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In its earliest incarnation, Old Cahokia grew organically as a common language linked together people from disparate but geographically close regions; but some people did migrate from farther away (10). The pottery record substantiates claims related to the patterns of migration that led to the population increase in Cahokia. Pottery records and other site examinations enable an understanding of local agricultural, animal, and food sources used for subsistence and also for trade.
There was a great degree of cultural continuity already existing as Cahokia evolved in the tenth century (11). Original mound builder societies converged gradually at the beginning, before the "big bang" phase of urban development. Interestingly, archaeologists have discovered that a game, Chunkey, "played a significant role in organizing social and political life in Cahokia" (Ch.4). Archaeologists have examined the diverse expressions of the game, especially as forms of it survived well into the colonial era. The outcomes of game playing had a tremendous influence on political and social status...
The game also had symbolic connotations that linked the game, social life, politics, and religions. Archaeologists have also been able to examine the types of stones to determine the demographic composition of the city as it evolved. The stones in the game are also linked in the record to the conflicts that Cahokia would have with its neighbors, perhaps leading to the demise of its civilization. Generally, though, there was a "mantle of peace" in Cahokia (Chapter 12).
Cahokia certainly connotes a "ceremonial center," and temples were integral to its urban planning and design (10). Rock art, storytelling, and other elements combine to inform the record on Cahokia. Archaeologists can also draw from linguistics to create a more accurate picture of how Cahokia evolved. Based on linguistic and physical archaeological records, Cahokians evolved from a multitude of diverse Native American cultures. This was around the eleventh century.
Work Cited
Pauketat, Timothy R. Cahokia: Ancient America's Great City on the Mississippi…
Work Cited
Pauketat, Timothy R. Cahokia: Ancient America's Great City on the Mississippi (Penguin Library of American Indian History) [Kindle Edition]
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