2011): 330-333.Toomey, Traci L., Carolyn Rosenfeld, and Alexander C. Wagenaar. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"The minimum legal drinking age: History, effectiveness, and ongoing debate.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" Alcohol Health and Research World 20.4 (1996): 213.

Alcoholism
There has been an ever increasing trend of young people getting to the habit of too much drinking. This is rampant at the point where these youth become of legal age and to majority, that acts as the go ahead to binge drinking and absolute abuse of alcohol. There are various issues that are related to excessive drinking especially among the youth. These risks are emanated as one moves from one category to another as of these categories formed by the HNS (2010);

Lower-risk drinkers -- who are the teenagers drinking between 2-3 units and are at a lower risk of causing themselves health risks in the future. However they may be exposed to injury if operating machinery, dangerous driving, risk or drowning if planning to go swimming alone without peers, babies may be affected in the womb for teenagers who get pregnant these among other minor risks.

Increasing-risk drinkers -- this…...

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References

HNS (2010). The risks of drinking too much. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/alcohol/Pages/Effectsofalcohol.aspx 

Men's health (2012). 4 Strange Reasons You Drink Too Much. Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://news.menshealth.com/reasons-for-binge-drinking/2012/01/21/ 

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, (2012). Underage Drinking: Why Do Adolescents Drink, What Are the Risks, and How Can Underage Drinking Be Prevented? Retrieved February 22, 2012 from  http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm

One of those alarming physical changes is that the younger a person is when they begin drinking, even at low levels the more likely they are to become alcoholics. This change even overrides a known genetic predisposition for alcoholism. (Butler, July 4, 2006) Time forward ads regarding adult failure could be developed at a later time but again such images and concerns do not seem to sway teens. Funding for such a campaign would likely come from national and local foundations that stress clean living, and possibly from litigation funds that have been secured for healthier youth programs.
Alcohol use may begin simply as an exciting experiment, or as a way for a teen to feel a part of his or her peer group, lowering the feeling of awkwardness that often comes with the territory. Yet teen drinking can become a social disaster, that brings on extreme grief and loss.…...

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References

"AH shoes the best pillow when your a drunk teen and can't get up!" April, 10 2005  http://www.myspace.com/babyjenaya 

"American Academy of Pediatrics Survey of Teen Alcohol Consumption: Summary Findings,"

American Academy of Pediatrics, September 30, 1998.

 http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/aapkeyf2.htm

Teenagers: Alcohol and Drunkenness
Discuss any insights or experience you have faced with Drinking Alcohol/drunkenness.

The challenges today in living a moral life are indeed formidable. There are many obstacles and difficulties that individual teenagers face and one of those obstacles has to do with the consumption of alcohol. Many experts on child develop comment on the fact that teenagers are drinking at younger and younger ages and that there is more of a pressure to drink large quantities of alcohol. So much of this can revolve negatively on the values in place with a given teen and their peer group. If certain teenagers value rowdiness and aberrant behavior, then consuming alcohol and acting drunk and belligerent can be seen as a sign of "coolness."

How could the five aspects offer help and direction:

Open to Growth

Part of teenage drinking and drunkenness is about experimentation. Most teenagers are going to drink at some point,…...

Yes: Carla T. Main
Carla Main believes the drinking age should remain at 21, and she bases the first part of her discussion on a project called "The Amethyst Initiative," which has issued a statement calling for an official probe into the drinking laws as they now stand. The aim of the Amethyst Initiative is to have the drinking age of 21 lowered because the current laws are simply not working. Main is in agreement with the Amethyst Initiative on this point: the current laws are not working, and they should be reexamined. However, Main does not agree with the objectives of the Initiative beyond this. She explains why by laying out the history of the 21 Laws and the changes in society that have occurred since they have been in place (Main, pp. 58-59).

Main's primary issue with the arguments put forth by the Amethyst Initiative and similar groups is the…...

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References

Main, C.T. (2009). Underage drinking and the drinking age. In R. Goldberg (Ed.), Taking sides:

Clashing views in drugs and society (pp. 58-67). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

McMullen, J.G. (2006). Underage drinking: does current policy make sense? In R. Goldberg

(Ed.), Taking sides: Clashing views in drugs and society (pp. 69-81). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

1. The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Physical and Mental Health

The physiological effects of alcohol on the liver, brain, heart, and other organs
The psychological consequences of alcohol abuse, including depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment
The link between alcohol use and chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and stroke

2. Alcohol Consumption and Social Behavior

The role of alcohol in social interactions, including its effects on communication, mood, and aggression
The impact of alcohol consumption on relationships, family life, and work performance
The social consequences of alcohol abuse, such as domestic violence, child neglect, and crime

3. Alcohol Policy and....

Thesis statement: The detrimental effects of underage drinking on society's health, safety, and future necessitate stronger legislation and educational initiatives to prevent and combat this pervasive issue. Suggestions for enhancing the thesis statement:
1. "Underage drinking poses serious risks to individuals, families, and communities, calling for comprehensive strategies to address this widespread problem effectively."

2. "To address the far-reaching consequences of underage drinking on public health and safety, urgent measures are essential, including stricter laws and targeted prevention efforts."

3. "Efforts to curb underage drinking must prioritize the well-being of younger populations and society as a whole, underscoring the need for robust interventions and....

Understanding the Complexity of Underage Drinking: A Comprehensive Analysis of Causes, Consequences, and Prevention Strategies

Underage drinking poses a significant public health concern, impacting the physical, mental, and social well-being of our youth. To effectively address this issue, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted factors that contribute to underage drinking and the wide-ranging consequences it can have. Moreover, exploring evidence-based prevention strategies is paramount to mitigating the prevalence of this behavior and safeguarding the health and future of our young people.

Causes of Underage Drinking

Environmental Factors: Exposure to alcohol-promoting environments, such as homes or communities where....

The thesis statement for a cause and effect essay on underage drinking can be: The increasing prevalence of underage drinking can be attributed to multiple factors, including peer pressure, accessibility of alcohol, and inadequate education, and it results in detrimental consequences on physical and mental health, academic performance, and social relationships. To strengthen this thesis statement, consider including specific statistics or data to emphasize the significance of the issue. You could also elaborate more on the long-term effects of underage drinking on individuals and society as a whole. Additionally, offering potential solutions or interventions to address this problem could make your....