HP has been able to distinguish itself, despite the increasingly pluralistic industry structure, to stress its ability to provide helpful advice to home customers and small and medium size businesses, thus enhancing its differentiation in the industry, and creating a friendly yet professional image for itself in the minds of consumers. This makes consumers specifically look for HP products, rather than relying on middleperson's advice, and other aspects of the

Innovation Models Lead to a Sustainable Business -- Closed vs. Open Innovation Following the introduction of the concept of open innovation, the exploration in the area has increased significantly. Open innovation involves the utilization of purposive knowledge inflows and outflows to help in the acceleration of internal innovation and the expansion of external markets for innovation. On the other hand, closed innovation refers to a situation where every activity is

" The process feature revolves around "the general business process and practices that enable functional groups to operate effectively and collaborate toward a common goal - as well as a robust set of innovation methodologies and tools." Finally, the structure component has refers to the "organizational structures and supporting technologies that enable collaboration across functional lines" (Innovation Point, 2004). Otherwise put, the ophthalmologic clinic has to focus on implementing a

Innovations in Marketing Services Innovation Innovation of services According to Chang (2010), service-based concepts have traditionally lent themselves less easily to innovation than tangible products (Chang 2010:113). Service-based enterprises are said to suffer from the problem of immediate exposure or the fact, that unlike the launch of a new, technical device, there is no 'build-up' or secrecy regarding the released service. However, clearly innovative services have been generated. For example, the innovation

Innovation Henry Ford Innovation of products and services: 'If I asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses' -- Henry Ford Knowing the customer is critical when introducing innovative customer requirements. While conventionally-minded companies may survey customers, asking them what they think they want and need, ground-breaking companies try to anticipate consumer desire. That is what Henry Ford meant when he said: 'If I asked people what they wanted, they would

One such exemplary resource is Epicor's recent guide, "Managing Today's Professional Services Organization: How to Improve Efficiency and Increase Profits" (2011). Although the guide contains some self-serving information concerning Epicor's own IT product line, the bulk of the guide is devoted to timely and informative insights concerning how IT can facilitate project delivery in professional services organizations. For instance, according to Epicor's guide: Ultimately, a successful operational model demands higher-order