Machiavelli In the sixteenth century, Florence was in a period of turmoil and political instability due to the clashes between different ruling elite. It was in this social and political climate that Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince. The book is a practical guide to world leadership. The author focuses on the qualities of successful and unsuccessful leaders, the nature of their actions and decisions, and how they can and should react to various situations when they arise in the political arena. Machiavelli uses historical examples to substantiate his claims, when possible. One of the defining features of Machiavelli's The Prince is that the author is primarily concerned with maintaining political order and stability, rather than on making ethical choices. This stems directly from the historical context of political instability in which Machiavelli wrote. Similarly, Machiavelli's primary concerns are for how leaders can remain strong and powerful in their domains and not with the rights of the citizens. The Prince is studied both for its content, in terms of what Machiavelli says about the nature of effective leadership and how that can be applied to contemporary issues; and also for its historical and philosophical interest.

Divided into 26 brief chapters, The Prince offers succinct information about each topic. Modern readers might compare it to a self-help guide, which can be applied to various situations. The first three chapters are about the different structures of "principalities" and republics. Machiavelli points out the difference between a ruler who...

A "new principality" can be one that is "entirely new" or one that has been annexed to an existing principality. The author remains concerned primarily with principalities rather than republics, and Machiavelli points this out clearly in Chapter 2. In Chapter 2, the author claims that it is much easier to hold stable a hereditary state because the people are "long accustomed to the family of their prince," (Chapter 2). In Chapter 3, Machiavelli points out that it is easier to take over principalities that have strong centralized government and weak local authorities, versus ones with strong local authorities that might threaten, antagonize, or usurp the new leader.
Machiavelli suggests that strong leader be keen opportunists, taking advantage of weaknesses in order to conquer. For example, in Chapter 6, Machiavelli notes that people who are oppressed will be ripe for new leadership and the prince can take advantage of this situation. "It was necessary, therefore, to Moses that he should find the people of Israel in Egypt enslaved and oppressed by the Egyptians, in order that they should be disposed to follow him so as to be delivered out of bondage," (Chapter 6). However, the author notes that when a prince comes to power too easily, it may be difficult to remain in power. "Those who solely by good fortune become princes from being private citizens have little trouble in rising, but much in keeping atop; they have not any difficulties on the way up, because they fly, but they have…