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Employment law.
What was the purpose of the Equal Pay Act? Has the law accomplished its purpose? Why or why not?
The purpose of the Equal Pay Act was to ensure that men and women were both paid equal pay for equal work that was performed under similar working conditions within the same establishment. "The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal ("Equal Pay and Compensation Discrimination,"2007, EEOC). It is job content, not job titles, that determines whether jobs are substantially equal. When President Kennedy signed the bill into law he noted: "the average woman worker earns only 60% of the average wage for men... The lower the family income, the higher the probability that the mother must work" (Kennedy, 1964). However, although parity between male and female workers doing the same occupations has increased, and women now have access to a wider range of better-paying occupations, pay rates are still not equal.
What is meant by the term "glass ceiling?" Who is impacted by it? What can companies do to help break the "glass ceiling?"
The glass ceiling is the fact that even highly talented and educated women often do not ascend the heights of the upper echelons of management beyond a certain point. Deliberate discrimination may be to blame -- in part. But companies can also make it easier for women to balance the challenges of work and family life in a more effective fashion, given that these responsibilities often fall disproportionately on female shoulders. Providing day care for women, allowing more flexible work schedules for employees, as well as diversity and sensitivity training are all necessary. Encouraging female mentorship programs to undercut the influence of the still strong 'all boys network' of promotion is another critical move to shatter the ceiling.
Works Cited
Equal Pay and Compensation Discrimination." 1(Oct 2007).
The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved 13 Dec 2007. http://www.eeoc.gov/types/epa.html
Kennedy, John. (10 Jul 1964). "Remarks upon Signing the Equal Pay Act."
The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 13 Dec 2007. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=9267
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