108, that it is all too common for educators to uncritically accept the assertions of test creators. For example, ESL students may have difficulty with language comprehension on a science achievement test, but that does not mean that the students have difficulties with comprehending the scientific method or other grade-level scientific concepts. Despite Cantor's caveat about using individual tests as one of many forms of assessing student ability, Gardner suggests is very easy to give too much priority to specific scores. While it may seem obvious that scores should be understood...

Subjective test scores, like essay tests, are even more prone to error and variation because of the standards of different graders. And finally, the SAT is a paradigmatic example of a single test given a tremendous amount of weight in determining an individual's future, to the exclusion of other factors such as grades and…