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¶ … Criminal Justice Take Home Exam
Crime control and due process are two underlying philosophies of criminal justice that are often presented as competing philosophies by the American media. For instance, to control crime, police officers in popularly televised series such as "Law and Order" are shown as circumventing the letter of the law and occasionally violating due process, because of their natural eagerness to put criminals behind bars. Even in the news, a non-fictional aspect of the media, police officers are often depicted as the heroes that apprehend dangerous criminals and therefore curtail crime. The due process that every defendant is granted, as well as the presumption of innocence is circumvented by such a black and white portrayal, especially when it is suggested that an 'obviously' guilty defendant, because of his or her demeanor or because of leaked information to a news source, is let loose upon society because of the police's oversight regarding a legal technicality. However, the control of crime and the right of all to due process under the law are complementary ideas to ensure a free society. All individuals have a right to be safe, safe from crime, but also from unjustified police intrusion into their lives when the police lack probable cause.
Question 2: Sex,...
However, this issue is never 'black and white,' although it is sometimes literally and figuratively seen as such. For instance, individuals who are poor and of an oppressed minority group are both more likely to be the perpetrators of crime but also the victims of crime, highlighting the role of social desperation and economic disenfranchisement in the spread and curtailment of crime. However, simple, physical vulnerability also increases an individual's likelihood of being a victim of crime, as women and the elderly are more likely to be targets of violence, in proportions larger than their tendency to commit crimes. Thus, social actions to emphasize self-defense amongst these populations might be valuable.
Question 3:Theories of criminal behavior include those of social process theorists, whom emphasize the cultural context of a society in terms of what is considered a crime, development theorists that view crime as products of alternative criminal subcultures that reward crime, as well as the point-of-view that crime is an act of individual deviancy. Given the current levels of mistrust of police in many communities, as well as the increasingly positive view of the…
In the experimental community, the researchers instituted a media campaign to increase seat-belt usage, followed by increased police enforcement of the seat-belt law. It was found that the percentage of drivers using seat belts increased in the experimental community but remained stable or declined slightly in the comparison community (Piquero and Piquero, 2002). An example of the before-and-after design would be the analysis of the impact of the Massachusetts Bartley-Fox
If this is indeed the case, Leach is within his rights to appeal for an overturn of his conviction. The Fourth Amendment protects travellers from unwarranted police searches, which appears to be what happened in this case. The Fourth Amendment then protects the rights of individuals to reasonable expectation of privacy. While Archibald Leach voluntarily yielded his luggage for investigation, the search itself was not conducted in a legal manner
One group has offered that social welfare reform would be an effective deterrent to corruption. "Conditional cash transfer programs, an innovation in social welfare administration, have received considerable acclaim as a means of enhancing human capital and reducing leakage of public resources" (Grimes and Wangnerud, 2010), one extensive form of corruption in Mexico. It is innovative problem solving such as this that offers the greatest hope for bringing government
Variations of the area court model, such as teen courts, medicine courts, and household physical violence courts, focus on specific concerns in order to establish even more extensive options. The underlying presumption of neighborhood courts is that neighborhoods are deeply damaged by the sentencing procedure yet are seldom spoken with and associated with judicial results. Correcting Community justice has actually been slowest to show up in the correctional industry. Maybe this
Industries that face stiff competition may favor and encourage an aggressive approach from employees that produces rapid results, rather than thoughtful, strategic action. When the gains cannot be realized in the desired time frame, there is a temptation to implement short cuts; resulting in fraud." (Price; Norris, 2009) That however is not a justification, although it prompts some regulations on the way industries operate. The Law Catches Up Today the criminal
In 2002 the crime lab in the state of Mississippi found that the semen in the victim's body belonged to two different men and neither of them was Kennedy Brewer. Balko concludes by stating: "Forensic scandals have been troublingly common of late, with phony experts, fake results, and incompetent testing recently uncovered in Virginia, Maryland, Kansas, Illinois, and Texas, to name just a few. Courts need to take a