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¶ … Health Care Advanced
Quality of Medical Care Defined and Other Dimensions of Quality Care and Their Importance
Quality is reported to be defined by the Institute of Medicine as:
"The degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge." (Feld, 2003, p.1)
The elements of quality care are stated to be those as follows:
(1) Recognition of patients at risk for diseases;
(2) Conduction of appropriate evaluation;
(3) Making the appropriate diagnosis;
(4) Starting the appropriate treatment;
(5) Scheduling the appropriate follow-up; and (6) Stimulating the appropriate compliance/adherence to treatment. (Feld, 2003, p.1)
The goals of quality care are decrease of the "complication rate, morbidity, mortality, and cost of care." (Feld, 2003, p.1) Changes since the days when the doctor knew best include a more informed population who are more highly educated and who possess more knowledge about their own healthcare regimen. The work of Steffen (2009) defines quality by stating that it is "not as consisting of the properties of an object but rather as the capacity of these properties to achieve goals. Accordingly, quality medical care is the capacity of the elements of that care to achieve legitimate medical and nonmedical goals." (p.1) Patient values are reported to be such that serve to shape the goals and since these values are many times non-assessed and unrecorded. It is reported that recommendations request, "A formal assessment of patient values [as those...
Quality in Medical Care Defined as Greatest Benefit at Lowest Risk -- Examination of How the Priorities of the Healthcare System and Allocation of Resources Address this Goal
The work of Brock (2003) entitled "Separate Spheres and Indirect Benefits" reports that in health care resource priorities "the benefits and costs of different alternative resource uses are relevant considerations in the prioritization process." It is held by Consequentialists that the "maximization of benefits with available resources is the only relevant consideration" whereas the Non-consequentialists are reported to fail to reject the "…the relevance of consequences of benefits and costs, but insist that other considerations, and in particular the distribution of benefits and costs, are morally important as well." (Brock, 2003) It is certain that whatever one uses to morally justify their view of the proper standards for prioritization of various interventions in healthcare, there must be some way to measure both the benefits and costs of those interventions. Both theoretical and practical challenges present in taking such a measurement including the question of weighing the extension of life against improvement in…
Bibliography
Donabedian A (1988) "The Quality of Care: How Can it be Assessed" JAMA, 260(12):1743-1748.
Donabedian A (2005) "Evaluating the Quality of Medical Care" Milbank Quarterly, 83(4):691-729.
How to Assess Quality of Care (2010) Healthcare Economist. 20 Jan 2010. Retrieved from: http://healthcare-economist.com/2010/01/20/how-to-assess-quality-of-care/
Ashton, CM, Kuykendall, DH, Johnson, ML, and Wray, NP (1999) An empirical assessment of the validity of explicit and implicit process-of-care criteria for quality assessment. Med Care 1999 Aug;37(8):798-808. PubMed. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10448722
Brock, DW (2003) Separate Spheres and Indirect Benefits. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. 24 Feb 2003. Retrieved from: http://www.resource-allocation.com/content/1/1/4
Feld, S. (2009) What is the Definition of Quality Medical Care? Repairing the Healthcare System. Retrieved from: http://stanleyfeldmdmace.typepad.com/repairing_the_healthcare_/2007/03/what_is_the_def.html
Steffen, GE (1988) Quality Medical Care. JAMA 1988;260-56-51. Retrieved from: http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/260/1/56.short
Donebedian, A. The Quality of Medical Care: A Concept in Search of a Definition. J Fam Pract. 1979 Aug, 9(2):277-84. PubMed. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/110905
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