The use of competitive analysis is an example of taking a contingency outlook to the issue of change and problem solving.
Ford (2002) illustrates that often organizations base future behavior on past performance. This view is at the core of the contingency perspective, and has been taken at time by Toyota. For example the Toyota Production System itself is an example of incorporating the contingency perspective. In designing and implementing the system, Toyota worked within the constraints of their employee's ability, as demonstrated in the past, and focused on the internal strengths of those employees and their own production processes that they could leverage. TPS was entirely designed to fit within the boundaries of Japanese culture and technology at the time, based on past knowledge.
Toyota is a dynamic organization that is often viewed from the systems perspective. This perspective lies at the heart of Toyota's core competencies, including TPS and soikofu. Employees are viewed as dynamic parts of the whole. The company also, however, bases much of its approach to fundamental organizational change based on capabilities...
This gives management a sense of the constraints, including structure and technology, that must be considered when implementing a new change program. This evidences a degree of contingency perspective, one that has kept Toyota from making moves they could not execute.
Works Cited
Ahis, Bill. (2001). Organizational Behavior: A Model for Cultural Change. Industrial Management. Retrieved August 8, 2008 at http://www.allbusiness.com/management/981964-1.html
Ford, Cameron M. (2002). The Futurity of Decisions as a Facilitator of Organizational Creativity and Change. Journal of Organizational Change Management. Bradford:
2002. Vol. 15, Iss. 6; pg. 635
Prujit, Hans. (2000). Repainting, Modifying, Smashing Taylorism. Journal of Organizational Change Management. Bradford:
2000. Vol. 13, Iss. 5; pg. 439
Smith, Daniel C.; Andrews, Jonlee; Blevins, Timothy R. (1992). The Role of Competitive Analysis in Implementing a Market Orientation. Journal of Services Marketing. Santa Barbara:
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