Nursing theory drew much attention in the last century, and it continues to drive professional expansion and growth in nursing today. This text covers some of the theorists in the field of nursing, and their works. The nurses of the past provided great healing service to patients; however, much of the knowledge they passed down was mainly functional and skills based (Alligood, n.d.). While several of the practices were quite effective, they weren't grounded on solid evidence or widely tested. Their usage was also not uniform across the board. The twentieth century saw leaders in the nursing industry seek to develop nursing theory and knowledge to guide nursing practice, improve the quality of patient care, and improve the stature of nursing as a profession.
A -- Mid-Range Theory -- Theory of Caring by Kristen Swanson
ackground of the Theorist
Kristen M. Swanson is a distinguished academician that has worked as the Dean of…...
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Bibliography
Alligood, M.R. (n.d.). Introduction to Nursing Theory: Its History, Significance, and Analysis .
In applying this article to the nursing field, it appears that combining therapies with surgery can enhance care to surgical patients. he article reaction is preoperative anxiety can be reduced with holistic nursing.
Rosenberg, S. (2006). Utilizing the Language of Jean Watson's Caring heory Within a Computerized Clinical Documentation System. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.
his article describes and critiques a healthcare facility that was part of an eight-hospital organization that adopted Watson's theory of caring as part of their nursing philosophy. It provides an overview of the caring theory and its many meanings. Rosenberg critiques the caring theory, stating that during the implementation of the theory within the setting described, it was noted that there was no mechanism in the current documentation system for clinical nursing staff to document the patient experience using any language specific to the theory. As a result, the nurses at the healthcare facility decided to develop…...
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The study analyzed the perception of caring behaviors of hospitalized antepartum and short-stay postpartum patients. The study method used consisted of an exploratory, comparative survey design to describe and compare similarities and differences in perception of caring behaviors between forty-two patients. The patients completed a 63-item Caring Behavior Assessment instrument on a seven category scale based on Watson's theory of caring. The study results found no significant differences in age, education, gravida, or para between the two groups; no significant differences or correlations in the total Caring Behavior Assessment scores and the demographic variables; and no significant differences in total Caring Behavior Assessment scores were found between antepartum participants and postpartum participants. The researchers concluded that their findings corroborate the results of "caring" studies in other patient populations. The application and reaction to nursing is that satisfying basic needs is more important to patients than meeting higher order needs.
Swanson-Kauffman, K. (1986). Caring in the instance of early unexpected pregnancy loss. Topics in Clinical Nursing (July):37-47.
Swanson conducted a study of twenty women who experienced miscarriages prior to 16 weeks of gestation. The research method used were two personal interviews with each woman in which the conversations were tape recorded. After the taping, the interviews were analyzed to develop categories that captured the human experience of miscarriage and the caring needs of the women. The study applies to nursing in that it attempted to empirically' define and conceptualize caring and direct the attention of care providers to some of the common ways in which mothers who miscarried wished to be cared for. The study analyzed Watson's theory of caring in examining what constitutes caring in the instance of miscarriage. The study concluded that caring in this instance is conveyed by knowing, being with, doing for and enabling recovery. The reaction to this early article is that it provides a positive groundwork for future studies of women recovering from a traumatic event.
Jean atson's Theory Of Caring
Iconic nursing leader and theorist Jean atson established an innovative and much-needed component to the field of nursing which she refers to as a caring theory. This paper uses atson's theories and examples of what she called "a caring moment" in the context of fully discussing nursing from atson's point-of-view.
Major components and background of atson's theory
"atson (1988) defines caring as the moral ideal of nursing whereby the end is protection, enhancement, and preservation of human dignity… [caring] involves values, a will, and a commitment to care, knowledge, caring actions and consequences" (Cohen, 1991, p. 899).
In her 1999 book, Nursing: Human Science and Human Care: A Theory of Nursing, atson makes clear that "Nursing science" needs to move away from "homogeneity of thinking" and find breakthrough ideas that are workable and based on the science of nursing. That said, atson believes there have been "…some conceptual inconsistencies"…...
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Works Cited
Cohen, Judith A. (1991). Two portraits of caring: a comparison of the artists, Leininger and Watson. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16(8), 899-909.
Suliman, Wafika A., Welmann, Elizabeth, Omer, Tagwa, and Thomas, Laisamma. (2009).
Applying Watson's Nursing Theory to Assess Patient Perceptions of Being Cared for in a Multicultural Environment. Journal of Nursing Research, 17(4), 293-300.
Watson, Jean. (2009). Caring Science and Human Caring Theory: Transforming Personal and Professional Practices of Nursing and Health Care. Journal of Health & Human Services
Jean Watson's Theory Of Caring
A TOTAL HEALING EXPERIENCE
Jean Watson's Theory of Caring
Every person or patient has needs, which must be uniquely recognized, respected, and filled in the quest for healing and wholeness. Caring for the patient not only enhances recovery in any mysterious way. It can also be demonstrated and practiced by those who care for patients, especially nurses. Caring occurs in an environment, which accepts the patient as a distinct being with distinct and unique potentials (Al-Sharmi, 2010; Conway et al., 2011). Caring promotes health better than simply curing an illness. It promotes growth through the patient's potentials. Caring is also central to nursing (Al-Sharmi). These basic principles form the core of Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring.
Watson conceived her Theory of Human Caring while she was teaching at the University of Colorado in 1975 to 1979 (Conway et al., 2011). It evolved from her personal views on nursing…...
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Al-Shamri, K.F. (2010). The evolution of nursing theory. King Saud University.
Theory Description and Incorporation
It is important for nurses to have both clinical and personal skills when practicing their profession. The importance of creating and maintaining a disciplined schedule of hourly nurse rounds can be very productive in reducing falls, pressure ulcers and diminish call light use which ultimately leads to a rise in patient satisfaction. There is much evidence to support this argument and the Theory of Human Caring introduced by Jean Watson provides a solid rationale to base this model upon to support this hypothesis.
This comprehensive theory provides a personal approach that describes why nurses' personal care approach can be practically effective. The theory is based upon the idea that kindness and a loving approach within the clinical setting can be extremely effective in improving patient care quality. The…...
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References
Watson, M.J. (1988). New dimensions of human caring theory. Nursing science quarterly, 1(4), 175-181.
Watson, J., & Foster, R. (2003). The Attending Nurse Caring Model®: integrating theory, evidence and advanced caring -- healing therapeutics for transforming professional practice. Journal of clinical nursing, 12(3), 360-365.
Caring
When most people are asked 'what do nurses do," there is a strong likelihood that the word 'caring' will arise in the conversation. Many nurses, particularly new nurses, identify caring as one of the personal qualities that attracted them to the profession. However, caring can be a very nebulous concept, as even non-nurses give 'care' to others and non-nurses can be 'caring' people. Nursing, in an effort to create an empirical and academic basis for itself as a discipline has fought against the idea that nursing is just about caring. However, it cannot 'ignore' the idea of caring, given that one of the concepts that distinguishes nursing from other forms of medical care is its patient-centric and individualistic perspective.
I have chosen caring as the concept I will focus on in this paper, with a specific focus on Jean Watson's Theory of Caring, given that it is one of the…...
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References
Cara, Chantal. (2011).A pragmatic view of Jean Watson's caring theory.
Universite de Montreal. Retrieved www.humancaring.org/conted/Pragmatic%20View.doc
Caring for ody and Soul
Critiquing Research Report
Modern nursing practice has focused more and more on treating the whole person, through four domains (Chan, 2009). These are physical, mental, social, and spiritual. Of the four, the spiritual domain is the most neglected. A retrospective study recently found that nurses with religious beliefs are more likely to extend spiritual care. The greater their spiritual perceptions, the more frequently they include a spiritual dimension to their care of patients (Chan). However, not many nurses are able to extend care in this domain.
Jean Watson's Theory of caring is applied as theoretical framework. Her concept sees caring as a process of transpersonal caring. It is something exceeding the self and recognizing the relationship as "mutual and reciprocal (Goliath, 2008)." It is in this environment that the nurse connects with the patient under his specific circumstances. Watson uses 10 carative factors in applying her theory.
Introduction
Theory guides practice. This is true of many things, but is especially true of nursing. While many processes, actions, and rules are involved in becoming a great nurse, understanding and applying theory must be the most important aspect. Nursing theory allows for one to examine concepts and then attempt practical application of these concepts when theories are tested. Evidence-based practice for example, is the wonderful lovechild of theory and application in that when theories are constructed, they are then tested, and if they work, are applied to standard practice via modification. This essay aims to provide a deeper synthesis of nursing theory by examining two important nursing theories: Orem's Self-care Theory and Watsons Nursing Theory. Additionally, one will see how nursing theory has evolved since its beginnings.
Background on Nursing Theory
Many say nursing is as old as humankind. If there was someone sick, there was someone willing to take care of…...
Range Nursing Theory
A clinical nurse is generally involved with specialized research; for example, a clinical nurse specializing in oncology would likely be heavily involved in the treatment of patients with cancer, according to Andrea Santiago. That clinical nurse specialist (CNS) working with cancer patients may also create helpful protocols or other strategies to improve the delivery of services in a hospital (Santiago, 2013). This paper delves into the reasons why the CNS can (and will) benefit from the use of the middle range theory.
hat are middle range theories?
Judy Davidson (RN, DNP, CNS) explains that middle range theories are designed to "guide practice" for nurses (including clinical nurse specialists) and are "more focused than grand theories" because they zero in on a "single aspect of practice" and are not as general as grand theories (Davidson, 2010, p. 28). Moreover, because grand theories only offer a framework in terms of descriptions…...
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Works Cited
Andershed, Birgitta, and Olsson, Kristina. (2009). Review of research related to Kristin
Swanson's middle-range theory of caring. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 23(3),
598-610.
Davidson, Judy E. (2010). Facilitated Sensemaking: A Strategy and New Middle-Range Theory
nursing is both a discipline and a profession
All of these affect fundamental nursing values such as emotional support for patients and the importance of touch.
Imogene King's conceptual model includes three types of dynamic, interacting systems: personal systems (represented by individuals), interpersonal systems (represented by such dyadic interactions as nurse-patient dialogue), and social systems (represented by larger institutions such as hospitals and families). (Imogene King, J.P. Riehl-Sisca, 1989) further example of theory developing into concept and ultimately into model and practice is Katharine Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort. Holistic comfort is defined as the immediate experience of being strengthened through having the needs for relief, ease, and transcendence met in four contexts of experience (physical, psycho spiritual, social, and environmental) (Kolcaba, 1994)
The Concept of Philosophy in Nursing
Despite over a century of philosophical thinking in nursing, philosophical inquiry has yet to be positioned as contributing substantially to the field of nursing's inquiry.…...
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Bibliography
Austgard, K. (2008). What characterises nursing care? A hermeneutical philosophical inquiry.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 314-319.
Barbara Pesut, Joy Johnson. (2008). Understanding Philosophical Inquiry in Nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 115-121.
Dr Sharon L. Van Sell, Ioannis a Kalofissudis. (2002). A Complexity Nursing Theory.
Remote Nursing Theory
Remote Nursing and Jean Watson's Theory of Caring
Despite the identification of a clear role and responsibility for nurses in the area of remote and rural medical care, providing primary medical assistance to individuals and communities in geographically isolated areas, there have been significant barriers demonstrated to the effective networking and planning of nursing efforts, resources, and personnel in this area (Coyle et al. 2010). Though this problem is largely one that is practical in nature and requires a fix found in policy and infrastructure, the problem can ultimately be seen as one that is rooted in theory and philosophy. Simply put, nurses attempting to provide care to remote individuals and communities are not equipped with the proper tools, training, or resources to provide effective care, and this has also affected the focus of nursing in this arena such that results of nursing attempts in this area are not…...
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An application of Jean Watson's Theory of Caring in Nursing could definitely help to provide a renewed focus on those aspects of rural and remote care that are most essential to patient needs, and that will lead to a greater level of satisfaction and involvement by nurses. Essentially, this theory of nursing insists that the carative rather than the curative aspects of nursing practice and patient outcomes be focused on, which also automatically means treating the whole patient and improving their quality of life rather than simply trying to address specific symptoms and/or diseases (Watson 199; Rafael 2000). Caring for the patient rather than trying to cure the patient leads to a very different perspective in nursing, and this perspective can be applied to whole communities as well as to individuals.
The usefulness of this theory in regards to rural and remote nursing care and practice is difficult to overstate. By approaching rural communities and individuals simply with the focus of providing the best possible care, rather than attempting to provide cures that seem more readily available in less remote settings, nurses would be able to achieve greater levels of self-defined efficacy while at the same time improving the quality of life and the quality of care for their patients (Watson 1999; Rafael 2000). An application of this theory would not immediately address the practical problems of policy and infrastructure that face rural and remote care, but it would provide a solid foundation for the improvement of care in this area -- improvement that research has shown must be brought about by nurses (Coyale et al. 2010). This foundation can then be used to encourage greater official attention to and coordination of the issue.
Incorporating this theory into this area of practice begins simply with changing the mental and emotional fous of care.
Dorothea OremDorothea Orem\\\'s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) focuses on the patient\\\'s role in his own care. The main starting point of Orem\\\'s theory is that patients can recover more effectively and maintain their health better when they are actively involved in their own self-care. The theory can be divided into three sub-theories: the theory of self-care, the theory of self-care deficit, and the theory of nursing systems (Tanaka, 2022).I chose Orem\\\'s theory because it empowers patients. It supports their autonomy and promotes personal responsibility in health management. It is also a theory that lines up well with the idea of patient-centered care and holistic approaches to wellness. When nurses help patients to engage in self-care activities, they empower them to develop skills that can be used to improve their quality of life and prevent complications once they leave in-patient care (Jones, 2020).The literature supports the efficacy of Orem\\\'s theory…...
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ReferencesJones, D. (2020). Exploring the attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of community nurses towards patient self-care. Primary Health Care, 30(5).Nasiri, M., Jafari, Z., Rakhshan, M., Yarahmadi, F., Zonoori, S., Akbari, F., ... & Rezaei, M. (2023). Application of Orem\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s theory?based caring programs among chronically ill adults: A systematic review and dose–response meta?analysis. International nursing review, 70(1), 59-77.Tanaka, M. (2022, May). Orem\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s nursing self?care deficit theory: A theoretical analysis focusing on its philosophical and sociological foundation. In Nursing forum (Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 480-485).
1. Nursing Theorist Overview
Theory guides nursing practice and provides a framework for nurse leadership and healthcare management (McKenna, Pajnikar & Murphy, 2014). All prominent nursing theorists like the individuals covered in the multimedia presentation have influenced nursing practice in some way or another, and all do resonate with me on a personal and professional level. I will incorporate elements of all theorists into my practice in terms of interpersonal communications and attitudes towards health and healing. Of the theorists covered in the presentation, those of Florence Nightingale resonate the most because of her inclusion of environmental factors implicated in patient care. Environmental factors like lighting or ventilation can have a profound impact on perceptions of quality of care, too, which has a strong bearing on the efficacy of the healthcare institution (Sabza & Pirani, 2016). The environmental factors that Nightingale identified as being important to patient care also have a…...
My Nursing PhilosophyEvery nurse has a philosophy that guides her approach to care. Even if the nurse is not consciously aware of her personal philosophy, there is always some underlying construct in the nurses mind that helps her cope with split-second decisions or profound ethical quandaries. The philosophy is even necessary when making technical, everyday decisions. It is best for the nurse to be aware of her underlying assumptions, rather than unconscious of them, to ensure they are positive and serve patient needs.Nursing MetaparadigmAccording to Deliktas (et al. 2019), the classical nursing metaparadigm encompasses the person, environment, health, and nursing. For me, the person encompasses the patient, the patients caregivers, and also the patients community and the persons close to the patient. The environment encompasses all the influences on the patient. This can include access to healthcare itself, as well as the built environment (such as physical incentives to walk…...
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ReferencesDeliktas, A., Korukcu, O., Aydin, R., & Kabukcuoglu, K. (2019). Nursing students’ perceptions of nursing metaparadigms: A phenomenological study. The Journal of Nursing Research, 27(5), e45. Z., Kazemi Ara, F., & Gholamzadeh, S. (2020). The effect of self-care education based on Orem’s Nursing Theory on quality of life and self-efficacy in patients with hypertension: A quasi-experimental study. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 8(2), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.30476/IJCBNM.2020.81690.0 Norman, V., Rossillo, K., & Skelton, K. (2016). Creating healing environments through the theory of caring. AORN Journal, 104(5), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2016.09.006Sun, P., Lu, W., Song, Y., & Gu, Z. (2019). Influences of built environment with hilly terrain on physical activity in Dalian, China: An analysis of mediation by perceptions and moderation by social environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24), 4900. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244900Wei, H., & Watson, J. (2018). Healthcare interprofessional team members’ perspectives onhuman caring: A directed content analysis study. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(1), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.12.001https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000311Khademian,
Nursing TheoriesTheory is very important in nursing as it helps with guiding and informing practice, framing approaches, and understanding factors that impact health. Theory aids in enhancing and improving patient care and in supporting professional development. Because there are so many different theories of nursing, however, the judicial application of theory should be supported by evidence-based practice, with principles from nursing theories incorporated in practice once they are verified and validated by evidence. This paper looks at how theories are used in nursing, illustrates their application through my own personal experience, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using theories to guide nursing practice.Nursing theories can range from broad and abstract grand theories to more specific middle-range theories; all in all, however, they tend to serve as frameworks to understand health, illness, and the human experience within the context of care (Im, 2021). These theories help by offering a systematic…...
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ReferencesDevi, B., Pradhan, M. S., Giri, M. D., & Lepcha, M. N. (2022). Watson’s theory of caring in nursing education: challenges to integrate into nursing practice. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 1464-1471.Im, E. O. (2021). Different Types of Theories by Level of Abstraction in Nursing: A DiscussionPaper. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 35(1), 50-66.Mazzocca, P. (2023). Bedside Care: Nursing Practice in the Emergence of the Modern Hospital. In Architectures of Care (pp. 69-85). Routledge.
The Impact of Bonnie Duldt's Theory of Caring on Nursing Practice
Explore the key concepts of Duldt's Theory of Caring and its implications for nursing practice. Analyze how the theory guides nurses' interactions with patients, families, and colleagues. Discuss the practical applications of the theory in various nursing roles and settings.
Essay Topic 2:
The Ethical Implications of Bonnie Duldt's Theory of Caring
Examine the ethical principles embedded within Duldt's Theory of Caring. Explore the ways in which the theory promotes respect for patient autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. Discuss the ethical challenges that nurses may face in applying the theory....
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