¶ … leadership styles and power bases of CO, XO, Chief of the Boat (COB)? (Consider the full range of possible styles.) Cite specific behaviors and statements, with specific reference to the leadership literature. The CO's leadership style is very much ad hoc -- in terms of his contempt for what he sees as overly theoretical book knowledge, it is also firmly based on his own long experience. To some degree it recalls the fascinating research done by Malcolm Gladwell in his book Blink: Gladwell researches the possibility that snap decisions in many circumstances are more likely to be correct than laboriously researched and deliberated ones. Gladwell estimates that ten thousand hours of intense activity are required to gain real competency or fluency in an activity, and it is clear from the captain's age and the length of his command that he has seen many years of service and can now afford to make his decisions based on pure instinct. The Cob rather memorably sums up the CO's leadership abilities in his attempt to mollify the XO early in their conflict: "I think we have here is a difference in management styles. But as unpredictable as he is, there is a logic to it. He navigates by his own star, not many men can do that. Cob's rules of Navy leadership: One, you've got to look like you know what you're doing, Two, the men have got to believe you know what you're doing, and Three -- and most important -- everybody's got an opinion, but the captain's got to make a choice. You live and die with that. And that's where the Skipper's earned his stripes, Sir. I've seen it time and time again." In other words, Cog justifies the CO's initial high-handedness to...

This is why he controversially at the start of the film orders a weapons readiness drill even in the midst of a galley fire -- the incident that sets off his quarrel with the XO over their differing managerial styles.
The XO is depicted as being almost the polar opposite of the CO -- as another character tells the XO after his friction with the CO begins, the XO needs to remember how he looks to the CO "Annapolis…Harvard…Well-versed in theory," in other words lacking in the kind of practical experience that Malcolm Gladwell sees as requisite for actual expertise. (The XO gets precisely this kind of practical experience over the course of the film, after he has assumed command -- even to the point of making a wrenching life-or-death decision regarding three crew members who are sealed off and presumably drown in order to prevent the sub-from collapse.) In the latter half of the film, after the CO has been removed from command, he scornfully notes that he is reading the XO's personnel file while under house-arrest and "the closest he's been to combat has been in a classroom." But the XO's job is to provide nuance, and that is why -- with the particularly tricky question of partial orders received followed by combat-related radio silence -- he ultimately prevails against the CO's desire to follow the first fully-received order to fire. The CO's analysis of the XO overall is that he is too full of nuance and scruple:…