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Controversial Cases of End-of-Life Decisions
For this discussion, we consider one the most controversial euthanasia case in the history of America - the case of Terri Schiavo who never regained consciousness after collapsing at her home on February 25, 1990. She died 15 years later at a hospital but her death and the preceding legal battle that the Americans witnessed regarding the removal of her feeding tube created a firestorm of debate around the country about the status of end-of-life decisions (Johnstone, 2011).
There were people, politicians, artists, activists and the medical fraternity who were clearly divided in their opinion about the right to death and right to euthanasia. The debate clearly indicated the deep divide in the America society related to euthanasia and end-of-life care.
The proponents of euthanasia argued that it was needed by terminally ill patients and support their claims by 'the compassion argument'. They claimed that every human being has a right to live with dignity and lead a quality life. If the quality of life was not ensured then an individual could not live with dignity (Lavi, 2007). Thus, they claim terminally ill individuals would not enjoy a quality life ever...
On the other hand, such people should be given the right to 'die with dignity' which is kinder to them than forcing them into a life that is riddled with suffering only.
Proponents also put forward the autonomy theory that states that every individual has a right to choose a life and even death for themselves. The Kantian moral theory also supports this argument which states the minimum goods that can be guaranteed to any person is rights so that they are able to enjoy a good life. The right to autonomy allows a terminally ill patient to choose his notion of quality of life and decide whether he wants that it or not. This theoretical framework says that "dignity is essential for choosing quality; it is the minimum choice from autonomy."
However those against the legalization and allowing euthanasia claim that medical science has advanced to such a level that patients can be ultimately cured. They claim that there are alternative treatments such as palliative care and hospices and hence it is unnecessary to kill the patient in order to kill the symptoms (Woods & Bickley Asher, 2014). Medical science is able to relieve nearly all pain. The doctors would give…
References
Johnstone, M. (2011). Metaphors, stigma and the 'Alzheimerization' of the euthanasia debate. Dementia, 12(4), 377-393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301211429168
Lavi, S. (2007). The modern art of dying. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Nicklas, T., Reiterer, F., Verheyden, J., & Braun, H. (2009). The human body in death and resurrection. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
SULMASY, D. (2002). Death, Dignity, and the Theory of Value. Ethical Perspectives, 9(2), 103-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ep.9.2.503850
Woods, M., & Bickley Asher, J. (2014). Nurses and the euthanasia debate: reflections from New Zealand. Int Nurs Rev, 62(1), 13-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inr.12145
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