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Self-reporting is noted as the most efficient as well as widely accepted means of disease assessment. It is therefore advisable to use self-rated oral health in the evaluation of the perception of people's health. The oral symptoms ae the subjective perceptions of an individual's oral health which is derived from various oral diseases such as periodontal disease, caries, xerostomia as well as tooth loss. It is clear that no study has been dedicated to the study of the correlation between oral symptoms and the mortality that is caused by cardiovascular disease as well as pneumonia. It is a wonder that one of the most crucial risk factors for cardiovascular disease occurs in the are of our body which we never at all connect with cardiovascular disease, our mouth. Several studies have studied the correlation that exists between heart disease and poor oral health.It has been suggested that the various oral infections may in a way produce inflammatory markers. These markers do contribute to the observed pathology of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Various studies have indicated that erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen levels, all of which are serum inflammatory markers are significantly present in individuals having cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Other evidence to indicate that poor oral health leads to CVDs is the fact that there gingivitis can lead to CVD.The severity of periodontitis is noted to bear a direct correlation with cardiovascular diseases. Oliveira, Watt and Hamer (2010) indicated that Periodontal disease is associated with close to 19% risk of CVD in the future. Oral health should be taken seriously since it has been demonstrated that periodontal diseases are directly and indirectly correlated to cardiovascular diseases and complication.
References
Abnet CC, Qiao YL, Dawsey SM, Dong ZW, Taylor PR, Mark SD (2005). Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of total death and death from upper gastrointestinal cancer,...
Int J. Epidemiol 34:467-474
Amar S, Han X (2003). The impact of periodontal infection on systemic diseases. Med Sci Monit 9:RA291 -- RA299. Medline
Azarpazhooh A, Leake JL (2006). Systematic review of the association between respiratory diseases and oral health. J Periodontol 77:1465-
De Oliveira, C.,Watt, R and Hamer, M (2010).Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey. Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey
Janket, S.J., Baird, A.E., Chuang, S.K. & Jones, J.A. (2003) Meta-analysis of periodontal disease and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine
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Khader, Y.S., Albashaireh, Z.S.M. & Alomari, M.A. (2004) Periodontal diseases and the risk of coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases: a Meta-analysis. Journal of Periodontology 75, 1046 -- 1053
Lloyd-Jones D, Adams RJ, Brown TM, et al. (2010). Heart disease and stroke statistics -- 2010 update. A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121:e1-e170.
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Xu, F., Markowitz, L., Sternberg, M., Aral., S (2006)Prevalence of circumcision in men in the United States: data…
References
Abnet CC, Qiao YL, Dawsey SM, Dong ZW, Taylor PR, Mark SD (2005). Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of total death and death from upper gastrointestinal cancer, heart disease, and stroke in a Chinese population-based cohort. Int J. Epidemiol 34:467-474
Amar S, Han X (2003). The impact of periodontal infection on systemic diseases. Med Sci Monit 9:RA291 -- RA299. Medline
Azarpazhooh A, Leake JL (2006). Systematic review of the association between respiratory diseases and oral health. J Periodontol 77:1465-
De Oliveira, C.,Watt, R and Hamer, M (2010).Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey. Toothbrushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey
342). One of the strongest correlations between periodontal disease and another disease that could have heavy implications as to whether periodontal disease progresses is the correlation and relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. A recent study determines that "the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease/periodontitis (PD) is high, and the association of these two as risk factors influencing each other has been recognized and is extensively documented" (Acharya, Satyanarayan,
Nevertheless, an individual may prefer to have this type of calculus removed for other reasons or otherwise as part of a long-term treatment regimen. For example, Bennett and Mccrochan note that, "When the American Dental Association later approved Warner-Lambert's mouthwash, Listerine, by stating that 'Listerine Antiseptic has been shown to help prevent and reduce supragingival plaque accumulation and gingivitis. . ., ' sales rose significantly" (1993:398). It remains unclear,
Oral Health and Heart Disease The following literature review will explore research that has investigated the relationship between dental health and cardiovascular disease. The discussion will focus on the significance of the association between oral health and cardiovascular disease, oral health and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, as well as other potential risk factors associated with this relationship. An effective starting point in the investigation of the association between dental health and
Instruments Instrumentation needed for the research study will be relatively minimal and straightforward; necessary equipment for a standard checkup to determine cardiovascular health and other basic signs of chronic disease as well as scrapers, swabs, and vials for the collection of bacterial samples will be needed. It is possible that culturing of the bacterial samples will be desired, in which case additional instruments and controlled environment equipment will also be needed
The research thus concludes the essence of having quality and effective legislation addressing the aspects of overall oral health of the people. Additionally, the Canadian Dental Association also relates several issues of the overall body health to the oral health of the individual. In view of the article on the relation "oral health -- good life," the article gives information on the essence of good oral health, indicating some of
Cross-Sectional Study: To Assess the Prevalence of Dental Diseases and Treatment Needs of Pediatric Patients Attending Dental Clinics at Ajman University The WHO Global Oral Health Program emphasizes that although countries have made substantial progress in their effort to improve community health in general, there is still a lot to be done in relation to oral health - particularly among minority and economically-disadvantaged groups1. Oral diseases such as orodental trauma, oropharyngeal