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14. What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism? (p. 514) ANSWER:
Complex molecules are being created from the combination of simple substances during anabolism. In contrast, during catabolism, complex molecules are being split apart.
15. Where are triglycerides stored in the body? (p. 514) ANSWER:
Triglycerides are being stored in the body fat and in the liver.
16. In what ways can a person lose heat to or gain heat from the surroundings? How is it possible for a person to lose heat on a sunny beach when the temperature is 40?C (104?F) and the humidity is 85%? (p. 518) ANSWER:
About 60% of the energy released in catabolism in converted into heat. It is possible for a person to lose heat when the temperature is high if the respective person's body had not been supplied with enough external sources of energy for the cells to synthesize ATP.
Week 6
Chapter 14
17. Name several substances transported by blood. (p. 346) ANSWER:
Oxygen, carbon dioxides, and nutrients are all transported by blood.
18. How is blood protective? (p. 346) ANSWER:
Blood clots prevent blood from being lost in excess. Also, it contains white blood cells which protect the body against disease by carrying on phagocytosis and producing proteins fighting the disease.
19. What is erythropoiesis? How does erythropoiesis affect hematocrit? What factors speed up or slow down erythropoiesis? (p. 354) ANSWER:
The term erythropoiesis refers to the formation of red blood cells. Erythropoiesis can influence hematocrit by causing it to rise or to fall. The amount of oxygen that the blood can carry depends on the presence of red blood cells, and, if it decreases,...
What is hemostasis? (p. 357) ANSWER:
Hemostasis is the process which stops bleeding.
21. What is the basis for distinguishing the various blood groups? (p. 359) ANSWER:
Blood groups can be determined depending on presence or absence of various antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
Chapter 15
22. How do atria and ventricles differ in structure and function? (p. 370) ANSWER:
The atria are the upper chambers of the heart while the ventricles are the lower ones. The atria have the role of pumping deoxygenated blood into the ventricles in order for the ventricles to pump the blood further throughout the body.
23. Which blood vessels that enter and exit the heart carry oxygenated blood? Which carry deoxygenated blood? (p. 370) ANSWER:
The superior vena cava, the inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus carry deoxygenated blood. Four pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood.
24. In correct sequence, which heart chambers, heart valves, and blood vessels would a drop of blood encounter from the time it flows out of the right atrium until it reaches the aorta? (p. 370) ANSWER:
A drop of blood goes through the following stages from the moment that it enters the heart and until it leaves: superior vena cava/inferior vena cava/coronary sinus-right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, right/left pulmonary artery, lungs, left atrium-pulmonary veins, left ventricle, aorta.
25. Describe the path of an action potential through the conduction system. (p. 373) ANSWER:
An action potential suddenly arises in the sinoatrial node and then moves throughout both atria via gap
Mechanism's For Controlling Blood Sugar Levels: The blood glucose level is the amount of sugar or glucose in the blood that is also referred to as plasma glucose level and expressed as millimoles per litre. While blood glucose levels are measured in order to diagnose and monitor diabetes, it's also important to monitor these levels in certain situations, especially with increasing age and during pancreatitis and pregnancy. Under normal circumstances, blood
Korotkoff Phase Should Be Used as the Endpoint for the Measurement of Diastolic Blood Pressure During Pregnancy Literature Selection and Identification Critical Appraisal of Selected Literature Five Korotkoff Phases Conducting System of Human Heart Two of the most common complicating problems seen during pregnancy are the appearance of gestational diabetes and of hypertension. Both of these conditions are more likely to occur during late pregnancy and both generally abate in the postpartum period. Nevertheless,
Endocrinology AMAZING HORMONES Counterbalance of Sugar and Fat Content between Insulin and Glucagon Physical survival depends on the sustained availability and use of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate or ATP from sufficient levels of a substance, called glucose (Bowen, 2001). The use of energy depends on the varying levels of activity. Hence, the amount of glucose needed for activity likewise varies each day. Too much or too little glucose is damaging
The picture to the left depicts the various elements that are responsible for thermoregulation in human skin. The illustrations shows the various layers of skin along with the veins, arteries and capillaries of the circulatory system that assist in insuring that the thermoregulatory system works properly. The sweat glands are responsible for selectively removing materials from the blood the sweat glands then concentrates or alters these toxins, and secretes them
Introduction The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a very important role in the regulation of systemic vascular resistance and blood volume. Its role helps ensure hemodynamic stability when the body loses water, salt, and blood. The baroceptor reflex always corrects these imbalances in a short-term window while the RAAS helps keep the balance when the imbalances are chronic. The RAAS is made up of three main compounds: angiotensin II, aldosterone, and rennin
Biology Ligament osteoclasts a blood cell production (I guess the marrow is considered distinct from the skeleton) a sacrum d sarcomeres oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli isometric contraction antidiuretic hormone albumin b thrombin capillaries left atrium troponin diffusion larynx melanin bradycardia women diaphragm artery spongy bone or epiphysis Blood is a transportation mechanism, moving gas, waste and nutrients throughout the body. Some are dissolved in blood, but oxygen is transported by the erythrocytes. Blood is a regulator, for example helping to regulate the body's pH