¶ … Earth Science class topic Mars. Attached documents style report properly. 2-10 sources peer-reviews journal. And 2 figures. Please read documents. In text citations needed .
Mars has always been one of the most intriguing planets in the solar systems and society did not hesitate to relate through the planet both from an astronomic point-of-view and from a cultural perspective. The fact that it is very probable for primitive life to exist below the planet's surface makes it possible for the masses to understand that this planet is not as different from earth as they might be inclined to imagine. One of the most effective methods to learn more about Mars would be to compare it to Earth. This would enable individuals to become acquainted with the planet's particularities and with its similarities to other planets in the solar system.
The planet's history and its relationship to mankind
a. Mars' contemporary significance
When seen first Mars appears to be very different from Earth and the fact that the social order has come to associate the concept of alien life forms with Martians demonstrates that people actually believe that the planet is nothing like the one they call home. However, the planet has most probably had running waters on its surface several billions of years ago and has had active volcanoes. "Recent high-resolution images of the surface of Mars have strengthened earlier views that water may once have run across the surface of the planet" (Kusky 262). The fact that water is no longer present on the planet's surface points toward the belief that it is frozen under the planet's surface. This is most probably owed to a massive global cooling that took place on Mars approximately four billions of years ago (Kusky 262).
b. Humanity's interest in Mars
The fact that there has been little to no direct contact to Mars until the recent years and most missions attempting to reach Mars have failed to do so is one of the main reasons for which people have a limited understanding of the planet. Even with this, humanity has been fascinated with the planet for hundreds and even thousands of years, ever since the appearance of the first telescope. While this fascination generated a lot of interest in the planet, it also distorted people's ability to learn more about it. The red planet influenced many in associating it with war and death, this being especially visible through the fact that the Romans named it Mars, in an attempt to link it to the god of war (LaFontaine).
People knew very little about Mars in ancient times, but in addition to its unique color they could only associate two ideas with it: it appeared every two years and it follows a peculiar, loop-like path through the sky. "Only one important advance was made before the modern era, when Aristotle observed an occultation of Mars by the Moon and inferred that Mars "was higher up in the heavens" than the Moon, i.e., farther away" (Matthews 2). Many communities emphasized that Mars had an essential astrological role and that its movements could reflect negatively or positively on particular individuals (Matthews 2).
Astronomers in the late nineteenth century fueled people's imagination by emphasizing that Mars contained a lot of surface canals that probably held running waters at a certain point in history. This influenced many novelists to focus their works on the planet and on relating to how it was the place where intelligent life could be present. Numerous scientists have actually been affected as a result of reading Mars-related fiction stories and directed their attention toward this impressive planet. This being said, authors like H.G. Wells, Arthur C. Clarke, and Ray Bradbury are partly responsible for the fact that scientists in recent years focused on devising missions meant to provide humanity with more information about Mars (LaFontaine Cover1).
c. Mars exploration missions
Even with the fact that people were very interested in Mars through the years, it was not until July 1965 that they actually came to observe the planet's surface from a closer perspective. The Mariner missions involved probes that would photograph the planet's surface and send the photos back with the purpose of having experts examine them. The U.S. landed two Viking probes on Mars in 1975 and they both failed to find life on the planet. However, they provided the first pictures showing the planet's surface and its atmosphere and further contributed to humanity's understanding of Mars.
Mars Pathfinder landed on the...
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