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Cartography
The geographic coordinate system basically refers to longitudinal and latitudinal lines and the reference points on them. The lines of longitude and latitude are based on the Earth's polar axis. Latitude lines are parallel to the equator, and are measured in degrees, with the equator's value set at 0 degrees. From the equator to each of the poles there are ninety latitude lines, for a total of 180. Latitudes north of the equator are distinguished from lines south of the equator, which divides the earth into the north and south hemispheres. Latitude lines are parallel to the Earth's polar axis and are therefore also referred to simply as parallels.
Longitude lines are perpendicular to latitude lines. They are drawn parallel to the arbitrarily created Prime Meridian, which runs through Greenwich, England and therefore establishes the reference point for international time zones as well. Like latitude lines, longitude lines are also measured in degrees. There are a full 360 longitude lines on the globe, but the maximum value of a longitude line is 180, denoted by the International Date Line. The International Date Line is therefore halfway around...
Longitude lines west of the Prime Meridian are deemed part of the Western Hemisphere, and those East are part of the Eastern Hemisphere and are denoted as such: 60 degrees West.
2. The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid system, unlike the geographical coordinate system, is based on a flat rectangular and metric coordinate system. First the Earth is modeled according to the Transverse Mercator projection system into a two-dimensional image. Then the Earth is divided into sixty segments of six degrees longitude each. Measurements start at the International Date Line. Therefore, the UTM system relies on the geographic coordinate system for its points of reference. The UTM system is displayed on most topographical and geological survey maps in North America.
3. Map scale is a ratio between the actual distance between two points on Earth and the distance between those two points as represented on the map. Map scales vary considerably. Measuring distances using a map can be done simply using a ruler and then converting the measurement to actual distance using the map's scale ratio. However, this only…
Geography - GIS Systems Geographic information systems called GIS in short, is a constituent of all the complex geographic information technologies that exist today. The Global Positioning System or GPS and remote sensing are all parts of the emerging technologies that are today referred to as GIS systems. GIS thus encompasses both the digital and geographical techniques involved in the systems used for the processing and dissemination of geographic information. (New
geography (when I even thought about it) was that it was a class that I had to take in high school as part of my graduation requirements. Additionally, I believed that it was the study of land including a wide variety of areas such as; mountains, lakes, streams, hills, desert and forest areas. If I considered it, I would also think of it as a subject that I was
Geography Oceanography is the field of geography that studies the origin and development of the oceans, including how they move, the life forms within it, and how to use its resources wisely and safely. It'd an interdisciplinary field of study that by necessity combines geography with biology, meteorology, chemistry, physics and even mathematics (College Board, 2005). Those who study oceanography must have a broad-based education in the sciences. The physical properties of
" Candidates have to undergo personal interviews, medical examinations, "counterintelligence-scope polygraph examination," urinalysis test to screen for possible illegal drug use, and other procedures that the agency finds necessary to meet suitability, security and other educational, technical and work qualifications. (Carland; Faber, 2008); (Richfield, 2007) Amongst all civilian federal agencies, one of the most recent ones is the Department of Homeland Security -- DHS which deals with Homeland Defense. This agency
Montessori and Exercises in Practical Life Learning is a life-long adventure in the philosophy of discovery. To maximize learning, one cannot underestimate two things: learning opportunities and the environment surrounding the learning activity. Learning opportunities must be interesting, meaningful, and purposeful for learners -- particularly children. At the very crux of the ideas surrounding the philosophy of education, however, there are two basic views: 1) humans are born with the innate
..traveler, naturalist, geologist and is famous for his works entitled as follows: 1) 1805-14 Maps in Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland Numerous re-issues; 2) 1811-1-2 Atlas Gegographique et Phisique de Royaume de Ia Nouvel/e Espagn; 3) 1814-34 Atlas du Nouz'eau Continent (Barrister, 2007) Barrister additionally relates that nearing the end of the century approximately between 1799 and 1804, "the German naturalist and traveler, Alexander von Humboldt, made epic journeys in South American and,