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Immanuel Kant
Freedom Motive and Duty
Kant believed possessing and maintaining one's moral goodness is the very condition under which anything else is worth having or pursuing. Intelligence and even pleasure are worth having only on the condition that they do not require giving up one's fundamental moral convictions. The value of a good will thus cannot be that it gains certain valuable ends, whether of our own or of others, since their value is entirely conditional on our possessing and maintaining a good will. Its goodness must not depend on obtaining any particular ends. A good will must then also be good in itself and not in virtue of its relationship to other things such as an individual's own happiness or overall welfare.
A good will is a will whose decisions are wholly determined by moral demands or Moral Law. Human beings view this Law as a constraint on their desires, and hence a will in which the Moral...
It is the presence of desires that could operate independently of moral demands that makes goodness in human beings an essential element of the idea of duty. Unqualified goodness means we act in certain ways that we might not want to, or the thought that we have moral duties.
Categorical Imperatives
A Categorical Imperative is an absolute and universal moral obligation. Kant believed categorical imperative help us to know which actions are obligatory and which are forbidden. Hypothetical imperatives, according to Kant, are conditional: 'If I want x then I must do y'. These are not moral imperatives. Kant thought the only moral imperatives were categorical: 'I ought to do x," with no suggestion of desires or needs.
Kant formulated three Categorical Imperatives: 1) Universal law -- All moral statements should be general laws, which apply to everyone…
Epistemology Immanuel Kant's explanation on how we gain knowledge is preferable to that of David Hume. The mind can be compared with the computer in illustrating how the mind gathers and processes information or sense-data from generalizations, which in turn derive from a categorical imperative. A person need not experience something before he can apprehend or learn it. Exposition. David Hume believes that all ideas are derived and become knowable only from
Ross thought that all people should be benevolent and so if lying affects one's benevolence, one needs to decide if lying is better for the sake of benevolence. Ross' non-absolutist take to ethics is preferred because is considers what is morally right in certain situations. In the instance of a Poker game, it is a game that relies upon lying or "bluffing" so it actually does pass Kant's universal law
Kant's universal principle of right and categorical imperative has yielded a heated debate on whether there is relationship between the two (UPR and CI). The debate arises on the question, "Can Kant's "universal principle of right" be derived from his "categorical imperative?" Many authors have presented their view, against and supporting. This debate is significant since it helps in realizing the impact of the juridical law on the individuals in
According to utilitarian ethical theory, a lie would be very moral indeed if it increased someone's happiness without creating detriment to anyone -- telling a child that their unintelligible crayon markings is a great picture of a house, for instance, boosts their self-esteem and helps them to feel loved, and no one in the art world suffers for this white lie. Utilitarianism also provides a solution to conflicting duties that
Social Worker's Dilemma A Social Worker's Moral Dilemma: The Kantian & Utilitarian Approach A Social Worker's Dilemma: A Kantian & Utilitarian Approach While Philosophy is the investigation of the ultimate questions of life, e.g., Is there a God?, or How do we know what we know?, Ethics (also called Moral Philosophy) is the philosophical investigation of questions about morality (Gensler & Spurgin, 2008). In our everyday lives we are faced with moral dilemmas and
agrees that ethics is an important part of effective leadership in the field of health care but there is no universally accepted understanding of what constitutes ethical leadership (Milton, 20004). The concept of ethical leadership has been addressed in the literature of a wide variety of fields associated with the health care profession but none have been able to clearly define its terms. The purpose of this paper will