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¶ … role of deities in "The Iliad," by Homer, the poetry of Sappho, and "Pericles Funeral Oration," by Thucydides. Specifically it will discuss how significant the deities are in the three pieces, and why deities played such an important part in ancient literature.
IMPORTANCE of the DEITIES
The Gods (deities) play an extremely important part throughout these three pieces, and through much of ancient literature. The gods were extremely important to the Greeks, who believed they lived atop Mount Olympus, ruled by Zeus, the father and leader of the Gods. In "The Iliad," Achilles often turns to the Gods to aid him in battle and in his personal life. People believed the Gods could influence everything in their lives, and so often asked them for help and advice, as Achilles does. "I came to see if I could check this temper of yours, / Sent from heaven by the white-armed goddess / Hera, who loves and watches over both of you men./
Now come on, drop this quarrel, don't draw your sword."
In turning to Zeus,...
The Homeric gods can control all the different forces that shape human life, from the weather to emotions to social practices and institutions.
Sappho often wrote of the Gods and Goddesses, Aphrodite seems to be one of her favorite deities, she often wrote poems and odes dedicated to her. "Richly throned, O deathless one, Aphrodite, / Child of Zeus, enchantress-queen, I beseech thee / Let not grief nor harrowing anguish master, / Lady, my spirit."
Sappho writes often of love and affection, but her affinity for the deities is never far from her poems. She often asks for guidance and aid in love and life, just as Achilles did in "The Iliad." Sappho writes most commonly about Aphrodite, Peitho, Ares, Hecate, Hera, Hermes, Hephaestus, and the Muses. Her poems also show the Gods interacting with humans, and aiding them at important times, such as blessing…
Works Cited
Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Stanley Lombardo. Indianapolis, in:, 1997.
Robinson, David M. Sappho and Her Influence. Boston: Marshall Jones Company, 1924.
Thucydides. Pericles Funeral Oration [book online]. 6 June 1999, accessed 16 Oct. 2002;
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GREECE/PERICLES.HTM;Internet.
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GREECE/PERICLES.HTM;Internet.
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