Workplace Safety Essays (Examples)

1) Background of OSHA and Objectives
The US Department of Labor spearheaded the establishment of Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) in 1970 with the desire of creating as a safe workplace for American laborers. Having being ratified in 1971, the main goal was to ensure that employers provided safe working environments and employees could get compensation for injuries within the working environment. The formation was influenced by the rising case of lead and asbestos exposure to workers in the 1960s and 70s. Presently, employees can visit OSHA as an agency to register their complaints whenever they feel that their employer has violated the provisions of the OSH Act. On their part, business owners and HR managers in the United States strive to ensure that they abide by the OSH Act guidelines. The agency (OSHA) enforces regulations geared towards ensuring that workplaces safer and healthier for employees. OSHA can…

References
Bratton, J., & Gold, J. (2017). Human resource management. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Conlin, M. (2007). Do Us A Favor, Take A Vacation. Bloomberg. Retrieved Nov. 16 2017 from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-05-20/do-us-a-favor-take-a-vacation
Labaton S. (2007). OSHA Leaves Worker Safety in Hands of Industry. The New York Times. Retrieved Nov. 16 2017 from http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/25/washington/25osha.html?
Price, A., & Price, A. (2011). Human resource management. Andover: Cengage Learning.
Roberts B. (2002). HR Tech: Matching Talent with Tasks. SHRM. Retrieved Nov. 16 2017 from https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/news/hr-magazine/pages/1102hrtech.aspx
Storey, J. (2007). Human resource management. London: Thomson.

Safety and Heath in it Environments

Applied Business esearch: The need for Safety and Health Standards in Hazardous Working Environments in the Information Technology

Businesses including IT firms are flooded with IT tools like microcomputers, photocopiers, digital surveillance tools, internet, among others. There is mounting evidence from a review of literature that in the IT work environment, especially the IT industry, present hazardous working environments to workers. Workers in these environments also undergo stress from the lack of knowledge of the tools, the lack of, or reduced human contact. Information technology tools also create electrical and fire hazards, which threaten the safety of employees. Employees also suffer from health issues like bleary-eyes from bright screens and monitors of IT tools. The research proves the need for increased safety and health measures in these environments. In the end, the research creates knowledge in the business community of the importance of increased…

References

Fraihat, H.M. (2003). Taxonomy and remedy of work hazards associated with office information systems. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 3(1), 127-127.

Information Resources Management Association (1994). Managing Social and Economic Change with Information Technology. Proceedings of the Information Resources Management Association International Conference, May 1994. IDEA Group Publishing.

Jones, L.K. (1996). A harsh and challenging world of work: Implications for counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development: JCD, 74(5), 453-453.

Koreneff, I. And Sims-McLean, K. (2005). Excel. Glebe, NSW: Pascal Press.

Any organization that deals directly with petroleum-based products, including storage facilities, will be affected by the act. The act also provides for Area Contingency Plans in case of emergency. The Pollution Prevention Act aims to reduce pollution "through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw materials use," ("Pollution Prevention Act"). Recycling programs fall under the Pollution Prevention Act; therefore, organizations might be required under this law to participate in large-scale recycling programs. Moreover, the Pollution Prevention Act is designed to curb source pollution, so the act applies especially to organizations that are potential polluters. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act applies especially to storage of toxic waste. The act will pertain to employees of waste management facilities or of any organization that must dispose of its waste material in an environmentally sound and legally authorized way.

orks Cited

About EPA." 2005. Online at http://www.epa.gov/epahome/aboutepa.htm.

Clean ater Act." Online at http://www.epa.gov/region5/water/cwa.htm.…

Works Cited

About EPA." 2005. Online at  http://www.epa.gov/epahome/aboutepa.htm .

Clean Water Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/water/cwa.htm .

Endangered Species Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/esa.htm .

Freedom of Information Act." Online at  http://www.epa.gov/region5/defs/html/foia.htm .

Workplace Injury

educing workplace injury requires a multifaceted approach, and requires responsibility on the part of employees and managers. I am frequently called upon to move, lift, or manipulate objects. Most of the time this behavior is in accordance with my job description, and I was offered some basic safety training and guidelines when I was hired to perform the job. However, the details of each procedure were not offered in the training. As a result, we only received general guidance, such as how to bend our knees when lifting heavy objects. Issues related to workplace environment and ergonomics remain woefully ignored by senior management. Moreover, there is no ongoing training to remind personnel of their role and responsibility in preventing workplace injury. I have witnessed many of my colleagues do things that are not according to recommended procedure, thereby causing injury.

Management is often able to prevent workplace injuries,…

References

Center for Behavioral Safety (2010). Proactive safety: How to reduce workplace injuries by 50%. Retrieved online:  http://cbsafety.com/2010/06/07/proactive-safety-how-to-reduce-workplace-injuries-by-50/ 

McFarlin, K. (n.d.). How to reduce workplace accidents with employees. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved online:  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/reduce-workplace-accidents-employees-10979.html 

McLaughlin, M. (2011). Reducing workplace injuries begins with effective training. HR.com. Retrieved online:  http://www.hr.com/en/app/blog/2011/09/reducing-workplace-injuries-begins-with-effective-_gt4s02nh.html

1. What are the leading causes of death in the United States?
Accidents are considered to be the fourth leading cause of death after heart disease, cancer and strokes.

2. When the overall cost of an accident is calculated, what elements make up the cost?

The elements making up the cost of an accident are lost wages, insurance administration, medical expenses, motor vehicle damage, fire-related losses, and indirect costs.

3. What are the five leading causes of accidental deaths in the United States?
Motor vehicle, poison, falls, drowning, and fire-related accidents.

4. What are the leading causes of death in the United States of people between the ages of 25 and 44?
Motor vehicle, poison, falls, drowning, fire-related accidents, heart, and cancer disease.

5. Explain how today’s rate of accidental work deaths compares with the rate in the early 1900s.
Per a population of 100,000, accidental work deaths have reduced…

Given that the single fatality, that occurred in 1990 cost the company an increase of 7% in workers compensation insurance premiums which over the long run has been a substantial cost and individual falls have since cost the company significant time and production loss as well as other increased in premiums, related to injuries and simply as increases have occurred. Finally, the initial fatal fall cost the company a 4 million dollar benefits claim to the family of the employee and $1.7 in litigation and attorneys fees. Additionally, the settlement was mitigated by the attorneys, who managed to reduce the claim for pain and suffering significantly and calculated the remainder based on the lifetime earning potential of the individual at his current salary. It is unlikely that such mitigation would occur in every case, and the cost of a trial would be exponential if a reasonable settlement had not been…

References

Block, R.N., Roberts, K., & Clarke, R.O. (2003). Labor Standards in the United States and Canada. Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.

Department of Labor (U.S.) (2008) "Fall Protection"  http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/fallprotection/index.html 

Karoly, L.A., & Panis, C.W. (2004). The 21st Century at Work: Forces Shaping the Future Workforce and Workplace in the United States / . Santa Monica, CA: Rand.

Leigh, J.P. (1995). Causes of Death in the Workplace. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

workplace injuries can be complex, involving multiple variables and a minimal amount of concrete evidence to support the claims of either worker or company. This case is one such case where the testimony of the workers contradicts the testimony of the company. esolving this case will be difficult, but ultimately, evidence can be gathered to show that (a) the company was aware of a faulty safety guard and covered up their knowledge; (b) the company was unaware of the faulty safety guard but the manufacturer of the machine was; (c) the manufacturer was unaware of the faulty safety guard and this is the first incident in which a worker was injured using the equipment.

Explanation of the Issue or Problem

There are several interrelated issues and problems in this case. First, it is not clear whether the injured party, John Schmidt, and his coworkers are members of a labor union…

References

Business Management Advisory (1997). Product liability. Retrieved online:  http://www.ntma.org/uploads/general/IN14.pdf 

United States Department of Labor (n.d.). Machine guarding. Retrieved online:  https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/machineguarding/

OSHA and EPA are the only federal agencies protecting the safety and health of the U.S. public. While, OSHA concentrates on issues of workplace safety, EPA on the other hand, has a wider scope. The two have different legal authority: EPA applies to offsite effects while OSHA is for on-site effects. In the aviation industry, the hazard evaluation team is obliged to assess the hazards, likely to affect the environment or public offsite. Suitable employee protection measures are likely to imperil the public (Smith & Kriebel, 2010).

In the aviation sector, the joint OSHA team identifies various hazards expected to be addressed by the hazard communication standards of OSHA. They entail hazards posed by jet fuel vapors, commercial cleaning agents and combustion de-icing chemicals, bi-products, medication and compressed oxygen present in emergency medical kits. Workers are likely to be exposed to cleaning agents as they are used by airline cleaning…

References

Breyer, S.G. (2014). Breaking the vicious circle: Toward effective risk regulation. Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.: Harvard Univ. Press.

Robson, M., & Toscano, W. (2007). Risk assessment for environmental health. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Smith, T.J., & Kriebel, D. (2010). A biologic approach to environmental assessment and epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press.

Leadership

Friedman, Stewart D. 2002. "Leadership DNA: The Ford Motor Story.(Ford Motor Co.'s leadership training policy)."

Training & Development, March.

In this article, Friedman describes an innovative leadership program instituted at Ford Motor Company. It is designed to identify employees with leadership potential, help the company stay competitive, and pull the leaders of the company together to make changes that will allow the company to change and keep up with changing times. It also serves the purpose of speeding up the development of executives, and communicates the beliefs and practices (what Friedman calls "culture") throughout the company.

In addition, the program has the goal of making the company more environmentally and socially sensitive, and this includes the executives in this program, who include some sort of social program in what they do.

Interestingly, the program does not build in any extra time for the people who enroll in it. It…

Bibliography

Nagel, Liza, and Brown, Sheri. 2003. "The ABCs of managing teacher stress." The Clearing House 76:5, May/June.

Nelson, J. Ron; Roberts, Maura L.; and Ohlund, Barbara J. 2001. "Sources of Occupational Stress for Teachers of Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders." Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, Summer.

Pretrus, Teodor and Kleiner, Brian H.

2003. "New developments concerning workplace safety training: Managing stress arising from work." Management Research News 26:6, pp.

Workplace Safety

Safety within the workplace is a central issue that Occupational Safety and Health Authority hold with the highest consideration than any other matter within the workplace that can potentially affect the employees. OSHA has in place lucid rules and regulations guiding the safeguarding of the employees safety within organizations. There are various initiatives taken by organization to ensure that there is safety within the workplace. egardless of the safety initiative taken, employees should feel free to report any illnesses or injuries in the workplace if not then the entire workforce will be at risk. With a sound safety program in place there will be a reduction of accidents at the workplace. This paper will hence concentrate on the issue of workplace safety, its application and the different approaches that both the employees and the employers can always put into practice in order to ensure safety of the employees…

References

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health & Safety, (2014). Back Injury Prevention. Retrieved May 8, 2014 from  http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/ergonomics/inj_prev.html 

Copeland, J. (2012). Safety Incentive Programs-pros and cons. Retrieved May 8, 2014 from http://arbill1.web11.hubspot.com/arbill-safety-blog/bid/166165/Safety-Incentive-Programs-Pros-and-Cons

Green, C. (2012).Best Safety Practices for the Workplace. Retrieved May 8, 2014 from  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/safety-practices-workplace-782.html 

Healthy Working Lives, (2010). Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Retrieved May 8, 2014

Workplace Injuries

Injuries at workplace

The problem of injuries at workplace has been a challenge to eradicate from many workplaces. There have been significant steps taken to reduce the injuries and increase the employee general safety through the stiff stipulations put by the OSHA and their subsidy programs like the Voluntary Protection Program (VPP). They set safety standards that should be followed within the workplace and carry out regular inspection of the premises to ensure the safety standards are upheld (United States Department of Labor, 2013).

However, there are several cases of injuries that are still experienced within the workplace. Fred Manuele (n.d:51) indicates that most of the injuries experienced at work are manifest in situations that are unusual and non-routine work, in non-production activities, and where sources of high energy are present. These claims are true and the conclusion was based on a research that was conducted among 1,200…

References

Fred Manuele, (n.d:51). Advanced Safety Management Focusing on Z10 and Serious Injury

Prevention.

United States Department of Labor, (2013). Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

Retrieved February 18, 2013 from  http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/vpp/index.html

Workplace Poster for a oland etail Company

Workplace Poster for a Sears Holdings Corporation

isk of staff theft poster

The following is a typical illustration of the Sears Holdings Corporation poster that warns against theft and vandalism of the products and services within the company. In order to ensure n equitable safety of the products and services within the retail company, the management team has come up with a lethal facet of model of managing the available avenues of resisting any occurrence of theft. The poster is a general demonstration of the warning that is against any form of theft within and outside Sears Holdings Corporation. Service management is a lucrative feature that often ensures safety and strength if the available avenues of production. In order to have a sound avenue of securing the sustenance of customers in the market, a given protocol must be observed. This protocol is supposed…

References

Dempsey, J.S. (2010). Introduction to private security. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage

Learning.

Gardner, D. (1998). Using ICT in history: A teacher's resource guide. Cheltenham: Stanley

Thornes.

Safety Audit

Acme Fireworks is facing tremendous challenges which are similar to growing businesses. This occurs when firms need to adjust with increasing demand and expand their operations. During this process, they must examine their business model and determine if it is economically viable moving forward. In this case, the company is currently organized as a sole proprietorship.

Fireworks are known to be deadly products. This is because a flame is ignited and travels into a tube filled with gunpowder. Even those who are exercising extreme caution, have the possibility of becoming injured from debris or being too close to the explosion. In these cases, there is a likelihood of death or the person receiving extensive injuries. This is problematic, as it exposes Acme Fireworks to potential litigation from these challenges. (Okrent, 2014)

At the heart of these challenges, are potential work safety issues. This is because the company is…

References

Guide to Developing Environmental Management Systems. (2014). EPA.gov. Retrieved from:  http://www.epa.gov/ems/implement.html 

Damali, N. (2006). Environmental Management Systems. Business Strategy and the Environment,17, (1), 30 -- 45.

Delmas, M. (2006). Greening the Supply Chain. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 18, 117 -- 122.

Deming, W. (2000). Out of the Crisis. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

9. Supporting organizational teams provides employees with a medium to discuss concerns and problems as well as an opportunity to help discharge emotional pressure. Sharing in a group serves as a catharsis and stress release system.

10. Guarantying employees have the freedom to work effectively as well as ensuring they sense their work contributes to a greater purpose decreases workplace stress (Raitano and Kleiner).

Secondary Prevention

hen implementing secondary prevention method, the organization moderates the stress response. Some ways the organization may apply these strategies include:

1. Aerobic exercise and weight training as well as other physical fitness techniques and/or sports opportunities help monitor the body's adverse reactions to stress.

2. Providing access to relaxation training can contribute to reducing workplace stress. hen the individual participates in exercises like deep breathing and engages in mental imagery; focusing on a relaxing environment, this helps enhance his moods and permit him to…

WORKS CITED

Noblet, Andrew and Anthony D. Lamontagne. "The role of workplace health promotion in addressing job stress." Health Promot. Int. 2006 21: 346-353. Oxford Journals. 9 Aug.

2010 .

"A Positive approach to workplace stress; This world-renowned researcher explores anxiety at work and how support systems can alleviate it.(Shelley E. Taylor)(Interview)." Gallup

Management Journal. Gallup Organization. 2007. HighBeam Research. 9 Aug. 2010

Workplace Harassment

Policy Introduction

The way that a society treats its criminals is indicative of the moral character and worthiness of that society. While it is easy for us to ignore and disregard the criminals amongst us by leading them to prison and throwing away the key, an important lesson is lost in this disregard for the human experience. In California the intolerance of violent crime and action has led to the development of the Three Strikes Law, which was implemented in 1994. As a policy maker I am firmly opposed to this law as I find it to be inhumane, impractical, excessively expensive and carried out in poor taste with a snobbish attitude towards those of us who have temporarily lost our way. A new policy is needed that can help address the important facts and details particular to the State of California and its unique needs.

Prisoners are…

References

Batabyal, A. (2014). It's time to rethink three strike and similar laws. Rochester Business Journal, 3 Jan 2014. Retrieved from  http://www.rbj.net/article.asp?aID=205046 

California Courts, The Judicial Branch of California (nd). Viewed 2 Feb 2014. Retrieved from  http://www.courts.ca.gov/20142.htm 

Cohen, D. (2013). Latest FBI Crime Statistics Released. Right On Crime, 20 Sep 2013. Retrieved from  http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/inside-the-criminal-mind/201104/do-prisons-really-make-offenders-worse 

Egelko, B. (2013). Prop. 36 3 Strikes Change working lawyers say. 9 Sep 2013. Retrieved from  http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Prop-36-s-3-strikes-change-working-lawyers-say-4800057.php

Workplace behaviors reflect a combination of individual personality and the environmental context. We each have a personal schema about ourselves, others, and social norms (Arvinen-Muondo, n.d., p. 4). My perceptions of situations frequently influence the way I react to specific situations. Often, I misinterpret the words or actions of others and have learned the importance of gaining clarity through clear communications. Unfortunately, clear communication is not always possible in an organization like mine, in which there is an organizational hierarchy in spite of its being a small company. Ours is a small private ambulance service, and I serve as a medic. We are the core personnel and yet often medics are treated with less respect than they could be. As Duggan (n.d.) points out, unfamiliar or ambiguous situations tend to trigger stress and difficulties communicating in the workplace.

One behavior I have exhibited strictly due to my perception of ambiguity…

References

Arvinen-Muondo, R. (n.d.). Perceptions, making decisions, and people management.

Bigelow, L. (n.d.). Examples of workplace perception and conflict issues. Retrieved online:  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-workplace-perception-conflict-issues-13097.html 

Duggan, T. (n.d.). Organizational behavior perceptions and attributes. Retrieved online:  http://smallbusiness.chron.com/organizational-behavior-perceptions-attributes-10835.html

Occupational Health and Safety in Catering Industry in Hong Kong

Occupational Safety and Health

The incidence rate of workplace accidents in the catering industry in Hong Kong is higher than that of other sectors, even those associated with inherently high risk to workers. Despite corrective action within the catering industry, the accident rate remains stubbornly high. This research identifies causal factors in occupational accidents in catering companies and delineates effective strategies that can be emulated by catering businesses in Hong Kong in efforts to reduce their accident rates and worker injuries.

Hong Kong is known for its international cuisine and, characteristically, a high number of restaurants -- many offering catering services -- exist in the city. Yet, the polished environments of the dining areas of world-class restaurants contrast greatly with the restaurant kitchen and backroom workspaces. The catering industry in Hong Kong attains extraordinarily high rates of accidents and has,…

References

Bailey, K. (1994). Methods of social research, (4th ed.) New York, NY: The Free Press.

Denscombe, M. (2007). The good research guide for small-scale social research (3rd ed.). Open Up Study Skills. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill International. Retrieved http://valsci-edu.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/9/1/2791482/

the_good_research_guide.pdf

Dyer, J.G, Schatz, I.M., Rosenberg, B.A., and Coleman, S.T. (2000, January). Constant comparison method: A kaleidoscope of data. The Qualitative Report, 4(1/2).

Sociology

The Impact of Workplace Sexual Harassment on Employees and Employers

Sexual Harassment (SH) is a subject that has made its way into the normative, professional lexicon. SH used to be a topic that was not taken seriously because it was a part of the workplace environment that was normal and was not subject to punitive consequences, though there are occasions that are exceptions to the rule. SH is a subject that must be taken seriously by every employee or member of an organization. SH is a subject that must be taken seriously on the individual level and on the organizational level. SH directly affects fundamental aspects of a place of employment, no matter the industry. Prevalent, pervasive, and even sporadic SH in the workplace serves as a destructive force from within and from without.

There is no workplace environment that exists that will never have one instance of SH.…

References:

Houle, Jason N., Staff, Jeremy, Mortimer, Jeylan T., Uggen, Christopher, & Blackstone, Amy. "The Impact of Sexual Harassment on Depressive Symptoms During the Early Occupational Career." Society Mental Health, Vol. 1, No. 2, 89 -- 105, 2011. Available from:  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3227029/ . 2014 January 10.

Jackson, Robert A. & Newman, Meredith A. "Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace Revisited: Influences on Sexual Harassment by Gender." Public Administration Review, Vol. 64, No. 6, 705 -- 717, 2004.

Lim, Sandy, & Cortina, Lilia M. "Interpersonal Mistreatment in the Workplace: The Interface and Impact of General Incivility and Sexual Harassment." Journal of Applied Psycholgoy, Vol. 90, No. 3, 483 -- 496, 2005.

Lim, Sandy, & Cortina, Lilia M. "Personal and Workgroup Incivility: Impact on Work and Health Outcomes." Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 93, No. 1, 95 -- 107, 2008.

Environmental Crimes and Health and Safety Law Violation

With the current changes in weather patterns, strange climatic conditions and other uncontrollable natural disasters, there has been a lot of attention directed towards the environment and the way people may be contributing to the degradation of the environment in small ways that is summed up results into the disasters that we see on daily basis. The environment is becoming unpleasant on an increasing trend each and every day, this is a cause to worry about for each government that cares to see the consequences of our careless handling of the environment.

There are also man's contribution to the insecurity that surrounds us on a daily basis since people no longer care for the safety of the workers that work in their industries and sadly to some extent, some don care even about themselves and the safety that may be protecting their…

References

Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Republic of South Africa, (2012). Stepping up

Enforcement Against Environmental Crimes. Retrieved April 4, 2012 from  http://www.environment.gov.za/Services/booklets/Environmental/EnviroCrimesEMI.pdf 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (1998). Final Guidance for Incorporating

Environmental Justice Concerns in EPA's NEPA Compliance Analyses Retrieved April 4, 2012 from  http://www.epa.gov/compliance/ej/resources/policy/ej_guidance_nepa_epa0498.pdf .

IAMAW Views on Safety

The response of the American people to the terrorists attacks of 9/11 was felt one of compassion and resolve. Almost all Americans were associated in one or other manner in assisting the Nation come out of the dangerous impacts and become strengthened. It was curious to witness the way some hurried into the burning building and saving lives of their fellow workers, friends and strangers. While many measures have been undertaken to safeguard the security of Americans and continuance of the way of life, the workers confront stringent security policies on the job and sometimes loss of civil rights. (Worksite Security: IAM Headquarters)

The International Association for Machinists and Aerospace Workers -- IAM& AW as well as other institutions are watchful of the legislation and presidential orders against possible violation of bargaining and civil rights. They found the workplace security to be more embarrassing to the…

REFERENCES

"Contact Lens Use in a Chemical Environment" (11 July, 2005) Retrieved from  http://www.iamaw.org/content.cfm?cID=4866  Accessed 16 September, 2005

'Ergonomic, OSHA and EPA Update" (April/May, 2003) Trade Winds. Vol: 51; No: 2.

Retrieved from http://www.iamll1781.org/pdf/tradewinds/aprilmay03.pdf

Accessed 17 September, 2005

Whatever the needed equipment is the company should provide the best possible so that the employees have a reduced chance of accident.

In addition, when a company provides the best possible equipment to the employees it sends them a strong message about the importance of a safety culture at work.

Modeling this way of thinking from management down to the employees will help to promote the safety culture the companies' desire.

Having a team effort to promote the safety culture of any company can only serve to boost the employee moral, save money on workman's compensation claims and reduce the number of accidents within that workplace environment.

Conclusion

For many years, employers were not to concerned with the safety factor of their employees and employees, by human nature would use risk taking behaviors to get their jobs done. This combination of human high risk behavior and lack of company care…

References

Goodman, Fay (1999) Business: Small Talk - Way to avoid accidents caused by too much bottle.(News) the Birmingham Post (England)

Lanoi, Paul (1992) Safety regulation and the risk of workplace accidents in Quebec.

Southern Economic Journal

Ware, Brandy (2005) Selecting healthy hand tools: choosing the right hand tool for a job can protect workers from painful injuries and improve productivity at the same time.(Prevention of workplace accidents) Occupational Hazards

It is involved in enforcing effective standards, assist and foster employers to maintain safe and healthful working conditions and to provide necessary environment for its effective enforcement, research, information, education and training in the area of occupational safety and health. By means of this Act the California workers have been guaranteed that they would have the rights to attain orientation training from the employer in relation to the workplace hazards and the rights of the labor force. They might request for the necessary information in relation to the injuries and illnesses in the workplace. Also information on hazardous substances in the workplace like material safety data records could also be requested. The workers also have the right to request the employer for taking up corrective measures and methods for avoiding hazards. (Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH))

In similar ways many states have enacted their own OSHA approved laws…

References

Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH)" Retrieved at  http://www.dir.ca.gov/DOSH/WorkersPage.htm . Accessed on 4 June, 2005

Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)" Retrieved at  http://www.smartagreements.com/bltopics/Bltopi30.html . Accessed on 4 June, 2005

Occupational safety and health and employability programs, practices and experiences"

Retrieved at  http://www.arbo.nl/news/conference_docs/proceedings/GBI/sessie1/Kerklaan.pdf . Accessed on 4 June, 2005

here are many key facets to how to promote the efficient use of safety procedure within the workplace environment. Although employees need to be in charge of their own safety, management must use many different techniques to reinforce the procedures and methods by which employees can strengthen their approach to safety. One such method is through reporting hazards, in which employees are encouraged through rewards and gratitude to report any possible hazards within the workplace. Not only does this build a stronger bond between management at the specific employee, it shows that management is equally committed to the issue of worker safety. raining is of course a necessary and vital step for management to show the necessary steps for continuous safety practices. By reinforcing training sessions with handouts, videos and also a constant stream of safety messages through the workplace, employees will feel an obligation towards maintaining safety on the…

The psychology of safety. (n.d.). Retrieved January 7, 2007, from http://www.safetyworld.com/FLBook/fl_book_3_5.htm

DePasquale, J.P. & Geller, E.S. (1999). Critical success factors for behavior-based safety: A study of 20 industry-wide applications. Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 30, pp. 237-249.

Skinner, B.F. (1953). Science and Human Behavior. New York: Macmillan.

It is essential fo company manages, safety pactitiones and manufactuing enginees to be infomed of and gain sufficient knowledge about cuent eseach developments in this field and implement safety stategies as well as systems to minimize occupational health and safety isks. (Bie; Kuneuthe; Phimiste, 103); (Stellman, 17)

Active and pocedual isk management stategies ae impotant elements in any manufactuing unit. Active isk management efes to implementing intelocks, alams and mitigation systems that can detect a hazad and immediately shut down o set the system into a safe position. Pocedual isk management efes to implementing safety checklists, opeato taining, standad opeating pocedues and seveal such people dependent management systems. Ceating "inheently safe design stategies" in a manufactuing unit would involve fou key stategies. These ae minimizing, modeating, substituting and simplifying systems. (Bie; Kuneuthe; Phimiste, 103); (Stellman, 17)

Despite all safety guidelines, accidents still occu mainly as a esult of human complacence…

references and further reading you must purchase this article.

Ellacott, Michael V; Reed, Sue. Review: Development of Robust Indoor Air Quality Models for the Estimation of Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Buildings. Indoor and Built Environment, vol. 8, no. 6, 1999. pp: 345-360.

Falzon, Pierre. Enabling safety: issues in design and continuous design. Cognition, Technology & Work, vol.10, no. 1, Jan 2008, pp: 7-14.

Fleming, Mary Louise; Parker, Elizabeth. 2007. Health promotion: principles and practice in the Australian context. Ligare Book Printer, Sydney.

International Labour Organization. Occupational safety & health. 2009. Retrieved 12 November, 2009 from  http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/sectors/mee/safety.htm

excess of five million U.S. healthcare employees from numerous professions execute a wide selection of responsibilities. They're subjected to numerous safe practices risks, such as violence. Current records point out that hospital personnel are at high-risk for encountering violence at work. A number of reports say that violence normally takes place during periods of higher activity as well as communication and interaction with individuals, for example at meals and throughout visiting hours along with patient transport. Attacks can happen whenever services are rejected, whenever a client is involuntarily accepted, or whenever a healthcare employee tries to set limitations on consuming, drinking, or even tobacco or alcohol consumption (USDOL, 2001).

Background

isks for Workplace Violence

Patient risks consist of those intoxicated by alcohol and drugs, prior reputation of violence, psychological diseases for example schizophrenia, gang member, use of firearms, and city youthful male of lesser socioeconomic position.

Environmental risks such as…

References

Allen, P. (2009). Violence in the Emergency Department: Tools & Strategies to Create a Violence-Free ED. Springer Publishing Company.

Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) (2010). Emergency Department Violence Surveillance Study.

Janocha, J.A. And Smith, R.T. (2010). Workplace safety and health in the health care and social assistance industry, 2003-2007. Bureau of Labor Statistics.  http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/sh20100825ar01p1.htm 

NIOSH. (2002). Violence: Occupational Hazards in Hospitals. April 2002.  http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pdfs/2002-101.pdf

With the ever-changing health care sector, reimbursement has increasingly been tied to care quality and health care outcomes. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have particularly been changing the way hospitals are reimbursed, with hospitals that deliver high quality care and report better health outcomes getting higher reimbursements than those that perform poorly. This has led to increasing prominence of the pay-for-performance approach. Under this approach, hospitals that report greater patient satisfaction, reduced error rates, lower readmission rates, and higher recovery rates for chronic illness get higher reimbursements than their poorly-performing counterparts. The implication is that health care organizations must pay greater attention to performance, especially in terms of quality, safety, and individual performance. Measurement and models used in the commercial world for these three aspects are considerably relevant to the health care sector. This paper discusses the usefulness of the total quality management (TQM) model, the Organization…

However, recent spot checks suggest that many operators are unaware of the risk and therefore have not taken precautions to prevent dangerous concentrations of CO (NIOSH, 1984). This could prove to be fatal.

When employees are around aircraft it is important to practice the utmost safety, in order to ensure the safety of the ground crew, the people are on board of the aircraft, and all other employees involved in the handling of the flight line. Individuals must watch and listen for newly arriving or passing aircraft. If driving, employees must keep a proper distance from the aircraft and drive slowly, at 5 miles per hour only (AFOSH, 2003). Caution must also be taken with forklifts and k-loaders, as they must be lowered while aircraft is moving.

When working at night and around hazardous equipment, employees must utilize luminous wands, practice safe driving techniques, as those mentioned above, and use…

References

AFOSH, Std 91-100 (2003). Retrieved June 20, 2005, from AFOSH Web site:  http://www.hill.af.mil/safety/chklists/ChecklistIndex.htm 

CDC (2005). Retrieved June 20, 2005, from CDC Web site:  http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/factsheet.htm 

FAA (2005). Retrieved June 19, 2005, from FAA Web site:  http://www.faa.gov/about/mission/activities/ 

NIOSH: Controlling carbon monoxide hazard in aircraft refueling operations (1984). Retrieved June 20, 2005, from NIOSH Web site: www.cdc.gov/niosh/84-106.html

The respondents also believed that premiums should be adjusted based on an organizations willingness to introduce and enforce health and safety standards.

5. Safety representatives-these representatives serve the purpose of serving notices or organizations when breaches in safety and health standards take place.

6. Occupational Health and Rehabilitation -- a significant percentage or respondents believe that there needs to be greater access to occupational health services for employees. The respondents also believed that there should be a "new focus on the provision of rehabilitation services for injured and sick workers."

7. Financial Incentives-finally the respondents believed that employees needed financial incentives to encourage cooperation as it pertains to health and safety standards.

The HSE used all of the information gathered to create new strategies for dealing with Health and Safety issues in the workplace. One of the primary trends that developed was that of enforcement. In an effort to have…

Works Cited

"A strategy for workplace health and safety in Great Britain to 2010 and beyond"

"Enforcement Management Model." (2002). Health and Safety Executive

Enforcement Policy Statement. Health and Safety Executive

Environmental Health Policy Improvement Committee (20 April 2004) . Health and Safety Commission

The Association of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers (AISEE) pushed for a "national conference on safety" and as a result the Cooperative Safety Congress (CSC) was held (in 1912) and out of that meeting the National Council of Industrial Safety (NCIS) was founded. Later, the NCIS evolved into the National Safety Council (NSC) (Goetsch, p. 6).

On-the-job accidents "and even fatalities" were "an accepted fact of life in the construction industry" during the early 1900s, writes author Richard Hislop on page 4 of his book, Construction Site Safety: A Guide for Managing Contractors. Construction workers helping to build the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, for example, were in harm's way constantly. hen the budget was established and the projections for the Golden Gate were prepared, "it was expected that there would be on fatality for each million dollars of construction work," Hislop explains (1999, p. 4). And since the…

Works Cited

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2008). Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Summary, 2007.

Retrieved July 18, 2009, from  http://www.bls.gov/news.release/cfoi.nr0.htm .

Goetsch, David L. (2003). Construction Safety and Health. Upper Saddle River, NJ:

Prentice Hall.

7. Fenn, P., & Ashby, S., 2004. Workplace risk, establishment size, and union density. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 42, 461 -- 480.

8. Griffin, M.A., & Neal, A., 2000. Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 347 -- 358.

9. Neal, A., Griffin, M.A., & Hart, P.M., 2000. The impact of organizational climate on safety climate and individual behavior. Safety Science, 34, 99 -- 109.

10. Hechanova-Alampay, R.H., & Beehr, T.A., 2001. Empowerment, span of control and safety performance in work teams after workforce reduction. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6, 275 -- 282.

11. Kaminski, M., 2001. Unintended consequences: Organizational practices and their impact on workplace safety and productivity. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6, 127 -- 138.

Turner, N., & Parker, S.K., 2004. The effect of teamwork on safety processes and…

American business has grown over the past several decades, so have the number of laws, rules, and regulations governing the operation of such business. These laws and regulations are generally of types: 1) to promote market competition and to keep the power of large corporations under control, and 2) to mitigate the adverse effects of business activity on individuals and organizations. These laws and regulations are often beneficial but they come at a cost. These costs are not always obvious but they include the cost of compliance as well as the increased risk of litigation. These costs affect all businesses no matter how large but they hit smaller businesses particularly hard. The purpose of this paper will be to examine the various laws and regulations affecting employee safety in the United States and determine their advantages and disadvantages.

Employment laws, regulations, and policies have become burdensome for American businesses. Whether…

In my personal opinion, everybody is legally and morally entitled to own guns. The U.S. Constitution does delineate citizens' right to possess and carry arms -- a right that is often disregarded in the organizational context. In the year 2002, timberland owner and timber-products manufacturer, Weyerhaeuser, based in Seattle, sacked a number of its Oklahoma factory workers for violating the company-stipulated prohibition against keeping arms in their automobiles. This mass firing elicited a sharp outcry from gun-rights supporters such as the NRA (National Rifle Association). These groups assert that individuals bearing a firearms license must be able to access their guns in the event they are really needed, while traveling back and forth between their homes and workplaces. According to the NRA's executive VP, Wayne Lapierre, the fact that organizations can prohibit firearms in employee automobiles represents a serious blow to the Constitutional Amendment II (Shaw). However, senior attorney working…

Benefit Packages

What are some of the key issues facing businesses today in terms of continuing to offer a competitive benefits package?

Health care has emerged as one of the most important issues in contemporary American business in relation to competitive benefits packages. That is because under the current health care framework in the U.S., employer health care plans are the most common source of health insurance access (eid, 2009). Before the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), only businesses employing at least 50 employees were required by law to provide group health insurance to their employees. That meant that smaller companies often were at a competitive disadvantage in attracting the best talent because employees value health insurance so much. Since the enactment of the ACA, smaller companies will also be required to provide health insurance plans to avoid tax penalties for choosing not to do so (Pickert, 2012).…

References

Halbert, T. And Ingulli, E. (2009). Law & Ethics in the Business Environment.

Cincinnati: West Legal Studies.

Miller, S. "Employers Weigh Health Care Strategies: A growing number do more to mitigate costs and improve employee health." Society for Human Resource

Management (March 18, 2010).

Unlike our predecessors in the mines and mills and factories - and even offices - we today expect our workplaces to be safe. We consider this a birthright - that our employers should design and monitor the workplace in such a way that we are allowed to do our job without any undue risk for ourselves. And yet, of course, this is not a birthright but rather a legal protection that was fought for by workers and workers advocates (including unions) in previous generations. There seems to be little if any natural inclination of even good employers to ensure the safety of their workers, and it is for this reason that government regulations exist to protect workers. This research project examines one very specific example within the contemporary workforce of the ways in which government regulation is sometimes a necessary supplement - or bulwark - to the good intentions of…

References

Barch, Richard. Interview, 2002.

Berg, B.L. (2000). Qualitative methods for the social sciences. New York: Allyn & Bacon.

Clarke, E.M. etal. (2000). Model Checking. Cambridge: MIT Press.  http://digilander.libero.it/cfgames2000/games_usa_sue.html 

http://info.load-otea.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/~oshweb/hazoccen.shtml

Employees were unaware of how to properly signal to others when using a forklift for example, which type of fire extinguisher to use on a chemical fire, or what the difference in the emergency evacuation alarm sequence.

1.

Why training is the best way to address a performance gap since it ensures all employees are informed of the company policy in the same manner. It also makes certain all employees are aware of any updates or enhancements to the training that may come along due to quality improvements or new regulatory rulings. With training individual and corporate skill levels can be assessed in a non-threatening and safe playing field. Where it is not required to directly confront any individual whether they be a supervisor, manager, senior member, or entry level employee.

ther reasons why training is an excellent way to address issues is to avoid accidents. In the case of…

Other reasons why training is an excellent way to address issues is to avoid accidents. In the case of workplace safety the cost to a company for accidents affects the entire company and all employees. The Bureau for Labor Statistics has reported that a person is injured every 5 to 10 seconds. The result can be up to 18,000 accidents each day, with the costs associated being upwards of $6 million annually (BLR 2011). These costs can influence the amount of salary increases available to workers as well as benefit costs.

Economically accidents due to unskilled or untrained workers have an annual costs of more than $110 billion each year. The loss of productive hours cause insurance rates to increase as well as disability expenses and the replacement hiring and training adds to the expense as well.

Regulatory

The second category of elements in the physical workplace environment includes those that might either contribute to maximum safety or maximum risk of physical injury in the workplace. Seemingly mundane elements such as the physical arrangement of furniture, choices of materials for carpeting and flooring, and the physical relationship between fixed objects and passage ways can be tremendously important to workplace safety. Is respect, Human Resource personnel must share a thorough conceptual understanding of how the workplace functions and of patterns of behavior to enable them to design functional and safe workplace environments. The third category of elements in the physical workplace environment are those that are associated with potential risk of long-term chronic injuries, such as back and eye strain and neck, wrist, and hand injuries from prolonged periods working at a computer terminal.

Conclusion

Generally, it is always in the best interests of every organization to maximize the…

Fatal and Nonfatal Workplace Accidents and Injuries

No matter how responsible employers are, there are some jobs that are inherently dangerous. Combine that with the fact that human beings are fallible, and one sees that there will always be accidents and injuries in the workplace. However, workplace accidents and injuries encompass a broad range of events, from repetitive motion injuries to life-ending injuries. One of the interesting things to do is to examine the differences in fatal and non-fatal injuries, to try to determine if the risk of severity is linked to overall risk or if the risk of death is somehow almost separate from the risk of overall injury. In order to compare fatal and non-fatal injuries, this paper examines several facets of injuries. The first thing examined is the overall number of injuries per state and whether a state's rank according to fatal injuries is linked to the…

References

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2010). "Manner in which fatal work injuries occurred, 2010."

All charts, Census of fatal occupational injuries, 2010.

Retrieved from:  http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/cfch0009.pdf 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2011). Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work, 2010. Retrieved from:  http://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/osh2_11092011.pdf

falling death of a female minor at a rooftop construction site was the result of a lack of safety oversight and precautionary intervention. The owner of the company was present at the site at the time of death but had provided no safety equipment or guidelines to the minor. Legally, she was prohibited from being in the hazardous environment because she was under 18. A safety professional could have helped prevent the incident by recommending safe work practices. This paper provides a summary of the NIOSH report, what was lost in terms of cost (a life), what factors contributed to it, and how it could have been prevented. It concludes with a discussion on how safety professionals can be an effective workplace task force in companies like this one where oversight is sorely needed in order to mitigate risks associate with hazardous environments where loss of life could occur.

NIOSH…

References

Brauer, R. (2016). Safety Health for Engineers. New Jersey: Wiley.

NIOSH. (2009). Seventeen-Year-old Female Laborer Falls From Residential Roof and Dies Nine Days Later -- Connecticutm. CDC. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200710.html 

Penney, T. (2015). Incident theory but the 5 W's and the H are critical data. Retrieved from  https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/incident-theory-5-ws-h-critical-data-terry-penney 

YouthRules! (n.d.). YouthRules. Retrieved from  http://www.youthrules.gov/

Investigations related to incidents that occur at a certain worksite, help both workers and employers recognize the dangers and health risks along with limitations of their health and safety programs. In most cases, the necessary preventive measures are identified and implemented to ensure that those incidents don't occur in the future. Investigating incidents with the aim of identifying their causes and finding preventive solutions increases productivity and the morale of the employees. This is because it shows that the employer is committed to ensure a healthy and risk free workplace. Supervisors are mostly responsible for conducting investigations on these incidents. For the investigation to be successful, the employees and managers should cooperate and work together considering that they all have different perspectives, knowledge and understanding of the incident. The team conducting the investigation should try to see beyond the incident's immediate cause. Most of the time there is the misleading…

Such results, if typical, would have a dramatic impact on the bottom line of any company that implements such programs. By definition, this improves employee productivity ($ value output per employee).

Conclusion

In our company, substance abuse by employees is a serious problem, and the impacts mirror those of other companies in the developed world. hile we do not experience significant rates of injuries as the result of substance abuse, we do experience the other negative outcomes that are associated with substance abuse in the workplace -- absenteeism and lost productivity especially. There are pervasive negative effects on the culture of the organization as well, with employee resentment occurring, but yet not being manifested in either stigmatization or support.

As with most firms, we understand that it is in all likelihood easier and cheaper to address substance abuse issues with the employee than it is to find, hire and train…

Works Cited:

Bacharach, S.; Bamberger, P. & Biron, M. (2010). Alcohol consumption and workplace absenteeism: The moderating effect of social support. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 95 (2) 334-348.

Cook, R.; Back, A. & Trudeau, J. (1996). Substance abuse prevention in the workplace: Recent findings and an expanded conceptual model. Journal of Primary Prevention. Vol. 16 (3) 319-339.

Cook, R. & Schlenger, W. (2002). Prevention of substance abuse in the workplace: Review of research on the delivery of services. Journal of Primary Prevention. Vol. 23 (1) 115-142.

FSIPP. (2010). Prescription drug abuse in the workplace on the rise. Centre Daily Times. Retrieved October 23, 2010 from http://www.centredaily.com/2010/10/21/2287321/prescription-drug-abuse-in-the.html

The different types of harm that could happen are when the author is discussing specific effects that this will have on unborn baby. These include: unhealthy genetic material being passed to the embryo, this will have an impact on the development of the organs and it weakens the child's immune system.

Worker's Compensation is when there is a focus on having different provisions in place to ensure that women's health along with the fetus will not be impacted by the chemicals they are exposed to. As, this policy is designed to ensure that corporations are not in violation of the law.

While the various steps that can be taken under federal regulations is when someone who is exposed to these conditions is discussing what action women can take. This includes: damages, when to sue for causation and the standards of care. These different elements are important, because they are illustrating…

Bibliography

Paskal, S. (1988). Save the Fetus or Sue the Employer? Labor Law Journal 39 (6), 323 -- 341.

Drug Testing in the Workplace

Most employers in the United States are not required to do drug testing on either current or potential employees, although the majority have the right to do so (United States Department of Labor, 2010). Drug testing is not required under the Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988. The Act can be confusing and challenging for employers, however, since it essentially states that any organization receiving federal grants or contracts must be drug-free but does not contain language that specifically allows for drug testing (Thompson euters 2011). Many state and local governments limit or prohibit drug testing unless required for certain jobs with state or Federal governments.

As far back as 1997, the American Civil Liberties Union was deploring the use of drug testing in the workplace, citing an increase of 277% over a ten-year period (American Civil Liberties Union, 1997). Drug testing remains a controversial issue…

References

Drug-free workplace policy builder. Section 7: Drug testing. (2010). U.S. Department of Labor.

Retrieved from  http://www.dol.gov/elaws/asp/drugfree/drugs/screen92.asp 

Drummer, O.H. (2006). Drug testing in oral fluid. Clinical Biochemist Reviews 27(30), pp. 147-

Privacy in America: Workplace drug testing. (1997). American Civil Liberties Union.

Training

Lesson Plan for Safety in an Industrial Setting

Comment by Sabina:

Lesson Plan for Safety in an Industrial Setting

There are many safety issues in an industrial setting. While creating this lesson plan for safety training in this industry I utilized workers in the field to help validate the findings, and provide input for creating a safer environment. As the creator of this training I felt it was very important to get the opinion of the employees who directly work in these settings and who are affected directly by the safety imperfections. I knew observing the work environment and working directly with the employees would help the validity of the claims made in the safety training. I also knew as an outsider and trainer, the employees would give more buy in to the safety training if they knew they had input, it would help to show the employees you…

References

Danziger, James & Dunkle, Debora. "Methods of Training in the Workplace," Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations, School of Social Science, November 2011. http://www.crito.uci.edu/papers/2005/DanzigerDunkle.pdf

Sensenig, Kevin J, "Sphere of Influence," American Society for Training and Development, February 2011.  http://www.astd.org/TD/Archives/2011/Feb/Free/Feb11_Sphere_of_Influence.htm

Workplace

Landy and Conte (2013) note the fairness is understood as a component of exchange between two or more parties. The fairness reflects some form of equity, but the authors note that there are a few different perspectives against which fairness can be evaluated. The first of these is distributive fairness. This concept reflects a fairness of outcomes. This principle can come in a pure form, like in Cuba where everybody earns the same wage, but more often it comes with some sort of caveat, like "equal pay for equal work." There are different norms to describe distributive justice. These can be merit (the equal pay for equal work) norm and the need norm (to each according to his need). Landy and Conte also note that culture plays a role in how justice is perceived. The norm of a country will be different based on the collectivist-individualist paradigm. Because equity…

References

Folger, R. & Konovsky, M. (1989). Effects of procedural and distributive justice on reactions to pay raise decisions. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 32 (1) 115-130.

Landy, F. & Conte, J. (2013). Work in the 21st century: An introduction to industrial and organizational psychology. John Wiley & Sons.

Sexual Harassment

orkplace Sexual Harassment: A Legal and Psychological Overview

orkplace Sexual Harassment, as delineated in the text by Anne C. Levy, & Michele A. Paludi (2001) is a complex issue, marrying human psychology and human sexual and cultural assumptions with the daily demands of the business environment, an environment that can be stressful for everyone where personal relations are concerned. This is why Part I of the text explains not only the American legal system regarding sexual harassment and employment law. It also looks at sexual harassment from a psychological perspective, how women have been perceived in the modern, American workplace. The two perspectives are married in many legal instances. For instance, in terms of setting what the courts have variously considered harassment, the courts have eventually evolved what is called a 'reasonable person' standard as to what constitutes harassment. This has changed and evolved, however, as cultural norms…

Works Cited

Levy, Anne C. & Michele Pauldi. (2001) Sexual Harassment in the Workplace. New York: Prentice Hall.

Workplace Deviance

Counterproductive and Productive Behaviors

Defining Counterproductive and Productive Work Behavior

Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is defined by an employee's actions causing harm to either a coworker or their employer (reviewed by Krischer, Penney, and Hunter, 2010). The forms of CWB can vary considerably, from arguing with or ignoring coworkers, damaging equipment to sabotage the work of others, and reducing the amount of time spent at work. esearchers have proposed a number of theories that attempt to explain the psychological roots of CWB and these include an employee reacting emotionally to a perceived negative workplace event or condition, or simply seeking a desired outcome (manipulation).

Krischer, Penney, and Hunter (2010) argue that organizational psychology research has focused almost exclusively on an employee's affective response to negative events, to the exclusion of internal or instrumental motivations. Instrumental motivations for engaging in CWB could arise from an employee's attempts to cope…

References

Bennett, Rebecca J. And Robinson, Sandra L. (2000). Development of a measure of workplace deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 349-360.

Fodchuk, Katherine M. (2007). Work environments that negate counterproductive behaviors and foster organizational citizenship: Research-based recommendations for managers. Psychologist-Manager Journal, 10, 27-46.

Koster, Ferry and Sanders, Karin. (2006). Organizational citizens or reciprocal relationships? An empirical comparison. Personnel Review, 35, 519-537.

Krischer, Mindy M., Penney, Lisa M., and Hunter, Emily M. (2010). Can counterproductive work behaviors be productive? CWB as emotion-focused coping. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15, 154-166.

On the plus side, though, the research also showed that innovations in technology, both high- and low-tech, hold enormous promise for improving miner safety by providing early warnings of impending disasters and by providing rescuers with better techniques for locating and rescuing trapped miners. In the final analysis, the technology already exists to accomplish these improvements and it remains a matter of establishing the relevant priorities at the state and federal levels to ensure that all mines are equipped with these devices before disaster strikes, and that these technologies are available for rescue efforts when the inevitable does occur. Future studies should investigate how these technologies can be deployed more cost effectively for developing nations and what steps should be taken ahead of time to ensure that these devices provide the maximum amount of protection for the investments involved.

eferences

Cooper, S., yan, J., & Sinback, M. (2003). Employment-related crimes.…

References

Cooper, S., Ryan, J., & Sinback, M. (2003). Employment-related crimes. American Criminal Law Review, 40(2), 367.

Kravitz, J.H., Kovac, J.G., & Duerr, W.H. (1994). Advances in mine emergency communications. Proceedings of the International Emergency Management and Engineering Conference, 23-26.

Mining disaster incidents and fatalities, 1900-2006. (2007). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2007). Retrieved October 2, 2007 at  http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/statistics/disasters.htm .

Peters, C. (2006, March). The other mine disaster. Washington Monthly, 38(3), 8.

children attend school every day and while they are there, their parents want them to be safe and sound. That includes when they are on the playground, lunchroom, and in the classroom. The equipment in which that the school use should be safe so that will be injured during school hours. And, when the students become older and want to attend vocational school, the equipments and machines that the school and teachers have for the classroom must be extremely safe while working with them. This is a must since when a person is in vocational school; they are working with power tools and heavy equipment while in the classroom. When it comes to safety in vocational school, there is also a health issue due to the fact that some of the machines might be a health hazard to the students and teachers.

The machines and equipment in which the Massachusetts…

Safety

Ergonomics in the Workplace

The yearly worldwide trouble of one hundred million occupational injuries and diseases imposes upon national productivities, business efficiencies and employees' health and well-being, in Australia. Manual handling is the biggest supplier to non-deadly injury and disease in the workplace, normally accounting for about a third of all national injuries. Interventional approaches that have centered on choosing or adapting the employee have been unsuccessful in dropping injury danger. ecently, participatory ergonomics has been extensively put into practice as a procedure to decrease the risk of harm from manual handling.

This study looked at the efficiency of a participatory ergonomics risk evaluation advance in dropping the rate and severity of injuries from manual and non-manual handling experiences by a group of cleaners at a hospital. The goal of this study was to establish whether there was an alteration in the pace and harshness of injury, from MH…

References

Carrivick, Philip J.W., Lee, Andy H., Yau, Kelvin K.W. And Stevenson, Mark R. (2005).

Evaluating the effectiveness of a participatory ergonomics approach in reducing the risk and severity of injuries from manual handling. Ergonomics, 48(8), 907-914.

Workplace Motivation

This paper investigates the issue of motivation as it applies to an organizational setting.

The research regarding motivation in the workplace has been a major area of investigation that is of interest to corporate leaders, managers, organizational psychologists, and educators. The issue that this paper will discuss has to do with the particular factors that managers and leaders can address to increase the motivation of their workers to perform as well as to increase the job satisfaction levels of their employees. However, motivation is only one issue regarding increased productivity or increased job satisfaction; we would certainly think that at a basic level an employee would need a certain level of motivation to perform as well as the ability to actually do the job (as it turns out the research is consistent with this type of common-sense thinking). However, the actual types of interventions/activities that can be used…

References

Argyris, C. 1993, Knowledge for action: a guide to overcoming barriers to organizational change, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.

Chien, J.C. 2013,'Examining Herzberg's Two Factor Theory in a large Chinese chemical fiber company' World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 78, no. 248, pp.1433-1438.

Gneezy, U. And Rustichini, A. 2000, 'Pay enough or don't pay at all', Quarterly Journal of Economics vol. 115, no. 3, pp. 791-810.

Hackman, J.R. And Oldham, G.R. 1980, Work redesign. Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, N.J.